CN113107903A - Self-circulation casing treatment device capable of circumferentially deflecting counter-rotating compressor - Google Patents

Self-circulation casing treatment device capable of circumferentially deflecting counter-rotating compressor Download PDF

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CN113107903A
CN113107903A CN202110488333.3A CN202110488333A CN113107903A CN 113107903 A CN113107903 A CN 113107903A CN 202110488333 A CN202110488333 A CN 202110488333A CN 113107903 A CN113107903 A CN 113107903A
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self
counter
casing
section
circulation
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CN113107903B (en
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高丽敏
郭彦超
王磊
茅晓晨
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/522Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-circulation casing processing device capable of circumferentially deflecting a counter-rotating compressor, and belongs to the technical field of flow control inside impeller machinery. Comprises three parts of a suction section, a bridge circuit and a gas injection section. The two-dimensional molded line of the air suction section is formed by two semicircular arcs, and the two-dimensional molded line of the air injection section is formed by NURBS fitting. The counter-rotating compressor rotor R2 may significantly improve stall margin through this self-circulating casing treatment, which may reduce efficiency losses compared to other forms of casing treatment. The stability expanding effect of the self-circulation casing treatment is examined on a certain 2-stage counter-rotating gas compressor. The downstream of a suction port of the self-circulation casing treatment is 25% of the axial chord length from the front edge of the blade top of the rear row rotor R2, the upstream of a gas nozzle from the front edge of the blade top of the rear row rotor R2 is 40% of the axial chord length, a gas injection angle and a gas suction angle are 10 degrees, and the throat area ratio is 4.0. Research shows that under 70-100% of design rotating speed, the stall margin of the counter-rotating compressor can be obviously improved by self-circulation casing treatment.

Description

Self-circulation casing treatment device capable of circumferentially deflecting counter-rotating compressor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flow control in impeller machinery, in particular to a counter-rotating compressor applied to a novel pneumatic layout and a device for improving the stall margin of the counter-rotating compressor, and specifically relates to a self-circulation processing casing with adjustable circumferential deflection angle and convenient movement of axial position.
Background
The large thrust-weight ratio and the wide margin are the targets continuously pursued by the aeroengine, and the elimination of the middle-stage stationary blade structure in the counter-rotating compressor greatly reduces the weight of the compressor and the axial size of the compressor, so the counter-rotating compressor is considered to be one of important technologies for improving the thrust-weight ratio of the engine. Compared with a conventional compressor, the airflow from the front row rotor can not be combed by the stator blade row and directly enters the rear row rotor, and the wake generated by the front row rotor enhances the nonuniformity of the inlet flow field of the rear row rotor. In addition, the rear row rotor blades bear higher aerodynamic load by further acting on the airflow, the increase of the blade load increases the strength of clearance leakage flow, a blade tip leakage vortex formed after the blade tip leakage vortex is mixed with a main flow/end wall boundary layer blocks a main flow channel, and the compressor finally enters a destabilization state along with the continuous enhancement of the blocking effect of the blade tip leakage vortex on the channel. In the counter-rotating compressor, the development condition of the leakage flow of the blade tip of the rear-row rotor determines the stability of the whole compressor to a great extent. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the flow field of the rear row rotor blade tip to improve the stall margin of the counter-rotating compressor.
Casing treatment is used as a technology for improving the stall margin of the gas compressor, and is widely applied to the gas compressor due to the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in design, high reliability, good stability expansion effect and the like. Common casing treatment forms are slotted, slotted casing treatment, and the like. Although slot and slot casing treatments can broaden the stable operating range of the compressor, they all suffer from efficiency losses, which are generally higher the improvement of stability margin. Compared with casing treatment, the self-circulation casing treatment can improve the stability margin of the counter-rotating compressor and simultaneously enable the efficiency loss to be minimum or even no efficiency loss. The compressor is used as a rotating impeller machine, airflow has a larger circumferential speed when passing through each blade row, and in order to enable the airflow to easily flow into the self-circulation casing for circulation, the self-circulation casing can be deflected in the circumferential direction to achieve the purpose.
The disclosed invention patent (CN 110145497 a) does not consider the tip circumferential component velocity, neglects the influence of the self-circulation casing circumferential deflection angle on the performance thereof, and makes the efficiency loss caused by the self-circulation casing treatment under the design method larger. From the aerodynamic aspect, deflecting the self-circulating casing in the circumferential direction in the impeller rotation direction can further improve the circulation performance of the self-circulating casing. In addition, the disclosed invention patent (CN 112177981 a) proposes that the structure form of the radial and axial inclined self-circulation casing is a semi-circular arc, and the performance evaluation on an isolated rotor shows that the self-circulation casing has better stability expansion effect than the traditional self-circulation casing, but the distance between the air suction port and the air jet port of the self-circulation casing is shorter, so that the self-circulation casing is difficult to ensure to provide sufficient driving pressure difference when being applied to a counter-rotating compressor, and the processing amount is increased by matching 3 self-circulation casing processing devices in a single channel.
The counter-rotating compressor of the present invention is structurally different from a conventional compressor, so that the flow characteristics inside thereof are also different. The self-circulation casing design method based on the conventional compressor cannot be applied to the counter-rotating compressor. Therefore, an applicable self-circulation casing treatment and stability expansion device is developed based on the unique structural characteristics of the counter-rotating compressor.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a self-circulation casing treatment design method with easily controlled geometric structure on the basis of conventional casing treatment research, which can quickly design the positions of an air suction port, an air jet port and the molded line of the self-circulation casing according to requirements. At the same time, the self-circulating casing can also be deflected in the circumferential direction as required. Which results in higher stall margin improvement and minimal efficiency loss relative to casing processing techniques in a rotary compressor.
Technical scheme
A self-circulation casing processing device capable of deflecting a counter-rotating compressor in the circumferential direction comprises a front row rotor R1, a rear row rotor R2, a suction section, a bridge circuit and a jet section, wherein the suction section, the bridge circuit and the jet section are used for processing the self-circulation casing; the air suction port is positioned right above the blade top of the rear-row rotor R2, and the whole self-circulation casing processing device can move back and forth along the axial direction of the casing and can deflect within the range of 0-60 degrees in the circumferential direction; the air suction port crosses the blade top channel; the circumferential curvature of the whole self-circulation casing processing device is the same as the curvature of the outer wall surface of the compressor casing; the two-dimensional molded line of the air suction section is composed of two semicircular arcs; the two-dimensional molded line of the air injection section is formed by NURBS fitting.
Preferably: the bridges are of constant cross-section design to reduce flow losses.
Preferably: the air injection port and the air suction port are respectively positioned at the axial chord lengths 5.0-40% and 10-30% of the upstream of the front edge of the blade top of the rear-row rotor R2.
Preferably: the air suction angle is 10-45 degrees, and the air injection angle is 5.0-20 degrees.
Preferably: the air suction section is designed to be of an equal section, and the contraction ratio of the molded line of the channel of the air injection section is 1.0-4.0.
Preferably: the throat area ratio of the air suction port to the air injection port is 4.0.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a self-circulation casing processing device capable of circumferentially deflecting a counter-rotating compressor, wherein an air suction port and an air jet port of a self-circulation casing are respectively positioned at the downstream and the upstream of a compressor stage, low-energy fluid near the casing enters from the air suction port under the drive of natural pressure difference between the upstream and the downstream, circulates to the air jet port through a bridge circuit and then is ejected at high speed at the upstream of a rotor again, the flow blockage near the blade top of the rotor is improved, the development and upstream overflow of leakage flow at the blade top are inhibited, the compressor can stably work at lower flow, and therefore the margin stall is improved.
A numerical study of self-circulation casing treatment is carried out on a certain 2-stage counter-rotating compressor, and the results show that the stall margin of the counter-rotating compressor is respectively improved by 6.39%, 7.37%, 9.09% and 8.73% at 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of design rotating speed. In addition, compared with the traditional self-circulation casing treatment, the self-circulation casing with circumferential deflection can further reduce the efficiency loss, and the overall pneumatic performance is better.
The axial positions of the air jet and the air suction port can be moved, the adjusting range is wide, the purpose can be achieved only by adjusting the size of the intermediate bridge circuit, and the limitation of the patent CN 112177981A is overcome; once the axial dimension of the patent CN 112177981 a is changed, the flow passage form and the overall height of the structure are also changed, and it is difficult to determine whether the performance of the structure is changed.
The self-circulation casing processing device is used for circulating the airflow to the upstream of the blade row through a bridge circuit, so that the circumferential deflection of the self-circulation casing along the rotating direction of the blades of a rotor of the compressor is more favorable for the inflow of the airflow, and the reduction of the efficiency loss is directly reflected. The efficiency loss is reduced by nearly 30% after circumferential deflection relative to a self-circulating casing process without circumferential deflection.
The suction section configuration of the invention adopts a double-circular-arc curve, which is the biggest improvement point compared with the prior art. The main function of the suction section in the self-circulation casing treatment device is to guide the air flow, and the friction loss and the local flow loss (aerodynamics) caused by the contraction or expansion of the flow channel are inevitably generated when the air flow passes through the solid wall surface. The inventor finds in previous researches that the circular arc curve has the characteristic of constant curvature compared with other types of curves, such as a Bezier curve and a non-uniform B-spline curve, so that the local loss of low-speed airflow is small when the low-speed airflow flows through a flow channel formed by a double circular arc, and the local loss is one of the reasons for reducing the total loss under the design of the double circular arc curve. In addition, the processing difficulty of the device is reduced by adopting the double-arc curve, and the device has better engineering practical significance.
The inner contour line in the two-dimensional contour line design of the air injection section is formed by fitting NURBS, the outer contour line adopts a circular arc curve, and the air injection section design combines the NURBS and the circular arc curve, which is the biggest improvement point compared with the prior art. The local adjustability of the outer molded line of the air injection section enables the transverse width of the air injection section to be adjusted according to requirements, and the adjustability of the whole device is improved. In the prior art, a Bezier curve adopted in CN 110145497A lacks of local properties, the whole curve can be changed by modifying any control point on the curve, and the NURBS spline curve overcomes the limitation, can adjust the position of an individual control point according to requirements, has good local properties, and is beneficial to the free adjustment of an air injection section and the overall aerodynamic characteristics.
Compared with the CN 112177981A, the jet section does not adopt special design effect, the axial distance between the air suction port and the jet port is too small, and the circumferential deflection angle range is too large, so that the pressure difference for driving the air flow to circulate can not be provided, and the circumferential deflection angle range in the CN 112177981A is limited. The ranges of the air injection angle and the air suction angle in the invention are both smaller than the given values in CN 112177981A. The smaller the jet angle is, the more advantageous the flow control effect (improvement of the margin of stability) is, and the smaller the suction angle is, the more advantageous the overall aerodynamic performance (reduction of local loss) is, so that the present invention is superior to CN 112177981 a in terms of selection of the suction angle and the jet angle.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a meridian plane schematic view of a certain 2-stage counter-rotating compressor.
FIG. 2 is a meridian plane and operation principle diagram of the self-circulation casing treatment device.
FIG. 3 is a partial top view of the self-circulating casing treatment device in position.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a counter-rotating compressor with a self-circulating casing handling device.
1-inlet guide vane, 2-front row rotor R1, 3-rear row rotor R2, 4-outlet guide vane, 5-casing molded line, 6-hub molded line, 7-air injection section, 8-bridge circuit, 9-air suction section, 10-blade leading edge and 11-self-circulation casing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention relates to a self-circulation casing processing device applied to a counter-rotating compressor, which is shown in figures 1-3. The self-circulation casing processing device can realize the automatic adjustment of each parameter of the self-circulation casing and obtain the geometric parameter with the optimal stability expansion effect. The suction angle of the suction section is 10 degrees, the jet angle of the air nozzle is 10 degrees, the throat area ratio of the suction port to the jet opening is 4.0, and the circumferential coverage of the self-circulation casing treatment device in a single channel accounts for 80 percent of the whole channel. The air suction port is located at the position which is 25% of the axial chord of the blade tip at the downstream of the front edge of the blade top of the rear row rotor of the counter-rotating compressor, and the air injection port is located at the position which is 40% of the axial chord of the blade tip at the upstream of the front edge of the blade top of the rear row rotor.
1. Generating inner and outer molded lines of the air suction section through an arc control equation;
2. the design process of the air suction section adopts a uniform cross section design so as to reduce the flow loss of air flow in the self-circulation casing;
3. the design of the inner and outer molded lines of the air injection section adopts a controllable tapered design, and the design of an air injection port is based on the coanda effect;
4. the inner and outer molded lines of the air suction section and the air injection section are respectively connected by straight lines to form an intermediate bridge circuit;
5. and rotating the section of the generated two-dimensional self-circulation casing along the circumferential direction of the counter-rotating compressor to generate a three-dimensional self-circulation casing structure.
The invention is applied to a two-stage high-speed counter-rotating axial flow compressor, and the main design parameters of the counter-rotating compressor are shown as the following table:
TABLE 1 main design parameters for counter-rotating compressors
Figure BDA0003051382960000061
1. An air suction section and an air injection section are made into an inner molded line and an outer molded line along a casing line in the counter-rotating air compressor, wherein the inner molded line and the outer molded line of the air suction section are generated by adopting an arc control equation, the air suction angle of the air suction section is 10 degrees, the throat area ratio of an air suction port to an air injection port is 4.0, and the air suction section is positioned at a position 19.2mm away from the downstream of the front edge of the blade top of a rear row rotor of the; the air injection section profile adopts a controllable tapered design, the air injection angle of the air injection section is 10 degrees, the air injection port is positioned 30.76mm away from the upstream of the front edge of the blade top of the rear row rotor R2 and is respectively connected with the air suction section, the inner and outer profiles of the air injection section and the bridge circuit to form a meridian plane profile processed by the self-circulation casing.
2. And rotating the meridian plane two-dimensional molded line of the whole self-circulation casing by 14.4 degrees by taking the axial direction of the counter-rotating compressor as a rotating shaft to obtain the self-circulation casing with a three-dimensional structure, and rotating the self-circulation casing along the axial line by a certain angle to obtain the self-circulation casing device with circumferential deflection.
3. The number of the self-circulation casing processing devices in a single channel of the counter-rotating compressor is 1, and the circumferential coverage accounts for 80% of the whole rotor channel.
The numerical simulation research of the self-circulation casing processing device is carried out on a certain 2-stage rotary compressor, and the numerical calculation is implemented in the following specific process:
1. the AutoGrid5/IGG module in NUMECA is used to mesh the rotor channel and self-circulating casing structures.
2. The numerical calculation adopts NUMCA/FINE, A Jameson finite volume difference format is applied, an S-A turbulence model is combined to solve A three-dimensional Reynolds average Navier-Stokes equation, A space term adopts central difference format dispersion, A time term adopts A4-order Runge-KuttA method to solve the iteration, and an implicit residual error fairing method and A multi-grid technology are adopted to accelerate the convergence process.
3. The obtained numerical simulation result shows that the maximum improvement amount of the stable working margin of the counter-rotating compressor is 8.73%, the peak efficiency loss is 0.48%, compared with the conventional self-circulation casing, the self-circulation casing with circumferential deflection reduces the efficiency loss by 29.7%, and the pneumatic performance is further improved.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (6)

1. A self-circulation casing processing device capable of deflecting a counter-rotating compressor in the circumferential direction is characterized by comprising a front row rotor R1, a rear row rotor R2, a suction section, a bridge circuit and a jet section for processing the self-circulation casing; the air suction port is positioned right above the blade top of the rear-row rotor R2, and the whole self-circulation casing processing device can move back and forth along the axial direction of the casing and can deflect within the range of 0-60 degrees in the circumferential direction; the air suction port crosses the blade top channel; the circumferential curvature of the whole self-circulation casing processing device is the same as the curvature of the outer wall surface of the compressor casing; the two-dimensional molded line of the air suction section is composed of two semicircular arcs; the two-dimensional molded line of the air injection section is formed by NURBS fitting.
2. The self-circulating casing treatment apparatus for a counter-rotating compressor capable of circumferential deflection as set forth in claim 1, wherein said bridge is of uniform cross-sectional design to reduce flow losses.
3. The self-circulating casing treatment device for the counter-rotating compressor capable of circumferential deflection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air injection port and the air suction port are respectively located at the axial chord lengths of 5.0% -40% and 10% -30% upstream from the leading edge of the blade top of the rear row rotor R2.
4. The self-circulating casing treatment device for a counter-rotating compressor capable of circumferential deflection as set forth in claim 1, wherein the suction angle is 10 ° to 45 ° and the injection angle is 5.0 ° to 20 °.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the suction section is of uniform cross-section design and the contraction ratio of the channel profile of the jet section is 1.0-4.0.
6. The self-circulating casing treatment device for a counter-rotating compressor capable of circumferential deflection as set forth in claim 1, wherein the throat area ratio of the suction port to the jet port is 4.0.
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CN114838002A (en) * 2022-04-23 2022-08-02 西北工业大学 Stability expanding processing device of self-circulation casing

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CN114838002B (en) * 2022-04-23 2024-01-30 西北工业大学 Stability expanding processing device of self-circulation casing

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