CN113116322A - Blood pressure measuring method and blood pressure measuring device - Google Patents
Blood pressure measuring method and blood pressure measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113116322A CN113116322A CN202010028017.3A CN202010028017A CN113116322A CN 113116322 A CN113116322 A CN 113116322A CN 202010028017 A CN202010028017 A CN 202010028017A CN 113116322 A CN113116322 A CN 113116322A
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/02108—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels from analysis of pulse wave characteristics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/02141—Details of apparatus construction, e.g. pump units or housings therefor, cuff pressurising systems, arrangements of fluid conduits or circuits
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
- A61B5/02233—Occluders specially adapted therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B5/725—Details of waveform analysis using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of blood pressure measurement, in particular to a blood pressure measuring method and blood pressure measuring equipment; the method is used in blood pressure measuring equipment, the blood pressure measuring equipment comprises an inflation and deflation device and an inflation air bag arranged in a cuff, the inflation and deflation device is connected with the inflation air bag, the method comprises the steps of controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate and deflate the inflation air bag firstly and then determining the size of the inflation air bag in a preparation stage; in the inflation stage, based on the size of the inflatable air bag, the inflation and deflation device is controlled to inflate the inflatable air bag and obtain a pressure signal in the cuff in the inflation process; and measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during the inflation process. The blood pressure measurement in the inflation process can shorten the measurement time, and the problem of poor comfort caused by inaccurate setting of the preset inflation pressure value is prevented on the premise of ensuring accurate measurement; the size of the inflatable air bag is determined after the inflatable air bag is inflated and then deflated, so that the hypotension object can be measured, and the measurement efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blood pressure measurement, in particular to a blood pressure measurement method and blood pressure measurement equipment.
Background
Blood pressure is the pressure of blood flowing in a blood vessel against the side of the blood vessel wall per unit area, and is an important basis for clinical diagnosis of diseases, observation of therapeutic effects, and the like, reflecting the appropriate condition of cardiac output or peripheral resistance. The non-invasive blood pressure measurement is a common blood pressure detection method, and the current clinical common non-invasive blood pressure measurement equipment mainly comprises a mercury sphygmomanometer and an electronic sphygmomanometer, and adopts an auscultation method and an oscillation method as measurement principles respectively.
At present, the measurement principle of the mainstream electronic sphygmomanometer is an oscillation method, and the oscillation wave is detected in the process of gradually reducing the cuff pressure, and then the blood pressure value is calculated. The measurement process can be simplified as follows: the cuff is inflated to a predetermined air pressure (which is higher than the systolic pressure of the subject and is hereinafter referred to as a pre-inflation pressure value), the air pressure of the cuff is gradually decreased, the amplitude variation of the oscillation wave in the air pressure of the cuff is detected, and the systolic pressure (hereinafter referred to as Sys) and the diastolic pressure (hereinafter referred to as Dia) are calculated based on the amplitude variation of the oscillation wave.
However, since the pre-charging pressure value is generally a default value (such as Sys of 160mmHg), which is likely to be much higher than that of the subject with hypotension (such as Sys of 100mmHg), the measured arm of the subject is numb and the comfort is poor; on the other hand, for a hypertensive subject (for example, Sys is 200mmHg), it is difficult to measure the blood pressure value by one inflation, and the blood pressure value can be calculated by two or more inflations, so that the measurement time is increased, and the comfort level is worse.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a blood pressure measuring method and a blood pressure measuring apparatus, so as to solve the problems of long blood pressure testing time and poor comfort.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a blood pressure measuring method used in a blood pressure measuring apparatus, the blood pressure measuring apparatus including an inflation/deflation device and an inflation balloon disposed in a cuff, the inflation/deflation device being connected to the inflation balloon, the method including:
in the preparation stage, the inflation and deflation device is controlled to inflate and deflate the inflatable air bag firstly, and the size of the inflatable air bag is determined;
in the inflation stage, based on the size of the inflatable airbag, the inflation and deflation device is controlled to inflate the inflatable airbag and obtain a pressure signal in the cuff in the inflation process;
and measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during the inflation process.
According to the blood pressure measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the size of the inflatable air bag is determined in an accurate stage, so that the determined size of the air bag can change along with the change of a subject, and the accuracy of the subsequent blood pressure measurement is guaranteed; meanwhile, the size of the inflatable air bag is determined after the inflatable air bag is inflated and then deflated, and due to the existence of the deflation stage, the measuring method can measure some hypotension objects, namely lower diastolic pressure, and multiple measurements are avoided so as to improve the measuring efficiency. The measurement that carries out blood pressure at the inflation in-process can shorten measuring time on the one hand, and on the other hand can avoid predetermineeing the setting of inflating the pressure value under guaranteeing to measure accurate prerequisite to prevent to predetermine the inaccurate problem that leads to of comfort level that sets up of inflating the pressure value.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first embodiment of the first aspect, the controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag based on the size of the inflatable airbag during the inflation phase includes:
determining an inflation rate based on a size of the inflatable bladder during an inflation phase;
and controlling the inflation and deflation device to linearly inflate the inflatable air bag at the inflation speed.
According to the blood pressure measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the inflation rate is determined by utilizing the size of the inflatable air bag, and the inflatable air bag is inflated linearly at the determined inflation rate, so that the pressure in the inflatable air bag can be increased at a stable rate, and the accuracy of blood pressure measurement can be improved.
With reference to the first aspect and the first embodiment, in a second embodiment of the first aspect, the measuring blood pressure during the inflation phase according to the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation includes:
performing band-pass filtering processing on the pressure signal to detect the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave in each period;
carrying out low-pass filtering processing on the pressure signal to obtain the static pressure of the pulse wave in each period;
and calculating a blood pressure value based on the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave in each period and the static pressure.
With reference to the second embodiment of the first aspect, in a third embodiment of the first aspect, the calculating a blood pressure value based on the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave in each period and the static pressure includes:
combining the main peak amplitude of each period and the static pressure to obtain pulse data of the pulse wave in each period;
sequencing all the pulse data according to the static pressure to form a pulse envelope curve;
and calculating the blood pressure value by using the pulse envelope curve.
With reference to the second embodiment of the first aspect, in a fourth embodiment of the first aspect, before the step of measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation, the method further comprises:
judging whether the pressure in the cuff is smaller than a first pressure value or not;
and when the pressure in the cuff is smaller than the first pressure value, executing the step of calculating the blood pressure value based on the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave in each period and the static pressure.
According to the blood pressure measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the pressure in the cuff is judged before the blood pressure value is calculated, so that the safety of measurement is ensured.
With reference to the third embodiment of the first aspect, in a fifth embodiment of the first aspect, the measuring the blood pressure during the inflation phase according to the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation further includes:
judging whether pulse data needs to be supplemented or not based on the calculation result of the blood pressure value;
when pulse data needs to be supplemented, judging whether the pressure in the cuff is greater than or equal to a second pressure value;
when the pressure in the cuff is larger than or equal to a second pressure value, controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to obtain the supplementary pulse data;
calculating the blood pressure value based on the supplemental pulse data.
According to the blood pressure measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, if the blood pressure value (for example, diastolic pressure) is not obtained by calculation in the inflation stage, the blood pressure value is calculated by supplementing pulse data in the deflation stage, so that the accuracy of the measurement result can be improved.
With reference to the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, in the sixth embodiment of the first aspect, the controlling the inflation and deflation device to deflate the inflatable airbag to obtain the supplemental pulse data includes:
searching positions where the difference value of the static pressure of the pulse waves of two adjacent periods is greater than a preset value in the pulse envelope curve in sequence;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to deflate the inflatable air bag until the pressure in the cuff is between the static pressure of two adjacent pulse waves corresponding to the searched position;
and detecting the pressure signal in the cuff so as to obtain corresponding supplementary pulse data.
With reference to the fourth embodiment of the first aspect, in the seventh embodiment of the first aspect, the measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation further comprises:
determining a pre-charge pressure value based on pulse data when the pressure within the cuff is greater than or equal to the first pressure value;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag until the pressure in the cuff is the pre-charging pressure value;
and controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to measure the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff in the deflation process.
According to the blood pressure measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the pre-charging pressure value is determined by utilizing the pulse data, so that the accuracy of setting the pre-charging pressure value can be ensured. The pulse data are different according to different testees, and the pulse data corresponding to each testee are used for setting the pre-charging pressure value, so that the problem of poor comfort caused by inaccurate setting of the pre-charging pressure value can be solved.
With reference to the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, in the eighth embodiment of the first aspect, the measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation further comprises:
determining a pre-charge pressure value based on the pulse data when supplemental pulse data is not needed, or when the pressure within the cuff is less than the second pressure value, or when the blood pressure value cannot be calculated based on the supplemental pulse data;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag until the pressure in the cuff is the pre-charging pressure value;
and controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to measure the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff in the deflation process.
With reference to the second embodiment of the first aspect, in a ninth embodiment of the first aspect, the measuring blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation further comprises:
determining a pre-charging pressure value based on the pulse data when the duration of the pressure in the cuff higher than the third pressure value is greater than a preset time interval; wherein the pulse data is a combination of the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave at each period and the static pressure;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag until the pressure in the cuff is the pre-charging pressure value;
and controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to measure the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff in the deflation process.
With reference to any one of the seventh to ninth embodiments of the first aspect, in a tenth embodiment of the first aspect, the determining a pre-charge pressure value based on the pulse data includes:
inquiring the maximum static pressure in the pulse data and the position of the maximum static pressure in the pulse envelope curve;
calculating a slope of the pulse envelope curve from the location of the maximum resting pressure to the last resting pressure in the pulse envelope curve;
determining the pulse amplitude corresponding to the systolic pressure in the pulse envelope curve by using the maximum static pressure;
calculating the pre-charge pressure value based on the pulse amplitude and the slope.
With reference to any one of the seventh to ninth embodiments of the first aspect, in an eleventh embodiment of the first aspect, the determining a pre-charge pressure value based on the pulse data includes:
determining a static pressure corresponding to the systolic pressure in the pulse envelope curve;
based on the static pressure, the pre-charge pressure value is calculated.
With reference to the first aspect, in a twelfth implementation manner of the first aspect, the controlling, in the preparation phase, the inflation and deflation device to inflate and deflate the inflatable airbag first and then to determine the size of the inflatable airbag includes:
controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag in a preparation stage, and detecting first time corresponding to the increase of the pressure in the cuff to a first preset pressure value;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to deflate the inflatable air bag, and detecting corresponding second time when the pressure in the cuff is reduced from the first preset pressure value to a second preset pressure value;
comparing the minimum of the first time and the second time with a preset time to determine the size grade of the inflatable airbag; wherein the preset time corresponds to the size grade of the inflatable air bag.
According to the blood pressure measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the size grade of the inflatable air bag is determined by inflating and then deflating the inflatable air bag, and the measurement method can measure some hypotension objects, namely lower diastolic pressure, due to the existence of the deflation stage, so that multiple measurements are avoided, and the measurement efficiency is improved.
According to a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a blood pressure measuring apparatus, including:
a cuff and an inflatable air bag arranged in the cuff;
the inflation and deflation device is connected with the inflatable air bag and is used for realizing inflation and deflation of the inflatable air bag;
the controller is in communication connection with the air charging and discharging device;
a memory also communicatively coupled to the controller; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the controller to cause the controller to perform a blood pressure measurement method as described in the first aspect of the invention, or any embodiment of the first aspect.
According to the blood pressure measuring equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the size of the inflatable air bag is determined in an accurate stage, so that the determined size of the air bag can change along with the change of a subject, and the accuracy of the subsequent blood pressure measurement is guaranteed; meanwhile, the size of the inflatable air bag is determined after the inflatable air bag is inflated and then deflated, and due to the existence of the deflation stage, the measuring method can measure some hypotension objects, namely lower diastolic pressure, and multiple measurements are avoided so as to improve the measuring efficiency. The measurement that carries out blood pressure at the inflation in-process can shorten measuring time on the one hand, and on the other hand can avoid predetermineeing the setting of inflating the pressure value under guaranteeing to measure accurate prerequisite to prevent to predetermine the inaccurate problem that leads to of comfort level that sets up of inflating the pressure value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing a blood pressure measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a blood pressure measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a blood pressure measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of cuff pressure versus time in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a blood pressure measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a blood pressure measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a blood pressure measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a blood pressure measuring apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, which includes a cuff (not shown), an inflatable air bag 1 disposed in the cuff, an inflation/deflation device 2, a controller 3, and a memory 4 communicatively connected to the controller 3.
The inflation and deflation device 2 is connected with the inflatable air bag 1 and is used for realizing inflation and deflation of the inflatable air bag 1. Optionally, the inflation and deflation device 2 comprises an air pump and an air valve, wherein the action of the air pump is used for inflating the inflatable air bag 1 or extracting air from the inflatable air bag 1; the air valve is used for opening or closing an air path between the air pump and the inflatable air bag 1. When the air valve is opened, the air pump can inflate the inflatable air bag 1 or extract air from the inflatable air bag 1; when the air valve is closed, the air path between the air pump and the inflatable air bag 1 is closed.
The controller 3 is in communication connection with the inflation and deflation device 2 and is used for controlling the action of the inflation and deflation device. The memory 4 is in communication with the controller 3, and stores instructions executable by the controller 3, the instructions being executed by the controller 3 to cause the controller to perform the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiments of the present invention. In particular, the memory 4, as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, may be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the blood pressure measurement method in the embodiments of the present application. The controller 3 executes various functional applications and data processing by executing non-transitory software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 4, so as to implement the blood pressure measurement method described in the embodiment of the present invention.
The memory 4 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to use of a processing device operated by the server, and the like. Further, the memory 4 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 5 optionally includes memory located remotely from the controller 3, and these remote memories may be connected to the controller via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The blood pressure measuring device in the embodiment of the invention can measure the blood pressure in the inflation stage and takes the step deflation measurement as a supplementary measuring method according to the requirement. Compared with the prior art, the method has short measuring time and improves the comfort level of the blood pressure measurement of the subject. In an alternative embodiment, an oscillation method is taken as a measurement principle, when the cuff is inflated, the oscillation wave signal contained in the cuff pressure signal is detected, the change of the amplitude of the oscillation wave along with the change of the cuff air pressure is monitored, whether the Dia and Sys of the subject can be calculated is judged, and once the situation that the Sys of the subject can be calculated is confirmed, the inflation is immediately finished; if Dia can be calculated at the same time, ending the measurement; otherwise, reducing the air pressure of the cuff, detecting the oscillation wave in the process of reducing the air pressure, supplementing the oscillation wave required by calculating the diastolic pressure, and ending the measurement only when the diastolic pressure can be calculated; if the Dia and Sys of the subject cannot be calculated in the above two phases (cuff inflation phase and cuff decompression supplementary oscillation wave phase), the measurement is performed by the prior art. Therefore, the problem that the comfort is poor due to the fact that the specified pre-inflation pressure value is far larger than or smaller than Sys is avoided, the blood pressure measurement duration is shortened, and the comfort of the tested object in the blood pressure measurement process is improved.
Furthermore, the blood pressure can be measured in the inflation stage and the supplementary measurement can be carried out in the step deflation stage, and if the blood pressure value is not measured, the pre-inflation pressure value required by the pulse data acquired in the inflation stage can be estimated. After the pre-charge pressure value is estimated, step deflation is performed to measure the blood pressure value.
Based on this, the blood pressure measuring method according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:
(1) measuring blood pressure values (including systolic and diastolic pressures) directly during the inflation phase;
(2) measuring systolic pressure in an inflation stage, and acquiring supplementary pulse data in a deflation stage to measure diastolic pressure;
(3) and estimating a pre-charging pressure value by using pulse data in the charging stage, and measuring a blood pressure value by using step deflation of the pre-charging pressure value.
The blood pressure measuring method described in the embodiment of the present invention takes less time to measure the blood pressure than the conventional existing blood pressure measuring method, for example, the method can complete the blood pressure measurement in about 15 seconds. Because the blood pressure is measured preferentially in the cuff inflation stage, if the blood pressure value can be calculated, the measurement is ended; if only a small amount of pulse information needs to be supplemented, measurement is carried out in a step deflation supplementing mode, so that the measurement time can be effectively shortened, and the comfort of the tested object is improved. The blood pressure measuring method will be described in detail below.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a blood pressure measurement method embodiment, it is noted that the steps illustrated in the flowchart of the drawings may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that while a logical order is illustrated in the flowchart, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than here.
In the present embodiment, a blood pressure measuring method is provided, which can be used in the blood pressure measuring device, and fig. 2 is a flowchart of the blood pressure measuring method according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the flowchart includes the following steps:
and S11, controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate and deflate the inflatable air bag firstly in the preparation stage, and determining the size of the inflatable air bag.
Due to individual differences among subjects, the inflatable balloon size of the same inflatable balloon is different for different subjects. Therefore, it is necessary to size the inflatable balloon prior to blood pressure measurement to accommodate different subjects. In the embodiment of the present invention, the stage of determining the size of the inflatable balloon before the blood pressure measurement is referred to as a preparation stage.
It should be noted that the size of the inflatable bladder in the embodiments of the present invention refers to the size of the inflatable portion of the inflatable bladder when the cuff is fixed to the subject, and does not refer to the size of the inflatable portion of the inflatable bladder when the cuff is not fixed.
The inflatable air bag determined in the preparation stage is determined by controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate and deflate the inflatable air bag firstly and then deflate the inflatable air bag. Due to the existence of the deflation stage, the measurement method can measure some hypotension subjects, namely measure lower diastolic pressure, and avoid multiple measurements to improve measurement efficiency.
And S12, controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable air bag based on the size of the inflatable air bag in the inflation stage and acquiring a pressure signal in the cuff in the inflation process.
After the blood pressure measuring device determines the size of the inflatable air bag in the preparation stage, the inflatable air bag can be inflated based on the inflation and deflation device in the inflation stage. Meanwhile, in the inflation process, the pressure signal in the cuff is measured in real time by the measuring device, and the blood pressure can be measured subsequently based on the pressure signal. The measuring device can be a pressure sensor arranged in the cuff, or other measuring devices, the specific structure of the measuring device is not limited at all, and only the measuring device can measure the pressure signal in the cuff.
As an alternative embodiment of this embodiment, the step of controlling the inflation/deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag during the inflation phase based on the size of the inflatable airbag may comprise the following steps:
(1) the inflation rate is determined during the inflation phase based on the size of the inflated airbag.
The blood pressure measuring apparatus may set in advance a correspondence relationship between the size of the inflatable balloon and the inflation rate, and after the size of the inflatable balloon is determined in S11, the correspondence relationship may be searched to quickly determine the inflation rate corresponding to the inflatable balloon. For example, the size of the inflatable bladders may be graded, with each grade corresponding to an inflation rate.
(2) And controlling the inflation and deflation device to linearly inflate the inflatable air bag at the inflation speed.
The blood pressure measuring device controls the inflation and deflation means to inflate the inflatable balloon at the inflation rate after determining the inflation rate. The inflation rate can be controlled in various control ways in order to try to increase the cuff pressure at an approximately steady, i.e. linear, rate during inflation. For example, the control can be realized through a compensation type open-loop control structure, and particularly, when the cuff pressure is small, a larger inflation rate can be adopted; when the cuff pressure is higher, a smaller inflation rate is adopted; the control can also be performed by a closed loop control structure with an offset adjustment type, specifically, the inflation rate can be dynamically adjusted by PID control, etc., and the manner of controlling the inflation rate is not limited herein.
And S13, measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during the inflation process.
As described above, blood pressure may be measured during inflation; measurement can also be performed in combination with supplementary pulse data obtained in the deflation phase; or the pulse data obtained in the inflation process is used for estimating the pre-charging pressure value, and the measurement is abandoned by using the steps. Specific methods will be described in detail in the examples below.
According to the blood pressure measuring method, the size of the inflatable air bag is determined at an accurate stage, so that the determined size of the air bag can change along with the change of a subject, and the accuracy of subsequent blood pressure measurement is guaranteed; meanwhile, the size of the inflatable air bag is determined after the inflatable air bag is inflated and then deflated, and due to the existence of the deflation stage, the measuring method can measure some hypotension objects, namely lower diastolic pressure, and multiple measurements are avoided so as to improve the measuring efficiency. The measurement that carries out blood pressure at the inflation in-process can shorten measuring time on the one hand, and on the other hand can avoid predetermineeing the setting of inflating the pressure value under guaranteeing to measure accurate prerequisite to prevent to predetermine the inaccurate problem that leads to of comfort level that sets up of inflating the pressure value.
It should be noted that the step of measuring the blood pressure based on the pressure signal in the cuff during the inflation step described in S13 includes not only the step of directly measuring the blood pressure during the inflation step; measuring systolic pressure in an inflation stage, and acquiring supplementary pulse data in a deflation stage to measure diastolic pressure; and estimating a pre-charging pressure value by using pulse data in the inflation stage, and performing step deflation to measure a blood pressure value by using the pre-charging pressure value. The detailed description of the above 3 cases will be made in order in the following examples.
In the present embodiment, a blood pressure measuring method is provided, which can be used in the blood pressure measuring device. In this embodiment, taking the blood pressure value measured in the inflation phase as an example, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a blood pressure measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the flowchart includes the following steps:
and S21, controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate and deflate the inflatable air bag firstly in the preparation stage, and determining the size of the inflatable air bag.
The preparation phase is used to obtain the size of the inflated airbag and determine the inflation rate based on the size of the inflated airbag. See figure 4 for the pressure in the cuff over time during the preparation phase. As shown in fig. 4, in the preparatory phase, the pressure in the cuff rises first and then falls.
Specifically, the above S21 includes the following steps:
s211, controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag in the preparation stage, and detecting the first time corresponding to the increase of the pressure in the cuff to the first preset pressure value.
The blood pressure measuring device utilizes an inflation and deflation device to inflate an inflatable air bag to a first preset pressure value (hereinafter represented by PA), and records a first time (hereinafter represented by TA) required by the pressure in the cuff to reach the PA when the inflation is started in the process of inflating the inflatable air bag to the PA. The PA may be one pressure value (e.g., 40mmHg) or a set of pressure values (e.g., 40mmHg, 60mmHg, 80mmHg), and the number of PAs is not limited, and it is only required to ensure that PA corresponds to TA. The value for PA can be any value between 40mmHg and 80 mmHg.
S212, controlling the inflation and deflation device to deflate the inflatable air bag, and detecting a second time corresponding to the pressure in the cuff being reduced from the first preset pressure value to a second preset pressure value.
The blood pressure measuring device deflates the inflatable balloon to reduce the pressure of the cuff to a second preset pressure value (hereinafter referred to as PB), wherein the value of PB depends on the lower limit of the measurable Dia to ensure that an extremely low blood pressure (for example, Dia is 20 mmHg) can be measured during the pressurization process, and the typical value may be a value between 10mmHg and 40 mmHg.
In the process of reducing the cuff pressure to PB, the blood pressure measuring apparatus counts from the time of reducing (or deflating) the cuff pressure to PB, and records the time TB required for the cuff pressure to reach PB. The PB may be one pressure value (e.g., 10mmHg) or a set of pressure values (e.g., 10mmHg, 20mmHg, 30mmHg, etc.), and the number of the PB is not limited, and it is only required to ensure that the TB corresponds to the PB.
And S213, comparing the minimum value of the first time and the second time with a preset time to determine the size grade of the inflatable air bag.
Wherein the preset time corresponds to the size grade of the inflatable air bag.
The blood pressure measurement device may estimate the size of the inflatable bladder based on TA and TB, where the size rating of the inflatable bladder is estimated based on the size of TA and TB. For example, the size of the inflatable airbag may be classified into 5 grades L1 to L5, and the higher the grade is, the larger the volume of the inflatable airbag is. Here, when only one pressure value is provided for PA and PB (i.e., only one value for each of TA and TB), the 5 ranks may be divided as follows:
l1: when min (TA, TB) < t1, t1 can take any value between 1.2s and 1.6 s;
l2: when t1< ═ min (TA, TB) < t2, t2 can take any value between 2.2s and 2.6 s;
l3: when t2< ═ min (TA, TB) < t3, t3 can take any value between 3.4s and 3.6 s;
l4: when t3< ═ min (TA, TB) < t4, t4 can take any value between 4.2s and 4.5 s;
L5：min(TA，TB)>＝t4；
where min (TA, TB) represents the smaller of TA and TB.
And S22, controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable air bag based on the size of the inflatable air bag in the inflation stage and acquiring a pressure signal in the cuff in the inflation process.
The blood pressure measuring equipment firstly determines the inflation rate based on the size of the inflatable air bag in the inflation stage, and then controls the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable air bag at the inflation rate. Specifically, when the inflatable airbag in the cuff is inflated, the cuff pressure is generally required to be increased at an approximately steady rate as much as possible to ensure the uniformity of the acquired pulse signal, so that the target inflation rate TargetSpeed of slow inflation in the current measurement needs to be determined in advance. After the blood pressure measuring apparatus acquires the size of the inflatable balloon in S21, TargetSpeed may be determined as follows, but is not limited to this example:
(1) when the inflatable air bag is in the size grade L1, the TargetSpeed is 6 mmHg;
(2) when the inflatable air bag is in the size grade L2, the TargetSpeed is 8 mmHg;
(3) when the inflatable air bag is in the size grade L3, the TargetSpeed is 10 mmHg;
(4) when the inflatable air bag is in the size grade L4, the TargetSpeed is 12 mmHg;
(5) when the inflatable balloon size rating is L5, TargetSpeed is 14 mmHg.
For the rest, please refer to S12 in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, which is not described herein again.
And S23, measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during the inflation process.
Specifically, the above S23 includes the following steps:
and S231, performing band-pass filtering processing on the pressure signal to detect the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave in each period.
The blood pressure measuring device can record the change of the pressure in the cuff by using the pressure sensor to obtain a pressure Signal All _ Signal 1. For example, reference may be made to the inflation phase of fig. 4, which shows the pressure within the cuff over time during the inflation phase.
The blood pressure measuring device performs band-pass filtering processing on All _ Signal1 to obtain an oscillation wave Signal capable of reflecting pulse changes, which is also called a pressure pulse wave Signal, and detects the main peak amplitude PulseAmp of the pulse waves of which the pulse waves change in each period.
And S232, carrying out low-pass filtering processing on the pressure signal to obtain the static pressure of the pulse wave in each period.
And (4) carrying out low-pass filtering processing on All _ Signal1 to obtain the static pressure Pulse _ Press of the Pulse wave in each period.
S233, a blood pressure value is calculated based on the main peak amplitude and the static pressure of the pulse wave in each period.
After obtaining the main peak amplitude and the static pressure value of the pulse wave in each period, the blood pressure measuring device may calculate the blood pressure value by using an amplitude coefficient method, a waveform characteristic method, a variable amplitude coefficient method, an inflection point method, or the like. The specific method of calculating the blood pressure value is not limited in any way herein.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the S233 includes:
(1) and combining the main peak amplitude and the static pressure of each period to obtain pulse data of the pulse wave in each period.
The blood pressure measurement device combines the Pulse amp obtained in S231 and the Pulse _ Press obtained in S232 into (Pulse _ Press (i), Pulse amp (i)) and represents the Pulse data of the i-th cycle.
(2) All pulse data are sorted according to static pressure to form a pulse envelope curve.
The blood pressure measuring equipment sorts all Pulse data from small to large according to Pulse _ Press, and then a series of obtained Pulse _ Press (i) and Pulse Amp (i) are fitted into an envelope curve.
(3) And calculating the blood pressure value by using the pulse envelope curve.
After obtaining the pulse envelope curve, the blood pressure measuring device may use the method described in S23 to find Sys and Dia on the fitted pulse envelope curve; when Sys and Dia are found, it indicates that the blood pressure value can be calculated.
In this embodiment, a blood pressure measuring method is provided, which can be used in the blood pressure measuring device, and in this embodiment, the blood pressure value can be calculated only by supplementing the pulse data during the deflation phase. Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a blood pressure measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the flowchart includes the steps of:
and S31, controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate and deflate the inflatable air bag firstly in the preparation stage, and determining the size of the inflatable air bag.
Please refer to S21 in fig. 3 for details, which are not described herein.
And S32, controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable air bag based on the size of the inflatable air bag in the inflation stage and acquiring a pressure signal in the cuff in the inflation process.
Please refer to S22 in fig. 3 for details, which are not described herein.
And S33, judging whether the pressure in the cuff is smaller than the first pressure value.
The blood pressure measuring device measures the pressure in the cuff by using the pressure sensor, and executes S34 when the pressure in the cuff is smaller than a first pressure value; otherwise, S39 is executed.
And S34, measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during the inflation process.
Specifically, the above S34 includes the following steps:
s341, performing band-pass filtering on the pressure signal to detect the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave in each period.
Please refer to S231 in fig. 3 for details, which are not described herein.
And S342, performing low-pass filtering processing on the pressure signal to obtain the static pressure of the pulse wave in each period.
Please refer to S232 of the embodiment shown in fig. 3 for details, which are not described herein.
S343, a blood pressure value is calculated based on the main peak amplitude and the static pressure of the pulse wave in each cycle.
For example, the blood pressure value may be calculated using the calculation principle of the amplitude coefficient method. As mentioned above, when Sys and Dia are found on the pulse envelope curve, the representation can calculate the blood pressure value. In this embodiment, it is exemplified that Sys can be found, but Dia cannot be found.
S35, it is determined whether or not pulse data needs to be supplemented based on the calculation result of the blood pressure value.
When the blood pressure measuring device can find Sys on the pulse envelope curve, but can not find Dia, it is considered that supplementary pulse data is required. When the pulse data needs to be supplemented, executing S36; otherwise, S33 is executed.
And S36, judging whether the pressure in the cuff is greater than or equal to the second pressure value.
The blood pressure measuring apparatus measures the pressure in the cuff using the pressure sensor, and performs S37 when the pressure in the cuff is greater than or equal to the second pressure value; otherwise, S39 is executed.
The value of the second pressure value (hereinafter referred to as Press2 for example) is determined by the lower limit of the measurable Dia, for example, the value of the second pressure value may be any value between 5mmHg and 15 mmHg. The specific value of Press2 is not limited, and may be set according to actual conditions.
And S37, controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to acquire supplementary pulse data.
The inflation and deflation device performs step deflation on the inflatable air bag to supplement the pulse data, namely supplements the required pulse data in a step deflation mode. For example, if it is determined in S35 that it is necessary to calculate Dia by supplementing pulse data, it is possible to determine that pulse data for which Dia has been sufficiently calculated in the vicinity of Dia is not included in the pulse data acquired in the inflation phase, and therefore, it is necessary to supplement pulse data in the vicinity of Dia.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, taking supplementing one pulse data as an example, the above S36 includes the following steps:
(1) and sequentially searching positions, at which the difference value of the static pressure of the pulse waves of two adjacent periods is greater than a preset value, in the pulse envelope curve.
Specifically, in the Pulse data (Pulse _ Press (i), Pulse amp (i)), at the position i satisfying Pulse _ Press (i +1) -Pulse _ Press (i) > Pth, a Pulse data is added between Pulse _ Press (i +1) and Pulse _ Press (i), where Pth may take any value between 10mmHg and 20 mmHg.
(2) And (4) deflating the inflatable air bag until the pressure in the cuff is between the static pressures of two adjacent pulse waves corresponding to the searched position.
The blood pressure measuring device deflates (or decompresses) the inflatable balloon from the current air pressure to between Pulse _ Press (i +1) and Pulse _ Press (i).
(3) The pressure signal in the current cuff is detected to obtain corresponding supplemental pulse data.
Please refer to the description of the pulse data in the optional implementation manners of S231-S233 and S233 in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, which is not repeated herein.
And S38, calculating the blood pressure value based on the supplementary pulse data.
A specific calculation method of the blood pressure value may be as described in S233 with respect to the calculation of the blood pressure value in the embodiment shown in fig. 3.
And S39, outputting the result.
The output result may include the following cases:
(1) if the blood pressure value can be calculated in the above steps and is within the measurement range, outputting the blood pressure value;
(2) if the blood pressure value can be calculated in the above step, but the blood pressure value is out of the measurement range, a prompt such as "out of measurement range" is given;
(3) and if the blood pressure value cannot be normally calculated in the steps and cannot be estimated at the moment, giving a corresponding prompt. For example, when proceeding directly to S39 in the judgment of S33, a notice such as "safe pressure exceeded" may be given; when the decision S36 is entered directly to S39, a prompt such as "measurement abnormal" may be given.
In the present embodiment, a blood pressure measuring method is provided, which can be used in the blood pressure measuring device, fig. 6 is a flowchart of a blood pressure measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the flowchart includes the following steps:
s401, in the preparation stage, the inflation and deflation device is controlled to inflate and deflate the inflatable air bag first, and then the size of the inflatable air bag is determined.
Please refer to S31 in fig. 5, which is not repeated herein.
S402, controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable air bag based on the size of the inflatable air bag in the inflation stage and acquiring a pressure signal in the cuff in the inflation process.
Please refer to S32 in fig. 5, which is not repeated herein.
And S403, judging whether the pressure in the cuff is smaller than the first pressure value.
When the pressure in the cuff is less than the first pressure value, executing S404; otherwise, S410 is performed.
And S404, measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during the inflation process in the inflation stage.
Please refer to S34 in fig. 5, which is not repeated herein.
S405, based on the calculation result of the blood pressure value, whether pulse data needs to be supplemented is judged.
Please refer to S35 in fig. 5, which is not repeated herein.
When pulse data needs to be supplemented, S406 is executed; otherwise, S410 is performed.
And S406, judging whether the pressure in the cuff is greater than or equal to a second pressure value.
Please refer to S36 in fig. 5, which is not repeated herein.
When the pressure in the cuff is greater than or equal to the second pressure value, S407 is performed; otherwise, S410 is performed.
S407, controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to acquire supplementary pulse data.
Please refer to S37 in fig. 5, which is not repeated herein.
S408, calculating a blood pressure value based on the supplementary pulse data.
Please refer to S38 in fig. 5, which is not repeated herein.
At S409, it is determined whether or not a blood pressure value is calculated based on the supplemental pulse data.
When the blood pressure value is calculated based on the supplemental pulse data, S413 is executed; otherwise, S410 is performed.
And S410, determining a pre-charging pressure value based on the pulse data.
The pulse data is the pulse data acquired in the inflation phase in S404, or the pulse data acquired in the inflation phase in S404 and the supplementary pulse data acquired in the deflation phase in S407. For example, when S410 is directly executed after the determination of S403, the pulse data may be acquired first by using the method for acquiring pulse data described in S404, and then the pre-charge pressure value is determined; when S410 is directly performed after the determination of S405, the pre-charge pressure value may be determined using the pulse data acquired in S404; when S410 is directly performed after the determination of S406, the pre-charge pressure value may be determined using the pulse data acquired in S404; when S410 is directly performed after the determination at S409, the pre-charge pressure value may be determined using the pulse data acquired at S404.
The blood pressure measuring device determines the pre-charge pressure value based on the pulse data, which can also be understood as estimating a possible range of Sys using the pulse data, and adding a certain increment to the range to obtain the pre-charge pressure value.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the step S410 includes:
(1) the maximum static pressure in the pulse data and its location in the pulse envelope curve are queried.
The blood pressure measuring device finds out the maximum static pressure PulseAmp in (Pulse _ press (i), PulseAmp (i)), which is denoted as MaxPulseAmp, and the position of which is denoted as Index.
(2) The slope of the pulse envelope curve is calculated starting from the location of the maximum resting pressure to the last resting pressure in the pulse envelope curve.
The blood pressure measuring device calculates the average slope of the envelope curve of Pulse _ Press VS PulseAmp, denoted as K, from Index to the last Pulse data.
(3) And determining the pulse amplitude corresponding to the systolic pressure in the pulse envelope curve by using the maximum static pressure.
The blood pressure measuring equipment can calculate the pulse amplitude SysPulseAmp of the position of the Sys by an amplitude coefficient method,
namely SysPluseAmp ═ MaxPluseAmp ═ R;
wherein, R is a coefficient for calculating Sys, and the value of R can be specifically set according to the actual situation, and can generally take a certain value between 0.4 and 0.7.
(4) Based on the pulse magnitude and the slope, a pre-charge pressure value is calculated.
Calculating the cuff pressure corresponding to the SysPulseAmp by the slope K and the SysPulseAmp, namely estimateSYS (K) SysPulseAmp.
Finally, the precharge pressure value inflattargetpress ═ estimateSYS + C. Where C is a constant greater than 0, and may be specifically selected according to the actual situation, and may be, for example, 30 mmHg.
As another optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the step S410 includes:
(1) and determining the static pressure corresponding to the systolic pressure in the pulse envelope curve.
The blood pressure measuring device estimates the position of the Sys and records the static pressure corresponding to the position of the Sys as estimateSYS.
(2) Based on the static pressure, a pre-charge pressure value is calculated.
The precharge pressure value inflatargepress is estimateSYS + C. Where C is a constant greater than 0, and may be specifically selected according to the actual situation, and may be, for example, 30 mmHg.
S411, the inflation and deflation device is controlled to inflate the inflatable airbag until the pressure in the cuff is the pre-charging pressure value.
The blood pressure measuring device rapidly inflates the inflatable balloon to the pressure inflatargepress in the cuff.
And S412, controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to measure the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during deflation.
Specifically, the step S412 includes the steps of:
(1) and (3) closing the air pump, forming an air pressure step after the air pressure is stable, detecting Pulse data (Pulse _ press (i) and Pulse Amp (i)) on the step, and entering the next step when the Pulse data or the step time is too long.
(2) Fitting a series (Pulse _ press (i), pulseamp (i)) obtained from the pressure steps to an envelope curve;
(3) and judging whether Sys and Dia can be calculated according to an amplitude coefficient method, if so, ending the measurement, and otherwise, determining whether to perform secondary inflation or continue deflation to the next pressure step according to the actual situation. If the inflation is the second time, the inflatargepress needs to be updated, and then the step of inflating the inflatable airbag is carried out; if the deflation is continued to the next step, the valve is opened until the air pressure in the cuff is reduced to the desired air pressure value, the valve is closed, and the step (1) is carried out.
And S413, outputting the result.
Please refer to S39 in fig. 5, which is not repeated herein.
As an alternative to this embodiment, the pressure in the cuff may be monitored during the whole process of S401-S412, and when the duration of the pressure in the cuff being greater than the third pressure value (hereinafter referred to as Press3 for example) is greater than the preset time interval, the process may be switched to S410 no matter which step is currently performed. Where Press3 may take any value deemed to be high atmospheric pressure, such as 120mmHg, and T3 is the maximum time deemed tolerable, such as 5 s.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, before executing S410, S414 may be executed, that is, it is determined whether to switch to S410.
For example, (1) in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, when the determination of S403 is followed by directly performing S410, while in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, S414 needs to be performed first to determine whether S410 needs to be performed, S410 is performed when S410 needs to be performed, otherwise, S413 is performed;
(2) in fig. 6, S410 is directly executed after the determination of S405, whereas in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, S414 needs to be executed first to determine whether S410 needs to be executed, S410 is executed when S410 needs to be executed, otherwise, S403 is executed;
(3) in fig. 6, S410 is directly performed after the determination of S406, whereas S415 needs to be performed before S405 in the embodiment shown in fig. 7 to determine whether the measurement is finished, S413 is performed when the measurement is finished, and S405 is performed otherwise; when the pressure in the cuff is judged to be smaller than the second pressure value in S406, S414 needs to be executed first to judge whether S410 needs to be executed or not, when S410 needs to be executed, S410 is executed, otherwise, S413 is executed;
(4) in fig. 6, when the determination of S409 is directly performed by S410, whereas in the embodiment shown in fig. 7 it is required to first determine that the blood pressure value cannot be calculated based on the supplementary pulse data in S409, S415 is performed to determine whether the measurement is finished, S413 is performed when the measurement is finished, otherwise, S414 is performed to determine whether S410 is required to be performed, S410 is performed when S410 is required to be performed, and otherwise, S406 is performed.
The condition of whether the measurement is finished can be whether the blood pressure value is measured or not, or a certain measurement time is set, and when the measurement time is up, the measurement is finished; whether the S414 needs to be switched to the S410 or not may be that the blood pressure measurement device provides human-computer interaction, so that the user determines whether the S410 needs to be switched based on the human-computer interaction, or that the blood pressure measurement device determines whether the S410 needs to be switched based on a preset condition, which may be specifically set according to an actual situation, and is not limited herein.
The blood pressure measuring method in the embodiment of the invention is a method for quickly measuring the blood pressure, namely the blood pressure is measured in the cuff inflation stage preferentially, and the step deflation measurement is taken as a supplementary measuring method as required, so that the defects of long measuring time and long duration time under high air pressure in the prior art can be obviously improved, and the defect of poor comfort degree of a subject when the blood pressure is measured by the prior art is also improved. On one hand, the method can be directly used for measuring the blood pressure on the original monitoring equipment without adding extra circuits, modules and the like, and is simple to implement; on the other hand, even if the measurement method fails, the measurement method can still be switched to step deflation measurement (measurement in the prior art), and the pre-inflation pressure value at the moment is estimated by the rapid blood pressure measurement method, so that the situation of low comfort degree caused by the fact that the designated air pressure value is far larger or smaller than Sys can not occur.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the above-described embodiments of the method may be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, may include the processes of the above-described embodiments of the zero-checking anomaly detection method. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD), a Solid State Drive (SSD), or the like; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A blood pressure measuring method used in a blood pressure measuring apparatus including an inflation/deflation device and an inflatable balloon provided in a cuff, the inflation/deflation device being connected to the inflatable balloon, the method comprising:
in the preparation stage, the inflation and deflation device is controlled to inflate and deflate the inflatable air bag firstly, and the size of the inflatable air bag is determined;
in the inflation stage, based on the size of the inflatable airbag, the inflation and deflation device is controlled to inflate the inflatable airbag and obtain a pressure signal in the cuff in the inflation process;
and measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff during the inflation process.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag during the inflation phase based on the size of the inflatable airbag comprises:
determining an inflation rate based on a size of the inflatable bladder during an inflation phase;
and controlling the inflation and deflation device to linearly inflate the inflatable air bag at the inflation speed.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said measuring blood pressure during an inflation phase from a pressure signal within said cuff during inflation comprises:
performing band-pass filtering processing on the pressure signal to detect the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave in each period;
carrying out low-pass filtering processing on the pressure signal to obtain the static pressure of the pulse wave in each period;
and calculating a blood pressure value based on the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave in each period and the static pressure.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein calculating a blood pressure value based on the dominant peak amplitude of the pulse wave at each cycle and the static pressure comprises:
combining the main peak amplitude of each period and the static pressure to obtain pulse data of the pulse wave in each period;
sequencing all the pulse data according to the static pressure to form a pulse envelope curve;
and calculating the blood pressure value by using the pulse envelope curve.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein prior to the step of measuring blood pressure during the inflation phase based on the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation, further comprising:
judging whether the pressure in the cuff is smaller than a first pressure value or not;
and when the pressure in the cuff is smaller than the first pressure value, executing the step of measuring the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff in the inflation process.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein measuring blood pressure during the inflation phase based on the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation further comprises:
judging whether pulse data needs to be supplemented or not based on the calculation result of the blood pressure value;
when pulse data needs to be supplemented, judging whether the pressure in the cuff is greater than or equal to a second pressure value;
when the pressure in the cuff is larger than or equal to a second pressure value, controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to obtain the supplementary pulse data;
calculating the blood pressure value based on the supplemental pulse data.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein controlling the inflation and deflation device to deflate the inflatable balloon to obtain the supplemental pulse data comprises:
searching positions where the difference value of the static pressure of the pulse waves of two adjacent periods is greater than a preset value in the pulse envelope curve in sequence;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to deflate the inflatable air bag until the pressure in the cuff is between the static pressure of two adjacent pulse waves corresponding to the searched position;
and detecting the pressure signal in the cuff so as to obtain corresponding supplementary pulse data.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein measuring blood pressure during the inflation phase based on the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation further comprises:
determining a pre-charge pressure value based on pulse data when the pressure within the cuff is greater than or equal to the first pressure value;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag until the pressure in the cuff is the pre-charging pressure value;
and controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to measure the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff in the deflation process.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein measuring blood pressure during the inflation phase based on the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation further comprises:
determining a pre-charge pressure value based on the pulse data when supplemental pulse data is not needed, or when the pressure within the cuff is less than the second pressure value, or when the blood pressure value cannot be calculated based on the supplemental pulse data;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag until the pressure in the cuff is the pre-charging pressure value;
and controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to measure the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff in the deflation process.
10. The method of claim 3, wherein measuring blood pressure during the inflation phase based on the pressure signal in the cuff during inflation further comprises:
determining a pre-charging pressure value based on the pulse data when the duration of the pressure in the cuff higher than the third pressure value is greater than a preset time interval; wherein the pulse data is a combination of the main peak amplitude of the pulse wave at each period and the static pressure;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag until the pressure in the cuff is the pre-charging pressure value;
and controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform step deflation on the inflatable air bag so as to measure the blood pressure according to the pressure signal in the cuff in the deflation process.
11. The method of any one of claims 8-10, wherein said determining a pre-charge pressure value based on said pulse data comprises:
inquiring the maximum static pressure in the pulse data and the position of the maximum static pressure in the pulse envelope curve;
calculating a slope of the pulse envelope curve from the location of the maximum resting pressure to the last resting pressure in the pulse envelope curve;
determining the pulse amplitude corresponding to the systolic pressure in the pulse envelope curve by using the maximum static pressure;
calculating the pre-charge pressure value based on the pulse amplitude and the slope.
12. The method of any one of claims 8-10, wherein said determining a pre-charge pressure value based on said pulse data comprises:
determining a static pressure corresponding to the systolic pressure in the pulse envelope curve;
based on the static pressure, the pre-charge pressure value is calculated.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate and deflate the inflatable airbag in the preparation phase, and the determining the size of the inflatable airbag comprises:
controlling the inflation and deflation device to inflate the inflatable airbag in a preparation stage, and detecting first time corresponding to the increase of the pressure in the cuff to a first preset pressure value;
controlling the inflation and deflation device to deflate the inflatable air bag, and detecting corresponding second time when the pressure in the cuff is reduced from the first preset pressure value to a second preset pressure value;
comparing the minimum of the first time and the second time with a preset time to determine the size grade of the inflatable airbag; wherein the preset time corresponds to the size grade of the inflatable air bag.
14. A blood pressure measuring device, comprising:
a cuff and an inflatable air bag arranged in the cuff;
the inflation and deflation device is connected with the inflatable air bag and is used for realizing inflation and deflation of the inflatable air bag;
the controller is in communication connection with the air charging and discharging device;
a memory also communicatively coupled to the controller; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the controller to cause the controller to perform a blood pressure measurement method as claimed in any one of claims 1-13.
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