CN113106989A - Electrochemical reinforcing system and method for opencast coal mine slope - Google Patents
Electrochemical reinforcing system and method for opencast coal mine slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN113106989A CN113106989A CN202110324303.9A CN202110324303A CN113106989A CN 113106989 A CN113106989 A CN 113106989A CN 202110324303 A CN202110324303 A CN 202110324303A CN 113106989 A CN113106989 A CN 113106989A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrochemical reinforcing system for a opencast coal mine slope, which comprises an electroosmosis drainage and recovery system and an electrochemical grouting system which are sequentially used. The electroosmosis drainage and recovery system and the electrochemical grouting system respectively comprise a water tank, a direct-current power supply control system, an anode tube, a plurality of cathode tubes, an ammeter, a cable and a first water tube. The invention also provides an electrochemical reinforcing method for the open pit coal mine slope. According to the electrochemical reinforcing system and the reinforcing method, the electroosmosis drainage and recovery system and the electrochemical grouting system are arranged, the electrochemical grouting system enables slurry to flow from the anode to the cathode in a directional manner under the driving of current, and a cementation and precipitation effect is generated, so that cracks in rock and soil mass on the side slope of the open pit coal mine can be effectively reduced, the permeation of the cracks can be reduced, meanwhile, the electroosmosis drainage and recovery system is matched, underground water is effectively drained according to the characteristic of the soft rock side slope of the open pit mine, the rock and soil mass on the side slope is consolidated, and the strength of the rock and soil mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope treatment, in particular to an electrochemical reinforcing system and method for an opencast coal mine slope.
Background
The electrokinetic chemical reinforcement method is mainly in research and test stages in the field of soft foundation reinforcement, sludge treatment and the like at the present stage, and is not widely applied to actual engineering, particularly in the field of slope treatment of open-pit coal mines.
At present, common slope management means comprise anti-slide piles, anti-slide retaining walls, prestressed anchoring, slope cutting load reduction, grouting reinforcement and the like, but all the common slope management means have certain defects and limitations. The anti-slide pile reinforcement is mainly used for preventing and treating shallow and middle rock soil slopes, and needs to be clear in potential slide surface and has low requirements on deformation control. The anti-slip retaining wall has unobvious effect in the treatment of large-scale side slopes and is greatly limited by engineering quantity and height. The prestressed anchorage is greatly influenced by the lithology of the side slope, the treatment effect of the steep hard rock side slope is obvious, but the soft rock side slope cannot provide effective prestress for the anchor rod. The slope cutting and load reduction are severely restricted by the mining activities of mines, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are needed to be provided. Grouting reinforcement is suitable for the condition that the rock mass is broken or the joint crack of the rock mass relatively develops, but the reinforcement effect is not obvious under the condition that the side slope crack is small.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an open pit coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system and a reinforcement method. According to the electrochemical reinforcing system and the reinforcing method, the electroosmosis drainage and recovery system and the electrochemical grouting system are arranged, the electrochemical grouting system enables slurry to flow from the anode to the cathode in a directional manner under the driving of current, and a cementation and precipitation effect is generated, so that cracks in rock and soil mass on the side slope of the open pit coal mine can be effectively reduced, the permeation of the cracks can be reduced, meanwhile, the electroosmosis drainage and recovery system is matched, underground water is effectively drained according to the characteristic of the soft rock side slope of the open pit mine, the rock and soil mass on the side slope is consolidated, and the strength of the rock and soil mass.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: an electrochemical reinforcing system for a opencast coal mine slope comprises an electroosmosis drainage and recovery system and an electrochemical grouting system which are sequentially used, wherein each electroosmosis drainage and recovery system and each electrochemical grouting system comprise a water tank, a direct-current power supply control system, an anode tube, a plurality of cathode tubes, an ammeter, a cable and a first water tube;
the anode tube and the plurality of cathode tubes are driven into the rock soil body of the open-air coal slope along the vertical direction, the plurality of cathode tubes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the center of a circle in the anode tube, the direct current control system is provided with an ammeter, the direct current control system is respectively connected with the anode tube and the plurality of cathode tubes through cables for electrifying, and the water tank is provided with a first water tube;
the first water pipe on the water tank is detachably connected with the vacuum pump or the stirring barrel, and when the first water pipe is connected with the vacuum pump, the other end of the vacuum pump is connected with the plurality of cathode tubes through second water pipes respectively;
when first water pipe is connected with the agitator, the agitator other end is connected through the third water pipe with the grouting pump, is connected through the fourth water pipe between grouting pump and the positive pole pipe.
Further, the number of the cathode tubes is 6.
Furthermore, the included angle between every two cathode tubes is 60 degrees, the distance between the anode tube and the plurality of cathode tubes is equal, and the distance R is 3-8 m.
Furthermore, a plurality of anode side holes are spirally arranged on the surface of the anode tube, and the longitudinal distance between the anode side holes is 20-40 cm.
Furthermore, a plurality of cathode side holes are arranged on one side of the cathode tube pointing to the anode tube, and the longitudinal distance between the cathode side holes is 20-40 cm.
Further, the inorganic salt solution is one or more of a calcium chloride saturated solution, an aluminum chloride saturated solution, a trisodium phosphate saturated solution, a sodium silicate saturated solution and a sodium hydroxide saturated solution.
The invention further provides an opencast coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement method adopting the opencast coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system, which is realized by the following steps:
(1) electrode treatment: punching an anode side hole on the surface of the anode tube along a spiral shape, and punching a cathode side hole on one side of the cathode tube in the direction pointing to the anode tube;
(2) arranging electrode positions according to specific design requirements, and driving an anode tube and a plurality of cathode tubes into the side slope rock-soil body of the opencast coal mine; the plurality of cathode tubes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the center of the anode tube;
(3) firstly, an electroosmosis drainage and recovery system is communicated, a vacuum pump is respectively connected with a first water pipe and a plurality of cathode pipes on a water tank, a direct-current power supply control system is connected with an anode pipe and the plurality of cathode pipes through cables and is electrified, the voltage keeps 100V rated, free water and weakly-combined water in rock and soil mass on the side slope of an opencast coal mine flow into the cathode pipes, and when the numerical value in an ammeter is not changed any more, the vacuum pump is used for sucking the free water and the weakly-combined water in the cathode pipes into the water tank for standby application through a second water pipe until the free water and the weakly-combined water in the cathode pipes are sucked dry;
(4) the direct-current power supply control system is continuously electrified, the vacuum pump is removed, the mixing tank is connected with the first water pipe on the water tank, the other end of the mixing tank is connected with the grouting pump through a third water pipe, and the other end of the grouting pump is connected with the anode pipe through a fourth water pipe and communicated with the electrochemical grouting system;
(5) injecting an inorganic salt solution into a stirring barrel for stirring, obtaining slurry after uniform stirring and sufficient dissolution, and opening a grouting pump to inject the slurry in the stirring barrel into an anode tube;
(6) after the slurry is injected, the slurry directionally flows from the anode tube to the cathode tube under the action of current;
(7) the voltage of the direct-current power supply control system is kept unchanged, the resistance is gradually increased in the cemented precipitation process, the current is correspondingly reduced, and the step (5) is repeated for multiple times under the condition, so that the physical and chemical reaction can be fully performed, the pores in the slope rock-soil body of the open-pit coal mine are reduced, and the permeability of the rock-soil body is reduced until the current is continuously within 30A, which indicates that the cemented precipitation is fully completed;
(8) and stopping power supply and disassembling the device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) free water and weak binding water discharged by electroosmosis are recycled through the vacuum pump, the water demand in the grouting process can be reduced, and meanwhile, the permeation supplement of the water to a reinforced area is avoided, so that the reinforcing effect is influenced.
(2) In consideration of safety of technicians and construction workers, the maximum voltage of the direct-current power supply control system is controlled to be 100V, and under the condition, the work of the direct-current power supply control system is not influenced, and the electrokinetic chemical grouting speed and effect can be guaranteed.
(3) The inorganic salt solution is injected into the anode tube through the pressure of the grouting pump, so that the grouting efficiency can be improved, and the fluidity of the grout between the electrodes is enhanced.
(4) The electrode arrangement method is characterized in that a plurality of cathode tubes are distributed around 1 anode tube, and after slope reinforcement is completed, the electrode arrangement mode forms a pile similar to a pile with an anode as a circle center and a radius as R, so that the reinforcement area is increased to a certain extent, and a better reinforcement effect can be achieved on a crack-developing and non-directional slope.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electroosmotic drainage and recovery system in an open pit coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical grouting system in the opencast coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the water tank, vacuum pump and cathode tube of the electroosmotic drainage and recovery system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan layout view of the water tank, the mixing drum, the grouting pump and the anode tube of the electrochemical grouting system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the anode and cathode tubes of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the water tank, 2, the vacuum pump, 3, DC power supply control system, 4, the positive pole pipe, 41, positive pole side opening, 5, the negative pole pipe, 51, negative pole side opening, 6, the ampere meter, 7, the agitator, 8, the grouting pump, 9, first water pipe, 10, the cable, 11, the second water pipe, 12, the third water pipe, 13, the fourth water pipe.
Detailed Description
The details and embodiments of the present invention are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-5, an electrochemical reinforcing system for a strip coal mine slope comprises an electroosmotic drainage and recovery system and an electrochemical grouting system which are sequentially used, wherein each electroosmotic drainage and recovery system and each electrochemical grouting system comprises a water tank 1, a direct-current power supply control system 3, an anode tube 4, a plurality of cathode tubes 5, an ammeter 6, a cable 10 and a first water tube 9, each electroosmotic drainage and recovery system further comprises a vacuum pump 2 and a plurality of second water tubes 11, and each electrochemical grouting system further comprises a stirring barrel 7 containing an inorganic salt solution, a grouting pump 8, a third water tube 12 and a fourth water tube 13;
the anode tube 4 and the plurality of cathode tubes 5 are driven into the rock soil body of the open-air coal slope along the vertical direction, the plurality of cathode tubes 5 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the center of a circle in the anode tube 4, the direct current control system is provided with an ammeter 6, the direct current control system 3 is respectively connected with the anode tube 4 and the plurality of cathode tubes 5 through cables 10 to be electrified, and the water tank 1 is provided with a first water tube 9;
the first water pipe 9 on the water tank 1 is detachably connected with the vacuum pump 2 or the stirring barrel 7, and when the first water pipe 9 is connected with the vacuum pump 2, the other end of the vacuum pump 2 is connected with the plurality of cathode tubes 5 through second water pipes 11 respectively;
when first water pipe 9 is connected with agitator 7, the agitator 7 other end is connected through third water pipe 12 with grouting pump 8, is connected through fourth water pipe 13 between grouting pump 8 and the positive pole pipe 4.
The number of the cathode tubes 5 is 6.
The included angle between every two cathode tubes 5 is 60 degrees, the distance between the anode tube 4 and the plurality of cathode tubes 5 is equal, and the distance R is 3-8 m.
The surface of the anode tube 4 is spirally provided with a plurality of anode side holes 41, the longitudinal distance between the anode side holes 41 is 20-40cm, and the density is positively correlated with the electrode arrangement depth.
And a plurality of cathode side holes 51 are axially arranged on one side of the cathode tube 5 in the direction of pointing the anode tube 4, the longitudinal distance between the cathode side holes 51 is 20-40cm, and the density is positively correlated with the electrode arrangement depth.
The inorganic salt solution is one or more of a calcium chloride saturated solution, an aluminum chloride saturated solution, a trisodium phosphate saturated solution, a sodium silicate saturated solution and a sodium hydroxide saturated solution.
Example 2
The invention further provides an opencast coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement method adopting the opencast coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system, which is realized by the following steps:
(1) electrode treatment: an anode side hole 41 is drilled on the surface of the anode tube 4 along a spiral shape, and a cathode side hole 51 is drilled on one side of the cathode tube 5 in the direction pointing to the anode tube 4; the anode tube 4 and the cathode tube 5 are both made into hollow cylinder shapes by adopting welded tubes, and the bottoms of the anode tube and the cathode tube are welded and sealed, so that the internal liquid is prevented from permeating downwards, and if the bottoms of the anode tube and the cathode tube are not sealed, the liquid is possibly lost too much, and the target layer position is not reinforced;
(2) arranging electrode positions according to specific design requirements, and driving an anode tube 4 and a plurality of cathode tubes 5 into the side slope rock-soil body of the opencast coal mine; a plurality of cathode tubes 5 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the center of the anode tube 4; the number of the cathode tubes 5 is 6.
(3) Firstly, an electroosmosis drainage and recovery system is communicated, a vacuum pump 2 is respectively connected with a first water pipe 9 and a plurality of cathode pipes 5 on a water tank 1, a direct-current power supply control system 3 is connected with an anode pipe 4 and a plurality of cathode pipes 5 through a cable 10 (the anode pipe is connected with an anode, and the cathode pipe is connected with a cathode), the power is supplied, the voltage keeps 100V rated, at the moment, free water and weak bound water in rock and soil mass on an open-pit coal mine slope flow into the cathode pipes 5, when the numerical value in an ammeter 6 is not changed any more, the vacuum pump 2 is used for sucking the free water and the weak bound water in the cathode pipes 5 into the water tank 1 through a second water pipe 11 for standby, and the free water and the weak bound water in the cathode pipes;
(4) the direct-current power supply control system 3 is powered on uninterruptedly, the vacuum pump 2 is removed, the mixing tank 7 is connected with the first water pipe 9 on the water tank 1, the other end of the mixing tank 7 is connected with the grouting pump 8 through the third water pipe 12, the other end of the grouting pump 8 is connected with the anode pipe 4 through the fourth water pipe 13, and the electrochemical grouting system is communicated;
(5) injecting an inorganic salt solution into a stirring barrel 7 for stirring, obtaining slurry after uniform stirring and sufficient dissolution, detecting the slurry to be alkaline by using a pH test paper, and then opening a grouting pump 8 to inject the slurry in the stirring barrel 7 into an anode tube 4;
(6) after the slurry is injected, the slurry directionally flows from the anode tube 4 to the cathode tube 5 under the action of current;
(7) the voltage of the direct-current power supply control system 3 is kept unchanged, the resistance is gradually increased in the cemented precipitation process, the current is correspondingly reduced, and the step (5) is repeated for multiple times under the condition, so that the physical and chemical reaction can be fully performed, the pores in the slope rock-soil body of the open-pit coal mine are reduced, the permeability of the rock-soil body is reduced, and the cemented precipitation is fully completed until the current is continuously within 30A;
(8) and stopping power supply and disassembling the device.
The electrode arrangement method of the invention is that 6 cathode tubes 5 are distributed around 1 anode tube 4, the distance radius R is between the anode tube 4 and the cathode tube 5, and the included angle between the cathode tubes 5 is 60 degrees; after slope reinforcement is completed, the electrode arrangement mode forms a pile with the radius of R and the anode as the circle center, the reinforcement area is increased to a certain extent, and a better reinforcement effect can be achieved on the non-directional opencut coal mine slope with crack growth.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The electrochemical reinforcing system for the open pit coal mine slope is characterized by comprising an electroosmosis drainage and recovery system and an electrochemical grouting system which are sequentially used, wherein each of the electroosmosis drainage and recovery system and the electrochemical grouting system comprises a water tank, a direct-current power supply control system, an anode tube, a plurality of cathode tubes, an ammeter, a cable and a first water tube, the electroosmosis drainage and recovery system further comprises a vacuum pump and a plurality of second water tubes, and the electrochemical grouting system further comprises a stirring barrel, a grouting pump, a third water tube and a fourth water tube which are filled with inorganic salt solution;
the anode tube and the plurality of cathode tubes are driven into the rock soil body of the open-air coal slope along the vertical direction, the plurality of cathode tubes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the center of a circle in the anode tube, the direct current control system is provided with an ammeter, the direct current control system is respectively connected with the anode tube and the plurality of cathode tubes through cables for electrifying, and the water tank is provided with a first water tube;
the first water pipe on the water tank is detachably connected with the vacuum pump or the stirring barrel, and when the first water pipe is connected with the vacuum pump, the other end of the vacuum pump is connected with the plurality of cathode tubes through second water pipes respectively;
when first water pipe is connected with the agitator, the agitator other end is connected through the third water pipe with the grouting pump, is connected through the fourth water pipe between grouting pump and the positive pole pipe.
2. The opencut coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system of claim 1, wherein the number of said cathode tubes is 6.
3. The opencast coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system of claim 1, wherein an included angle between each two of the cathode tubes is 60 °, distances between the anode tube and the plurality of cathode tubes are equal, and a distance R is 3-8 m.
4. The opencast coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system of claim 1, wherein a plurality of anode side holes are helically disposed on the surface of the anode tube, and the longitudinal distance between the anode side holes is 20-40 cm.
5. The electrochemical reinforcing system for the open pit coal mine slope according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of cathode side holes are formed at one side of the cathode tube in the direction toward the anode tube, and the longitudinal distance between the cathode side holes is 20-40 cm.
6. The opencast coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system as defined in claim 1, wherein the inorganic salt solution is one or more of a saturated calcium chloride solution, a saturated aluminum chloride solution, a saturated trisodium phosphate solution, a saturated sodium silicate solution and a saturated sodium hydroxide solution.
7. A opencut coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement method employing the opencut coal mine slope electrochemical reinforcement system of any one of claims 1-6, achieved by the steps of:
(1) electrode treatment: punching an anode side hole on the surface of the anode tube along a spiral shape, and punching a cathode side hole on one side of the cathode tube in the direction pointing to the anode tube;
(2) arranging electrode positions according to specific design requirements, and driving an anode tube and a plurality of cathode tubes into the side slope rock-soil body of the opencast coal mine; the plurality of cathode tubes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the center of the anode tube;
(3) firstly, an electroosmosis drainage and recovery system is communicated, a vacuum pump is respectively connected with a first water pipe and a plurality of cathode pipes on a water tank, a direct-current power supply control system is connected with an anode pipe and the plurality of cathode pipes through cables and is electrified, the voltage keeps 100V rated, free water and weakly-combined water in rock and soil mass on the side slope of an opencast coal mine flow into the cathode pipes, and when the numerical value in an ammeter is not changed any more, the vacuum pump is used for sucking the free water and the weakly-combined water in the cathode pipes into the water tank for standby application through a second water pipe until the free water and the weakly-combined water in the cathode pipes are sucked dry;
(4) the direct-current power supply control system is continuously electrified, the vacuum pump is removed, the mixing tank is connected with the first water pipe on the water tank, the other end of the mixing tank is connected with the grouting pump through a third water pipe, and the other end of the grouting pump is connected with the anode pipe through a fourth water pipe and communicated with the electrochemical grouting system;
(5) injecting an inorganic salt solution into a stirring barrel for stirring, obtaining slurry after uniform stirring and sufficient dissolution, and opening a grouting pump to inject the slurry in the stirring barrel into an anode tube;
(6) after the slurry is injected, the slurry directionally flows from the anode tube to the cathode tube under the action of current;
(7) the voltage of the direct-current power supply control system is kept unchanged, the resistance is gradually increased in the cemented precipitation process, the current is correspondingly reduced, and the step (5) is repeated for multiple times under the condition, so that the physical and chemical reaction can be fully performed, the pores in the slope rock-soil body of the open-pit coal mine are reduced, and the permeability of the rock-soil body is reduced until the current is continuously within 30A, which indicates that the cemented precipitation is fully completed;
(8) and stopping power supply and disassembling the device.
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| CN113846656A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-28 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Device for reinforcing multi-layer soft rock slope of strip mine |
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Application publication date: 20210713 |