CN113116313A - System and method for detecting photoelectric pulse wave by incoherent light source for modulating electric signal - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for photoelectric pulse wave detection by adopting an incoherent light source for modulating an electric signal. The method is different from the traditional method in principle in that the light emitting diode is used for directly emitting light and detecting reflected or transmitted signals. The invention modulates an electric signal with frequency f1 to a light-emitting diode, receives a modulated visible light signal transmitted from blood vessels, blood or human tissues under the skin, converts the modulated visible light signal into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector, and the electric signal comprises two parts: a) a low frequency signal carrying arterial information, b) a high frequency signal carrying arterial information around a center frequency f 1. Because the two parts of signals are subjected to different interferences in the transmission or scattering process, the artery signals can be extracted from the two parts of signals. The method differs from conventional photoplethysmography in that it provides a new detection dimension that can be used to detect heart rate, blood pressure, and other blood related parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a visible light sensing system adopting an incoherent light source, in particular to the application field of photoelectric pulse wave detection by utilizing an incoherent visible light generated by a light emitting diode for modulating an electric signal.
Background
The intelligent medical treatment is a future war of China, is also a key application field of information technology development to a certain stage such as communication technology, computer technology and the like, and in the intelligent medical treatment, the gravity center is in wearable mobile health (including heart rate, blood oxygen, blood pressure, blood sugar and temperature) monitoring management in a form of representation. At present, in the field of wearable mobile health measurement, a plurality of problems still exist, which makes the research on the detection of blood components and heart rate parameters more significant.
The noninvasive detection of blood components has important significance for the diagnosis of various diseases, the management of chronic diseases such as diabetes, anemia and the like, and the monitoring of perioperative or emergency patients, and can realize the early screening of diseases, save medical resources and promote environmental protection. Meanwhile, the economic development and the improvement of living standard promote the attention degree of general people to health and the effectiveness of health information acquisition to be continuously improved, in order to improve the living quality of people, cardiovascular diseases must be effectively prevented, and the threat of the cardiovascular diseases determines the necessity of continuously monitoring physiological parameters including heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen, blood viscosity and the like.
Currently, in the aspects of noninvasive detection of blood components and continuous dynamic physiological parameter monitoring, photoplethysmography (PPG) and related technologies are important technical means, attract the attention of many researchers at home and abroad, and produce a great deal of research results. Photoplethysmography (PPG), first proposed by Hertzman in 1938, is a method for evaluating information about the perfusion of skin tissue by subcutaneous blood information carried by the reflection or transmission of input light in the skin tissue. Due to the beating of the heart, part of blood flows into the finger tip through the arteries of all stages step by step, so that the small artery network of the finger tip is expanded. Blood entering the capillary bed through the pre-capillary sphincter will return to the heart by flowing into the vein after nutrient exchange has occurred. The capillary sphincter offers a greater resistance to blood flow and the capillary bed has sufficient volume to attenuate the pulsation of the arterioles. It is generally believed that only arterioles pulsate, while capillaries, veins and other tissues do not. The detected optical power change over time obtained according to the PPG method is shown in fig. 1.
Document 1 proposes a noninvasive continuous blood pressure measurement method based on photoplethysmography, and researches and proposes the idea of normalizing the photoplethysmography, establishes a cardiovascular system parameter extraction and diastolic pressure calculation method according to a normalized pulse wave model, and designs a noninvasive continuous blood pressure measurement system combining software and hardware by applying the method.
Document 2 employs a dynamic spectroscopic method for non-invasive detection of blood components, which directly extracts optical densities reflecting arterial blood components at multiple wavelengths based on transmitted photoplethysmography, using changes in spectral absorption by arterial filling degree, theoretically reducing individual differences and the influence of measurement conditions, and has significant advantages over other methods. The feasibility of the dynamic spectrum method is verified by acquiring dynamic spectrum values under different hemoglobin concentrations and calculating a correlation coefficient with the hemoglobin concentration in the literature
In document 3, a combined spectrum of 523nm green light, 660nm red light and 810nm infrared light is selected as a detection light source, and a 'mesh' type groove structure is introduced in the structural design to eliminate the ambient light interference and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of a measurement signal. The baseline wander removing method is improved on the basis of the traditional generalized morphology baseline wander removing algorithm, and a simplified baseline wander removing algorithm is realized.
These documents are based on the development of photoplethysmography, but the signals obtained by photoplethysmography are weak, and new solutions are still needed in the detection systems and methods. For the above reasons, the artery signal detection technology based on the electro-optical and acoustic-optical methods is a key research subject of the development of the current medical devices.
Reference documents:
1. lie, study of noninvasive continuous blood pressure measurement method based on pulse wave, doctor's academic thesis, unit: zhejiang university, completion time: month 4 in 2008.
2. Zhoumei, a method for improving dynamic spectral signal-to-noise ratio and application thereof, a doctor academic thesis, unit: tianjin university, completion time: year 2014 5 months.
3. Li Xiu, study of dynamic measurement technology of physiological parameters of human body based on photoplethysmography, doctor's academic thesis, unit: china university of science and technology, completion time: year 2017, month 5.
The invention content is as follows:
in view of the above-mentioned needs in the art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a system and method for photoelectric pulse wave detection using incoherent light sources for modulating electrical signals. The method is different from the traditional method in principle in that the light emitting diode is used for directly emitting light and detecting reflected or transmitted signals. The invention modulates an electric signal with frequency f1 to a light-emitting diode, receives a modulated visible light signal transmitted from blood vessels, blood or human tissues under the skin, converts the modulated visible light signal into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector, and the electric signal comprises two parts: a) a low frequency signal carrying arterial information, b) a high frequency signal carrying arterial information around a center frequency f 1. Because the two parts of signals are subjected to different interferences in the transmission or scattering process, the artery signals can be extracted from the two parts of signals. This method differs from conventional photoplethysmography (PPG) in that it provides a new detection dimension, but is compatible with the advantages of PPG, and can be used to detect heart rate, blood pressure, and other blood-related parameters. Meanwhile, the method can be fused with new technologies such as pattern recognition in the field of computers, and the quality of detection signals is improved.
The basic structure of the present invention includes:
visible light emitting module (10) comprising an LED power supply driving circuit for providing a stable driving voltage suitable for the lighting requirements of the LED or LED array, an LED radio frequency signal transmitter driving circuit for selecting a bias voltage VbiasAnd radio frequency signal (20) of the single frequency, and modulate the sum of these two kinds of signals to LED lamp pearl or LED lamp pearl array, send the incoherent light after modulating to the human skin finally;
a single frequency RF signal (20) s (t) for loading on the LED lamp bead or LED lamp bead array to provide a modulated visible light waveform, wherein when encountering blood vessels, blood or human tissue beneath the skin, the visible light containing the single frequency RF signal will be partially incident on the visible light receiving module (30), assuming that the single frequency is f1Signal amplitude of Vac；
Visible light receiving module (30) comprising a photodetector and an associated amplification circuit, and a telecommunications systemThe signal processing circuit is used for receiving visible light signals transmitted from blood vessels, blood or human tissues under the skin and converting the visible light signals into electric signals through the photoelectric detector, and the electric signals comprise two parts: a) low-frequency signal m carrying artery informationa(t), b) center frequency f1Nearby high-frequency signal m carrying arterial informationb(t)Vaccos(2πf1t)；
The signal processing module (40) is used for processing the part a) of signals according to a traditional PPG method, namely processing low-frequency signals carrying artery information; simultaneously to the center frequency f of part b)1And demodulating nearby high-frequency signals carrying artery information to obtain baseband signals carrying artery information, and combining a) partial signal processing results and b) partial signal processing results to obtain final artery signals, so as to obtain the heart rate, the blood pressure and other blood related parameters.
In consideration of the distance limit of visible light wave transmission in human organs, the LED lamp beads can be high-power LED lamp beads and are used for sending stronger visible light signals, and therefore the intensity of the detected visible light signals is improved.
Further, the visible light emitting module (10) and the visible light receiving module (30) may be located on both sides of the finger, and receive the transmitted signal, as shown in fig. 3; or the visible light emitting module (10) and the visible light receiving module (30) are positioned on the same side of the finger, and the reflected signal is received at the moment, as shown in figure 2.
Further, the LED light source can be a red light (R) LED lamp bead, a green light (G) LED lamp bead, a blue light (B) LED lamp bead or a white light LED lamp bead formed by RGB three colors, and is used for sending visible light signals with different wavelengths, so that visible light signals reflected by blood vessels, blood or human tissues below visible light communication detection are improved, and the accuracy of human photoelectric pulse wave detection is improved.
Further, in the present invention, the final arterial signal can be obtained as follows
Wherein m isa(t) is an arterial signal extracted from a signal containing low-frequency interference, mb(t) is an arterial signal extracted from a signal containing high frequency interference.
Further, the system may also include a filtering algorithm (50) based on the photoplethysmographic wave, which is applied to the signal m from the low frequencya(t) and center frequency f1Nearby high-frequency signal m carrying arterial informationb(t)Vaccos(2πf1t) are processed separately, thereby forming m of the arterial signala(t) moieties and mbAnd (t) section. The filtering algorithm (50) of the photoelectric pulse wave can comprise artificial intelligence algorithms such as artificial neural networks, machine learning or deep learning.
Further, the bias voltage V loaded on the LED can be adjustedbiasTherefore, the arterial signal to be extracted is enhanced, and the accuracy of photoelectric pulse wave detection is improved.
Further, the amplitude V of the radio frequency signal loaded on the LED can be adjustedacTherefore, the arterial signal to be extracted is enhanced, and the accuracy of photoelectric pulse wave detection is improved.
Furthermore, the modulation frequency f with the minimum radio frequency loss in visible light transmission can be obtained in experiments1Therefore, the arterial signal to be extracted is enhanced, and the accuracy of photoelectric pulse wave detection is improved.
Further, in order to solve the problem of human body difference in the method, information measured by each user each time can be recorded in a database of a computer to serve as a basis for updating the filtering algorithm (50) of the photoelectric pulse wave, and the filtering algorithm (50) of the photoelectric pulse wave is adaptively adjusted according to historical data recorded in the database.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
fig. 1 is a graph containing an arterial signal obtained from photoplethysmography (PPG), a typical PPG signal containing ac and dc components.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention, detecting the reflected signal.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention for detecting the transmission signal.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of photoelectric pulse wave detection by using the system and the method of the invention comprises the following steps:
the basic structure of the system is as follows: visible light emitting module (10) comprising an LED power supply driving circuit for providing a stable driving voltage suitable for the lighting requirements of the LED or LED array, an LED radio frequency signal transmitter driving circuit for selecting a bias voltage VbiasAnd radio frequency signal (20) of the single frequency, and modulate the sum of these two kinds of signals to LED lamp pearl or LED lamp pearl array, send the incoherent light after modulating to the human skin finally;
a single frequency RF signal (20) s (t) for loading on the LED lamp bead or LED lamp bead array to provide a modulated visible light waveform, wherein when encountering blood vessels, blood or human tissue beneath the skin, the visible light containing the single frequency RF signal will be partially incident on the visible light receiving module (30), assuming that the single frequency is f1Signal amplitude of Vac(ii) a Here, f1＝10kHz，Vac＝5Vpp。
The visible light receiving module (30) comprises a photoelectric detector and a related amplifying circuit, and a signal processing circuit, and is used for receiving a visible light signal transmitted from blood vessels, blood or human tissues under the skin, converting the visible light signal into an electric signal through the photoelectric detector, wherein the electric signal comprises two parts: a) low-frequency signal m carrying artery informationa(t), b) center frequency f1Nearby high-frequency signal m carrying arterial informationb(t)Vaccos(2πf1t)；
Here, the reflected signal is selected to be detected, i.e., the block diagram shown in fig. 2 is selected. The optical power of the LED is then chosen to be 5W.
A signal processing module (40) for the part a) according to the traditional PPG methodProcessing the sub-signals, namely processing the low-frequency signals carrying artery information; simultaneously to the center frequency f of part b)1And demodulating nearby high-frequency signals carrying artery information to obtain baseband signals carrying artery information, and combining a) partial signal processing results and b) partial signal processing results to obtain final artery signals, so as to obtain the heart rate, the blood pressure and other blood related parameters.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it is therefore intended that all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention be considered as within the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using an incoherent light source that modulates an electrical signal, comprising:
visible light emitting module (10) comprising an LED power supply driving circuit for providing a stable driving voltage suitable for the lighting requirements of the LED or LED array, an LED radio frequency signal transmitter driving circuit for selecting a bias voltage VbiasAnd radio frequency signal (20) of the single frequency, and modulate the sum of these two kinds of signals to LED lamp pearl or LED lamp pearl array, send the incoherent light after modulating to the human skin finally;
a single frequency RF signal (20) s (t) for loading on the LED lamp bead or LED lamp bead array to provide a modulated visible light waveform, wherein when encountering blood vessels, blood or human tissue beneath the skin, the visible light containing the single frequency RF signal will be partially incident on the visible light receiving module (30), assuming that the single frequency is f1Signal amplitude of Vac；
The visible light receiving module (30) comprises a photoelectric detector and a related amplifying circuit, and a signal processing circuit, and is used for receiving a visible light signal transmitted from blood vessels, blood or human tissues under the skin, converting the visible light signal into an electric signal through the photoelectric detector, wherein the electric signal comprises two parts: a) low-frequency signal m carrying artery informationa(t), b) center frequency f1Nearby high-frequency signal m carrying arterial informationb(t)Vaccos(2πf1t)；
The signal processing module (40) is used for processing the part a) of signals according to a traditional PPG method, namely processing low-frequency signals carrying artery information; simultaneously to the center frequency f of part b)1And demodulating nearby high-frequency signals carrying artery information to obtain baseband signals carrying artery information, and combining a) partial signal processing results and b) partial signal processing results to obtain final artery signals, so as to obtain the heart rate, the blood pressure and other blood related parameters.
2. The system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using incoherent light source for modulating electrical signals as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the visible light emitting module (10) and the visible light receiving module (30) are positioned on two sides of a finger, and at the moment, a transmission signal is received; or the visible light emitting module (10) and the visible light receiving module (30) are positioned on the same side of the finger, and the reflected signal is received at the moment.
3. The system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using incoherent light source for modulating electrical signals as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the LED light source can be a red light (R) LED lamp bead, a green light (G) LED lamp bead, a blue light (B) LED lamp bead or a white light LED lamp bead formed by RGB (red, green and blue) colors and is used for sending visible light signals with different wavelengths, so that visible light signals reflected in blood vessels, blood or human tissues below visible light communication detection are improved, and the accuracy of human photoelectric pulse wave detection is improved.
4. The system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using incoherent light source for modulating electrical signals as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the final arterial signal can be obtained as follows
5. The system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using incoherent light source for modulating electrical signals as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the system may also include a photoelectric pulse wave based filtering algorithm (50) for low frequency signals ma(t) and center frequency f1Nearby high-frequency signal m carrying arterial informationb(t)Vaccos(2πf1t) are processed separately, thereby forming m of the arterial signala(t) moieties and mbAnd (t) section.
6. The system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using incoherent light source for modulating electrical signals as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the filtering algorithm (50) of the photoelectric pulse wave can comprise artificial intelligence algorithms such as artificial neural networks, machine learning or deep learning.
7. The system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using incoherent light source for modulating electrical signals as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the bias voltage V loaded on the LED can be adjustedbiasTherefore, the arterial signal to be extracted is enhanced, and the accuracy of photoelectric pulse wave detection is improved.
8. The system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using incoherent light source for modulating electrical signals as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the amplitude V of the radio frequency signal loaded on the LED can be adjustedacTherefore, the arterial signal to be extracted is enhanced, and the accuracy of photoelectric pulse wave detection is improved.
9. The system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using incoherent light source for modulating electrical signals as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the modulation frequency f with the minimum radio frequency loss in visible light transmission can be obtained in experiments1Therefore, the arterial signal to be extracted is enhanced, and the accuracy of photoelectric pulse wave detection is improved.
10. The system for electro-optical pulse wave detection using incoherent light source for modulating electrical signals as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
in order to solve the problem of human body difference, information measured by each user each time can be recorded in a database of a computer to serve as a basis for updating a filtering algorithm (50) of the photoelectric pulse wave, and the filtering algorithm (50) of the photoelectric pulse wave is adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to historical data recorded in the database.
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| CN102697487A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-10-03 | 香港应用科技研究院有限公司 | System and method for using light modulation to measure physiological data |
| CN103860152A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-18 | 辛勤 | Pulse wave signal processing method |
| US20150057511A1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2015-02-26 | Wayne State University | Sensor and method for continuous health monitoring |
| CN106618494A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 深圳职业技术学院 | PPG pulse wave signal extraction processing system based on phase-locked amplifier |
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- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911426538.8A patent/CN113116313A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150057511A1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2015-02-26 | Wayne State University | Sensor and method for continuous health monitoring |
| CN102697487A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-10-03 | 香港应用科技研究院有限公司 | System and method for using light modulation to measure physiological data |
| CN103860152A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-18 | 辛勤 | Pulse wave signal processing method |
| CN106618494A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 深圳职业技术学院 | PPG pulse wave signal extraction processing system based on phase-locked amplifier |
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