CN113109641A - Line capacity-increasing safety control system based on pretesting - Google Patents

Line capacity-increasing safety control system based on pretesting Download PDF

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CN113109641A
CN113109641A CN202110241362.XA CN202110241362A CN113109641A CN 113109641 A CN113109641 A CN 113109641A CN 202110241362 A CN202110241362 A CN 202110241362A CN 113109641 A CN113109641 A CN 113109641A
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temperature
cable
liquid
temperature sensor
test
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CN113109641B (en
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段军
殷伟斌
梁樑
丁一岷
陈鼎
周旻
顾曦华
江洪
曾东
葛黄徐
钱伟杰
李志�
余绍峰
高一波
郭创新
丁一
叶承晋
方攸同
胡景博
唐锦江
郭一凡
金祝飞
邢旭亮
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Zhejiang University ZJU
Zhejiang Huadian Equipment Inspection Institute
Jiaxing Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Zhejiang University ZJU
Zhejiang Huadian Equipment Inspection Institute
Jiaxing Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/20Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

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Abstract

本发明涉及电力技术领域,具体涉及一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,包括预测试系统、监控系统和控制中心,预测试系统获得电缆外护套温度与导体温度的函数关系;监控系统包括沿电缆布设的温度监控器和环境监控器;控制中心与调度中心通信连接,周期性读取目标电缆的实时负载L,将电缆负载L与监控系统获得的电缆外护套温度Tf、环境温度Te及湿度Da关联,获得样本数据,获得电缆的动态最大负载Ld作为增容上限。本发明的实质性效果是:通过预测试获得电缆外护套温度与导体温度之间的函数关系,不仅能够快速获得电缆增容上限,并能够通过监控电缆状态保证电缆的安全可靠。

Figure 202110241362

The invention relates to the field of electric power technology, in particular to a pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system, comprising a pre-test system, a monitoring system and a control center, wherein the pre-test system obtains the functional relationship between the temperature of the cable outer sheath and the conductor temperature; monitoring The system includes temperature monitors and environmental monitors arranged along the cable; the control center is connected to the dispatch center in communication, periodically reads the real-time load L of the target cable, and compares the cable load L with the cable outer sheath temperature Tf, environment obtained by the monitoring system. Correlate the temperature Te and the humidity Da, obtain sample data, and obtain the dynamic maximum load Ld of the cable as the upper limit of capacity expansion. The substantial effect of the invention is that the functional relationship between the temperature of the outer sheath of the cable and the temperature of the conductor can be obtained by pre-testing, which can not only quickly obtain the upper limit of the cable capacity, but also ensure the safety and reliability of the cable by monitoring the state of the cable.

Figure 202110241362

Description

Line capacity-increasing safety control system based on pretesting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a line capacity-increasing safety control system based on pretesting.
Background
Because the loop of the power transmission line is long and the channel environment is complex, when one line is designed, a design unit usually adopts wires with various sections according to the environmental conditions. The unreasonable selection of the sections of partial line conductors cannot meet the rapidly-increased load demand, and the device becomes restrictive equipment for limiting the power supply capacity of a regional power grid. The dynamic capacity increasing technology is that an on-line monitoring device is installed on a power transmission line to monitor the state of a lead and meteorological conditions, the maximum allowable current-carrying capacity of the lead is calculated according to a mathematical model on the premise of not breaking through the regulation of the existing technical regulations, the objectively hidden capacity of the line is fully utilized, and the transmission capacity of the power transmission line is improved.
For example, chinese patent CN105162156B, published 2018, 12 and 18, a method for improving transmission capacity of a power grid based on a dual MMC current converter, comprising: constructing a voltage source converter and a voltage current regulator; the voltage source converter comprises a transmitting end voltage source converter and a receiving end voltage source converter, and the voltage current regulator comprises a transmitting end voltage current regulator and a receiving end voltage current regulator; connecting a transmitting end voltage source converter between a transmitting end alternating current system and a transmitting end voltage current regulator, and connecting a receiving end voltage source converter between a receiving end alternating current system and a receiving end voltage current regulator; the voltage regulator of the transmitting terminal is connected with the voltage regulator of the receiving terminal through an alternating current cable. It does not effectively exploit the transmission potential of existing lines.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the problem of lack of effective cable capacity-increasing technology at present. The system provides capacity of cable capacity increase according to the pretest and on-line monitoring, and improves the power transmission capacity of the existing cable on the premise of ensuring the safety of the cable.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a line capacity-increasing safety control system based on a pretest comprises a pretest system, a monitoring system and a control center, wherein the pretest system is used for constructing the environmental temperature Te and the humidity Da of cable operation to obtain the functional relation Tc = H (Tf, Te and Da) of the temperature of a cable outer sheath and the temperature of a conductor, wherein Tc is the temperature of the conductor, and Tf is the temperature of the cable outer sheath; the monitoring system comprises a temperature monitor and an environment monitor which are arranged along the cable, the temperature monitor monitors the temperature of the outer sheath of the cable, the environment monitor monitors the environment temperature Te and the humidity Da near the cable, and the temperature monitor and the environment monitor are both connected with the control center; the control center is in communication connection with the dispatching center, periodically reads the real-time load L of the target cable, associates the cable load L with the cable outer sheath temperature Tf, the environment temperature Te and the humidity Da obtained by the monitoring system to obtain sample data, constructs a function Tc = G (L, Te, Da) after obtaining enough sample data, obtains the dynamic maximum load Ld of the cable according to the current environment temperature Te and the humidity Da, enables the dynamic maximum load Ld to enable G (Ld, Te, Da) = Tc _ max, and the Tc _ max is the upper limit value of the working temperature of the cable, periodically feeds the dynamic maximum load Ld back to the dispatching center by the control center to serve as the upper limit of capacity expansion, periodically calculates the conductor temperature Tc according to (Tf, Te, Da) by the control center, if Tc is greater than k.Tc _ max, k is a safety factor, and k is less, the control center sends an alarm to the dispatch center and instructs the dispatch center to reduce the cable load L. The method has the advantages that the functional relation between the temperature of the cable outer sheath and the temperature of the conductor is obtained through pretesting, the method can be more suitable for complex and changeable environments compared with the method for establishing thermal model calculation, the efficiency is higher, the temperature of the cable conductor can be obtained in real time by monitoring the temperature and the environment of the cable outer sheath in real time, the temperature is associated with the load L, the functional relation between the cable load and the conductor temperature can be directly obtained, and then the load of the cable when the conductor temperature reaches the upper limit is obtained, namely the upper limit of cable capacity increasing. According to the scheme, the upper limit of cable capacity increase can be quickly obtained, and the safety and reliability of the cable can be guaranteed by monitoring the state of the cable.
Preferably, the cable comprises an overhead cable and a through-well cable, the monitoring system comprises an infrared temperature monitor and a thermocouple temperature monitor, the infrared temperature monitor is mounted on the tower and comprises an infrared image temperature measuring unit and a communication module, the infrared image temperature measuring unit shoots infrared images of the cables on two sides of the tower and converts the infrared images into a temperature distribution diagram, the infrared image temperature measuring unit is connected with the communication module, and the communication unit is connected with the control center; the thermocouple temperature monitor comprises a control unit, a voltmeter, a current source, a resistor R0, a convergence belt and a plurality of annular belt, the convergence belt comprises a rubber sheath, a positive wire, a negative wire and a grounding wire, the convergence belt is arranged in parallel with the cable, the annular belt comprises a rubber annular belt, a puncture head, a detection circuit and a thermistor, the rubber annular belt is wound outside the cable, the thermistor is positioned between the rubber annular belt and the cable, the puncture head and the thermistor are both connected with the detection circuit, the puncture head punctures the rubber sheath of the convergence belt, the puncture head is provided with three puncture heads, the three puncture heads are respectively connected with the positive wire, the negative wire and the grounding wire, the positive wire is connected with a resistor R0, a resistor R0 is connected with the positive electrode of the voltmeter and the current source, and the negative electrodes of the negative wire, the negative electrode, the grounding wire, the negative electrode of the voltmeter and the current source are, and the voltage meter current collecting sources are all connected with the control unit. Infrared temperature monitors and thermocouple temperature monitors are capable of monitoring the temperature of the outer jacket of the cable. Through the mode of gathering area and loop tape, be fit for the cable full line and carry out temperature monitoring, gather the area and lay along the cable, every interval is a distance around the loop tape on the cable to through puncture head loop tape and gathering the area intercommunication, improve and lay efficiency.
Preferably, the detection circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, an electronic switch K1, and an electronic switch K2, the resistor R1 is connected in series with the electronic switch K1 to form a first detection arm, the thermistor Rf is connected in series with the electronic switch K2 to form a second detection arm, both ends of the first detection arm and the second detection arm are connected to the positive electrode line and the negative electrode line, respectively, the resistor R3, the resistor R4, and the resistor R5 are connected in series to form a voltage division resistor string, the voltage division resistor string is connected between the positive electrode line and the ground line, the resistor R3 is close to the positive electrode line, the resistor R5 is close to the ground line, the control terminal of the electronic switch K1 is connected between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4, and the control terminal of the electronic switch K2 is connected between the resistor. The resistors R3, R4 and R5 are used for voltage division, so that when the current value given by the current source is increased from small to large, the electronic switch K1 and the electronic switch K2 are sequentially conducted after obtaining sufficient divided voltage, when the electronic switch K1 and the electronic switch K2 are sequentially conducted, the voltage value detected by the voltmeter is divided by the current given by the current source to obtain a total resistor, the change of the total resistor is the resistance value change quantity before and after the resistor R1 and the thermistor Rf are connected in parallel, the resistor R1 is known, and then the value of the thermistor Rf can be obtained, namely the temperature value at the thermistor Rf is obtained.
Preferably, the pretest system comprises a test cable, a liquid injection head, a liquid injection pipe, a liquid return head, a liquid return pipe, a liquid tank, a liquid injection pump, a heater, an in-tank temperature sensor, an inlet temperature sensor, an outlet temperature sensor, a plurality of sheath temperature sensors and a controller, wherein the test cable has a preset length L, two ends of the test cable are exposed, a through hole is processed in the middle of a conductor of the test cable, the wall thickness of the conductor of the cable after the through hole is processed is marked as sigma, one end of the liquid injection pipe is connected with the liquid injection pump, the liquid injection pump is connected with the liquid tank, the liquid injection head is used for communicating the liquid injection pipe with the through hole at one end of the conductor of the cable, the liquid return head is used for communicating the liquid return pipe with the through hole at the other end of the conductor of the cable, the liquid return pipe is connected with the liquid tank, the heater is installed in, the temperature sensor is installed on the liquid injection head, detects the temperature of liquid in the liquid injection head, the outlet temperature sensor is installed on the liquid return head, detects the temperature of liquid in the liquid return head, and a plurality of sheath temperature sensors are installed on the outer sheath of the toilet cable to detect the temperature on the outer sheath, and the liquid injection pump, the heater, the temperature sensor in the tank, the inlet temperature sensor, the outlet temperature sensor and the plurality of sheath temperature sensors are all connected with the controller. The liquid heated to the preset temperature is used for enabling the conductor temperature of the cable to reach the preset temperature, the conductor does not need to be heated through large current, energy is saved, and safety is improved. And (3) introducing the liquid heated to the preset temperature into the test cable, maintaining for a period of time, so that the temperature of the cable can reach a stable state, detecting the temperature at the moment, and obtaining the heat dissipation condition of the test cable, thereby obtaining the heat dissipation model of the cable. Through the velocity meter and the feedback control to the liquid injection pump, the velocity of flow of liquid can be stabilized, and the interference and the error of the test are reduced.
Preferably, still install the agitator in the liquid tank, the agitator includes stirring rod, stirring leaf and agitator motor, the stirring rod rotates with the liquid tank to be connected, agitator motor installs outside the liquid tank, the stirring leaf is installed on the stirring rod, the stirring rod passes the liquid tank and is connected with agitator motor.
Preferably, the heater comprises a front heating sheet set and a rear heating sheet set, the temperature sensor in the tank comprises a tank temperature sensor and a middle temperature sensor, the tank temperature sensor is installed near the liquid return pipe and the liquid tank connecting port, the middle temperature sensor is installed in the middle of the liquid tank, the front heating sheet set is installed between the tank temperature sensor and the middle temperature sensor, the rear heating sheet set is installed between the middle temperature sensor and the liquid injection pump, and the tank temperature sensor and the middle temperature sensor are both connected with the controller. The liquid which is just refluxed and is cooler is arranged near the front heating sheet group, the temperature should be rapidly increased, the rear heating sheet group can avoid uneven heating, and the temperature balance is improved.
Preferably, the front heating plate group and the rear heating plate group both comprise a plurality of heating plates arranged in parallel, the arrangement distance of the heating plates of the front heating plate group is larger than that of the rear heating plate group, the cross section area of the heating plates of the front heating plate group is larger than that of the rear heating plate group, and the number of the heating plates of the rear heating plate group is larger than that of the front heating plate group.
Preferably, the pretesting system further comprises a temperature compensator, the temperature compensator is installed on the liquid injection pipe, the temperature compensator comprises a shell, a compensation cylinder, a sliding plug, a compensation spring, a liquid supplementing pipe, a locking head, a front temperature sensor and a rear temperature sensor, the shell is installed on the liquid injection pipe, the compensation cylinder is installed in the shell, one end of the compensation cylinder is open and the other end of the compensation cylinder is closed, the open end of the compensation cylinder is communicated with the liquid injection pipe, the sliding plug is installed in the compensation cylinder, the sliding plug is abutted to the inner wall of the compensation cylinder, one end of the compensation spring is fixedly connected with the sliding plug, the other end of the compensation spring is fixedly connected with the closed end of the compensation cylinder, one end of the liquid supplementing pipe is communicated with the part of the cylinder close to the closed end, the other end of the liquid supplementing pipe is communicated with the liquid injection pipe, the locking, the compensating spring both ends are passed through the wire and are connected with electronic switch K1 and power VT1, leading temperature sensor installs on annotating the liquid pipe, leading temperature sensor is located one side that a compensation section of thick bamboo is close to the infusion pump, front end temperature sensor installs the position that a compensation section of thick bamboo is close to annotating the liquid pipe, rear end temperature sensor installs the position that a compensation section of thick bamboo is close to the fluid infusion pipe, electronic switch K1 control end, locking head, leading temperature sensor, front end temperature sensor and rear end temperature sensor all are connected with the controller. The temperature compensator can make the liquid temperature more uniform, and the accuracy of the cable heat dissipation model is improved. The liquid in the liquid tank is heated to reach the preset temperature, and the liquid at each part cannot be heated by the heater, so that the temperature of the liquid is unevenly distributed. But the temperature difference is not large, and the temperature compensator can compensate the non-uniformity of the temperature distribution. The spring is electrified to contract, and the contraction quantity of the spring is related to the magnitude of the current passing through the spring. Through the closed duty cycle of PWM mode control electronic switch K1, can control the electric current size that flows through compensating spring, and then control compensating spring's shrinkage, front end temperature sensor position is low temperature liquid, and rear end temperature sensor position is high temperature liquid, and when compensating spring shrinkage increased, can impress high temperature liquid and annotate the liquid pipe, otherwise, when compensating spring shrinkage reduced, can impress low temperature liquid and annotate the liquid pipe, and then the compensation annotates the distribution inhomogeneity of intraductal temperature of liquid. The locking head is locked to enable the sliding plug not to move, the locking head can use an electromagnetic lock, an electric push rod and the like, then the compensation spring is electrified to enable the compensation spring to generate heat, and the effect of heating liquid at the position of the rear-end temperature sensor is achieved.
Preferably, the locking head comprises a locking pipe, a locking block and a locking spring, the locking pipe is mounted on the compensation cylinder, the locking block is connected with the locking pipe in a sliding mode, one end of the locking spring is fixedly connected with the locking block, the other end of the locking spring is fixedly connected with the locking pipe, the compensation cylinder is provided with a hole for the locking block to pass through, the position of the locking block corresponds to that of the sliding plug, two ends of the locking spring are connected with the electronic switch K2 and the power supply VT2 through conducting wires, and the control end of the electronic switch K2 is connected with the controller.
Preferably, the pretesting system further comprises a pressure regulator, the pressure regulator is installed on the liquid injection pipe, the pressure regulator comprises a base body and a hydraulic sensor, a plurality of parallel adjusting barrels are processed on the base body, one end opening end of each adjusting barrel is closed, the opening end of each adjusting barrel is communicated with the liquid injection pipe, the hydraulic sensor is installed on the liquid injection pipe to detect the liquid pressure in the liquid injection pipe, an adjusting spring and an adjusting slide block are arranged in each adjusting barrel, the adjusting slide block is slidably installed in the adjusting barrel and abutted against the inner wall of the adjusting barrel, one end of each adjusting spring is fixedly connected with the corresponding adjusting slide block, the other end of each adjusting spring is connected with the closed end of the corresponding adjusting barrel, two ends of each adjusting spring are connected with an electronic switch K3 and a power supply VT3 through leads, and the part, between the adjusting slide block and the liquid injection pipe, and the control ends of the hydraulic sensor and the electronic switch K3 are connected with a controller.
As preferred, the pretesting system still includes the environmental simulation case, the environmental simulation case includes box, fan, circulation wind channel, air heater, air-cooler, humidifier, dehumidifier, temperature and humidity sensor, anemograph and control module, the box is airtight, the both ends of box are connected respectively to circulation wind channel both ends, fan, air heater with, air-cooler, humidifier and dehumidifier are all installed in the circulation wind channel, temperature and humidity sensor installs in the box, detects the humiture of the internal air of box, the anemograph is installed in the box, the velocity of flow of the internal air of anemograph detection box, fan, circulation wind channel, air heater, air-cooler, humidifier, dehumidifier, temperature and humidity sensor and anemograph all are connected with control module. The environment simulation box can simulate the environment humiture and the wind speed, and provides a test environment close to reality.
Preferably, the pretest system performs the steps of: A) setting a plurality of groups of test parameters in a pre-test system, wherein the test parameters comprise ambient temperature, ambient humidity, wind speed and liquid temperature, detecting the temperature of the outer sheath under each group of test parameters, and taking the temperature of the outer sheath and the test parameters as sample data; B) step A), after obtaining a sufficient amount of sample data, performing function fitting to obtain a function of conductor temperature to outer sheath temperature, environment humidity and wind speed as a detection function, wherein the conductor temperature is liquid temperature; C) in actual monitoring, obtaining the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity, the wind speed and the outer sheath temperature of a target cable, obtaining the conductor temperature of the cable according to a detection function, reading the load of the cable at the moment, recording the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity, the wind speed, the load and the conductor temperature, associating the conductor temperature with the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity, the wind speed and the load to serve as second sample data, and if the conductor temperature exceeds a set threshold value, giving an alarm; D) after enough second sample data is obtained, performing function fitting to obtain a function of the conductor temperature to the load, the environment temperature, the environment humidity and the wind speed as a derivation function; E) according to the derivation function, when the conductor temperature is equal to the upper limit temperature, the functions of the load on the environment temperature, the environment humidity and the wind speed are obtained and used as the upper limit derivation function; F) and periodically obtaining the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity and the wind speed of the target cable, and obtaining the dynamic maximum load of the cable in the period according to an upper limit derivation function, wherein the dynamic maximum load is the dynamic capacity-increasing upper limit.
The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: the method has the advantages that the functional relation between the temperature of the cable outer sheath and the temperature of the conductor is obtained through pretesting, the method can be more suitable for complex and changeable environments compared with the method for establishing thermal model calculation, the efficiency is higher, the temperature of the cable conductor can be obtained in real time by monitoring the temperature and the environment of the cable outer sheath in real time, the temperature is associated with the load L, the functional relation between the cable load and the conductor temperature can be directly obtained, and then the load of the cable when the conductor temperature reaches the upper limit is obtained, namely the upper limit of cable capacity increasing. According to the scheme, the upper limit of cable capacity increase can be quickly obtained, and the safety and reliability of the cable can be guaranteed by monitoring the state of the cable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pretest system according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test cable according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature compensator according to an embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pressure regulator according to an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a thermocouple temperature monitor according to an embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a thermocouple temperature monitor according to an embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a detection circuit according to an embodiment.
Wherein: 100. the testing cable comprises 101 a testing cable body, 102 a sheath layer, 102 an armor layer, 103 a lining layer, 104 a conductor, 105 an insulating layer, 200 a pipeline, 301 a liquid injection head, 302 a liquid injection pipe, 303 a liquid return pipe, 400 a temperature compensator, 401 a compensation spring, 402 a sliding plug, 403 a compensation cylinder, 404 a locking block, 405 a locking spring, 406 a locking pipe, 407 a liquid supplementing pipe, 408 a shell, 500 a pressure regulator, 501 a regulating spring, 502 a regulating cylinder, 503 a regulating slider, 504 a liquid storage section, 505 a base body, 611 a collecting belt, 612, a cushion block, 613 a negative wire, 614 a grounding wire, 615 a positive wire, 621 a loop wire belt, 622, a thermistor, a puncture, a head, 624 and a supporting block.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a line capacity-increasing safety control system based on a pretest comprises a pretest system, a monitoring system and a control center, wherein the pretest system constructs the environment temperature Te and the humidity Da of cable operation to obtain the functional relation Tc = H (Tf, Te, Da) of the temperature of a cable outer sheath and the conductor temperature, wherein Tc is the conductor temperature, and Tf is the temperature of the cable outer sheath; the monitoring system comprises a temperature monitor and an environment monitor which are arranged along the cable, the temperature monitor monitors the temperature of the outer sheath of the cable, the environment monitor monitors the environment temperature Te and the humidity Da near the cable, and the temperature monitor and the environment monitor are both connected with the control center; the control center is in communication connection with the dispatching center, periodically reads the real-time load L of the target cable, associates the cable load L with the cable outer sheath temperature Tf, the environment temperature Te and the humidity Da obtained by the monitoring system to obtain sample data, constructs a function Tc = G (L, Te, Da) after obtaining enough sample data, obtains the dynamic maximum load Ld of the cable according to the current environment temperature Te and the humidity Da, enables the dynamic maximum load Ld to enable G (Ld, Te, Da) = Tc _ max and Tc _ max to be the upper limit value of the working temperature of the cable, periodically feeds the dynamic maximum load Ld back to the dispatching center as the upper limit of capacity expansion by the control center, periodically calculates the conductor temperature Tc according to (Tf, Te, Da) by the control center, if Tc is greater than k.Tc _ max, k is a safety factor, and k is less than 1, the control center sends an alarm to the dispatch center and instructs the dispatch center to reduce the cable load L. The method has the advantages that the functional relation between the temperature of the cable outer sheath and the temperature of the conductor is obtained through pretesting, the method can be more suitable for complex and changeable environments compared with the method for establishing thermal model calculation, the efficiency is higher, the temperature of the cable conductor can be obtained in real time by monitoring the temperature and the environment of the cable outer sheath in real time, the temperature is associated with the load L, the functional relation between the cable load and the conductor temperature can be directly obtained, and then the load of the cable when the conductor temperature reaches the upper limit is obtained, namely the upper limit of cable capacity increasing.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pretest system comprises a test cable 100, a liquid injection head 301, a liquid injection pipe 302, a liquid return head, a liquid return pipe 303, a liquid tank, a liquid injection pump, a heater, an in-tank temperature sensor, an inlet temperature sensor, an outlet temperature sensor, a plurality of sheath temperature sensors and a controller, wherein the test cable 100 has a preset length L, the test cable 100 sequentially comprises a sheath layer 101, an armor layer 102, an inner liner 103 and a plurality of conductors 104 covered with an insulating layer 105 from outside to inside, two ends of the test cable 100 are exposed, a through hole is processed in the middle of the conductor of the test cable 100, the wall thickness of the conductor after the through hole is processed is marked as sigma, one end of the liquid injection pipe 302 is connected with the liquid injection pump, the liquid injection pump is connected with the liquid tank, the liquid injection head 301 connects the liquid return pipe 302 with the through hole at one end of the cable conductor, the liquid return head connects the liquid return pipe, the heater is installed in the liquid tank, incasement temperature sensor installs in the liquid tank, detect the temperature of liquid incasement liquid, entry temperature sensor installs on annotating liquid head 301, detect the temperature of liquid in annotating liquid head 301, exit temperature sensor installs at returning liquid overhead, detect the temperature of liquid in the liquid head that returns, a plurality of sheath temperature sensor installs on lavatory cable oversheath, detect the temperature on the oversheath, the priming pump, the heater, incasement temperature sensor, entry temperature sensor, exit temperature sensor and a plurality of sheath temperature sensor all are connected with the controller. The liquid heated to the preset temperature is used for enabling the conductor temperature of the cable to reach the preset temperature, the conductor does not need to be heated through large current, energy is saved, and safety is improved. And (3) introducing the liquid heated to the preset temperature into the test cable 100, and maintaining for a period of time, so that the temperature of the cable can reach a stable state, and detecting the temperature at the moment can obtain the heat dissipation condition of the test cable 100, thereby obtaining the heat dissipation model of the cable. Through the velocity meter and the feedback control to the liquid injection pump, the velocity of flow of liquid can be stabilized, and the interference and the error of the test are reduced.
Still install the agitator in the liquid tank, the agitator includes stirring rod, stirring leaf and agitator motor, and the stirring rod rotates with the liquid tank to be connected, and agitator motor installs outside the liquid tank, and the stirring leaf is installed on the stirring rod, and the stirring rod passes the liquid tank and is connected with agitator motor.
The heater includes leading heating plate group and rearmounted heating plate group, and incasement temperature sensor includes into case temperature sensor and middle part temperature sensor, and income case temperature sensor installs near liquid return pipe 303 and liquid case connector, and middle part temperature sensor installs at the liquid case middle part, and leading heating plate group installs between income case temperature sensor and middle part temperature sensor, and rearmounted heating plate group installs between middle part temperature sensor and notes liquid pump, and income case temperature sensor and middle part temperature sensor all are connected with the controller. The liquid which is just refluxed and is cooler is arranged near the front heating sheet group, the temperature should be rapidly increased, the rear heating sheet group can avoid uneven heating, and the temperature balance is improved.
The front heating plate group and the rear heating plate group respectively comprise a plurality of heating plates which are arranged in parallel, the arrangement distance of the heating plates of the front heating plate group is larger than that of the rear heating plate group, the cross section area of the heating plates of the front heating plate group is larger than that of the rear heating plate group, and the number of the heating plates of the rear heating plate group is larger than that of the front heating plate group.
The pretest system further comprises a temperature compensator 400, as shown in fig. 3, the temperature compensator 400 is mounted on the liquid injection pipe 302, the temperature compensator 400 comprises a shell 408, a compensation cylinder 403, a sliding plug 402, a compensation spring 401, a liquid supplementing pipe 407, a locking head, a front temperature sensor and a rear temperature sensor, the shell 408 is mounted on the liquid injection pipe 302, the compensation cylinder 403 is mounted in the shell 408, one end of the compensation cylinder 403 is open and the other end of the compensation cylinder 403 is closed, the open end of the compensation cylinder 403 is communicated with the liquid injection pipe 302, the sliding plug 402 is mounted in the compensation cylinder 403, the sliding plug 402 is abutted against the inner wall of the compensation cylinder 403, one end of the compensation spring 401 is fixedly connected with the sliding plug 402, the other end of the compensation spring 401 is fixedly connected with the closed end of the compensation cylinder 403, one end of the liquid supplementing pipe 407 is communicated with the part of the cylinder close to the closed end, the other end of the liquid supplementing, the two ends of the compensation spring 401 are connected with an electronic switch K1 and a power supply VT1 through conducting wires, the front temperature sensor is installed on the liquid injection pipe 302 and is positioned on one side of the compensation cylinder 403 close to the liquid injection pump, the front temperature sensor is installed at the position of the compensation cylinder 403 close to the liquid injection pipe 302, the rear temperature sensor is installed at the position of the compensation cylinder 403 close to the liquid supplement pipe 407, and the control end, the locking head, the front temperature sensor and the rear temperature sensor of the electronic switch K1 are all connected with the controller. The temperature compensator 400 can make the liquid temperature more uniform, and the accuracy of the cable heat dissipation model is improved. The liquid in the liquid tank is heated to reach the preset temperature, and the liquid at each part cannot be heated by the heater, so that the temperature of the liquid is unevenly distributed. However, the temperature difference is not large, and the temperature compensator 400 can compensate for the unevenness of the temperature distribution. The spring is electrified to contract, and the contraction quantity of the spring is related to the magnitude of the current passing through the spring. Through the closed duty cycle of PWM mode control electronic switch K1, can control the electric current size that flows through compensating spring 401, and then control compensating spring 401's shrinkage, front end temperature sensor position is low temperature liquid, rear end temperature sensor position is high temperature liquid, when compensating spring 401 shrinkage increases, can impress high temperature liquid and annotate liquid pipe 302, otherwise, when compensating spring 401 shrinkage reduces, can impress low temperature liquid and annotate liquid pipe 302, and then the distribution inhomogeneity of temperature in the compensation notes liquid pipe 302. The locking head is locked to enable the sliding plug 402 not to move, the locking head can use an electromagnetic lock, an electric push rod and the like, then the compensation spring 401 is electrified to enable the compensation spring 401 to generate heat, and the effect of heating liquid at the position of the rear-end temperature sensor is achieved.
The locking head comprises a locking pipe 406, a locking block 404 and a locking spring 405, the locking pipe 406 is mounted on a compensation cylinder 403, the locking block 404 is connected with the locking pipe 406 in a sliding mode, one end of the locking spring 405 is fixedly connected with the locking block 404, the other end of the locking spring 405 is fixedly connected with the locking pipe 406, a hole for the locking block 404 to pass through is formed in the compensation cylinder 403, the position of the locking block 404 corresponds to that of the sliding plug 402, two ends of the locking spring 405 are connected with an electronic switch K2 and a power supply VT2 through conducting wires, and the control end of the electronic switch K2 is connected with a controller.
The pretest system further comprises a pressure regulator 500, as shown in fig. 4, the pressure regulator 500 is installed on the liquid injection pipe 302, the pressure regulator 500 comprises a base 505 and a hydraulic sensor, a plurality of parallel adjusting cylinders 502 are processed on the base 505, one end of each adjusting cylinder 502 is open and the other end is closed, the open end of each adjusting cylinder 502 is communicated with the liquid injection pipe 302, the hydraulic sensor is installed on the liquid injection pipe 302 and is used for detecting the liquid pressure in the liquid injection pipe 302, an adjusting spring 501 and an adjusting slider 503 are arranged in the adjusting cylinder 502, the adjusting slider 503 is slidably installed in the adjusting cylinder 502, the adjusting slider 503 is abutted against the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder 502, one end of the adjusting spring 501 is fixedly connected with the adjusting slider 503, the other end of the adjusting spring 501 is connected with the closed end of the adjusting cylinder 502, two ends of the adjusting spring 501 are connected with an electronic switch K3 and a power supply VT3 through conducting wires, the control ends of the hydraulic sensor and the electronic switch K3 are connected with the controller.
The pretesting system further comprises an environment simulation box, the environment simulation box comprises a box body, a fan, a circulating air channel, a hot air blower, an air cooler, a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a temperature and humidity sensor, an anemometer and a control module, the box body is closed, two ends of the circulating air channel are respectively connected with two ends of the box body, the fan, the hot air blower, the air cooler, the humidifier and the dehumidifier are all installed in the circulating air channel, the temperature and humidity sensor is installed in the box body, the temperature and humidity of the air in the box body are detected, the anemometer is installed in the box body, the anemometer detects the flow velocity of the air in the box body, and the fan, the circulating air channel, the hot air blower, the air. The environment simulation box can simulate the environment humiture and the wind speed, and provides a test environment close to reality.
The pretest system performs the following steps: A) setting a plurality of groups of test parameters in a pre-test system, wherein the test parameters comprise ambient temperature, ambient humidity, wind speed and liquid temperature, detecting the temperature of the outer sheath under each group of test parameters, and taking the temperature of the outer sheath and the test parameters as sample data; B) step A), after obtaining a sufficient amount of sample data, performing function fitting to obtain a function of conductor temperature to outer sheath temperature, environment humidity and wind speed as a detection function, wherein the conductor temperature is liquid temperature; C) in actual monitoring, obtaining the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity, the wind speed and the outer sheath temperature of a target cable, obtaining the conductor temperature of the cable according to a detection function, reading the load of the cable at the moment, recording the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity, the wind speed, the load and the conductor temperature, associating the conductor temperature with the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity, the wind speed and the load to serve as second sample data, and if the conductor temperature exceeds a set threshold value, giving an alarm; D) after enough second sample data is obtained, performing function fitting to obtain a function of the conductor temperature to the load, the environment temperature, the environment humidity and the wind speed as a derivation function; E) according to the derivation function, when the conductor temperature is equal to the upper limit temperature, the functions of the load on the environment temperature, the environment humidity and the wind speed are obtained and used as the upper limit derivation function; F) and periodically obtaining the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity and the wind speed of the target cable, and obtaining the dynamic maximum load of the cable in the period according to an upper limit derivation function, wherein the dynamic maximum load is the dynamic capacity-increasing upper limit.
The cable comprises an overhead cable and a through-well cable, the through-well cable comprises a plurality of cables which are arranged in the cable pipeline 200 side by side, the monitoring system comprises an infrared temperature monitor and a thermocouple temperature monitor, the infrared temperature monitor is mounted on the tower and comprises an infrared image temperature measuring unit and a communication module, the infrared image temperature measuring unit shoots infrared images of the cables on the two sides of the tower and converts the infrared images into a temperature distribution diagram, the infrared image temperature measuring unit is connected with the communication module, and the communication unit is connected with the control center; as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the thermocouple temperature monitor comprises a control unit, a voltmeter, a current source, a resistor R0, a collection belt 611 and a plurality of loop belts 621, wherein the collection belt 611 comprises a rubber sheath, a positive wire 615, a negative wire 613 and a ground wire 614, the collection belt 611 is arranged in parallel with the cable, a cushion block 612 is arranged between the collection belt 611 and the cable, the loop belts 621 comprise rubber loops, puncture heads 623, a detection circuit and thermistors 622, the rubber loops are bound around the cable, the thermistors 622 are arranged between the rubber loops and the cable, the thermistors 622 are mounted on a supporting block 624, the supporting block 624 is arranged between the rubber loops and the cable, the puncture heads 623 and the thermistors 622 are connected with the detection circuit, the puncture heads 623 are respectively punctured through the rubber sheath of the collection belt 611, the puncture heads 623 are provided with three puncture heads 623, and the three puncture heads 623 are respectively connected with the positive wire 615, the negative wire 613, the positive line 615 is connected to a resistor R0, the resistor R0 is connected to the positive pole of a voltmeter and a current source, the negative line 613, the ground line 614, the negative pole of the voltmeter, and the negative pole of the current source are all grounded, and the voltmeter and the current source are all connected to the control unit. Infrared temperature monitors and thermocouple temperature monitors are capable of monitoring the temperature of the outer jacket of the cable. The temperature monitoring device is suitable for temperature monitoring of the whole cable in a mode of the collecting belt 611 and the loop belt 621, the collecting belt 611 is laid along the cable, the loop belt 621 is wound on the cable at intervals, the loop belt 621 is communicated with the collecting belt 611 through the puncture head 623, and the laying efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 7, the detection circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, an electronic switch K1, and an electronic switch K2, wherein the resistor R1 is connected in series with the electronic switch K1 to form a first detection arm, the thermistor 622Rf is connected in series with the electronic switch K2 to form a second detection arm, two ends of the first detection arm and the second detection arm are connected to the positive line 615 and the negative line 613, the resistor R3, the resistor R4, and the resistor R5 are connected in series to form a voltage division resistor string, the voltage division resistor string is connected between the positive line 615 and the ground line 614, the resistor R3 is close to the positive line 615, the resistor R5 is close to the ground line 614, the control terminal of the electronic switch K1 is connected between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4, and the control terminal of the electronic switch K2 is connected between the resistor R. The resistors R3, R4 and R5 are used for voltage division, so that when the current value given by the current source is increased from small to large, the electronic switch K1 and the electronic switch K2 are sequentially conducted after obtaining sufficient divided voltage, when the electronic switch K1 and the electronic switch K2 are sequentially conducted, the voltage value detected by the voltmeter is divided by the current given by the current source to obtain a total resistor, the change of the total resistor is the resistance value change quantity before and after the resistor R1 and the thermistor 622Rf are connected in parallel, the resistor R1 is known, and then the value of the thermistor 622Rf can be obtained, namely the temperature value at the thermistor 622Rf is obtained.
The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are: the method has the advantages that the functional relation between the temperature of the cable outer sheath and the temperature of the conductor is obtained through pretesting, the method can be more suitable for complex and changeable environments compared with the method for establishing thermal model calculation, the efficiency is higher, the temperature of the cable conductor can be obtained in real time by monitoring the temperature and the environment of the cable outer sheath in real time, the temperature is associated with the load L, the functional relation between the cable load and the conductor temperature can be directly obtained, and then the load of the cable when the conductor temperature reaches the upper limit is obtained, namely the upper limit of cable capacity increasing. According to the scheme, the upper limit of cable capacity increase can be quickly obtained, and the safety and reliability of the cable can be guaranteed by monitoring the state of the cable.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.

Claims (12)

1.一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,1. a line capacity expansion safety control system based on pre-test, is characterized in that, 包括预测试系统、监控系统和控制中心,Including pre-test system, monitoring system and control center, 所述预测试系统构建电缆运行的环境温度Te及湿度Da,获得电缆外护套温度与导体温度的函数关系Tc =H(Tf,Te,Da),其中Tc为导体温度,Tf为电缆外护套温度;The pre-test system constructs the ambient temperature Te and humidity Da of the cable operation, and obtains the functional relationship between the temperature of the outer sheath of the cable and the temperature of the conductor Tc = H(Tf, Te, Da), where Tc is the conductor temperature, and Tf is the outer sheath of the cable. jacket temperature; 所述监控系统包括沿电缆布设的温度监控器和环境监控器,温度监控器监测电缆外护套温度,环境监控器监控电缆附近的环境温度Te及湿度Da,温度监控器以及环境监控器均与控制中心连接;The monitoring system includes a temperature monitor and an environmental monitor arranged along the cable, the temperature monitor monitors the temperature of the outer sheath of the cable, and the environmental monitor monitors the ambient temperature Te and humidity Da near the cable. control center connection; 所述控制中心与调度中心通信连接,周期性读取目标电缆的实时负载L,将电缆负载L与监控系统获得的电缆外护套温度Tf、环境温度Te及湿度Da关联,获得样本数据,获得足够的样本数据后构建函数Tc=G(L,Te,Da),依据当前环境温度Te及湿度Da,获得电缆的动态最大负载Ld,动态最大负载Ld使得G(Ld,Te,Da)= Tc_max,Tc_max为线缆工作温度上限值,控制中心周期性将动态最大负载Ld反馈给调度中心,作为增容上限,控制中心周期性根据(Tf,Te,Da),计算导体温度Tc,若Tc> k·Tc_max,k为安全系数,k<1,则控制中心向调度中心发出告警,并指示调度中心降低电缆的负载L。The control center is connected to the dispatch center in communication, periodically reads the real-time load L of the target cable, associates the cable load L with the cable outer sheath temperature Tf, ambient temperature Te and humidity Da obtained by the monitoring system, obtains sample data, and obtains After enough sample data, the function Tc=G(L,Te,Da) is constructed, and the dynamic maximum load Ld of the cable is obtained according to the current ambient temperature Te and humidity Da. The dynamic maximum load Ld makes G(Ld,Te,Da)= Tc_max , Tc_max is the upper limit of the cable operating temperature, the control center periodically feeds back the dynamic maximum load Ld to the dispatch center as the upper limit of the capacity increase, the control center periodically calculates the conductor temperature Tc according to (Tf, Te, Da), if Tc > k·Tc_max, k is the safety factor, k<1, the control center sends an alarm to the dispatching center and instructs the dispatching center to reduce the load L of the cable. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,2. a kind of pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 所述电缆包括架空电缆和穿井电缆,所述监控系统包括红外温度监测器和热电偶温度监测器,所述红外温度监测器安装在塔架上,所述红外温度监测器包括红外图像测温单元和通信模块,所述红外图像测温单元拍摄塔架两侧电缆的红外图像并转换为温度分布图,红外图像测温单元与通信模块连接,所述通信单元与控制中心连接;The cable includes an overhead cable and a well cable, the monitoring system includes an infrared temperature monitor and a thermocouple temperature monitor, the infrared temperature monitor is installed on the tower, and the infrared temperature monitor includes an infrared image temperature measurement A unit and a communication module, the infrared image temperature measurement unit captures the infrared images of the cables on both sides of the tower and converts it into a temperature distribution map, the infrared image temperature measurement unit is connected with the communication module, and the communication unit is connected with the control center; 所述热电偶温度监测器包括控制单元、电压表、电流源、电阻R0、汇集带和若干个环线带,所述汇集带包括橡胶外皮、正极线、负极线和接地线,所述汇集带与电缆平行设置,所述环线带包括橡胶环带、穿刺头、检测电路和热敏电阻,所述橡胶环带环绕绑在电缆外,所述热敏电阻位于橡胶环带和电缆之间,所述穿刺头以及热敏电阻均与检测电路连接,穿刺头均刺穿汇集带的橡胶外皮,所述穿刺头设有三个,三个所述穿刺头分别与正极线、负极线和接地线连接,所述正极线与电阻R0连接,电阻R0与电压表和电流源的正极连接,负极线、接地线、电压表负极以及电流源的负极均接地,所述电压表集电流源均与控制单元连接。The thermocouple temperature monitor includes a control unit, a voltmeter, a current source, a resistance R0, a collecting belt and several loop wire belts. The collecting belt includes a rubber sheath, a positive wire, a negative wire and a ground wire. The cables are arranged in parallel, and the loop belt includes a rubber loop belt, a puncture head, a detection circuit and a thermistor, the rubber loop belt is wrapped around the cable, and the thermistor is located between the rubber loop belt and the cable. Both the puncture head and the thermistor are connected with the detection circuit, and the puncture heads all pierce the rubber outer skin of the collection belt. There are three puncture heads, and the three puncture heads are respectively connected with the positive wire, the negative wire and the ground wire. The positive wire is connected to the resistor R0, the resistor R0 is connected to the positive electrode of the voltmeter and the current source, the negative wire, the ground wire, the negative electrode of the voltmeter and the negative electrode of the current source are all grounded, and the current collecting source of the voltmeter is all connected to the control unit. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,3. A kind of pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, 所述检测电路包括电阻R1、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、电子开关K1和电子开关K2,电阻R1与电子开关K1串联构成第一检测臂,热敏电阻Rf与电子开关K2串联构成第二检测臂,第一检测臂和第二检测臂两端分别与正极线和负极线连接,电阻R3、电阻R4及电阻R5串联构成分压电阻串,分压电阻串连接在正极线和接地线之间,电阻R3靠近正极线,电阻R5靠近接地线,电子开关K1的控制端连接在电阻R3和电阻R4之间,电子开关K2的控制端连接在电阻R4和电阻R5之间。The detection circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, an electronic switch K1 and an electronic switch K2. The resistor R1 is connected in series with the electronic switch K1 to form a first detection arm, and the thermistor Rf is connected in series with the electronic switch K2 to form a second detection arm. The detection arm, the two ends of the first detection arm and the second detection arm are respectively connected with the positive line and the negative line, the resistor R3, the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are connected in series to form a voltage divider resistor string, and the voltage divider resistor string is connected between the positive wire and the ground wire. In between, the resistor R3 is close to the positive wire, the resistor R5 is close to the ground wire, the control terminal of the electronic switch K1 is connected between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4, and the control terminal of the electronic switch K2 is connected between the resistor R4 and the resistor R5. 4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,4. A kind of pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, 所述预测试系统包括测试电缆、注液头、注液管、回液头、回液管、液箱、注液泵、加热器、箱内温度传感器、入口温度传感器、出口温度传感器、若干个护套温度传感器和控制器,The pre-test system includes a test cable, a liquid injection head, a liquid injection pipe, a liquid return head, a liquid return pipe, a liquid tank, a liquid injection pump, a heater, a temperature sensor in the tank, an inlet temperature sensor, an outlet temperature sensor, several jacket temperature sensor and controller, 所述测试电缆具有预设的长度L,所述测试电缆的两端裸露,所述测试电缆的导体中部加工有通孔,加工通孔后的电缆导体壁厚记为σ,所述注液管一端与注液泵连接,注液泵与液箱连接,所述注液头将注液管与电缆导体一端的通孔连通,所述回液头将回液管与电缆导体另一端的通孔连通,所述回液管与液箱连接,所述加热器安装在液箱内,所述箱内温度传感器安装在液箱内,检测液箱内液体的温度,所述入口温度传感器安装在注液头上,检测注液头内液体的温度,所述出口温度传感器安装在回液头上,检测回液头内液体的温度,若干个护套温度传感器安装在厕所电缆外护套上,检测外护套上的温度,所述注液泵、加热器、箱内温度传感器、入口温度传感器、出口温度传感器以及若干个护套温度传感器均与控制器连接。The test cable has a preset length L, the two ends of the test cable are exposed, the middle of the conductor of the test cable is processed with a through hole, and the wall thickness of the cable conductor after processing the through hole is marked as σ, and the liquid injection pipe One end is connected with the liquid injection pump, the liquid injection pump is connected with the liquid tank, the liquid injection head connects the liquid injection pipe with the through hole at one end of the cable conductor, and the liquid return head connects the liquid return pipe with the through hole at the other end of the cable conductor The liquid return pipe is connected to the liquid tank, the heater is installed in the liquid tank, the temperature sensor in the tank is installed in the liquid tank to detect the temperature of the liquid in the liquid tank, and the inlet temperature sensor is installed in the injection tank. On the liquid head, the temperature of the liquid in the liquid injection head is detected. The outlet temperature sensor is installed on the liquid return head to detect the temperature of the liquid in the liquid return head. Several sheath temperature sensors are installed on the outer sheath of the toilet cable to detect The temperature on the outer sheath, the liquid injection pump, the heater, the temperature sensor in the box, the inlet temperature sensor, the outlet temperature sensor and several sheath temperature sensors are all connected to the controller. 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,5. A pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, 所述液箱内还安装有搅拌器,所述搅拌器包括搅拌棒、搅拌叶和搅拌电机,所述搅拌棒与液箱转动连接,所述搅拌电机安装在液箱外,所述搅拌叶安装在所述搅拌棒上,所述搅拌棒穿过液箱与搅拌电机连接。A stirrer is also installed in the liquid tank, and the stirrer includes a stirring rod, a stirring blade and a stirring motor. The stirring rod is rotatably connected with the liquid tank, the stirring motor is installed outside the liquid tank, and the stirring blade is installed On the stirring rod, the stirring rod is connected to the stirring motor through the liquid tank. 6.根据权利要求4所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,6. A pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, 所述加热器包括前置加热片组和后置加热片组,所述箱内温度传感器包括入箱温度传感器和中部温度传感器,所述入箱温度传感器安装在回液管与液箱连接口附近,所述中部温度传感器安装在液箱中部,所述前置加热片组安装在入箱温度传感器和中部温度传感器之间,所述后置加热片组安装在中部温度传感器和注液泵之间,所述入箱温度传感器和中部温度传感器均与控制器连接。The heater includes a front heating plate group and a rear heating plate group. The temperature sensor in the box includes an inlet temperature sensor and a middle temperature sensor. The inlet temperature sensor is installed near the connection port of the liquid return pipe and the liquid tank. , the middle temperature sensor is installed in the middle of the liquid tank, the front heating plate group is installed between the inlet temperature sensor and the middle temperature sensor, and the rear heating plate group is installed between the middle temperature sensor and the liquid injection pump , the temperature sensor in the box and the temperature sensor in the middle are connected with the controller. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,7. A pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, 所述前置加热片组以及后置加热片组均包括若干个平行排列的加热片,所述前置加热片组的加热片排列间距大于后置加热片组,所述前置加热片组的加热片横截面积大于后置加热片组,所述后置加热片组的加热片数量大于前置加热片组。The front heating plate group and the rear heating plate group both include several heating plates arranged in parallel. The cross-sectional area of the heating piece is larger than that of the rear heating piece group, and the number of heating pieces of the rear heating piece group is larger than that of the front heating piece group. 8.根据权利要求4所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,8. A pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, 所述预测试系统还包括温度补偿器,所述温度补偿器安装在注液管上,The pre-test system further includes a temperature compensator, which is installed on the liquid injection pipe, 所述温度补偿器包括壳体、补偿筒、滑塞、补偿弹簧、补液管、锁定头、前置温度传感器、前端温度传感器和后端温度传感器,所述壳体安装在注液管上,所述补偿筒安装在壳体内,所述补偿筒一端开口一端封闭,所述补偿筒开口端与注液管连通,所述滑塞安装在补偿筒内,所述滑塞与补偿筒内壁抵接,所述补偿弹簧一端与滑塞固定连接,补偿弹簧另一端与补偿筒封闭端固定连接,所述补液管一端连通筒靠近封闭端的部分,补液管另一端与注液管连通,所述锁定头安装在补偿筒外壁,所述锁定头用于锁定及解锁滑塞,所述补偿弹簧两端通过导线与电子开关K1和电源VT1连接,所述前置温度传感器安装在注液管上,所述前置温度传感器位于补偿筒靠近注液泵的一侧,所述前端温度传感器安装在补偿筒靠近注液管的位置,所述后端温度传感器安装在补偿筒靠近补液管的位置,所述电子开关K1控制端、锁定头、前置温度传感器、前端温度传感器以及后端温度传感器均与控制器连接。The temperature compensator includes a casing, a compensating cylinder, a sliding plug, a compensating spring, a liquid replenishing pipe, a locking head, a front temperature sensor, a front temperature sensor and a rear temperature sensor, and the casing is installed on the liquid injection pipe. The compensation cylinder is installed in the casing, one end of the compensation cylinder is open and the other end is closed, the open end of the compensation cylinder is communicated with the liquid injection pipe, the sliding plug is installed in the compensation cylinder, and the sliding plug is in contact with the inner wall of the compensation cylinder, One end of the compensation spring is fixedly connected with the sliding plug, and the other end of the compensation spring is fixedly connected with the closed end of the compensation cylinder. On the outer wall of the compensation cylinder, the locking head is used to lock and unlock the sliding plug, the two ends of the compensation spring are connected to the electronic switch K1 and the power supply VT1 through wires, the front temperature sensor is installed on the liquid injection pipe, the front The temperature sensor is located on the side of the compensation cylinder close to the liquid injection pump, the front-end temperature sensor is installed in the position of the compensation cylinder close to the liquid injection pipe, the rear temperature sensor is installed in the position of the compensation cylinder close to the liquid injection pipe, and the electronic switch The K1 control terminal, locking head, front temperature sensor, front temperature sensor and rear temperature sensor are all connected with the controller. 9.根据权利要求8所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,9. A pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, 所述锁定头包括锁定管、锁定块和锁定弹簧,所述锁定管安装在补偿筒上,所述锁定块与锁定管滑动连接,所述锁定弹簧一端与锁定块固定连接,锁定弹簧另一端与锁定管固定连接,所述补偿筒开有用于锁定块通过的孔,所述锁定块位置与滑塞对应,所述锁定弹簧两端通过导线与电子开关K2和电源VT2连接,所述电子开关K2控制端与控制器连接。The locking head includes a locking tube, a locking block and a locking spring, the locking tube is mounted on the compensation cylinder, the locking block is slidably connected with the locking tube, one end of the locking spring is fixedly connected with the locking block, and the other end of the locking spring is connected with the locking tube. The locking tube is fixedly connected, the compensation cylinder is provided with a hole for the locking block to pass through, the position of the locking block corresponds to the sliding plug, the two ends of the locking spring are connected to the electronic switch K2 and the power supply VT2 through wires, and the electronic switch K2 The control terminal is connected with the controller. 10.根据权利要求4所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,10. A pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, 所述预测试系统还包括压力调节器,所述压力调节器安装在注液管上,The pre-test system also includes a pressure regulator, which is installed on the liquid injection pipe, 所述压力调节器包括基体和液压传感器,所述基体上加工有若干个并排的调节筒,所述调节筒一端开口一端封闭,所述调节筒开口端与注液管连通,所述液压传感器安装在注液管上,检测注液管内的液体压力,所述调节筒内设有调节弹簧和调节滑块,所述调节滑块滑动安装在调节筒内,调节滑块与调节筒内壁抵接,所述调节弹簧一端与调节滑块固定连接,调节弹簧另一端与调节筒封闭端连接,所述调节弹簧两端通过导线与电子开关K3和电源VT3连接,所述调节筒位于调节滑块和注液管之间的部分为储液段,所述液压传感器及电子开关K3控制端均与控制器连接。The pressure regulator includes a base body and a hydraulic pressure sensor. A number of side-by-side adjustment cylinders are processed on the base body. One end of the adjustment cylinder is open and the other end is closed. The open end of the adjustment cylinder is communicated with the liquid injection pipe. The hydraulic pressure sensor is installed On the liquid injection pipe, the liquid pressure in the liquid injection pipe is detected. The adjustment cylinder is provided with an adjustment spring and an adjustment slider. The adjustment slider is slidably installed in the adjustment cylinder, and the adjustment slider is in contact with the inner wall of the adjustment cylinder. One end of the adjustment spring is fixedly connected to the adjustment slider, the other end of the adjustment spring is connected to the closed end of the adjustment cylinder, the two ends of the adjustment spring are connected to the electronic switch K3 and the power supply VT3 through wires, and the adjustment cylinder is located between the adjustment slider and the injector. The part between the liquid pipes is the liquid storage section, and the hydraulic pressure sensor and the control end of the electronic switch K3 are all connected to the controller. 11.根据权利要求4所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,11. A pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, 所述预测试系统还包括环境模拟箱,所述环境模拟箱包括箱体、风扇、循环风道、热风机、冷风机、加湿器、除湿器、温湿度传感器、风速计和控制模块,The pre-test system further includes an environmental simulation box, which includes a box body, a fan, a circulating air duct, a hot air blower, an air cooler, a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a temperature and humidity sensor, an anemometer and a control module, 所述箱体密闭,所述循环风道两端分别连接箱体的两端,所述风扇、热风机以、冷风机、加湿器以及除湿器均安装在循环风道内,所述温湿度传感器安装在箱体内,检测箱体内空气的温湿度,所述风速计安装在箱体内,所述风速计检测箱体内空气的流速,所述风扇、循环风道、热风机、冷风机、加湿器、除湿器、温湿度传感器以及风速计均与控制模块连接。The box body is airtight, and the two ends of the circulating air duct are respectively connected to the two ends of the box body. The fan, hot air blower, air cooler, humidifier and dehumidifier are all installed in the circulating air duct. In the box, the temperature and humidity of the air in the box are detected. The anemometer is installed in the box. The anemometer detects the flow rate of the air in the box. The controller, temperature and humidity sensor and anemometer are all connected to the control module. 12.根据权利要求4所述的一种基于预测试的线路增容安全管控系统,其特征在于,12. A pre-test-based line capacity expansion safety management and control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, 所述预测试系统执行以下步骤:The pre-test system performs the following steps: A)在预测试系统中设置多组测试参数,测试参数包括环境温度、环境湿度、风速以及液体温度,检测每组测试参数下的外护套温度,将外护套温度和测试参数作为样本数据;A) Set up multiple sets of test parameters in the pre-test system, the test parameters include ambient temperature, ambient humidity, wind speed and liquid temperature, detect the outer sheath temperature under each set of test parameters, and use the outer sheath temperature and test parameters as sample data ; B)步骤A)获得足够数量的样本数据后,进行函数拟合,获得导体温度对外护套温度、环境温度、环境湿度及风速的函数,作为检测函数,导体温度即液体温度;B) Step A) After obtaining a sufficient number of sample data, perform function fitting to obtain the conductor temperature as a function of the outer sheath temperature, ambient temperature, ambient humidity and wind speed, as the detection function, the conductor temperature is the liquid temperature; C)在实际监测中,获得目标电缆的环境温度、环境湿度、风速以及外护套温度,根据检测函数获得电缆的导体温度,读取此时电缆的负荷,记录环境温度、环境湿度、风速、负荷以及导体温度,将导体温度与环境温度、环境湿度、风速以及负荷关联,作为第二样本数据,若导体温度超过设定阈值,则发出报警;C) In the actual monitoring, obtain the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, wind speed and outer sheath temperature of the target cable, obtain the conductor temperature of the cable according to the detection function, read the load of the cable at this time, record the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, wind speed, Load and conductor temperature, correlate the conductor temperature with the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, wind speed and load, as the second sample data, if the conductor temperature exceeds the set threshold, an alarm will be issued; D)获得足够的第二样本数据后,进行函数拟合,获得导体温度对负荷、环境温度、环境湿度及风速的函数,作为推导函数;D) After obtaining enough second sample data, perform function fitting to obtain the function of conductor temperature to load, ambient temperature, ambient humidity and wind speed as a derivation function; E)根据推导函数,获得当导体温度等于上限温度时,负荷对环境温度、环境湿度及风速的函数,作为上限推导函数;E) According to the derivation function, when the conductor temperature is equal to the upper limit temperature, the function of the load on the ambient temperature, ambient humidity and wind speed is obtained as the upper limit derivation function; F)周期性获得目标电缆的环境温度、环境湿度以及风速,根据上限推导函数,获得此周期内电缆的动态最大负载,动态最大负载即为动态增容上限。F) Periodically obtain the ambient temperature, ambient humidity and wind speed of the target cable, and obtain the dynamic maximum load of the cable in this period according to the upper limit derivation function. The dynamic maximum load is the upper limit of the dynamic capacity increase.
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