CN113113762A - Dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna and mobile communication system - Google Patents
Dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna and mobile communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113113762A CN113113762A CN202110271968.8A CN202110271968A CN113113762A CN 113113762 A CN113113762 A CN 113113762A CN 202110271968 A CN202110271968 A CN 202110271968A CN 113113762 A CN113113762 A CN 113113762A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna and a mobile communication system. The common-caliber antenna mainly comprises an upper-layer dielectric plate of the antenna, a lower-layer dielectric plate of the antenna, a feed balun and a grounding connector; the antenna lower dielectric plate and the antenna upper dielectric plate are coaxially distributed; the high-frequency +/-45-degree polarized radiation patch is positioned on the lower surface of the upper dielectric slab of the antenna; the low-frequency radiation patch and the low-frequency parasitic patch are positioned on the upper surface of the upper dielectric slab of the antenna; the feed balun of the antenna mainly comprises a microstrip line positioned on the upper surface of an upper dielectric slab of the antenna and a coaxial line between the two dielectric slabs of the antenna. The grounding connector and the combiner are welded on the upper surface of the antenna lower-layer dielectric plate, and the antenna floor is positioned on the lower surface of the antenna lower-layer dielectric plate. The antenna has small volume, simple and compact structure and excellent performance, and can be widely applied to the design of base station antennas in 2G/3G/4G frequency bands.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna and a mobile communication system.
Background
The antenna has a very important role in modern communication systems, and is a device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, and the performance of the antenna directly affects the working quality of the whole communication system. In modern communication systems, how to design a high-performance, low-profile, low-cost, lightweight, and miniaturized antenna is an important ring for improving communication quality. With the development of modern mobile communication technology, in order to meet the multi-scenario and multi-task communication requirements, more and more wireless communication frequency bands are available. In order to realize wireless communication in multiple frequency bands, the antenna may be designed as a broadband or multi-frequency antenna. However, with the increase of the operating frequency band, broadband and multi-frequency antennas are difficult to be realized. Furthermore, since antennas in different frequency bands usually have different communication tasks, it is generally necessary to design antennas in different frequency bands as separate antennas. However, simply arranging the antennas of different frequency bands together will increase the installation space of the antennas greatly, and the antennas of different frequency bands may affect each other. The common-aperture antenna is an antenna form which can simultaneously work in the same aperture plane by placing two or more antennas working in different frequency bands and even different polarizations under the same aperture. Through reasonable design layout, the antenna units working in different frequency bands can be mutually independent and do not influence each other, and space resources for mounting the antenna can be effectively shared. Therefore, on the basis of ensuring the working performance of the antenna, the common-caliber antenna can greatly reduce the actual occupied space of the antenna compared with a mode of independently placing different antennas, and the space utilization rate is improved. Therefore, in recent years, the practical demand for a common-aperture antenna has increased in the antenna design of a wireless communication system.
And the dual polarization can make the antenna work in a receiving and transmitting duplex mode, so that the antenna has a certain positive effect on solving the problems of polarization mismatch, low transmission efficiency and the like. Therefore, in the field of modern mobile communication, dual-frequency dual-polarization common aperture is increasingly applied to base station antennas. In 2017, document [ 1 ] [ h.huang, y.liu and s.gong, "a Dual-Broadband, Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna for2G/3G/4G Applications," in IEEE Antennas and Wireless transmission Antennas, vol.16, pp.1111-1114,2017, doi: 10.1109/lawp.2016.2625 ] proposed a Dual-frequency Dual-Polarized common-aperture Base Station Antenna applicable to 2G/3G/4G, which has the advantages of high isolation, good radiation characteristics and easy arraying, but its arc-shaped baffle, box-shaped reflector and bent element with branches make the whole structure of the Antenna too complex, increasing the difficulty of engineering implementation. In 2017, a patent [ 2 ] of electronic technology university, a dual-band coplanar common-caliber base station antenna, CN201710782963.5[ P ] 2018-01-26 ] proposes a dual-band coplanar common-caliber antenna for2G/3G/4G base station communication, which has the advantages of flatness, low profile height and compact structure, but the high-frequency antenna is single linear polarization. In 2017, a patent [ 3 ] of southwest traffic university, a dipole dual-polarized antenna applied to 2G/3G/4G base station communication, CN201711037034.8[ P ] 2018-04-13 ], provides a coplanar stripline-fed annular dipole radiation antenna which is simple in structure, the relative bandwidth of VSWR <1.5 reaches 43.5%, but the 800 plus 960MHz frequency band is not taken into consideration for integrated design. In 2018, a patent [ 4 ] (Zhongtian broadband technology limited company, an ultra-wideband dual-polarized base station antenna for2G/3G/4G mobile communication: CN201820323893.7[ P ].2018-09-11 ]) designs an ultra-wideband dual-polarized base station antenna for2G/3G/4G mobile communication, which comprises a reflector, a radiation unit and an n-type bend, and has the advantages of ingenious conception, simple structure, higher isolation and cross polarization ratio, and narrower beam width. In 2019, document [ 5 ] [ r.wu and q.chu, "a Compact, Dual-Polarized multi-band Array for2G/3G/4G Base Stations," in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol.67, No.4, pp.2298-2304, April 2019, doi:10.1109/tap.2019.2902652 ] proposes a Compact wideband Dual-frequency Dual-Polarized antenna Array, but the structure of the low-band antenna unit is relatively complex.
In summary, most 2G/3G/4G base station antennas have the disadvantages of single working frequency band, generally single linear polarization, and complex structure. If the working frequency band of the antenna and the polarization of the antenna are single, the current higher and higher communication requirements cannot be met necessarily, the design and implementation difficulty is increased necessarily by using a complex structure, inconvenience is brought to antenna maintenance, and the cost of the antenna is increased. Document [ 1 ] proposes a dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna applicable to 2G/3G/4G, which has the advantages of high isolation, good radiation characteristics and easy array, but the design of the arc-shaped baffle, the box-shaped reflector and the bent oscillator with branches increases the difficulty of engineering implementation. Patent [ 2 ] discloses a dual-frequency miniaturized low-profile common-aperture antenna, but only linear polarization in one direction of high frequency is considered. Patent [ 3 ] proposes a coplanar stripline fed loop dipole radiation antenna, but does not consider low frequency band to carry out common caliber integrated design. Patent [ 4 ] has proposed a novel ultra wide band dual polarization base station antenna, and the structure is novel ingenious, but horizontal beam width is narrower. The low-frequency band antenna unit of the base station antenna proposed in the document [ 5 ] is complex in structure and is not beneficial to processing and design.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: most of the existing 2G/3G/4G base station antennas have the defects of single working frequency band, generally single linear polarization and complex structure. If the working frequency band of the antenna and the polarization of the antenna are single, the current higher and higher communication requirements cannot be met necessarily, the design and implementation difficulty is increased necessarily by using a complex structure, inconvenience is brought to antenna maintenance, and the cost of the antenna is increased.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the antennas of the two frequency bands are designed in the same space, so that the antennas can be independent and work normally. The high-frequency antenna unit is designed into a dual-polarized antenna, and the isolation level of the port is ensured to meet the application requirement. The antenna structure needs to be as simple and compact as possible in consideration of the background of engineering applications and implementation complexity.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the antennas of the two frequency bands are designed in the same space, so that the antennas can be independent and can normally work, the effect of common caliber can be achieved, the occupied space of the antennas is saved, and the mutual influence between the antennas of different frequency bands is reduced. The high-frequency antenna unit is designed into a dual-polarized antenna, and the isolation level of the port is guaranteed to meet the application requirement, so that the same antenna unit can work in a receiving and transmitting duplex mode, and the antenna has a certain positive effect on solving the problems of polarization mismatch, low transmission efficiency and the like. The antenna structure is made as simple and compact as possible in view of the background of engineering applications and implementation complexity. The antenna can be attached to the practical application background to the maximum extent, and the realizability is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dual-frequency dual-polarization common-caliber base station antenna and a mobile communication system.
The invention is realized in such a way that a dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna comprises an antenna upper-layer dielectric plate, an antenna lower-layer dielectric plate, a feed balun, a grounding connector, a grounding metal bonding pad, a combiner welding structure, a high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch, a high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch, a low-frequency radiation patch and a low-frequency parasitic patch;
the antenna upper dielectric plate is positioned right above the antenna lower dielectric plate; the center of the antenna lower dielectric plate and the center of the antenna upper dielectric plate are positioned on the same straight line; the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch are positioned on the lower surface of the upper dielectric slab of the antenna; the low-frequency radiation patch and the low-frequency parasitic patch are positioned on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric slab of the antenna; and the antenna lower-layer dielectric plate is also provided with a grounding connector and a combiner welding structure.
Furthermore, the antenna upper dielectric plate, the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch, the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch, the low-frequency radiation patch and the low-frequency parasitic patch are positioned above the antenna lower dielectric plate, the shapes and the sizes of the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch are the same, the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch are in a vertical cross state, and the whole antenna is in a shape like a.
Furthermore, the low-frequency radiation patch antenna and the low-frequency parasitic patch are annularly positioned on the upper dielectric plate of the antenna.
Furthermore, the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch carry out coupling feeding through the feeding balun, and the feeding balun of the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric slab of the antenna through the metalized through holes at the intersection position.
Further, the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch are connected with the coaxial line outer skin for grounding, and the feed balun is connected with the coaxial line inner core for feeding;
the upper end of the coaxial line inner core is connected with a feed balun on the upper dielectric plate of the antenna, the lower end of the coaxial line inner core is connected with a feeder on the lower dielectric plate of the antenna, the upper end of the coaxial line outer skin is connected with a high-frequency radiation patch below the upper dielectric plate of the antenna, and the lower end of the coaxial line outer skin is connected with the side edge of the grounding connector.
Further, two feed ports of the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the low-frequency radiation patch are combined by a combiner and then output one feed port;
the feeding mode of the low-frequency radiation patch is probe feeding.
Furthermore, the side of the grounding connector is connected with the coaxial line outer skin of the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch, and the lower side of the grounding connector is connected with a metal pad with a metalized through hole and is electrically connected with the antenna floor.
Furthermore, the vertical distance between the upper-layer dielectric plate of the antenna and the lower-layer dielectric plate of the antenna is 33mm, the peripheral dimension of the upper-layer dielectric plate of the antenna is 125mm x 1mm, the peripheral dimension of the low-frequency radiation patch is 125mm x 125mm, the peripheral dimension of the low-frequency parasitic patch is 108.9mm x 108.9mm, the peripheral dimension of the high-frequency polarization patch is 46mm x 46mm, and the peripheral dimension of the lower-layer dielectric plate of the antenna is 200mm x 200mm 1 mm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication system, wherein the dual-band dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna is installed in the wireless communication system.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the biggest problem of the design of the 2G/3G/4G common-caliber base station antenna at present is that double-frequency dual polarization cannot be considered comprehensively or the structure is complex, so that the higher and higher communication requirements of users cannot be met or the cost of the antenna is increased. Aiming at the problems, the solution provided by the invention not only realizes dual-frequency dual polarization of the antenna, but also has the advantage of simple and compact structure.
The dual-frequency dual-polarization common-caliber base station antenna has the following characteristics: the common-caliber base station antenna has the advantages of miniaturization and compact structure; the isolation and polarization purity of the proposed common-caliber base station antenna are high; the proposed common-caliber base station antenna considers dual-frequency dual polarization and has a simple structure. The biggest problem in the design of the 2G/3G/4G common-caliber base station antenna at present is that dual-frequency cannot be realized simultaneously or dual polarization is not taken into consideration during dual-frequency design, or dual-frequency dual polarization is realized by adopting a complex structure, so that higher and higher communication requirements of users are difficult to meet, or the cost of the antenna is increased.
According to the double-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna provided by the invention, the radiation units of two frequency bands work in one radiation aperture, the difficulty of increasing engineering implementation due to too complex design is avoided, the volume of the antenna is small, the structure is simple and compact, and the antenna can be widely applied to the design of base station antennas of 2G/3G/4G frequency bands. The antenna of the invention can realize the excellent performance of the base station antenna in corresponding frequency in a very small caliber surface, and the antenna has very small volume and mass, relatively compact structure and relatively high isolation between ports. The antenna designed by the invention can be used for a base station antenna of a 2G/3G/4G frequency band.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-frequency dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 1: 1. an antenna upper dielectric plate; 2. an antenna lower dielectric plate; 3, low-frequency radiation patch; 4. high-frequency radiation patch; 5. and feeding the balun.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna upper dielectric plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 2: 101. an antenna upper dielectric plate; 102. a low frequency radiation patch; 103. a low-frequency parasitic patch; 104. a feed balun; 105. high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch; 106. high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch; 107. a low frequency ground port; 108. a low frequency feed port.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna lower dielectric plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 3: 201. an antenna lower dielectric plate; 202. a coaxial wire sheath; 203. a ground metal pad; 204. a ground connector; 205. a combiner welding structure; 206. a microstrip feed line; 207. and a metal pad.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a dual-band dual-polarized co-aperture base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 4: 401. an antenna upper dielectric plate; 402. an antenna lower dielectric plate; 403. an antenna floor.
Fig. 5 is a detailed schematic diagram of a welding structure of a combiner on a lower dielectric plate of an antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 5: 501. a metal pad; 502. the combiner inputs the main port; 503. metallizing the via hole; 504. a high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch feed port; 505. a low frequency radiating patch feed port.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground connector on a lower dielectric plate of an antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 6: 601. a ground connector; 602. the vias are metallized.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a ground connector on a lower dielectric plate of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of reflection coefficients of a dual-band dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of high-frequency S12 of a dual-band dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of low-frequency gain of a dual-frequency dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna in a phi-90 ° plane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of high-frequency gain of a dual-frequency dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna in a phi-90 ° plane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention to illustrate simulation results of cross polarization in a plane of 45 ° phi when a dual-frequency dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna operates at 2.2 GHz.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-band dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna and a mobile communication system, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention designs a double-frequency dual-polarization common-caliber base station antenna unit, and innovatively integrates the antenna units of two frequency bands under the same caliber. The radiator of the high-frequency band antenna unit of the common-caliber antenna unit adopts a planar dipole form, the feeding mode is balun coupling feeding, and two planar dipoles are vertically and crossly placed to form +/-45-degree dual polarization; the low frequency band antenna unit is in the form of a microstrip patch unit, but the inside thereof needs to be perforated so as to place a high frequency antenna therein. The antenna has a two-layer dielectric plate structure, wherein the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna are positioned on the upper dielectric plate, the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate can be provided with a matching circuit of the antenna, and the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate is the floor structure of the antenna.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention is a dual-frequency dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna unit. The antenna is composed of an antenna upper-layer dielectric plate 1 and an antenna lower-layer dielectric plate 2. The vertical height of the antenna upper layer dielectric plate 1 and the antenna lower layer dielectric plate 2 is 33 mm. The low-frequency radiation patch 3 is positioned on the upper layer dielectric plate 1 of the antenna, the high-frequency polarization radiation patch 4 is positioned below the upper layer dielectric plate 1 of the antenna, and the feeding balun 5 is used for feeding the high-frequency radiation patch 4.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of an upper dielectric plate of an antenna, a low-frequency radiation patch 102 and a low-frequency parasitic patch 103 are printed on an upper side of the upper dielectric plate 101 of the antenna; a high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch 105 and a high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch 106 are printed on the lower side of the antenna upper dielectric plate 101; the peripheral dimension of the dielectric plate on the upper layer of the antenna is 125mm x 1mm, the peripheral dimension of the low-frequency radiating patch is 125mm x 125mm, the peripheral dimension of the low-frequency parasitic patch is 108.9mm x 108.9mm, and the peripheral dimension of the high-frequency polarized radiating patch is 46mm x 46 mm.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic view of the structure of the antenna lower dielectric plate, the ground connector 204 and the metal pad 207 are located above the antenna lower dielectric plate 201, the ground connector 204 and the metal pad 207 are electrically connected to the antenna floor through the metalized via 203, the high-frequency polarized radiation patch is connected to the antenna floor through the metal outer skin 202, the ground connector 204 and the metalized via 203, and the peripheral dimension of the antenna lower dielectric plate is 200mm by 1 mm. The high frequency +45 ° polarized radiating patch and the low frequency radiating patch are fed by one combiner welded structure 205 through a feed microstrip line 206, and the high frequency-45 ° polarized radiating patch is fed by a coaxial line.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a front view of the whole structure of the antenna, the antenna floor 403 is located at the lower side of the antenna lower dielectric plate 402, and the antenna upper dielectric plate 401 is located 33mm above the antenna lower dielectric plate 402. Between the two are feed structures of the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas.
Fig. 5 is a detailed schematic diagram of a welding structure of a combiner on a dielectric plate of a lower layer of an antenna. Since the combiner is a six-pin device, three pins are grounding pins, and the other three pins are a high-frequency output pin, a low-frequency output pin and a main input pin, three pads containing metalized via holes 503 are used for connecting the grounding pins of the combiner, and 502, 504 and 505 are used for connecting the main input pin, the high-frequency output pin and the low-frequency output pin of the combiner respectively.
The high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch are different mainly in two points.
One is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, the feeding balun structures of the two dielectric slabs on the upper layer of the antenna are different, and the feeding balun of the high-frequency +45 ° polarized radiation patch and the feeding balun of the high-frequency-45 ° polarized radiation patch are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper layer of the antenna through the metalized via holes at the intersection position so as to avoid overlapping; the second step is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, the feeding method on the lower dielectric plate of the antenna is different, the feeding port of the high-frequency +45 ° polarized radiation patch and the feeding port of the low-frequency radiation patch are fed uniformly by a combiner, and the high-frequency-45 ° polarized radiation patch is fed coaxially and independently.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a grounding connector on a dielectric plate of a lower layer of an antenna. The shadow part of the upper surface of the grounding connector is a metal patch, is used for connecting the coaxial line outer skin of the feed structure of the high-frequency radiation patch with the floor, and has the thickness of 1 mm.
Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a ground connector on a lower dielectric plate of an antenna.
The technical effects of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to simulations.
Fig. 8 is a diagram for illustrating simulation results of transmission coefficients of a dual-band dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the reflection coefficient is less than-10 dB in both the 800-960MHz and 1690-2710MHz frequency bands.
Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of S21 of the dual-band dual-polarized base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the isolation is more than 20dB (S21< -20dB) within the frequency band range of 1690-2710 MHz.
Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of low-frequency gain of a dual-frequency dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna in a phi-90 ° plane according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to simulation results, in the 800-960MHz frequency band, the 3dB beam widths of the antenna in the phi-90 DEG plane are all larger than 60 DEG, and the maximum gain is larger than 5 dBi.
Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of high-frequency gain of a dual-frequency dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna in a phi-90 ° plane according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to simulation results, in the frequency band 1690MHz-2710MHz, the 3dB beam width of the antenna in the phi-90 DEG plane is larger than 50 DEG, and the maximum gain is larger than 5 dBi.
Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of dual-frequency dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna phi being 45 ° in-plane cross polarization when operating at 2.2GHz in an embodiment of the present invention. According to simulation results, the cross polarization ratio of the co-aperture antenna in a plane is larger than 20 dB.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna upper-layer dielectric plate, an antenna lower-layer dielectric plate, a feed balun, a grounding connector, a grounding metal bonding pad, a combiner welding structure, a high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch, a high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch, a low-frequency radiation patch and a low-frequency parasitic patch;
the antenna upper dielectric plate is positioned right above the antenna lower dielectric plate; the center of the antenna lower dielectric plate and the center of the antenna upper dielectric plate are positioned on the same straight line; the high-frequency + 45-degree polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45-degree polarized radiation patch are positioned on the lower surface of the upper dielectric slab of the antenna; the low-frequency radiation patch and the low-frequency parasitic patch are positioned on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric slab of the antenna; and the antenna lower-layer dielectric plate is also provided with a grounding connector and a combiner welding structure.
2. The dual-band dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna upper dielectric plate and the high-frequency +45 ° polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45 ° polarized radiation patch and the low-frequency parasitic patch are located above the antenna lower dielectric plate, and the high-frequency +45 ° polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45 ° polarized radiation patch have the same shape and size, are in a vertical crossing state, and are in a shape of a Chinese character tian as a whole.
3. The dual-band dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the low-frequency radiating patch antenna and the low-frequency parasitic patch are annularly positioned on an upper dielectric plate of the antenna.
4. The dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency +45 ° polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45 ° polarized radiation patch are coupled and fed through a feeding balun, and the feeding balun of the high-frequency +45 ° polarized radiation patch and the feeding balun of the high-frequency-45 ° polarized radiation patch are respectively placed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric plate of the antenna through a metalized via hole at an "intersection" position.
5. The dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency +45 ° polarized radiation patch and the high-frequency-45 ° polarized radiation patch are grounded by being connected to a coaxial line outer skin, and the feeding balun feeds power by being connected to a coaxial line inner core;
the upper end of the coaxial line inner core is connected with a feed balun on the upper dielectric plate of the antenna, the lower end of the coaxial line inner core is connected with a feeder on the lower dielectric plate of the antenna, the upper end of the coaxial line outer skin is connected with a high-frequency radiation patch below the upper dielectric plate of the antenna, and the lower end of the coaxial line outer skin is connected with the side edge of the grounding connector.
6. The dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein two feeding ports of the high-frequency +45 ° polarized radiation patch and the low-frequency radiation patch are combined by a combiner and then output a feeding port;
the feeding mode of the low-frequency radiation patch is probe feeding.
7. A dual-band dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein said ground connector has a side connected to coaxial sheaths of said high-frequency +45 ° polarized radiation patch and said high-frequency-45 ° polarized radiation patch, and a lower side electrically connected to a ground plane of said antenna by being connected to a metal pad having a metallized via hole.
8. The dual-band dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein a vertical distance between the upper dielectric plate of the antenna and the lower dielectric plate of the antenna is 33mm, a peripheral dimension of the upper dielectric plate of the antenna is 125mm x 1mm, a peripheral dimension of the low-frequency radiating patch is 125mm x 125mm, a peripheral dimension of the low-frequency parasitic patch is 108.9mm x 108.9mm, a peripheral dimension of the high-frequency polarized patch is 46mm x 46mm, and a peripheral dimension of the lower dielectric plate of the antenna is 200mm x 1 mm.
9. A wireless communication system, characterized in that the wireless communication system is provided with the dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture base station antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A mobile communication system, characterized in that the mobile communication system is equipped with the dual-band dual-polarized common-aperture base station antenna of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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