CN113106954A - Deep soil body settlement measuring method and related equipment - Google Patents
Deep soil body settlement measuring method and related equipment Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a deep soil body settlement measuring method and related equipment, wherein in the measuring method, a first vertical distance and a second vertical distance of the top end of a detection rod relative to the ground surface are respectively determined according to a first image and a second image, and then the settlement of the deep soil body to be measured is determined according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance; the detection rod is in contact with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilled hole, and the detection rod is limited to move along the central line direction of the drilled hole along with the deep soil body to be detected; the second image is an image shot at a second position at a second moment, and the first moment precedes the second moment. The method of the embodiment of the application can measure the settlement of the deep soil body, and the measuring scheme is flexible to implement, high in measuring efficiency and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a deep soil body settlement measuring method and related equipment.
Background
With the rapid development of urban underground engineering (such as subways, underground pipe galleries and the like), subgrade settlement becomes a safety problem which is difficult to avoid in the construction process and after completion. The subgrade settlement causes the pavement to crack if the subgrade settlement is light, and the pavement to collapse if the subgrade settlement is heavy, so that potential safety hazards can be brought, and even major property loss and casualties are caused, which are directly related to the safety of urban people. Therefore, monitoring and early warning of subgrade settlement are made to be very important for improving the disaster prevention and reduction capability of urban roads.
In the prior art, there are multiple monitoring schemes to road surface settlement, however, the root cause of road surface subsidence is settlement caused by disturbance such as construction of the soil body under the earth surface hardened layer, and due to the shell structure formed by the earth surface hardened layer, the settlement of the road surface often can not completely reflect the true settlement of the soil body under the road surface, so that the earth surface hardened layer is emptied, and finally the road surface subsidence accident happens instantaneously. Therefore, a method for measuring the soil body settlement under the surface hardened layer is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a deep soil body settlement measuring method and related equipment, which can determine the settlement amount of a deep soil body, adopts an image processing technology for measurement and has high measuring efficiency.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep soil settlement measuring method, including the following steps:
determining a first vertical distance between the top end of a detection rod and the ground surface according to a first image, wherein the first image is an image shot at a first position at a first moment, the first image comprises the top end of the detection rod and a drilling hole opening used for placing the detection rod, the drilling hole is a vertical hole formed in the ground surface towards the deep soil body to be detected, the detection rod is in contact with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilling hole, and the detection rod is limited to move along the central line direction of the drilling hole along with the deep soil body to be detected;
determining a second vertical distance between the top end of the detection rod and the ground surface according to a second image, wherein the second image is an image shot at a second position at a second moment, the first moment is earlier than the second moment, and the second image comprises the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole;
and determining the settlement amount of the deep soil body to be detected according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
Optionally, in the method, determining a third vertical distance of the top end of the detection rod relative to the ground surface according to a third image including the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole includes:
determining the top end displacement of the detection rod sensed by the third image according to the pixel distance between the top end of the detection rod and the center point of the drilling hole in the third image and the object plane resolution;
determining the third vertical distance according to the top end displacement and an included angle between the camera and the ground surface when the third image is shot; when the third image is the first image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the first vertical distance; when the third image is the second image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the second vertical distance.
Optionally, when the borehole opening is circular, the angle between the camera and the ground surface is an arcsine function value of a ratio between a minor semi-axis and a major semi-axis of the ellipse after imaging of the borehole opening.
Optionally, a light-transmissive protective cover for closing the bore is further included in the first image.
Optionally, the light-transmitting protective cover is a dome, and the pixel distance is a pixel distance between a top end of the detection rod in the third image and a center point of the dome.
Optionally, when a marker which emits light or does not emit light is disposed at the top end of the detection rod, the pixel distance is a pixel distance between the marker and the drilling hole opening or the central point of the light-transmitting protective cover in the third image.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep soil settlement measuring system, including:
the detection rod is placed in a drilled hole, the drilled hole is a vertical hole formed in the surface of the deep soil body to be detected, the detection rod is in contact with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilled hole, and the detection rod is limited to move along the central line direction of the drilled hole along with the deep soil body to be detected;
a camera for capturing a first image and a second image, the first image being captured at a first location at a first time, the first image including a tip of the inspection shaft and the borehole opening; the second image is an image shot at a second position at a second moment, the first moment is prior to the second moment, and the second image comprises the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole opening;
a processor for determining a first vertical distance of a tip of the wand relative to a ground surface from the first image; determining a second vertical distance of the top end of the detection rod relative to the ground surface according to the second image; and determining the settlement amount of the deep soil body to be detected according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
Optionally, the system further comprises a light-transmissive protective cover for enclosing the bore.
Optionally, the system further comprises a luminescent or non-luminescent marker disposed at the tip of the detection rod.
Optionally, the system further comprises a limiting device for limiting the detection rod to move along the direction of the central line of the drill hole along the deep soil body to be detected.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep soil body settlement measurement device, including:
the detection device comprises a first determination module, a second determination module and a control module, wherein the first determination module is used for determining a first vertical distance between the top end of a detection rod and the ground surface according to a first image, the first image is an image shot at a first position at a first moment, the first image comprises the top end of the detection rod and a drilling hole opening used for placing the detection rod, the drilling hole is a vertical hole formed in the deep soil body to be detected from the ground surface, the detection rod is in contact with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilling hole, and the detection rod is limited to move along the central line direction of the drilling hole along with the deep soil body to be detected;
a second determining module, configured to determine a second vertical distance between the top end of the detection rod and the ground surface according to a second image, where the second image is an image taken at a second position at a second time, the first time precedes the second time, and the second image includes the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole;
and the third determining module is used for determining the settlement of the deep soil body to be detected according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep soil body settlement measurement apparatus, including: a processor and a memory;
the processor is connected with the memory, wherein the memory is used for storing program codes, and the processor is used for calling the program codes to execute the deep soil settlement measuring method in the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program comprising program instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform the method for measuring deep soil settlement according to the first aspect.
In the embodiment of the invention, a first vertical distance and a second vertical distance of the top end of the detection rod relative to the ground surface are respectively determined according to the first image and the second image, and then the settlement of the deep soil body to be detected is determined according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance; the first image is shot at a first position at a first moment, the first image comprises the top end of the detection rod and a drilling hole opening used for placing the detection rod, the drilling hole is a vertical hole formed in the deep soil body to be detected from the earth surface, the detection rod is contacted with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilling hole, and the detection rod is limited to move along the central line direction of the drilling hole along with the deep soil body to be detected; the second image is an image shot at a second position at a second moment, the first moment is prior to the second moment, and the second image comprises the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole opening. According to the method, the settlement of the deep soil body to be measured can be determined by reflecting the settlement of the detection rod and utilizing an image processing technology, so that the settlement of the deep soil body to be measured can be measured, the measurement scheme is flexible to implement, the measurement efficiency is high, and the cost is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep soil settlement measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a deep soil settlement measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3a, 3b and 3c are schematic installation diagrams of a detection rod in a deep soil settlement measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a principle of measuring a settlement amount by camera according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a calculation principle of the tip displacement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a calculation principle of an included angle between a camera and a ground surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 7a and 7b are schematic views of a marker provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep soil settlement measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep soil settlement measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by the person skilled in the art that the described embodiments of the invention can be combined with other embodiments.
In the prior art, the soil body settlement condition of the lower part of the earth surface hardened layer cannot be monitored, so that the application provides the deep soil body settlement measuring method for measuring the settlement amount of the deep soil body, effectively monitoring the relative settlement condition between the deep soil body and the earth surface caused by underground space engineering construction such as underground tunnels, pipe galleries, foundation pits, coal seam underground mining and the like, helping to improve the accuracy and the real-time performance of ground collapse early warning, not only being capable of measuring the settlement amount of the deep soil body, but also being flexible in implementation of the measuring scheme, high in measuring efficiency and low in cost.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep soil settlement measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, deep soil body settlement measurement system 100 includes:
the detection rod 101 is placed in a drilled hole, the drilled hole is a vertical hole formed in the surface direction of the deep soil body to be detected, the detection rod is in contact with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilled hole, and the detection rod moves along the direction of the central line of the drilled hole in a limited mode.
A camera 102, configured to capture a first image and a second image, where the first image is captured at a first position at a first time, and the first image includes a top end of the detection rod and a drilling hole; the second image is an image shot at a second position at a second moment, the first moment is prior to the second moment, and the second image comprises the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole opening. The camera 102 may be understood as an image capturing device, and may be implemented by a CCD camera or a CMOS camera. The first position and the first position may be the same or different.
The processor 103 is configured to execute a deep soil settlement measuring method 200, and referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the deep soil settlement measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method 200 includes the following steps:
201: determining a first vertical distance of the top end of the detection rod relative to the ground surface according to the first image; determining a second vertical distance of the top end of the detection rod relative to the ground surface according to the second image;
202: and determining the settlement of the deep soil body to be detected according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
Specifically, the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance are respectively determined according to the images acquired at the first moment and the second moment, and the settlement of the deep soil body to be detected between the first moment and the second moment, namely the settlement is the difference of the second vertical distance minus the first vertical distance, can be determined according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
According to the method, the settlement of the deep soil body to be measured can be determined by reflecting the settlement of the detection rod and utilizing an image processing technology, so that the settlement of the deep soil body to be measured can be measured, the measurement scheme is flexible to implement, the measurement efficiency is high, and the cost is low.
In this embodiment, the cross section of the bore may be circular, square, polygonal, etc., and is not particularly limited. The detection rod is a rod with certain rigidity, such as a steel bar, a wood rod, a plastic rod, and the like, and the cross section of the detection rod can be in a shape of a circle, a square, a polygon, and the like, without any particular limitation.
In one possible embodiment, the deep soil settlement measuring system 100 further includes a limiting device for limiting the movement of the detection rod along the central line direction of the borehole along the deep soil to be measured. The specific structure of the limiting device can be various, and is not particularly limited. In one possible embodiment, the deep soil settlement measuring system 100 further includes a light-transparent protective cover for closing the borehole, which, while protecting, also ensures that the camera can photograph the top of the inspection rod. The shape of the light-transmitting protective cover can be round, square, polygon and the like, and the shape of the light-transmitting protective cover can be the same as or different from the shape of the hole opening of the drill hole, for example, the hole opening of the drill hole is round, and the light-transmitting protective cover is round; it is also possible that the bore hole is square and the light-transmitting protective cover is circular.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3a, 3b, and 3c, fig. 3a, 3b, and 3c are schematic installation diagrams of a detection rod in a deep soil settlement measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention; in fig. 3a, taking the detection rod as an example of a steel bar, a hole with a certain size is drilled in the ground surface, the hardened layer of the ground surface is perforated to form a hollow body with a certain depth h, i.e., a drilled hole 304, and then the steel bar 301 with a certain diameter is inserted into a deep soil layer, i.e., a deep soil body 306; therefore, the settlement of the deep soil 306 can be reflected by the settlement of the steel bars 301, and the light-transmitting protective cover 305 is additionally arranged on the ground surface to play a role in protection, so that the safety risk of the drilled holes 304 on ground traffic or pedestrians is eliminated. In addition, in this embodiment, the limiting device is a hollow member 302 with a hollow center and is matched with the drill hole 304 to realize limiting, and the detection rod, such as the steel bar 301, penetrates through the hollow position of the hollow member 302 and is inserted into the deep soil 306, so that the steel bar 301 can be ensured to be always positioned on the center line of the drill hole 304 in the sinking process. Different combinations of the bore and the light-transmitting protective cover are shown in fig. 3a, 3b and 3c, wherein in fig. 3a, the cross section of the bore 304 and the light-transmitting protective cover 305 are both circular; in fig. 3b, the cross section of the bore 304 is circular, and the light-transmitting protective cap 305 is square; in fig. 3c, the bore 304 is square in cross-section, and the light-transmissive protective cover 305 is circular.
In one possible embodiment, the method 200 for measuring deep soil settlement, determining a third vertical distance from the top end of the detection rod to the ground surface according to a third image including the top end of the detection rod and the borehole, specifically includes:
determining the displacement delta d' of the top end of the detection rod sensed by the third image according to the pixel distance between the top end of the detection rod in the third image and the center point of the drill hole and the object plane resolution;
determining a third vertical distance delta d according to the top end displacement and an included angle between the camera and the ground surface when the third image is shot; when the third image is the first image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the first vertical distance; when the third image is the second image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the second vertical distance.
Specifically, the method of determining the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance is the same as the method of determining the third vertical distance, and the determination of the third vertical distance is taken as an example for explanation. Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of measuring a settlement amount by camera according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, suppose P0The top position of the detecting rod 403 before sedimentation, P1To the top position after sedimentation, P1' is the position of the top in the image after sedimentation. Let Δ d be the third vertical distance of the top end of the detection bar 403 relative to the ground surface 402, and Δ d' be the displacement of the top end of the detection bar 403 sensed by the camera 401, i.e. the displacement of the top end of the detection bar 403 sensed by the third image, as shown in fig. 4, the following triangular relationship exists between them:
Δd＝Δd′·tanβ' (1)
in actual monitoring, since the distance between the camera 401 and the detection rod 403 is much larger than the orifice diameter of the borehole 404, so that β' ≈ β, then:
Δd＝Δd′·tanβ′≈Δd′·tanβ (2)
in the formula (2), β is an angle between the camera and the ground surface.
Therefore, when determining the third vertical distance corresponding to the third image, it is only necessary to obtain the included angle β between the camera and the ground surface at the shooting time corresponding to the third image, and the top end displacement Δ d' to determine the corresponding third vertical distance.
Further, when the tip displacement Δ d' is obtained, taking the cross-sectional shape of the drill hole as a circle as an example, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a calculation principle of the tip displacement according to an embodiment of the present invention; the camera images the test rod at any position, in which the camera takes an image in which the circular aperture of the borehole 501 is imaged as an ellipse, and since the test rod is constrained to move along the centerline of the borehole, the tip of the test rod is always on the minor axis of the ellipse. Therefore, the image sub-pixel positioning technology processing method can extract the pixel sizes of the major half axis and the minor half axis of the ellipse in the image, which are respectively marked as a and b, and can also extract the central pixel coordinate P of the ellipse and the imaging time (marked as t) of the cameraiTime of day) of the detection rod's top pixel coordinate P1' to obtain a pixel distance Δ d ' between two points 'I. The image sub-pixel positioning technology comprises the following steps: digital image correlation DIC (also known as digital speckle correlation DIC) and least square matching DIC. DIC methods include adaptive template-dependent filtering, adaptive threshold centroid methods, grayscale mapping, and the like.
Because the wand is moved along the minor axis of the ellipse as it descends, the magnification of the camera, i.e., the object plane resolution k, is calibrated in this embodiment by the pixel size b of the minor axis of the ellipse and the physical radius r of the circular aperture of the borehole 501.
k＝r/b (3)
Furthermore, according to the object plane resolution k and the pixel distance delta d'ICan obtain tiThe tip end displacement Δ d' sensed by the camera:
Δd′＝k·Δd′I (4)
in one possible embodiment, when the bore hole is circular, the angle β between the camera and the ground surface is the arcsine function value of the ratio between the minor and major semi-axes b, a of the ellipse after imaging of the circular hole, i.e., β ═ arcsin (b/a). Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a calculation principle of an included angle between a camera and a ground surface according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein the bore hole is in the field of view 604 of the camera 601, and when the camera 601 vertically photographs the bore hole, the imaging size of the bore hole diameter 603 on the image plane 602 is 2 a; when the camera 601 shoots the borehole aperture at an angle, the imaging size of the borehole aperture diameter 603 on the image plane 602 is 2 b. Then, from fig. 6, the following relationship can be obtained:
a·sinβ+a·cosβ·(b/F)＝b (5)
in the formula (5), a is the length of a half major axis (unit: pixel) after the orifice of the drilled hole is imaged into an ellipse; b is the minor semi-axis length (unit: pixel) after the bore hole is imaged as an ellipse; f is the equivalent focal length.
Since the value of b/F is a small quantity, equation (5) can be abbreviated as:
a·sinβ＝b (6)
so as to obtain the included angle between the camera and the ground surface as follows:
β＝arcsin(b/a) (7)
in addition, there are two methods for obtaining a and b, the first method is that a camera vertically shoots a drilling hole opening, and a can be determined according to an image of the drilling hole opening; and then, shooting the drilling hole opening by inclining the camera to a certain angle, and determining b according to the image of the drilling hole opening. In the second method, the borehole opening is photographed directly with the camera tilted at an angle, and a and b can be determined from the image of the borehole opening.
T can be obtained by bringing formulae (4) and (7) into formula (2)iAt the moment, the third vertical distance Deltad between the top end of the detection rod and the ground surface is detectedi：
Δdi＝k·Δd′I·(b/(a2-b2)) (8)
It is noted that in the above method, the image characteristics of the tip of the detection rod and the bore hole in the third image are used for determining the third vertical distance, and further, the image characteristics of the tip of the detection rod and the light-transmitting protective cover may be used for determining the third vertical distance. Specifically, when the third image is used to determine the pixel distance and the included angle β, the circular orifice feature of the borehole is used, and when the cross section of the borehole is not circular, the circular light-transmitting protective cover can be used to determine the pixel distance and the included angle β, and at this time, the pixel distance is the pixel distance between the top end of the detection rod in the third image and the central point of the light-transmitting protective cover.
In a possible embodiment, in order to further ensure that the contour of the light-transmitting protective cover or the bore hole can be clearly shown in the image shot by the camera, in the deep soil settlement measuring system 100, a circle of cooperative marks or only a plurality of cooperative marks may be arranged around the contour of the light-transmitting protective cover, and when determining the settlement amount by using the image features of the light-transmitting protective cover, an elliptical shape may be fitted by using a correlation algorithm according to the features of the cooperative marks around the contour of the light-transmitting protective cover, thereby completing the subsequent steps of determining the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance. In the deep soil settlement measuring system 100, a circle of cooperative markers may be arranged around the contour of the borehole aperture, or only a plurality of cooperative markers may be arranged, and similarly, when determining the settlement amount by using the image features of the borehole aperture, an elliptical shape may be fitted by using a correlation algorithm according to the features of the cooperative markers around the contour of the borehole aperture, thereby completing the subsequent steps of determining the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
The cooperation mark can be luminous or non-luminous, and when the luminous cooperation mark is selected, an infrared luminous mark can be adopted; when the non-luminous cooperation mark is selected, the physical characteristics of the cooperation mark can be utilized and captured by the camera.
In one possible embodiment, referring to fig. 3a, the deep soil settlement measuring system 100 further includes a luminescent or non-luminescent marker 303 disposed at the top end of the detection rod. When the top end of the detection rod is provided with a luminescent or non-luminescent marker, the pixel distance in the above description may be the pixel distance between the marker in the third image and the center point of the drilling hole or the light-transmitting protective cover.
The marker can be a natural characteristic of the top end of the detection rod, or an infrared luminous marker, or a visible luminous marker, or a passive reflective marker, and imaging is carried out by means of reflected sunlight or other light sources. The passive light reflecting markers may be circular, may be diagonal (as in fig. 7a), or may be cross-hairs (as in fig. 7b) or other easily recognizable shapes. In the embodiment, the marker is preferably an infrared luminous marker so as to meet the measurement requirement all day long; fix infrared luminous sign at the reinforcing bar top, can guarantee also to carry out stable settlement monitoring under the night environment to the infrared light can not influence driving safety. Batteries, circuits and the like used by the luminous marker can be packaged in the hollow part 302, so that additional functions of water resistance, dust resistance and the like are achieved, and the luminous marker can be repeatedly used.
In one possible embodiment, more than one camera may be used in the deep soil settlement measurement system 100. For example, a plurality of cameras may be used to photograph a detection bar at the same time, and then different cameras obtain the measurement results respectively, and then an average value of the plurality of measurement results is calculated as the final measurement result of the detection bar. Or a plurality of cameras simultaneously shoot different detection rods in the deep soil body in a large range, so that the settlement monitoring efficiency of the deep soil body can be effectively improved.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can allow the camera to shoot images at any position (as long as the inclination angle of the camera is ensured to capture the top end of the detection rod or the marker at the top end and the outline of the drilling hole or the protective cover), can allow the camera to have different positions when shooting at the front moment and the rear moment, and can prevent the measurement precision from descending due to the different positions of the acquisition equipment when acquiring images at the front moment and the rear moment, thereby eliminating the precondition that the traditional vision-based measurement method needs the stability of the camera. Therefore, the scheme of the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simplicity, portability and flexibility, effectively expands the application range of the camera measurement technology and solves the capability of solving the practical engineering problem, and has important theoretical research significance and wide application prospect.
In addition, the measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention is a camera monitoring method for the relative settlement between the deep soil body and the earth surface, belongs to a precise optical measuring method, has high system digitalization degree, and can solve the problem that the measuring method based on vision needs the stability of a camera by constructing a settlement measuring equation through acquiring the relative relation between a drilling hole opening or a light-transmitting protective cover and a marker at the top end or the top end of a detection rod while exerting the advantages of high precision, non-contact, low cost and the like of the camera measuring technology.
Based on the description of the embodiment of the deep soil settlement measuring system, the embodiment of the present invention further discloses a deep soil settlement measuring device, referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the deep soil settlement measuring device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the deep soil settlement measuring device 800 includes;
the first determining module 801 is configured to determine a first vertical distance between the top end of the detection rod and the ground surface according to a first image, where the first image is an image shot at a first position at a first moment, and the first image includes the top end of the detection rod and a drilling hole opening for placing the detection rod, where the drilling hole is a vertical hole formed in the deep soil body to be detected from the ground surface, the detection rod contacts with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilling hole, and the detection rod is restricted to move along the central line direction of the drilling hole along with the deep soil body to be detected;
a second determining module 802, configured to determine a second vertical distance between the top end of the detection rod and the ground surface according to a second image, where the second image is an image taken at a second position at a second time, the first time is prior to the second time, and the second image includes the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole;
and a third determining module 803, configured to determine, according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance, a settling amount of the deep soil to be detected.
In one possible embodiment, the deep soil settlement measuring device, wherein the third vertical distance of the top end of the detection rod relative to the ground surface is determined from a third image including the top end of the detection rod and the borehole opening, comprises:
determining the top end displacement of the detection rod sensed by the third image according to the pixel distance between the top end of the detection rod and the center point of the drill hole in the third image and the object plane resolution;
determining a third vertical distance according to the top end displacement and an included angle between the camera and the ground surface when the third image is shot; when the third image is the first image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the first vertical distance; when the third image is the second image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the second vertical distance.
In one possible embodiment, where the borehole opening is circular, the angle between the camera and the ground surface is the arcsine function of the ratio between the minor and major semi-axes of the ellipse after imaging of the borehole opening.
In one possible embodiment, a light-transmissive protective cover for closing the borehole is also included in the first image.
In one possible embodiment, the light-transmissive protective cover is a dome, and the pixel distance is a pixel distance between the tip of the detection rod and a center point of the dome in the third image.
In one possible embodiment, when the tip of the detection rod is provided with a marker that emits light or does not emit light, the pixel distance is the pixel distance between the marker and the center point of the borehole opening or dome in the third image.
It should be noted that, for a specific implementation manner of the deep soil settlement measurement device, reference may be made to the description of the deep soil settlement measurement system, which is not described herein again. Each unit or module in the deep soil body settlement measuring device can be respectively or completely combined into one or a plurality of other units or modules to form the deep soil body settlement measuring device, or certain unit(s) or module(s) can be further split into a plurality of units or modules with smaller functions to form the deep soil body settlement measuring device, so that the same operation can be realized without affecting the realization of the technical effect of the embodiment of the invention. The above units or modules are divided based on logic functions, and in practical applications, the functions of one unit (or module) may also be implemented by a plurality of units (or modules), or the functions of a plurality of units (or modules) may be implemented by one unit (or module).
Based on the description of the system embodiment and the device embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides deep soil body settlement measuring equipment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep soil settlement measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, the deep soil settlement measuring device may be applied to the deep soil settlement measuring apparatus 900, and the deep soil settlement measuring apparatus 900 may include: the processor 901, the network interface 904 and the memory 905, the deep soil settlement measuring device 900 may further include: a user interface 903, and at least one communication bus 902. Wherein a communication bus 902 is used to enable connective communication between these components. The user interface 903 may include a Display (Display) and a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional user interface 903 may also include a standard wired interface and a standard wireless interface. The network interface 904 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface). The memory 905 may be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory (e.g., at least one disk memory). The memory 905 may optionally be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor 901. As shown in fig. 9, the memory 905, which is a kind of computer storage medium, may include therein an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a device control application program.
In the deep soil settlement measuring device 900 shown in fig. 9, the network interface 904 may provide a network communication function; and the user interface 903 is primarily an interface for providing input to a user; and the processor 901 may be configured to invoke a device control application stored in the memory 905 to implement:
determining a first vertical distance between the top end of the detection rod and the ground surface according to a first image, wherein the first image is an image shot at a first position at a first moment, the first image comprises the top end of the detection rod and a drilling hole opening used for placing the detection rod, the drilling hole is a vertical hole formed in the ground surface towards the deep soil body to be detected, the detection rod is in contact with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilling hole, and the detection rod is limited to move along the central line direction of the drilling hole along with the deep soil body to be detected;
determining a second vertical distance between the top end of the detection rod and the ground surface according to a second image, wherein the second image is an image shot at a second position at a second moment, the first moment is earlier than the second moment, and the second image comprises the top end of the detection rod and a drilling hole;
and determining the settlement of the deep soil body to be detected according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
In one embodiment, the processor 901 performs the following steps in determining a third vertical distance of the tip of the test stick relative to the ground surface from a third image comprising the tip of the test stick and the bore hole:
determining the top end displacement of the detection rod sensed by the third image according to the pixel distance between the top end of the detection rod and the center point of the drill hole in the third image and the object plane resolution;
determining a third vertical distance according to the top end displacement and an included angle between the camera and the ground surface when the third image is shot; when the third image is the first image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the first vertical distance; when the third image is the second image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the second vertical distance.
In one embodiment, where the borehole opening is circular, the angle between the camera and the ground surface is the arcsine function of the ratio between the minor and major semi-axes of the ellipse after imaging of the borehole opening.
In one embodiment, a light-transmissive protective cover for enclosing the borehole is also included in the first image. The light-transmitting protective cover is a circular cover, and the pixel distance is the pixel distance between the top end of the detection rod in the third image and the center point of the circular cover.
In one embodiment, when the top end of the detection rod is provided with a luminous or non-luminous marker, the pixel distance is the pixel distance between the marker and the central point of the drilling hole or the light-transmitting protective cover in the third image.
It should be understood that the deep soil settlement measuring device 900 described in the embodiments of the present invention may perform the deep soil settlement measuring method described above, and may also perform the deep soil settlement measuring device described above, which will not be described herein again. In addition, the beneficial effects of the same method are not described in detail.
Further, here, it is to be noted that: an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores the aforementioned computer program executed by the deep soil settlement measuring device, and the computer program includes program instructions, and when a processor executes the program instructions, the description of the deep soil settlement measuring method can be executed, which is not described herein again. In addition, the beneficial effects of the same method are not described in detail. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the computer storage medium to which the present invention relates, reference is made to the description of the method embodiments of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above can be included. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A deep soil body settlement measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a first vertical distance between the top end of a detection rod and the ground surface according to a first image, wherein the first image is an image shot at a first position at a first moment, the first image comprises the top end of the detection rod and a drilling hole opening used for placing the detection rod, the drilling hole is a vertical hole formed in the ground surface towards the deep soil body to be detected, the detection rod is in contact with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilling hole, and the detection rod is limited to move along the central line direction of the drilling hole along with the deep soil body to be detected;
determining a second vertical distance between the top end of the detection rod and the ground surface according to a second image, wherein the second image is an image shot at a second position at a second moment, the first moment is earlier than the second moment, and the second image comprises the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole;
and determining the settlement amount of the deep soil body to be detected according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining a third vertical distance of the tip of the test stick relative to the ground surface from a third image comprising the tip of the test stick and the borehole opening comprises:
determining the top end displacement of the detection rod sensed by the third image according to the pixel distance between the top end of the detection rod and the center point of the drilling hole in the third image and the object plane resolution;
determining the third vertical distance according to the top end displacement and an included angle between the camera and the ground surface when the third image is shot; when the third image is the first image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the first vertical distance; when the third image is the second image, correspondingly, the third vertical distance is the second vertical distance.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein when the borehole aperture is circular, the angle between the camera and the ground surface is an arcsine function of the ratio between the minor and major semi-axes of an ellipse imaged by the borehole aperture.
4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a light-transmissive protective cover for closing the bore is further included in the first image.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the light-transmissive protective cover is a dome, and the pixel distance is a pixel distance between a tip of the detection rod and a center point of the dome in the third image.
6. The method of claim 2, 3 or 5, wherein when the tip of the detection rod is provided with a luminescent or non-luminescent marker, the pixel distance is the pixel distance between the marker and the center point of the bore hole or the light-transmissive protective cover in the third image.
7. A deep soil settlement measuring system, comprising:
the detection rod is placed in a drilled hole, the drilled hole is a vertical hole formed in the surface of the deep soil body to be detected, the detection rod is in contact with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilled hole, and the detection rod is limited to move along the central line direction of the drilled hole along with the deep soil body to be detected;
a camera for capturing a first image and a second image, the first image being captured at a first location at a first time, the first image including a tip of the inspection shaft and the borehole opening; the second image is an image shot at a second position at a second moment, the first moment is prior to the second moment, and the second image comprises the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole opening;
a processor for determining a first vertical distance of a tip of the wand relative to a ground surface from the first image; determining a second vertical distance of the top end of the detection rod relative to the ground surface according to the second image; and determining the settlement amount of the deep soil body to be detected according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
8. The system of claim 7, further comprising a light-transmissive protective cover for enclosing the bore.
9. The system of claim 7 or 8, further comprising a luminescent or non-luminescent marker disposed at the tip of the detection rod.
10. The system of claim 7 or 8, further comprising a limiting device for limiting the movement of the detection rod along the central line direction of the borehole to follow the deep soil body to be detected.
11. A deep soil body settlement measuring device, characterized by, includes:
the detection device comprises a first determination module, a second determination module and a control module, wherein the first determination module is used for determining a first vertical distance between the top end of a detection rod and the ground surface according to a first image, the first image is an image shot at a first position at a first moment, the first image comprises the top end of the detection rod and a drilling hole opening used for placing the detection rod, the drilling hole is a vertical hole formed in the deep soil body to be detected from the ground surface, the detection rod is in contact with the deep soil body to be detected through the drilling hole, and the detection rod is limited to move along the central line direction of the drilling hole along with the deep soil body to be detected;
a second determining module, configured to determine a second vertical distance between the top end of the detection rod and the ground surface according to a second image, where the second image is an image taken at a second position at a second time, the first time precedes the second time, and the second image includes the top end of the detection rod and the drilling hole;
and the third determining module is used for determining the settlement of the deep soil body to be detected according to the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.
12. A deep soil body settlement measuring device, characterized by comprising: a processor and a memory;
the processor is connected with the memory, wherein the memory is used for storing program codes, and the processor is used for calling the program codes to execute the deep soil settlement measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
13. A computer storage medium, characterized in that the computer storage medium stores a computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the deep soil settlement measurement method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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