CN113114265A - Synchronous phasor real-time data compression method based on extrapolation method - Google Patents
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M7/00—Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
- H03M7/30—Compression; Expansion; Suppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous phasor real-time data compression method based on an extrapolation method, which comprises the following steps: s1, extrapolating the real-time phasor data points by fitting three newly stored intermediate variable points, and calculating the error between the real-time phasor data points and the newly measured synchronous phasor data points; s2, judging whether the error meets the phasor compression judgment condition, if so, executing S3, otherwise executing S4; s3, sending and storing the newly measured synchronous phasor data point, updating the intermediate variable point in S1, returning to S1, and performing compression judgment on the next synchronous phasor data point; and S4, not sending data, returning to S1, and carrying out compression judgment on the next synchronous phasor data point. The invention only sends the original data which exceeds the limited error, and other original data are compressed and copied by extrapolating the stored data, thereby greatly reducing the compression amount of the original data, improving the data compression rate, and also enabling PMU to estimate the latest measured data under the condition of zero time delay.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dynamic measurement and monitoring of power systems, in particular to a synchronous phasor real-time data compression method based on an extrapolation method.
Background
With the rapid development and widespread use of synchronized phasor measurement techniques and wide-area measurement systems, more and more phasor measurement devices are installed in power systems, particularly power distribution networks. Therefore, the amount of synchrophasor data is large, resulting in inefficient communication bandwidth and insufficient storage space. In order to better transmit the synchrophasor measurement data in the power system, the data needs to be compressed to reduce the number of the synchrophasor measurement data.
The conventional WAMS and PMU data compression techniques focus mainly on the compression ratio and accuracy of the reconstructed data. Compression techniques can be generally classified into lossless data compression and lossy data compression. Lossless data compression is usually developed for general purpose, which can ensure absolute replication of the original data after compression, but at the cost of much lower compression ratios; at the same time, lossy data compression will achieve higher compression ratios based on compression ratios with acceptable errors. The most studied lossy data compression technology at present is a measurement data feature extraction method based on wavelet multiresolution decomposition, and comprises discrete wavelet transform, wavelet packet transform and embedded zerotree wavelet. Principal component analysis, PCA, is another widely used spatial feature extraction method. Furthermore, a combination of lossy and lossless data compression allows higher compression ratios to be achieved. However, the above data compression techniques require a series of raw data, i.e., windows of data, to achieve compression. The length of the data window is the main factor that determines the compression performance. For example, wavelet-based data compression requires a data window with more than 1000 data points, i.e., more than 10 seconds; whereas PCA-based data compression techniques require a 10 second data window. That is, time delays caused by the requirement to compress the data window are inevitable. The data compression technologies are suitable for data storage of the control center; however they cannot be used in PMUs for real-time applications. Therefore, a real-time data compression technique of the synchronous phase angle unit should be developed for a transmitting end, namely PMU. Compared with the method, the lossy trend extraction can be compressed by using a smaller data window, such as SDT and ESDC methods, and although the data window is reduced as much as possible in the above method in order to improve the real-time performance, the time delay caused by data compression is about 100ms, which still limits the real-time application of PMU data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a synchronous phasor real-time data compression method based on an extrapolation method, which can greatly reduce the compression amount of original data and improve the data compression rate without reducing a data window, and can also enable a PMU to estimate the latest measured data under the condition of zero time delay.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a synchronous phasor real-time data compression method based on extrapolation includes the following steps:
s1, extrapolating the real-time phasor data points by fitting three newly stored intermediate variable points, and calculating the error between the real-time phasor data points and the newly measured synchronous phasor data points;
s2, judging whether the error meets the phasor compression judgment condition, if so, executing S3, otherwise executing S4;
s3, sending and storing the newly measured synchronous phasor data points, updating intermediate variable points, returning to S1, and performing compression judgment on the next synchronous phasor data point;
and S4, not sending data, returning to S1, and carrying out compression judgment on the next synchronous phasor data point.
Further, S1 is preceded by: initializing data, storing three synchronous phasor data points which are newly sent to a receiving end by a sending end, and respectively defining the three synchronous phasor data points as
Determining that p is 1, k is 2, q is 3,
K1＝k-p，K2q-k; setting based on the bidirectional rotation characteristic of the synchrophasor
The initial value of the forward component of the bidirectional rotation component is
The initial value of the negative component of the bidirectional rotation component is
Initial value of the angle alpha rotated within the measurement interval delta T0＝0。
Further, S1 is preceded by: at intervals of delta T, the transmitting end measures new synchronous phasor data points
The data points are defined as
Further, the error in S1 is calculated by:
s1.1 calculating a non-linear least squares curve fit equation using an iterative method
Calculating and measuring new synchronous phasor data points
Parameters of pair
α to derive therefrom real-time phasor data points
The extrapolation formula is
S1.2 calculation error ETVE
Further, the phasor compression determination condition in S2 is specifically:
judging synchronous phasor data points measured by a receiving end
Whether or not to satisfy
Wherein E isTVE，max＝0.5％。
Further, the updating process of the intermediate variable point in S3 specifically includes:
s3.1 will
And
let k be p, q be k, and n be q, as the three most recently stored synchrophasor data points, will be
In turn defined as new intermediate variable points
S3.2 New intermediate variable points
Substituting into nonlinear least square curve fitting equation, and calculating to obtain new parameters
α；
S3.3 Using the New parameters
The initial value of the alpha is updated,
α0＝α。
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention firstly uses the compressed data to estimate
And alpha, extrapolating and estimating real-time phasor measurement data, calculating errors between the real-time phasor measurement data and newly measured synchronous phasor data points, only transmitting original data exceeding limited errors, and compressing and copying other original data by extrapolating saved data. Therefore, the invention can greatly reduce the compression amount of the original data and improve the data compression rate without reducing the data window, and can also enable the PMU to estimate the latest measured data under the condition of zero time delay, thereby realizing the real-time compression and reconstruction of the data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a synchronous phasor real-time data compression method based on extrapolation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a real-time data compression method for synchronous phasor data measurement at a transmitting end;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a real-time data reconstruction method for receiving-end synchrophasor data measurement.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments are not limited to the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a synchronous phasor real-time data compression method based on an extrapolation method, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
s1, extrapolating the real-time phasor data points by fitting three newly stored intermediate variable points, and calculating the error between the real-time phasor data points and the newly measured synchronous phasor data points;
s2, judging whether the error meets the phasor compression judgment condition, if so, executing S3, otherwise executing S4;
s3, sending and storing the newly measured synchronous phasor data points, updating intermediate variable points, returning to S1, and performing compression judgment on the next synchronous phasor data point;
and S4, not sending data, returning to S1, and carrying out compression judgment on the next synchronous phasor data point.
The synchronous phasor measurement terminal is a sending terminal, an upper computer of the synchronous phasor measurement terminal is a receiving terminal, the same algorithm is adopted at the two ends, the sending terminal measures data at regular time intervals delta T, and the receiving terminal judges whether the data sent by the sending terminal is received at one time.
The variables appearing in this example are first defined or explained as follows:
1. the instantaneous signal of the voltage or current synchronous phasor can be expressed as x (t)
x (t) is a sinusoidal signal, corresponding to the base component, f0，x0，
The frequency, amplitude, phase angle of the basis component, respectively. Δ f is the frequency deviation of the fundamental component, f0＝fN+Δf，fNIs a standard frequency.
2. Expressing the instantaneous synchrophasor as the synchrophasor according to its bidirectional rotation characteristics
Then
In the processes from (1) to (2),
providing a substitution of the coefficients of the custom formula for simplifying the corresponding instantaneous synchronous phasor of x (t) in the step k in the step (1);
is shown as
And
in the form of (1), wherein
Is the forward component of the bi-directional rotational component,
α is a negative component of the bidirectional rotational component, and indicates an angle of rotation in Δ T, and at the same time, both positive and negative rotational frequencies are Δ f.
3. Due to the total phasor error E in the IEEE C37.118 standardTVETaking into account all sources of error, e.g. errors in time, frequency, phase angle, amplitude, etc., and thus ETVEThe method is a comprehensive evaluation of PMU measurement data, and the maximum error E is calculated by the methodTVE，maxThe selection was 0.5%.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a real-time data compression method for synchronous phasor data measurement at a transmitting end according to this embodiment, where the method includes the following steps:
a1, initializing data, storing three synchronous phasor data points which are newly sent to a receiving end by a sending end and are respectively defined as
Setting p to 1, k to 2, q to 3,
K1＝k-p，K2q-k; setting based on the bidirectional rotation characteristic of the synchrophasor
The initial value of the forward component of the bidirectional rotation component is
The initial value of the negative component of the bidirectional rotation component is
Initial value alpha of angle of rotation before measurement interval delta T0＝0。
A2, every time interval delta T, the transmitting end measures new synchronous phase data points
The data points are defined as
And A3, performing fitting extrapolation on the real-time phasor data points by using the three newly stored intermediate variable points, and calculating the error of the real-time phasor data points and the newly measured synchronous phasor data points.
The error calculation method comprises the following steps:
calculating a non-linear least squares curve fit equation using an iterative method
Calculating and measuring new synchronous phasor data points
Parameter of time
α to derive therefrom real-time phasor data points
The extrapolation formula is
Calculating error ETVE
A4, judging whether the error meets the phasor compression judgment condition, if so, executing S5, otherwise, executing S6.
The phasor compression determination conditions are specifically as follows:
judging synchronous phasor data points measured by a receiving end
Whether or not to satisfy
Wherein E isTVE，max＝0.5％。
A5, sending the newly measured synchronous phasor data point
Will be provided with
And
let k be p, q be k, and n be q, as the three most recently stored synchrophasor data points, will be
In turn defined as new intermediate variable points
Step a7 is entered.
A6, not sending data, returning to the step A2, and carrying out compression judgment on the next synchronization phasor data point.
A7, adding new intermediate variable point
Substituting into nonlinear least square curve fitting equation, and calculating to obtain new parameters
α。
A8, using the new parameters
The initial value of the alpha is updated,
α0＝α。
and A9, returning to the step A2, and continuing to compress the real-time data for the next time.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a real-time data reconstruction method for receiving end synchrophasor data measurement according to this embodiment, where the method includes the following steps:
b1, at this time, the receiving end has already received the original data sent by the sending end, so before the time interval Δ T is over, that is, before no new data is received, the three latest synchrophasor data points that have been stored by compression are the same as those of the sending end, and are defined as intermediate variable points
B2, the receiving end has the same algorithm as the transmitting end, based on the three intermediate variable points reserved after the previous compression
Is fitted out
α, corresponding points are derived from the formula extrapolation
B3, every time interval delta T, the receiving end judges whether to receive new synchronous phasor data points
B4, receiving the new synchronous phasor data point transmitted by the transmitting end
Proving the egress of a sender
Measured therewith
Difference ETVE(n)＞ETVE，maxI.e. the compression cannot be kept, so the receiving end enters step B6 for the same reason;
b5, new data point sent by the sender is not received
Proving the egress of a sender
Measured therewith
Difference ETVE(n)≤ETVE，maxThe same as the receiving end, that is, the original data can be kept compressed, and the step B1 is returned;
b6, receiving end based on
Updating intermediate variable points
B7, updating the initial value, and calculating new intermediate variable points
α, and further updates the reconstruction initial value, and returns to step B2.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the drawings are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the flow charts in the drawings are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A synchronous phasor real-time data compression method based on extrapolation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, extrapolating the real-time phasor data points by fitting three newly stored intermediate variable points, and calculating the error between the real-time phasor data points and the newly measured synchronous phasor data points;
s2, judging whether the error meets the phasor compression judgment condition, if so, executing S3, otherwise executing S4;
s3, sending and storing the newly measured synchronous phasor data points, updating intermediate variable points, returning to S1, and performing compression judgment on the next synchronous phasor data point;
and S4, not sending data, returning to S1, and carrying out compression judgment on the next synchronous phasor data point.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein S1 is preceded by a method of synchrophasor real-time data compression based on extrapolation, comprising: initializing data, storing three synchronous phasor data points which are newly sent to a receiving end by a sending end, and respectively defining the three synchronous phasor data points as
Setting p to 1, k to 2, q to 3,
K1＝k-p，K2q-k; setting based on the bidirectional rotation characteristic of the synchrophasor
The initial value of the forward component of the bidirectional rotation component is
The initial value of the negative component of the bidirectional rotation component is
Initial value alpha of angle of rotation before measurement interval delta T0＝0。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein S1 is preceded by a method of synchrophasor real-time data compression based on extrapolation, comprising: at intervals of delta T, the transmitting end measures new synchronous phasor data points
The data points are defined as
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the error of S1 is calculated by the method of:
s1.1 calculating a non-linear least squares curve fit equation using an iterative method
Calculating and measuring new synchronous phasor data points
Parameter of time
α to derive therefrom real-time phasor data points
The extrapolation formula is
S1.2 calculation error ETVE
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phasor compression determination condition of S2 is specifically:
judging synchronous phasor data points measured by a receiving end
Whether or not to satisfy
Wherein E isTVE，max＝0.5％。
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of updating the intermediate variable point in S3 is specifically as follows:
s3.1 will
And
as the three synchronous phasor data points stored newly, let k be p, q be k, and n be q, the data points will be written
In turn defined as new intermediate variable points
S3.2 New intermediate variable points
Substituting into nonlinear least square curve fitting equation, and calculating to obtain new parameters
α；
S3.3 Using the New parameters
The initial value of the alpha is updated,
α0＝α。
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