CN113108678A - Method for measuring and adjusting center of fixed part of hydroelectric generating set - Google Patents
Method for measuring and adjusting center of fixed part of hydroelectric generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN113108678A CN113108678A CN202110400375.7A CN202110400375A CN113108678A CN 113108678 A CN113108678 A CN 113108678A CN 202110400375 A CN202110400375 A CN 202110400375A CN 113108678 A CN113108678 A CN 113108678A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/252—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes for measuring eccentricity, i.e. lateral shift between two parallel axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/004—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring coordinates of points
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B5/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/20—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B5/201—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring roundness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/245—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing perpendicularity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring and adjusting the center of a fixed part of a hydroelectric generating set, which relates to the field of generators.S 1 measures the center of the fixed part, and takes the center of a fixed leakage-stopping ring as a reference to hang and adjust a first piano wire to the center of the fixed leakage-stopping ring; s2, measuring the average center, roundness and verticality of the stator core; s3, checking the deviation amount between the center of the fixed component and the average center of the stator core; s4, hanging a second piano wire by taking the average center of the stator core as a reference center line according to the deviation amount, and adjusting the fixing component by taking the second piano wire as a reference so that the deviation between the center of the fixing component and the second piano wire meets the specification requirement; the average center of the stator core is used as the adjustment reference of other fixed parts for adjustment, and a new center line is determined, so that the center of the water-turbine generator set meets the standard requirement, the workload of center adjustment of the generator set and the cost of equipment and materials can be reduced, and the risks of stator core out-of-round, local deformation, stator bar damage and the like generated when the center of the stator core is adjusted can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of generators, in particular to a method for measuring and adjusting the center of a fixed part of a water-turbine generator set.
Background
The measurement and adjustment of the center of the hydroelectric generating set are an important process in the process of unit installation, maintenance and technical transformation. The measurement and adjustment precision of the device directly influences the installation and maintenance quality of the whole hydroelectric generating set. The common or traditional method for measuring and adjusting the center of the fixed part of the mixed-flow water-turbine generator set comprises the following steps: the center of a water turbine installation reference member (a fixed leakage-stopping ring) is taken as a reference, a plumb line is hung through the center of a unit installation reference member, the center deviation of the stator, the upper frame, the lower frame, the top cover or the supporting cover and other parts is measured and calculated by taking the plumb line as the reference, the center deviation of the stator, the upper frame, the lower frame, the top cover or the supporting cover and other parts is adjusted to be within a qualified range, and after the center of each part is adjusted to be qualified, the center line is determined to be the center line of the unit. Generally, after the unit is installed, the center line of the unit is fixed and cannot be changed, and the installation of other fixed parts is adjusted by taking the center line of the unit (a steel wire line suspended at the center) as a reference.
When a hydroelectric generating set is overhauled or technically improved, the problem that the center of a generator stator and the center of a water turbine are not concentric or have poor concentricity due to the fact that a stator core is loosened and deformed after a generator runs for a long time, the installation quality is unqualified during power station construction and the like is often encountered, when the problem is solved, the common or traditional method is to calculate the data of the center of the generator stator measured by an inner diameter micrometer by adopting an arithmetic method, then the center of a water turbine installation reference part, namely a fixed leakage stop ring, is taken as a reference, and the position of the stator is adjusted to enable the deviation between the center of the stator and the center of the water turbine to reach a qualified range. In the calculation work of the measured data of the stator center, if the stator of the hydraulic generator is out of round or deformed, more data are required to be measured, and the center of the unit cannot be accurately determined by adopting the conventional measurement and calculation method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and designs a method for measuring and adjusting the center of a fixed part of a water-turbine generator set.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
the method for measuring and adjusting the center of the fixed part of the hydroelectric generating set comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the center of each fixed part, and taking the center of the fixed leakage-stopping ring as a reference to hang and adjust the first piano wire to the center position of the fixed leakage-stopping ring;
s2, measuring and determining the average center, roundness and verticality of the stator core in the water-turbine generator set;
s3, verifying the deviation amount of the center of each fixed component and the average center of the stator core;
and S4, hanging a second piano wire by taking the average center of the stator core as a reference center line according to the deviation amount of the center of each fixed component and the average center of the stator core, and adjusting each fixed component by taking the second piano wire as a reference so that the deviation of the center of each fixed component and the second piano wire meets the specification requirement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the average center of the stator iron core is used as an adjustment reference of other fixed parts of the water-turbine generator set, the center of each fixed part is adjusted, and a new center line of the water-turbine generator set is determined, so that the center of the water-turbine generator set meets the standard requirement, the workload of center adjustment of the set and the equipment and material costs can be greatly reduced, the risks of stator iron core out-of-round, local deformation, stator bar damage and the like caused when the center of the stator iron core is adjusted can be avoided, if the stator bar is damaged or the stator iron core is out-of-round and local deformation, the stator bar is replaced, the stator is re-stacked, and therefore, higher equipment cost and construction; and the method can simplify the construction difficulty and procedure and shorten more unit maintenance periods.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a generator according to a measuring and adjusting method of the center of a fixed part of a hydroelectric generating set according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an analysis schematic diagram of the center of a stator core of the measuring and adjusting method of the center of a fixed part of the hydroelectric generating set;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an inner circle curve of a stator core of the measuring and adjusting method for the center of the fixed part of the hydroelectric generating set;
wherein corresponding reference numerals are:
1-upper frame, 2-lower frame, 3-first piano wire, 4-inside micrometer, 5-stator core, 6-top cover, 7-seat ring, 8-fixed leakage-stopping ring, 9-bottom ring, 10-draft tube, 11-measuring circuit, 12-upper part, 13-middle part and 14-lower part.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, or the orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and may be a communication between the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for measuring and adjusting the center of the fixed part of the hydroelectric generating set, wherein the fixed part of the hydroelectric generating set comprises a fixed leakage-stopping ring 8, a bottom ring 9, a seat ring 7, a lower frame 2, an upper frame 1 and a top cover 6, comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the center of each of the above-mentioned fixed members, and suspending and adjusting the first piano wire 3 to the center position of the fixed leak-stopping ring 8 with the center of the fixed leak-stopping ring 8 as a reference;
s0, adopting an inside micrometer 4 to respectively measure the distance between the center of each fixed part and the first piano wire 3, determining the center deviation of each fixed part, and finishing the measurement and adjustment when the center deviation meets the standard requirement; when the center deviation exceeds the specification requirement, the process proceeds to S2.
S2, measuring and determining the average center, roundness and verticality of the stator core 5 in the water-turbine generator set; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, dividing the sections of the upper part 12, the middle part 13 and the lower part 143 of the stator core 5 into 16, 24 or 32 equal parts along the circumferential direction, wherein each equal part is a measuring point, measuring the distance from each measuring point to the first piano wire 3 by using an inside micrometer 4, and determining the radius sizes of the sections of the upper part 12, the middle part 13 and the lower part 143 of the stator core 5 according to the distance of each measuring point;
s22, analyzing and determining centers and eccentricity values of 143 sections of the upper part 12, the middle part 13 and the lower part of the iron core, the roundness of the stator iron core 5 and the verticality of the stator iron core 5;
s221, calculating the measurement average value of the distance of each measurement point on the upper 12, middle 13 and lower 143 sections of the stator core 5 by using an EXCEL table, and marking the maximum value and the minimum value after calculation according to the specification; the value of X in the table is positive and is indicated to the right of the first piano line 3; the value of X is negative and is indicated to the left of the first piano line 3; the value of Y is positive, indicated above the first piano line 3; the Y value is negative and indicates below the first piano line 3. After determining X, Y two coordinate values, determining the actual eccentric size and direction of 143 sections of the upper part 12, the middle part 13 and the lower part of the stator core 5;
s222, measuring the average value, comparing deviation trends before and after adjustment of the center of the same position by adopting a broken line graph method, and reflecting data deviation in each direction by utilizing an EXCEL radar map;
s223, the individual measurement point angle and the measurement value (a) are calculated using the functional formula in EXCEL (SIN (Bn + PI ()/180) and COS (Bn + PI ()/180))1∠θ1°;A2∠θ2°;……;An∠θnConversion to rectangular coordinates (X °)1,Y1;X2,Y2;……;Xn,Yn);
S224, generating a curve by the rectangular coordinate in the CAD in an automatic drawing mode, and simulating the roundness condition of the stator core 5 reflected by the inner circle curve of the stator core 5, wherein the roundness condition is shown in figure 3;
s225 using average method X ═ X (X)1+X2+……+Xn)/N,Y=(Y1+Y2+……+Yn) Calculating the theoretical centers of the inner circle curves of the upper part 12, the middle part 13 and the lower part 14 of the stator core 5 as shown in FIG. 2;
s226, dividing the vertical face of the stator core 5 into 3 sections, generating a three-dimensional cylinder, and reflecting the roundness of the stator core 5 and the vertical face verticality;
s23, projecting the centers of the cross sections of the upper part 12 and the lower part 14 to the plane of the middle part 13 of the stator core 5, and determining the average center of the 3 center points as the average center of the stator core 5.
S3, determining the deviation between the center of each fixing member and the second piano wire by a four-point centering method, specifically including:
determining the deviation of the measurement center from the second piano line in the X-direction, Δ X [ + X [ ]Stator-(-XFixing member)】/2;
Determining the deviation of the measurement center from the second piano line in the Y direction, Δ Y [ + Y ═ YStator-(-YFixing member)】/2;
determining the directional relationship between the measurement center and the second piano wireWherein XStatorAnd YStatorIs the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate values of the stator core 5, XFixing memberAnd YFixing memberIs the coordinate values of the X axis and the Y axis of the stator core 5, and theta is the line connecting the measuring center and the average center of the stator core 5An included angle;
on a plane diagram, according to a drawing method, values measured by each fixed part are uniformly distributed on the outer circle of a circle diagram, the value and the direction of eccentricity of the circle diagram are drawn by arrows, the offset value and the direction of the center of each fixed part and the average center of the generator are obtained, and the value and the direction of the eccentricity of the center of each fixed part are marked in a rectangular coordinate diagram.
And S4, hanging a second piano wire by taking the average center of the stator core 5 as a reference center line according to the deviation amount of the center of each fixed component and the average center of the stator core 5, and adjusting each fixed component by taking the second piano wire as a reference so that the deviation of the center of each fixed component and the second piano wire meets the specification requirement.
The average center of the stator iron core 5 is used as an adjustment reference of other fixed parts of the water-turbine generator set, the center of each fixed part is adjusted, and a new center line of the water-turbine generator set is determined, so that the center of the water-turbine generator set meets the standard requirement, the workload of center adjustment of the set and the equipment and material costs can be greatly reduced, the risks of stator iron core 5 out-of-round, local deformation, damage of a stator bar and the like caused when the center of the stator iron core 5 is adjusted can be avoided, if the stator bar is damaged or the stator iron core 5 is out-of-round and local deformation, the stator bar is replaced, the stator is reassembled, and therefore, the equipment cost and; and the method can simplify the construction difficulty and procedure and shorten more unit maintenance periods.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for measuring and adjusting the center of the fixed part of the hydroelectric generating set comprises a fixed leakage-stopping ring, a bottom ring, a seat ring, a lower frame, an upper frame and a top cover, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, measuring the center of each fixed part, and taking the center of the fixed leakage-stopping ring as a reference to hang and adjust the first piano wire to the center position of the fixed leakage-stopping ring;
s2, measuring and determining the average center, roundness and verticality of the stator core in the water-turbine generator set;
s3, verifying the deviation amount of the center of each fixed component and the average center of the stator core;
and S4, hanging a second piano wire by taking the average center of the stator core as a reference center line according to the deviation amount of the center of each fixed component and the average center of the stator core, and adjusting each fixed component by taking the second piano wire as a reference so that the deviation of the center of each fixed component and the second piano wire meets the specification requirement.
2. The method for determining and adjusting the center of a fixed part of a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, wherein S2 comprises:
s21, measuring the radius sizes of 3 sections of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the stator core;
s22, analyzing and determining centers and eccentricity values of 3 sections of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the iron core, the roundness of the stator iron core and the verticality of the stator iron core;
and S23, after the centers of the upper section and the lower section are projected to the middle plane of the stator core, determining the average center of the 3 central points as the average center of the stator core.
3. The method for determining and adjusting the center of a fixed member of a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 2, wherein in S21, the 3 sections of the upper portion, the middle portion and the lower portion of the stator core are divided into a plurality of equal divisions along the circumferential direction, each equal division point is a measuring point, the distance from each measuring point to the first piano line is measured, and the radius size of the 3 sections of the upper portion, the middle portion and the lower portion of the stator core is determined according to the distance of each measuring point.
4. The method for determining and adjusting the center of a fixed part of a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 3, wherein the step S22 comprises:
s221, analyzing and calculating the measurement average value of the distance of each measurement point on 3 sections of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the stator core;
s222, measuring the average value, comparing deviation trends before and after adjustment of the center of the same position by adopting a broken line graph method, and reflecting data deviation in each direction by utilizing an EXCEL radar map;
s223, converting the angle and the measurement value of the single measurement point into rectangular coordinates by using sin and cos functions of an EXCEL table;
s224, generating a curve by the rectangular coordinate in the CAD in an automatic drawing mode, and simulating the roundness condition of the stator core reflected by the inner circle curve of the stator core;
s225, calculating the theoretical center of the inner circle curve as the average center of the stator core by using an average value method;
s226, dividing the vertical face of the stator core into 3 sections, generating a three-dimensional cylinder, and reflecting the roundness of the stator core and the verticality of the vertical face.
5. The method for measuring and adjusting the center of a fixed component of a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 4, wherein in step S3, a four-point centering method is used to determine the deviation amount between the center of each fixed component and the average center of the stator core, and specifically comprises: determining deviation amount of the measuring center in the X direction from the average center of the stator core, wherein delta X is [ X [ + X [ ]Stator-(-XFixing member) 2/2; determining deviation amount of the measurement center in the Y direction from the average center of the stator core, wherein delta Y is [ Y ═ Y [ + Y%Stator-(-YFixing member) 2/2; determining the deviation value of the measuring center and the average center of the stator core,determining the directional relation between the measuring center and the average center of the stator coreWherein XStatorAnd YStatorIs the X-and Y-axis coordinate value of the stator core, XFixing memberAnd YFixing memberThe coordinate values of the X axis and the Y axis of the stator core are shown, and theta is an included angle between a connecting line of the measuring center and the average center of the stator core.
6. The method for determining and adjusting the center of a fixed part of a hydroelectric generating set according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising the step of S0 between S1 and S2, respectively measuring the distance between the center of each fixed part and the first piano line, determining the center deviation of each fixed part, and finishing the determination and adjustment when the center deviation meets the specification requirement; when the center deviation exceeds the specification requirement, the process proceeds to S2.
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