CN113106492A - Electrolytic separation process of iron alloy containing noble metal - Google Patents
Electrolytic separation process of iron alloy containing noble metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN113106492A CN113106492A CN202110342783.1A CN202110342783A CN113106492A CN 113106492 A CN113106492 A CN 113106492A CN 202110342783 A CN202110342783 A CN 202110342783A CN 113106492 A CN113106492 A CN 113106492A
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- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000629 Rh alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions or iron group metals, refractory metals or manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/045—Leaching using electrochemical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolytic separation process of a noble metal-containing ferroalloy, which comprises the following steps: and (2) taking iron alloy containing noble metal as an anode, taking a titanium plate or stainless steel as a cathode, electrolyzing in a ferrous sulfate solution, separating out iron powder or iron sheets at the cathode, putting the noble metal into anode mud, collecting the iron powder or iron sheets, filtering, washing to be neutral, and finally returning to the working procedure of pyrometallurgical smelting and enrichment of iron. The method can realize the separation of iron and noble metals of platinum, palladium and rhodium by only one electrolysis process, and has the characteristics of low equipment investment and short process flow; iron powder or iron sheet precipitated from the cathode can be directly returned to the pyrometallurgical smelting and enriching process of iron after being filtered and washed, so that the recycling of iron is realized; the iron electrolyte can be recycled after being purified, no waste water is generated, and the problem of generating a large amount of waste water by acid dissolution and iron removal is avoided. The electrolysis process disclosed by the invention has no hydrogen, avoids the problem of potential safety hazard caused by hydrogen generated by acid dissolution and iron removal, is safe and environment-friendly, and has good popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precious metal refining, and particularly relates to an electrolytic separation process of a precious metal-containing ferroalloy.
Background
The noble metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium and the like have stable chemical properties, are widely applied in the industrial field, and are essential important materials in modern industry and national defense construction.
The flotation concentrate or secondary resource of noble metal is difficult to be directly refined due to low content of noble metal, and is enriched by a common pyrometallurgical smelting technology and then extracted and separated. The pyrometallurgical enrichment refers to the utilization of good affinity of sulfides or metal melts of base metals such as copper, lead, nickel, iron and the like to gold, silver and platinum group metals (platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium and the like), so that the base metals such as copper, lead, nickel and the like are smelted and simultaneously the precious metals are further enriched. Because the iron has good tendency to rhodium, the iron and the rhodium are easy to generate continuous solid solution at high temperature, and the iron-containing material has wide sources and is a good precious metal trapping agent. Taking the recovery of waste automobile three-way catalysts as an example, at present, the industry mainly concentrates platinum, palladium and rhodium by a smelting iron method to obtain an iron alloy containing noble metals of platinum, palladium and rhodium, and then the iron alloy is dissolved by single acid (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid) to remove iron to obtain platinum, palladium and rhodium alloy powder. However, when a noble metal-containing iron alloy is treated with a single acid, there are the following problems:
(1) the iron removal is not complete, two or even more iron removal processes are usually required, and the iron removal process is long;
(2) about 5m per ton of noble metal-containing iron alloy is treated3The wastewater of (2) faces serious environmental problems and high treatment cost;
(3) the generated iron-containing wastewater is treated by a neutralization precipitation process, and the generated iron hydroxide precipitate is difficult to utilize;
(4) a large amount of hydrogen is generated, and the problems of large potential safety hazard, high investment cost of explosion-proof measures of equipment and workshops and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the acid dissolution method treatment of iron alloy containing precious metals (gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium and the like), and provides an electrolytic separation process of iron alloy containing precious metals, which has the advantages of short process flow, safety and environmental protection.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an electrolytic separation process of noble metal-containing ferroalloy, which comprises the following steps: taking an iron alloy containing noble metals as an anode, taking a titanium plate or a stainless steel plate as a cathode, electrolyzing in a ferrous sulfate solution, separating out iron at the cathode in the form of iron powder or iron sheets, and putting the noble metals into anode mud to realize the separation of the iron and the noble metals; and collecting the iron powder or the iron sheets, washing the iron powder or the iron sheets to be neutral, and finally returning to the pyrometallurgical smelting and enriching process of iron.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anode is a molten iron alloy containing precious metals, and the titanium blue is cast or powdered.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the cathode is a pure titanium plate or a stainless steel plate, and the specific size is determined according to the capacity of the electrolytic cell.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation process of the ferrous sulfate solution is:
distilled water is used as a solvent, sodium sulfate is added as an auxiliary electrolyte, the concentration of the sodium sulfate is controlled to be 20-200 g/L, and then ferrous sulfate is added, and the concentration of the ferrous sulfate is controlled to be 50-150 g/L.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrolysis process is:
adding a ferrous sulfate solution serving as an electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, installing a cathode and an anode, adjusting the homopolar distance to be 70-150 mm, and starting a power supply to start electrolysis; the current density is controlled to be 200-1500A/m in the electrolytic process2The temperature is 25-50 ℃, the pH is 3-5, and the electrolyte is recycled after purification.
Further, the pH value is adjusted by using dilute sulfuric acid or ammonia water.
Further, the electrolysis process is performed in a stirring state to maintain the circulation flow of the electrolyte, thereby eliminating concentration polarization. The stirring mode is any one of motor stirring, aeration body stirring or shaking electrolyte.
Compared with the process for treating the iron alloy containing the noble metal by an acid dissolution method, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method can realize the separation of iron and noble metals (gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium and the like) by only one electrolysis process, and has the characteristics of low equipment investment and short process flow.
(2) The iron powder or iron sheet precipitated by the cathode can be directly returned to the pyrometallurgical smelting and enriching process of iron after being filtered and washed, so that the recycling of the iron is realized.
(3) The iron electrolyte can be recycled after being purified, no waste water is generated, and the problem of generating a large amount of waste water by acid dissolution and iron removal is avoided.
(4) The electrolysis process of the invention does not generate hydrogen, and the problem of potential safety hazard caused by hydrogen generated by acid dissolution and iron removal is solved.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Many non-essential modifications and adaptations of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art based upon a review of the principles herein and are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
The noble metal-containing ferroalloys described in the following examples and comparative examples are all noble metal-containing ferroalloys obtained by pyrogenic melting of low-grade noble metal materials.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of ferrous sulfate solution
Distilled water is used as a solvent, sodium sulfate is added as an auxiliary electrolyte, the concentration of the sodium sulfate is controlled to be 200g/L, and then ferrous sulfate is added, so that the final concentration of the ferrous sulfate is controlled to be 150 g/L.
(2) Electrolytic process
Adding the ferrous sulfate solution prepared in the step (1) into an electrolytic bath as electrolyte, taking a pure titanium plate as a cathode, taking a precious metal-containing ferroalloy casting plate with iron content of 92% as an anode, adjusting the homopolar distance to be 70mm, and starting a power supply to start electrolysis. The current density of the electrolysis process is controlled to be 250A/m2(ii) a Temperature 25 ℃ and pH =4 adjusted with dilute sulfuric acid; an electric stirring device is arranged in the electrolytic cell to keep the electrolyte to circularly flow, so that concentration polarization is eliminated, the electrolyte is recycled after being purified, and the noble metal enters the anode mud to realize the separation of iron and the noble metal.
(3) Washing: collecting iron sheet separated from the cathode, placing the iron sheet in a water tank, washing the iron sheet with distilled water to be neutral after soaking, and finally returning to the pyrometallurgical smelting and enriching process of iron.
The experimental results are as follows: the purity of the iron sheet is 99.1 percent, and the recovery rate is 94.5 percent.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of ferrous sulfate solution
Distilled water is used as a solvent, sodium sulfate is added as an auxiliary electrolyte, the concentration of the sodium sulfate is controlled to be 20g/L, and then ferrous sulfate is added, so that the final concentration of the ferrous sulfate is controlled to be 50 g/L.
(2) Electrolytic process
Adding the ferrous sulfate solution prepared in the step (1) into an electrolytic bath as electrolyte, taking a stainless steel plate as a cathode, taking a noble metal-containing ferroalloy casting plate with the iron content of 96.8% as an anode, adjusting the homopolar distance to be 150mm, and starting a power supply to start electrolysis. The current density of the electrolysis process is controlled to be 800A/m2(ii) a Temperature 40 ℃, and pH =3.5 adjusted with dilute sulfuric acid; a shaking table is arranged in the electrolytic cell to shake the electrolyte so as to keep the electrolyte to circularly flow, thereby eliminating concentration polarization, the electrolyte is circularly utilized after being purified, and the noble metal enters the anode mud to realize the separation of iron and the noble metal.
(3) Washing: collecting iron powder separated out from the cathode, filtering by a fine filter, washing by distilled water to be neutral, and finally returning to the pyrometallurgical smelting and enriching process of iron.
The experimental results are as follows: the purity of the iron powder is 98.9 percent, and the recovery rate is 93 percent.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of ferrous sulfate solution
Distilled water is used as a solvent, sodium sulfate is added as an auxiliary electrolyte, the concentration of the sodium sulfate is controlled to be 100g/L, and then ferrous sulfate is added, so that the final concentration of the ferrous sulfate is controlled to be 120 g/L.
(2) Electrolytic process
Adding the ferrous sulfate solution prepared in the step (1) into an electrolytic bath as electrolyte, taking a pure titanium plate as a cathode, preparing powder of noble metal-containing ferroalloy powder with the iron content of 98 percent, taking the powder of noble metal-containing ferroalloy powder as an anode, adjusting the homopolar distance to be 90mm, and starting a power supply to start electrolysis. The current density of the electrolysis process is controlled to be 1500A/m2(ii) a Temperature 50 ℃, and pH =3 adjusted with ammonia; the aeration device arranged in the electrolytic cell drives the electrolyte to circularly flow, so that concentration polarization is eliminated, the electrolyte is recycled after being purified, and the noble metal enters the anode mud to realize the separation of iron and the noble metal.
(3) Washing: collecting iron powder separated out from the cathode, filtering by a fine filter, washing by distilled water to be neutral, and finally returning to the pyrometallurgical smelting and enriching process of iron.
The experimental results are as follows: the purity of the iron powder is 99.1 percent, and the recovery rate is 95.1 percent.
Comparative example
(1) Iron removal by hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid
150kg of a noble metal-containing iron alloy with an iron content of 98% was added to a reaction kettle, and a hydrochloric acid solution (V: V =1: 4) with a volume fraction of 36% was added, and heated to 80 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours. And filtering after the reaction is completed, adding the filtered noble metal into a reaction kettle, adding a sulfuric acid solution with the volume fraction of 37% (V: V =1: 4), and heating to 80 ℃ for reaction for 1.5 h. And after the reaction is completed, filtering to obtain noble metal powder.
(2) And (4) analyzing results: a large amount of acidic wastewater can be generated by adopting single acid for impurity removal, and about 5m is generated by treating each ton of iron alloy containing noble metal3The acidic wastewater of (2).
The experimental results of the inventive examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Experimental results of inventive examples and comparative examples
The above results show that: the electrolytic separation process of the ferroalloy containing the noble metal provided by the invention has the advantages of short process flow, low investment cost, no gas generation, safety, no wastewater generation, environmental protection and the like, and has good popularization and application values.
Claims (8)
1. An electrolytic separation process of a noble metal-containing iron alloy is characterized in that the separation process comprises the following steps: taking iron alloy containing noble metal as an anode, taking a titanium plate as a cathode, electrolyzing in ferrous sulfate solution, separating out iron at the cathode in the form of iron powder or iron sheets, and allowing the noble metal to enter anode mud to realize the separation of the iron and the noble metal; and collecting the iron powder or the iron sheets, washing the iron powder or the iron sheets to be neutral, and finally returning to the pyrometallurgical smelting and enriching process of iron.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the anode is a molten precious metal-containing ferroalloy, and the molten ferroalloy is cast plate or powdered titanium blue.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the cathode is a pure titanium plate or a stainless steel plate, and the specific size is determined according to the energy production of the electrolytic cell.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the ferrous sulfate solution is prepared by the steps of:
distilled water is used as a solvent, sodium sulfate is added as an auxiliary electrolyte, the concentration of the sodium sulfate is controlled to be 20-200 g/L, and then ferrous sulfate is added, and the concentration of the ferrous sulfate is controlled to be 50-150 g/L.
5. The process for the electrolytic separation of a noble metal-containing iron alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electrolysis process is:
adding a ferrous sulfate solution serving as an electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, installing a cathode and an anode, adjusting the homopolar distance to be 70-150 mm, and starting a power supply to start electrolysis; the current density is controlled to be 200-1500A/m in the electrolytic process2The temperature is 25-50 ℃, the pH is 3-5, and the electrolyte is recycled after purification.
6. The process for the electrolytic separation of a noble metal-containing iron alloy according to claim 5, wherein the pH is adjusted with dilute sulfuric acid or aqueous ammonia.
7. The process of claim 5, wherein the electrolysis is carried out under agitation.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the stirring is performed by any one of motor stirring, gas stirring, or shaking of the electrolyte.
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| CN110656353A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-07 | 北京科技大学 | Method for electrolyzing and recycling platinum group metals from Fe-PGMs (Fe-PGMs) alloy |
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| CN110656353A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-07 | 北京科技大学 | Method for electrolyzing and recycling platinum group metals from Fe-PGMs (Fe-PGMs) alloy |
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Application publication date: 20210713 |