CN113118655A - Welding method and device for single-side V-shaped groove weldment with uneven groove gap - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric welding machine, a welding gun and a welding gun tracking device, which is characterized in that the welding gun tracking device is provided with a welding gun A and a welding gun B, molten pools of the welding gun A and the welding gun B are fused together, and the distance between the welding wire end A of the welding gun A and the welding wire end B of the welding gun B is adjustable; attaching a flexible welding gasket on the back of the welding surface; determining the position of a welding wire contact point on a weldment, adjusting the angle between the welding wire of a welding gun A and the weldment through a fine adjustment mechanism A, and aligning the welding wire to the position of the welding wire contact point; and adjusting the angle of the welding wire of the welding gun B and the weldment through the fine adjustment mechanism B, and aligning the welding wire to the position of the welding wire contact point. The invention can make the backing welding also use automatic welding, and the price is low and the welding efficiency is improved.

Description

Welding method and device for single-side V-shaped groove weldment with uneven groove gap

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a method and a device for welding a single-side V-shaped groove weldment with uneven groove gaps.

Background

The weldment groove has V type, unilateral V type, two V types (X type), K type, U type, I type etc. in order to prevent to weld and wear through, still increased the backing plate below the groove. However, the gap between the grooves is not uniform, which increases the difficulty of automatic welding, and for example, the groove is a single-side V-shaped groove as shown in fig. 1. During welding, the circular tube 12 is vertically placed, the circular tube 12 has no groove, and the plate thickness is 10-40 mm. The support plate 13 is 10-40mm thick, and the support plate 13 is provided with a 30-degree groove and is horizontally placed. A backing plate 14 is arranged below the supporting plate, and the plate thickness is 3 mm. The edge of the supporting plate groove is spaced from the round pipe, the gap is very uneven and irregular due to the reasons of processing, assembly and the like, the gap at one position is 0, and the gap at the other position can be about 10 mm. Therefore, when the first welding (called "backing welding") is performed, the welder adjusts the welding current, the welding voltage and the welding speed to prevent the backing plate 14 with the thickness of 3mm from being welded through. However, in automatic welding, in order to prevent the backing plate from being welded through, different welding currents, welding voltages and welding speeds are used for welding at the position with the gap of 0 and the position with the gap of 10 mm, the gap is not uniform and irregular, and therefore the width of the gap is measured in real time, and the welding current, the welding voltages and the welding speed at the position and the parameters of welding gun swing can be automatically adjusted according to the width of the gap. The above adjustment contents can be realized by the existing automation technology, but the price is high, so that a plurality of enterprises can not buy the welding machine, and simultaneously, the enterprises with faults can not repair the welding machine, so that the welding machine can not use the welding machine, so that when a round pipe and a support plate are welded, especially when the first backing weld is welded, most of the enterprises still adopt manual welding, and the production efficiency can not be improved.

For the round tube-shaped weldment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the backing plate is cut to form a notch so as to form a round shape, and then the backing plate is attached and welded below the supporting plate and is firmly welded. The work of notching, firmly welding the lining plate and the like also wastes time and labor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method and equipment for welding a single-side V-shaped groove weldment with uneven groove gaps, so that backing welding can be used for automatic welding, the price is low, and the welding efficiency is improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a welding method of a single-side V-shaped groove weldment with uneven groove gap is characterized by comprising the following steps: two welding guns are adopted for welding, the molten pools of the welding gun A and the welding gun B are fused together, and the distance between the welding wire end A of the welding gun A and the welding wire end B of the welding gun B is adjustable; attaching a flexible welding gasket on the back of the welding surface; determining the position of a welding wire contact point on a weldment, adjusting the angle between the welding wire of a welding gun A and the weldment through a fine adjustment mechanism A, and aligning the welding wire to the position of the welding wire contact point; and adjusting the angle of the welding wire of the welding gun B and the weldment through the fine adjustment mechanism B, and aligning the welding wire to the position of the welding wire contact point.

Further, when the round pipe is welded with the unilateral V-shaped groove of the supporting plate, the welding method specifically comprises the following steps: the welding wire in the welding gun A points to a point A of the round tube plate at an angle approximately parallel to the bevel face of the support plate, and the point A is 2-8 mm above the bottom edge of the support plate; the welding wire of the welding gun B points to the point B of the support plate at an angle which is approximately vertical to the plane of the support plate, and corresponding welding current and welding voltage are set according to the plate thickness of the point B; and measuring the distance L between the point B and the edge of the groove, and keeping the distance L in the welding process.

Further, when the flat plate with the V-shaped groove is in butt joint welding, the welding method specifically comprises the following steps: the welding wire in the welding gun A and the welding wire of the welding gun B point to the point A of the flat plate 1 or the point B of the flat plate 2 at an angle which is approximately vertical to the flat plate plane, and the corresponding welding current and the corresponding welding voltage of the welding gun A and the welding gun B are set according to the plate thickness of the point A or the point B; and measuring the distance L between the point A and the edge of the bevel of the flat plate 1 or the distance L between the point B and the edge of the bevel of the flat wire feeder placing plate, and keeping the distance L in the welding process.

The invention also provides a welding device of the welding method of the unilateral V-shaped groove weldment with uneven groove gap, which comprises an electric welding machine, welding guns and a welding gun tracking device, wherein the welding guns comprise an A welding gun and a B welding gun and adopt A, B welding guns for welding; the welding gun A is arranged on the welding gun tracking device through the A fine adjustment mechanism; the welding gun B is arranged on the welding gun tracking device through the B fine adjustment mechanism; the distance between the welding wire end A of the welding gun A and the welding wire end B of the welding gun B is adjustable; the molten pools of torch A and torch B are fused together.

Furthermore, the welding gun tracking device comprises a guide rod, a guide sleeve, a plate shaft, a spring and a welding gun plate; the guide rod is arranged at the lower end of the sliding column, and a spring and a guide sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the guide rod; a plate shaft is arranged on the guide sleeve; the upper end of the plate shaft is inserted into a hole of the welding gun plate, the welding gun plate can slide up and down along the plate shaft, and the A fine adjustment mechanism and the B fine adjustment mechanism are both arranged on the welding gun plate.

Further, extending the welding gun plate out of the two horizontal tracking wheels; under the push of the spring and the guide sleeve, the two horizontal tracking wheels cling to the inner arm of the circular tube, so that the horizontal distance between the welding wire of the welding gun A and the welded circular tube is kept unchanged; the method comprises the steps that a laser ranging element is arranged above a groove, the distance from a shudi board to the laser ranging element is measured, the ranging element performs reciprocating scanning in the horizontal direction, when the edge of the groove is scanned, the distance is changed, the output data of a displacement sensor in contact are changed, the output data of the displacement sensor are sent to a servo system, a motor of the servo system rotates, a welding gun B is enabled to automatically move for a preset distance, welding is performed, and the horizontal distance L between the welding wire of the welding gun B and the edge of the groove of a welded supporting plate is kept unchanged; the front end of the guide rod is provided with a shaft sleeve, a shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the top end of the shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel is connected with the welding gun plate, and the wheel body at the bottom falls on the supporting plate.

Furthermore, the guide rod is connected with a hollow sliding column (the circular tube rotates, the welding gun does not rotate for welding), two wire feeders are arranged on the sliding column, a control cable of the wire feeders, a welding cable and an air pipe are arranged in the center hole of the sliding column, and the sliding column slides up and down in the sliding beam; the sliding beam slides left and right in the cross beam, the cross beam is arranged at the upper ends of the two upright posts, and the lower ends of the upright posts are provided with guide wheels and move on the guide rails; the pipe weldment falls on the pipe-bearing plate, and the pipe-bearing plate sets up in the base plate top, first bull wheel or first universal wheel are installed to the peripheral below of pipe-bearing plate, first bull wheel or first universal wheel fall on the base plate, and pipe-bearing plate center is provided with the hole of taking the cotter groove, and there is the round hole at the base plate center, is equipped with in the round hole at base plate center and dials the axle, dials the axle upper end and has the pin, and the skewer takes the downthehole of round pin, cotter groove in pipe-bearing plate center, dials the axle and is driven by the motor, and it is rotatory to drive pipe-bearing plate and pipe.

Furthermore, a gathering plate is connected to the upper end of the sliding column in a sliding mode (the round pipe rotates, the welding gun does not rotate for welding), the center of the gathering plate is provided with a hole, the sliding column can slide up and down in the hole of the gathering plate, and the gathering plate is provided with a motor and a gear for driving the sliding column to rotate in the gathering plate; the junction plate is provided with a transverse centering system and a vertical centering system, and the transverse centering system and the vertical centering system respectively comprise a straight rod, a rod sleeve, a connecting piece, an insulating block, a conductive block, a lead screw and a motor; the rod is sleeved on the circular tube; the conducting block is provided with a conducting wire connected to a control system; when centering, the motor in the centering system rotates to make the rod sleeve move towards the circular tube, when one rod sleeve touches the circular tube, the rod sleeve is blocked by the circular tube, but the motor still rotates to make the straight rod move towards the center of the circular tube together with the junction plate and the sliding column in the central hole of the junction plate, when the other rod sleeve also touches the circular tube, the sliding column is in the central position of the circular tube, at the moment, the two conductive blocks are both contacted with the circular tube, the conducting wires connected with the two conductive blocks are connected by the circular tube, the control system connected with the conducting wires stops the rotation of the motor in the centering system, and at the moment, the sliding column is in the central position of the circular tube both horizontally and vertically.

Furthermore, the welding gun tracking device (the circular tube does not rotate, and the welding gun rotates to weld) can also be a welding trolley, and a trolley walking plate with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the circular tube is placed on the welding piece of the supporting plate, so that the welding trolley can walk on the trolley walking plate by adhering to the inner wall of the circular tube; the center of the trolley walking plate is provided with a central shaft; the wire feeder placing plate is arranged on the trolley walking plate, a second ball wheel or a second universal wheel is arranged on the back of the wire feeder placing plate, a hole is formed in the center of the wire feeder placing plate and falls into a central shaft of the trolley walking plate, so that the wire feeder placing plate can rotate on the trolley walking plate around the central shaft, and a nut is arranged at the uppermost end of the central shaft of the trolley walking plate welding machine; the wire feeder placing plate is provided with two wire feeders A and B, and the two welding guns A and B extending from the wire feeder A and the wire feeder B are arranged on the welding gun plate together with the micro-adjustment mechanism A and the micro-adjustment mechanism B; the wire feeder placing plate is provided with a frame beam and a frame column, and the A and B wire feeders are obliquely arranged on the wire feeder placing plate upwards through the frame beam and the frame column.

Furthermore, the welding trolley extends out of the two horizontal tracking wheels and abuts against the inner wall of the circular tube, a shaft sleeve is arranged on the welding trolley, a shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the top end of the shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel is connected with the welding gun plate, and a wheel body at the bottom falls on the supporting plate;

the welding gun plate is arranged at the upper end of the vertical tracking axle rod, the welding gun A passes through the A fine adjustment mechanism, and the welding gun B passes through the B fine adjustment mechanism and falls on the welding gun plate; the welding gun A passes through the A fine adjustment mechanism, and the welding gun B passes through the B fine adjustment mechanism and falls on the welding gun plate; the wire feeder placing plate is provided with a plate column, the upper end of the plate column is provided with a wire passing plate, the center of the wire passing plate is provided with a hole, a threading plate is arranged above the wire passing plate, and the back of the threading plate is provided with a third ball wheel or a third universal wheel, so that the threading plate falls on the wire passing plate; the center of the threading disc is provided with a hole, and a control cable, a welding cable and an air pipe of the wire feeder pass through the hole in the center of the threading disc and the hole in the center of the threading disc; the disc columns are simultaneously used for adjustment, assembly and transportation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention adopts two welding guns, each welding gun is provided with a respective fine adjustment mechanism and a tracking mechanism, a horizontal tracking wheel enables a welding gun A to keep a distance from a circular tube in the horizontal direction, and a laser tracking system enables a welding wire of a welding gun B to always fall at a set distance L from the edge of a groove in the horizontal direction. Ensuring that the weldment does not weld through or lack weld through.

(2) The groove of the round tube and the supporting plate is provided with a flexible welding liner, the gap between the round tube and the groove of the supporting plate is separated by the flexible welding liner, but the distance between the welding guns A and the welding guns B is adjustable, when the distance between the welding guns A and the welding guns B is short, a molten pool generated by the welding gun A and a molten pool generated by the welding gun B which fall on the flexible welding liner are fused together to form a bottoming welding layer. Thus, a primer layer of several millimeters thickness is provided on the flexible bond pad.

(3) The welding pad is flexible, so that the welding pad can be bent into a round shape without opening a notch, and a lot of working hours are saved.

(4) The invention provides two welding modes, namely, rotating a welding machine, keeping a circular tube weldment still, keeping the welding machine still, rotating the circular tube weldment.

(5) Aiming at the mode that the welding gun does not rotate around the circular tube, the invention provides the centering method of the four lead screws and the two lead screws, so that the centering time of a welder is saved, the circular tube is used for supporting automatic welding equipment, a portal frame is omitted, and the cost is reduced.

(6) The automatic centering system has the advantages of low price, few faults, simple operation and easy mass use.

(7) Two welding guns are additionally arranged on the existing automatic welding trolley, so that the welding efficiency can be obviously improved.

(8) Aiming at the welding of the circular tube and the supporting plates, because some supporting plates are very narrow and smaller than the wheel track of the welding trolley, and wheels on the outer side of the welding trolley are suspended, a trolley walking plate is placed on the supporting plates, the diameter of the trolley walking plate is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the circular tube, and the welding trolley can walk on the trolley walking plate and clings to the inner wall of the circular tube.

(9) Two welding machines are put and are being sent the silk machine and place the board on, send the silk machine to place board below dress ball wheel (bull's eye wheel) or universal wheel, make and send the silk machine to place the board and can center on the dolly carriage walking board around the light rotation of center pin, when the welding carriage is pasting the pipe inner wall walking on the dolly, the welder on the welding carriage drives the silk machine that send that is equipped with two silk machines and places the board, also equidirectional rotation, like this, the welder line just can not twist.

(10) The nut is arranged at the uppermost end of the welding machine central shaft of the trolley walking board, so that the wire feeding machine placing board can not be separated from the trolley walking board during hoisting and transportation.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a weldment for manual welding of a conventional circular tube and a support plate.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a structural view of a weldment for automatic welding of round tubes and support plates of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a view showing the assembly of the welding gun 6A and the trimmer a and the assembly of the welding gun 6B and the trimmer B.

Fig. 6 is a side view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a top view of fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating adjustment of the distance between the welding guns 6A and 6B.

FIG. 9 is an assembly view of the welding assembly of the spring push rod type round tube support plate.

Fig. 10 is a side view of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a top view of fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a laser type horizontal tracking original map of the welding gun 6B.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a four lead screw centering system.

FIG. 14 is a side view of a four lead screw centering system.

FIG. 15 is a top view of a four lead screw centering system.

Fig. 16 is a partial enlarged view of the centering system.

Fig. 17 is a side view of fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a top view of fig. 16.

FIG. 19 is a front view of a two lead screw centering system.

FIG. 20 is a side view of a two lead screw centering system.

FIG. 21 is a top view of a two lead screw centering system.

FIG. 22 is an assembly view of the welding set of the cart-type circular tube support plate.

Fig. 23 is a side view of fig. 20.

Fig. 24 is a top view of fig. 20.

FIG. 25 is a view of a V-groove welding gun orientation and weldment.

In the figure: 1-wire feeder, 02-wire feeder placing plate, 3 is trolley walking plate, 4-first bull's eye, 42-second bull's eye, 05-flexible welding liner, 5-welding trolley, 6-welding gun, 6A-welding gun, 6B-welding gun, 7-welding gun wire support, 8-frame beam, 9-lifting rope, 10-central shaft, 11-frame column, 12-round pipe, 13-support plate, 14-backing plate, 15-vertical tracking wheel, 16-horizontal tracking wheel, 17-welding gun plate, 18-guide rod, 19-guide sleeve, 20-plate shaft, 21-spring, 22-guide rail, 23-vertical column, 24-cross beam, 25-sliding beam, 26-sliding column, 27-bearing plate, 28-pulling shaft, 29-base plate, 30-two groups of control cables, welding cables, air pipes, 31-wire passing disc, 32-third bull's eye wheel, 33-wire passing disc, 34-disc column, 35- (for rotating wire feeder) motor and reduction box. 36-laser ranging element, 37-displacement sensor, 38 single chip microcomputer or DSP or PLC, 39-servo motor, 40-ball screw, 41-convergence plate, 42-transverse centering system, 42-1-straight rod, 42-2-rod sleeve, 42-3-connecting piece, 42-4-insulating block, 42-5-conductive block, 42-6-lead screw, 42-7-motor and 43-vertical centering system.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described by the following detailed description.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "middle", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In addition, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that there may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Example 1 (welding with rotating pipe and welding torch not rotating)

The weldment is shown in fig. 3-8: the round tube plate 12 is 30mm thick, the support plate 13 is 30mm thick, and a 30-degree groove is formed.

As shown in fig. 9-12, the welding device for welding the single-side V-groove weldment with uneven groove gap in the embodiment includes an electric welding machine, welding guns and a welding gun tracking device, where the welding guns include an a welding gun and a B welding gun, and A, B welding guns are used for welding; the welding gun A is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism A; the welding gun B is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism B; the distance between the welding wire end A of the welding gun A and the welding wire end B of the welding gun B is adjustable; the molten pools of torch A and torch B are fused together.

In this embodiment, the weldment is a single-side V-groove, and a welding gun with an air nozzle having an outer diameter of 16 mm is used. For a single-side V-shaped groove, the welding wire in the welding gun A points to the point A of the round tube 12 at an angle (30 degrees in the embodiment) which is approximately parallel to the bevel surface of the support plate 13, the point A is positioned 2-8 mm above the bottom edge of the support plate, the thickness of the round tube 12 is 30mm, and larger welding parameters can be used: welding current 350A and welding voltage 35V; the backup pad has the groove, and B welder's welding wire is with the backup pad plane nearly vertically angle point B of backup pad position, and the thickness that the distance of B point apart from the groove edge is 8 millimeters departments is 14mm, sets for welding parameter and is: welding current 300A, welding voltage 30V, and keeping distance L of point B from the edge of the groove at 8 mm in the welding process.

The welding gun A is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism A, so that a welding wire A in the welding gun A can be aligned to a welding wire contact part A set by the circular tube; the welding gun B is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism B, so that a welding wire B in the welding gun B can be aligned to a welding wire contact part B set in the groove of the support plate; the positions of the welding guns can be adjusted by the welding guns A and B respectively, and the welding guns are not influenced by each other. And adjusting the distance between the welding wire end A of the welding gun A and the welding wire end B of the welding gun B to be 12 mm.

The welding gun tracking device in the embodiment comprises a guide rod 18, a guide sleeve 19, a plate shaft 20, a spring 21 and a welding gun plate 17; the guide rod 18 is arranged at the lower end of the sliding column 26, and the spring 21 and the guide sleeve 19 are sleeved on the guide rod 18 in sequence; the guide sleeve 19 is provided with a plate shaft 20; the upper end of the plate shaft 20 is inserted into a hole of the welding gun plate 17, the welding gun plate 17 can slide up and down along the plate shaft 20, and the A fine adjustment mechanism and the B fine adjustment mechanism are both arranged on the welding gun plate 17.

The welding gun plate extends out of the two horizontal tracking wheels 16, the two horizontal tracking wheels 16 are tightly attached to the inner arm of the circular tube 12 under the pushing of the spring 21 and the guide sleeve 19, the horizontal distance between the welding wire of the welding gun A and the circular tube to be welded is kept unchanged, a laser ranging element 36 is arranged above the groove and is used for measuring the distance between the shudi plate and the laser ranging element, the ranging element reciprocates and scans in the horizontal direction, when the edge of the groove is scanned, the distance is changed, the output data of the displacement sensor 37 in contact is changed, the output data of the displacement sensor is sent to a servo system 38 (a single chip microcomputer), a servo motor 39 (a servo motor) and a ball screw 40 (a ball screw), the servo system motor rotates, the welding gun B is automatically moved for a preset distance, welding is carried out, and the horizontal distance L between the welding wire of. The front end of the guide rod 18 is provided with a hole.

The front end of the guide rod 18 is provided with a shaft sleeve, a shaft rod 15 of the vertical tracking wheel penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the top end of the shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel is connected with a welding gun plate 17, and a wheel body at the bottom falls on the supporting plate 13.

The guide rod 18 is connected with a hollow slide column 26, two wire feeders 1 are arranged on the slide column 26, a control cable, a welding cable and an air pipe 30 of the wire feeders are arranged in a central hole of the slide column 26, the slide column 26 slides up and down in a slide beam 25, the slide beam 25 slides left and right in a cross beam 24, the cross beam 24 is arranged at the upper ends of two upright posts 23, and guide wheels are arranged at the lower ends of the upright posts 23 and move on the guide rails 22.

The round tube 12 falls on the tube bearing plate 27, a hole with a pin groove is formed in the center of the tube bearing plate 27, a first bull-nose wheel or a first universal wheel is arranged below the periphery of the tube bearing plate 27 and falls on the base plate 29, a round hole is formed in the center of the base plate 29, a poking shaft 28 is arranged in the round hole, a pin is arranged at the upper end of the poking shaft 28, the poking shaft 28 is inserted into the hole with the pin groove of the tube bearing plate 27 and driven by a motor to drive the tube bearing plate 27 and the round tube 12 to rotate.

Example 2 (pipe not rotating, welding torch rotating for welding)

Like embodiment 1, see fig. 13-fig. 21, the difference is that the pipe falls on the ground, and during the welding, the pipe does not rotate, and welder rotates, and the traveller must be located the pipe center this moment, for this reason, except that installation motor and gear 35 on the collection board, still need install horizontal and vertical centering system additional, and its purpose is when placing, and the traveller does not fall in the pipe center, and horizontal and vertical centering system can make the traveller move to the pipe center automatically.

The upper end of the sliding column 26 is connected with a junction plate 41 in a sliding way, the center of the junction plate 41 is provided with a hole, the sliding column 26 can slide up and down in the hole of the junction plate 26, and the junction plate 26 is provided with a motor and a gear 35 to drive the sliding column 26 to rotate in the junction plate 41; the junction plate 41 is provided with a transverse centering system 42 and a vertical centering system 43; the transverse centering system 42 and the vertical centering system 43 respectively comprise a straight rod 42-1, a rod sleeve 42-2, a connecting piece 42-3, an insulating block 42-4, a conductive block 42-5, a lead screw 42-6 and a motor 42-7, and the rod sleeve 42-2 falls on the circular tube 12. The conductive block 42-5 is connected with a control system through a lead; when centering, the motor 42-7 in the centering system rotates to make the rod sleeve 42-2 move towards the circular tube 12, when one rod sleeve 42-2 touches the circular tube 12, the rod sleeve 42-2 is blocked by the circular tube 12, but the motor 42-7 still rotates, so that the straight rod, the convergence plate 41 and the sliding column 26 in the central hole of the convergence plate 41 move towards the center of the circular tube 12, when the other rod sleeve 42-2 also touches the circular tube 12, the sliding column 26 is positioned at the central position of the circular tube 12, at this time, the two conductive blocks 42-5 both contact the circular tube 12, the conducting wires connected with the two conductive blocks 42-5 are connected with the circular tube 12, the control system connected with the conducting wires stops the motor 42-7 in the centering system from rotating, and at this time, the sliding column 26 is positioned at the central position of the circular tube 12 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

The motor and the gear 35 installed on the convergence plate 41 drive the sliding column 26 to rotate in the convergence plate 41, and the sliding column 26 drives the two wire feeders 1 and the two welding guns A and B to rotate and weld. The circular tube does not need to rotate, and the tube bearing plate 27, the pulling shaft 28, the connected motor and other parts can be omitted.

Example 3 (welding torch rotating without rotating pipe)

The weldment is shown in fig. 3-8: the round tube plate 12 is 30mm thick, the support plate 13 is 30mm thick, and a 30-degree groove is formed.

As shown in fig. 22 to 24, the welding device for welding the single-side V-groove weldment with uneven groove gap according to the present embodiment includes an electric welding machine, welding guns and a welding gun tracking device, where the welding guns include a welding gun a and a welding gun B, and A, B welding guns are used for welding; the welding gun A is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism A; the welding gun B is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism B; the distance between the welding wire end A of the welding gun A and the welding wire end B of the welding gun B is adjustable; the molten pools of torch A and torch B are fused together.

In this embodiment, the weldment is a single-side V-groove, and a welding gun with an air nozzle having an outer diameter of 16 mm is used. For the single-side V-shaped groove, the welding wire in the welding gun A points to the point A at the position of the circular tube 12 at an angle (30 degrees in the embodiment) which is approximately parallel to the groove surface of the supporting plate 13, the thickness of the circular tube 12 is 30mm, and larger welding parameters including welding current 350A and welding voltage 35V can be used; the backup pad has the groove, and B welder's welding wire is with the backup pad plane nearly vertically angle point B of backup pad position, and the thick of 8 millimeters departments of distance of B point and groove edge is 14mm, and the welding parameter of setting for is: welding current 300A, welding voltage 30V, and keeping distance L of point B from the edge of the groove at 8 mm in the welding process.

In the embodiment, the welding gun A is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism A, so that the welding wire A in the welding gun A can be aligned to the welding wire contact part A set by the circular tube; the welding gun B is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism B, so that a welding wire B in the welding gun B can be aligned to a welding wire contact part B set in the groove of the support plate; the positions of the welding guns can be adjusted by the welding guns A and B respectively, and the welding guns are not influenced by each other.

And adjusting the distance between the welding wire end A of the welding gun A and the welding wire end B of the welding gun B to be 15 mm.

And adhering a flexible welding liner to the steel plate by using a piece of adhesive cloth with one surface under the groove, wherein the flexible welding liner is a ceramic fiber rope.

The welding trolley is very widely used, the welding gun clamp is arranged on the trolley, the welding gun is inserted into the welding gun clamp and locked by the nut, the welding trolley is provided with the fine adjustment mechanism, the height and the horizontal position of the welding wire and the angle of the welding wire relative to a welding seam can be adjusted, and the welding trolley is very convenient.

Because some supporting plates are narrow and smaller than the wheel track of the welding trolley, and wheels on the outer side of the welding trolley are suspended through the supporting plates, a trolley walking plate is placed on the supporting plates, the diameter of the trolley walking plate is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the round pipe, so that the welding trolley can walk on the trolley walking plate by adhering to the inner wall of the round pipe, and the central shaft 10 is arranged at the central part of the trolley walking plate 3. A wire feeder placing plate 2 is arranged on the trolley walking plate 3, a second ball wheel or a second universal wheel is arranged on the back of the wire feeder placing plate 2, a hole is arranged in the center of the wire feeder placing plate 2 and falls into a central shaft 10 of the trolley walking plate, so that the wire feeder placing plate 2 can rotate on the trolley walking plate 3 around the central shaft 10, a nut is arranged at the uppermost end of the central shaft of the trolley walking plate welding machine, two wire feeders A and B are arranged on a wire feeder placing plate 2, the two wire feeders A and B are inclined upwards by a frame beam 8 and a frame column 11, two welding guns A and B extending from the wire feeders, a fine adjustment mechanism A and a fine adjustment mechanism B are arranged on a welding gun plate 17, two horizontal tracking wheels 16 extending from a welding trolley are abutted against the inner wall of a circular tube, the welding trolley is provided with a shaft sleeve, a shaft rod 15 of the vertical tracking wheel penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the top end of the shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel is connected with a welding gun plate 17, and a wheel body at the bottom falls on the supporting plate 13.

The welding gun plate is arranged at the upper end of the vertical tracking axle rod, the welding gun A passes through the A fine adjustment mechanism, and the welding gun B passes through the B fine adjustment mechanism and falls on the welding gun plate; a wire feeding machine placing plate 2 is provided with a wire coil column 34, the upper end of the wire coil column 34 is provided with a wire passing coil 33, the center of the wire passing coil 33 is provided with a hole, a threading coil 31 is arranged above the wire passing coil 33, and the back of the threading coil 31 is provided with a third ball wheel or a third universal wheel, so that the wire passing coil 31 falls on the wire passing coil 33; a hole is formed in the center of the threading disc 31, and a control cable, a welding cable and the air pipe 30 of the wire feeder pass through the hole in the center of the threading disc 33 and the hole in the center of the threading disc 31; the tray columns 34 are also used for loading and carrying.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A welding method of a single-side V-shaped groove weldment with uneven groove gap is characterized by comprising the following steps: two welding guns are adopted for welding, the molten pools of the welding gun A and the welding gun B are fused together, and the distance between the welding wire end A of the welding gun A and the welding wire end B of the welding gun B is adjustable; attaching a flexible welding gasket on the back of the welding surface; determining the position of a welding wire contact point on a weldment, adjusting the angle between the welding wire of a welding gun A and the weldment through a fine adjustment mechanism A, and aligning the welding wire to the position of the welding wire contact point; and adjusting the angle of the welding wire of the welding gun B and the weldment through the fine adjustment mechanism B, and aligning the welding wire to the position of the welding wire contact point.

2. The welding method of the single-side V-groove weldment with uneven groove gap according to claim 1, wherein: when the single-side V-shaped groove of the circular tube and the supporting plate is welded, the welding method specifically comprises the following steps: the welding wire in the welding gun A points to a point A of the round tube plate at an angle approximately parallel to the bevel face of the support plate, and the point A is 2-8 mm above the bottom edge of the support plate; the welding wire of the welding gun B points to the point B of the support plate at an angle which is approximately vertical to the plane of the support plate, and corresponding welding current and welding voltage are set according to the plate thickness of the point B; and measuring the distance L between the point B and the edge of the groove, and keeping the distance L in the welding process.

3. The welding method of the single-side V-groove weldment with uneven groove gap according to claim 1, wherein: when the flat plate with the V-shaped groove is in butt joint welding, the welding method specifically comprises the following steps: the welding wire in the welding gun A and the welding wire of the welding gun B point to the point A of the flat plate 1 or the point B of the flat plate 2 at an angle which is approximately vertical to the flat plate plane, and the corresponding welding current and the corresponding welding voltage of the welding gun A and the welding gun B are set according to the plate thickness of the point A or the point B; and measuring the distance L between the point A and the edge of the flat plate groove or the distance L between the point B and the edge of the flat wire feeder placing plate groove, and keeping the distance L in the welding process.

4. The welding device of the welding method of the unilateral V-groove weldment with uneven groove gap according to claim 1, characterized in that: the welding machine comprises an electric welding machine, welding guns and a welding gun tracking device, wherein the welding guns comprise a welding gun A and a welding gun B, and A, B welding guns are adopted for welding; the welding gun A is arranged on the welding gun tracking device through the A fine adjustment mechanism; the welding gun B is arranged on the welding gun tracking device through the B fine adjustment mechanism; the distance between the welding wire end A of the welding gun A and the welding wire end B of the welding gun B is adjustable; the molten pools of torch A and torch B are fused together.

5. The welding device of claim 4 for welding single-sided V-groove weldments with uneven groove gaps, characterized in that: the welding gun tracking device comprises a guide rod, a guide sleeve, a plate shaft, a spring and a welding gun plate; the guide rod is arranged at the lower end of the sliding column, and a spring and a guide sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the guide rod; a plate shaft is arranged on the guide sleeve; the upper end of the plate shaft is inserted into a hole of the welding gun plate, the welding gun plate can slide up and down along the plate shaft, and the A fine adjustment mechanism and the B fine adjustment mechanism are both arranged on the welding gun plate.

6. The welding device of claim 5 for welding single-sided V-groove weldments with uneven groove gaps, characterized in that: extending the welding gun plate out of the two horizontal tracking wheels; under the push of the spring and the guide sleeve, the two horizontal tracking wheels cling to the inner arm of the circular tube, so that the horizontal distance between the welding wire of the welding gun A and the welded circular tube is kept unchanged; the method comprises the steps that a laser ranging element is arranged above a groove, the distance from a shudi board to the laser ranging element is measured, the ranging element performs reciprocating scanning in the horizontal direction, when the edge of the groove is scanned, the distance is changed, the output data of a displacement sensor in contact are changed, the output data of the displacement sensor are sent to a servo system, a motor of the servo system rotates, a welding gun B is enabled to automatically move for a preset distance, welding is performed, and the horizontal distance L between the welding wire of the welding gun B and the edge of the groove of a welded supporting plate is kept unchanged; the front end of the guide rod is provided with a shaft sleeve, a shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the top end of the shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel is connected with the welding gun plate, and the wheel body at the bottom falls on the supporting plate.

7. The welding device of claim 5 for welding single-sided V-groove weldments with uneven groove gaps, characterized in that: the guide rod is connected with a hollow sliding column, two wire feeders are arranged on the sliding column, a control cable, a welding cable and an air pipe of the wire feeders are arranged in a central hole of the sliding column, and the sliding column slides up and down in the sliding beam; the sliding beam slides left and right in the cross beam, the cross beam is arranged at the upper ends of the two upright posts, and the lower ends of the upright posts are provided with guide wheels and move on the guide rails; the pipe weldment falls on the pipe-bearing plate, and the pipe-bearing plate sets up in the base plate top, first bull wheel or first universal wheel are installed to the peripheral below of pipe-bearing plate, first bull wheel or first universal wheel fall on the base plate, and pipe-bearing plate center is provided with the hole of taking the cotter groove, and there is the round hole at the base plate center, is equipped with in the round hole at base plate center and dials the axle, dials the axle upper end and has the pin, and the skewer takes the downthehole of round pin, cotter groove in pipe-bearing plate center, dials the axle and is driven by the motor, and it is rotatory to drive pipe-bearing plate and pipe.

8. The welding device of claim 5 for welding single-sided V-groove weldments with uneven groove gaps, characterized in that: the upper end of the sliding column is connected with a converging plate in a sliding mode, the center of the converging plate is provided with a hole, the sliding column can slide up and down in the hole of the converging plate, and the converging plate is provided with a motor and a gear to drive the sliding column to rotate in the converging plate; the junction plate is provided with a transverse centering system and a vertical centering system, and the transverse centering system and the vertical centering system respectively comprise a straight rod, a rod sleeve, a connecting piece, an insulating block, a conductive block, a lead screw and a motor; the rod is sleeved on the circular tube; the conducting block is provided with a conducting wire connected to a control system; when centering, the motor in the centering system rotates to make the rod sleeve move towards the circular tube, when one rod sleeve touches the circular tube, the rod sleeve is blocked by the circular tube, but the motor still rotates to make the straight rod move towards the center of the circular tube together with the convergence plate and the sliding column in the central hole of the convergence plate, when the other rod sleeve also touches the circular tube, the sliding column is just at the central position of the circular tube, at the moment, the two conductive blocks are both contacted with the circular tube, the conducting wire connected with the two conductive blocks is connected by the circular tube, the control system connected with the conducting wire stops the rotation of the motor in the centering system, and at the moment, the sliding column is at the central position of the circular tube both horizontally and vertically.

9. The welding device of claim 5 for welding single-sided V-groove weldments with uneven groove gaps, characterized in that: the welding gun tracking device can also be a welding trolley, a trolley walking plate with the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the circular pipe is placed on the welding piece of the supporting plate, and the welding trolley can walk on the trolley walking plate by adhering to the inner wall of the circular pipe; the center of the trolley walking plate is provided with a central shaft; the wire feeder placing plate is arranged on the trolley walking plate, a second ball wheel or a second universal wheel is arranged on the back of the wire feeder placing plate, a hole is formed in the center of the wire feeder placing plate and falls into a central shaft of the trolley walking plate, so that the wire feeder placing plate can rotate on the trolley walking plate around the central shaft, and a nut is arranged at the uppermost end of the central shaft of the trolley walking plate welding machine; the wire feeder placing plate is provided with two wire feeders A and B, and the two welding guns A and B extending from the wire feeder A and the wire feeder B are arranged on the welding gun plate together with the micro-adjustment mechanism A and the micro-adjustment mechanism B; the wire feeder placing plate is provided with a frame beam and a frame column, and the A and B wire feeders are obliquely arranged on the wire feeder placing plate upwards through the frame beam and the frame column.

10. The welding device of claim 9 for welding single-sided V-groove weldments with uneven groove gap, characterized in that: the welding trolley extends out of the two horizontal tracking wheels and abuts against the inner wall of the circular tube, a shaft sleeve is arranged on the welding trolley, a shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the top end of the shaft rod of the vertical tracking wheel is connected with the welding gun plate, and a wheel body at the bottom falls on the supporting plate;

the welding gun plate is arranged at the upper end of the vertical tracking axle rod, the welding gun A passes through the A fine adjustment mechanism, and the welding gun B passes through the B fine adjustment mechanism and falls on the welding gun plate; the welding gun A passes through the A fine adjustment mechanism, and the welding gun B passes through the B fine adjustment mechanism and falls on the welding gun plate; the wire feeder placing plate is provided with a plate column, the upper end of the plate column is provided with a wire passing plate, the center of the wire passing plate is provided with a hole, a threading plate is arranged above the wire passing plate, and the back of the threading plate is provided with a third ball wheel or a third universal wheel, so that the threading plate falls on the wire passing plate; the center of the threading disc is provided with a hole, and a control cable, a welding cable and an air pipe of the wire feeder pass through the hole in the center of the threading disc and the hole in the center of the threading disc; the disc columns are simultaneously used for adjustment, assembly and transportation.

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