CN113105211A - 钒渣砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
钒渣砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113105211A CN113105211A CN202110405078.1A CN202110405078A CN113105211A CN 113105211 A CN113105211 A CN 113105211A CN 202110405078 A CN202110405078 A CN 202110405078A CN 113105211 A CN113105211 A CN 113105211A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vanadium
- vanadium slag
- solid
- slag brick
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011457 extruded brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G31/00—Compounds of vanadium
- C01G31/02—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6565—Cooling rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种钒渣砖及其制备方法,属于提钒尾渣再利用技术领域。本发明钒渣砖的制备方法包括:将提钒后的钒渣用钠化焙烧法提取V2O5,将提取V2O5后的沉钒废水进行梯度焙烧,再加入还原剂混合后1000~1150℃反应1.5~2h还原,得到固体和SO2、NH3、CO2气体,所述固体中含有Na2S;将所述固体用碱在75~90℃浸出Na2S后得到固体残渣,将固体残渣烘干备用;将烘干后的固体残渣与石灰,矸石,按照2.8~3.2:0.8~1.2:0.8~1.2的比例混合均匀,加水、陈化、成型,再烧结即可。本发明的方法高效利用钒渣,同时排放低,资源价值得到最大化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钒渣砖及其制备方法,属于提钒尾渣再利用技术领域。
背景技术
钒作为工业领域重要的稀有金属,主要用于钢铁工业。含钒钢具有强度高,韧性大,耐磨性好等优良特性,因而广泛应用于机械、汽车、造船、铁路、航空、桥梁、电子技术、国防工业等行业,其用量约占钒消耗量的85%,钢铁行业的用量在钒的用途中占最大比重。钢铁行业的需求直接影响到钒市场行情。大约有10%的钒用于生产航天工业所需的钛合金。钒在钛合金中可以作为稳定剂和强化剂,使钛合金具有很好的延展性和可塑性。此外,钒在化学工业中主要作为催化剂和着色剂。钒还被用于生产可充电氢蓄电池或钒氧化还原蓄电池。此外,国家钢标新条例要求钢中钒含量标准提升原指标25倍。种种原因导致钒需求量剧增,提钒企业全力生产,也就导致提钒所产生的固体废物大量堆积,若不及时处理,不仅仅会让提钒企业或将面临停产危机;提钒尾渣的堆积更是会对环境造成严重污染。
现有工艺对提钒尾渣的处理是对其进行钠化焙烧法提取V2O5,剩余沉钒废水堆积,其中主要含有硫酸钠和硫酸铵,同时含有其他杂质。若不进行妥善处置,不仅造成资源的浪费,不符合清洁生产的要求,且结晶液放置于环境中,产生扬尘、淋沥水等,形成二次污染,对周围环境产生明显影响。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种将钒渣制备成钒渣砖的方法。
为达到本发明的第一个目的,所述的钒渣砖的制备方法包括:
A.钠化焙烧法沉钒废水的还原:将提钒后的钒渣用钠化焙烧法提取V2O5,将提取V2O5后的沉钒废水进行梯度焙烧,再加入还原剂混合后1000~1150℃反应1.5~2h还原,得到固体和SO2、NH3、CO2气体,所述固体中含有Na2S;所述梯度焙烧为依次在1000~1075℃加热0.25~0.3h、1085~1135℃加热0.5~0.6h、1145~1150℃加热0.75~0.8h;
B.产物处理:将所述固体用碱在75~90℃浸出Na2S后得到固体残渣,将固体残渣烘干备用;
C.制砖:将烘干后的固体残渣与石灰,矸石,按照2.8~3.2:0.8~1.2:0.8~1.2的比例混合均匀,加水、陈化、成型,再烧结即可;
所述还原剂优选为粉煤灰;
A步骤所述沉钒废水的含水量9.5%以下。
A步骤焙烧结束后水分完全蒸发。
在一种具体实施方式中,A步骤所述还原剂的添加量与废水干燥过后的固体质量比为1:3~5;所述还原剂的粒度优选为小于7目。
在一种具体实施方式中,B步骤所述碱为NaOH;
B步骤所述碱的浓度优选为78~85%;所述浸出的时间优选为4~4.3h。
在一种具体实施方式中,B步骤所述烘干的工艺为先用水多次洗涤至pH小于8,再将固体950~1050℃干燥至含水量低于7%。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述B步骤还包括将A步骤所述气体进行吸收,产生尿素、硫酸。
在一种具体实施方式中,C步骤所述固体残渣颗粒度小于180目,石灰、矸石颗粒直径小于2.5mm;
优选C步骤所述加水的量为固体残渣与石灰、矸石总质量的13~16wt%。
在一种具体实施方式中,C步骤所述陈化为18~22℃环境下陈化45~50h。
在一种具体实施方式中,C步骤所述成型为陈化后加2~2.3wt%水再混合,挤出成型,再自然晾晒至表面干燥。
在一种具体实施方式中,C步骤所述烧结为升温速率105℃/h,升温过程耗时8.5h,升温至950℃,保温5.5h,降温时长11h,降温速率80℃/h。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种钒渣砖。
为达到本发明的第二个目的,所述钒渣砖采用上述的钒渣砖的制备方法制备得到;
优选所述钒渣砖的自然容量为1700~1800kg/m3,抗压强度7.5~20Mpa,抗冻强度为17~24%,干燥收率<0.6mm/m,放射活性度<1;
更优选所述钒渣砖的规格为24cm*11.5cm*5.3cm。
有益效果:
本发明的提钒固废高效率处理制作钒渣砖的方法,解决现有工艺中钒渣无法高效率利用的弊端,同时使排放达到最低,使得资源价值得到最大化。
本发明制备得到的钒渣砖综合性能好。
附图说明
图1本发明的一种还原提钒固废流程示意图;
图2为本发明的一种制砖流程示意图;
图3为本发明的制砖烧结温度曲线。
具体实施方式
为达到本发明的第一个目的,所述的钒渣砖的制备方法包括:
A.钠化焙烧法沉钒废水的还原:将提钒后的钒渣用钠化焙烧法提取V2O5,将提取V2O5后的沉钒废水进行梯度焙烧,再加入还原剂混合后1000~1150℃反应1.5~2h还原,得到固体和SO2、NH3、CO2气体,所述固体中含有Na2S;所述梯度焙烧为依次在1000~1075℃加热0.25~0.3h、1085~1135℃加热0.5~0.6h、1145~1150℃加热0.75~0.8h;
B.产物处理:将所述固体用碱在75~90℃浸出Na2S后得到固体残渣,将固体残渣烘干备用;
C.制砖:将烘干后的固体残渣与石灰,矸石,按照2.8~3.2:0.8~1.2:0.8~1.2的比例混合均匀,加水、陈化、成型,再烧结即可;
所述还原剂优选为粉煤灰;
A步骤所述沉钒废水的含水量9.5%以下。
A步骤焙烧结束后水分完全蒸发。
在一种具体实施方式中,A步骤所述还原剂的添加量与废水干燥过后的固体质量比为1:3~5;所述还原剂的粒度优选为小于7目。
在一种具体实施方式中,B步骤所述碱为NaOH;
B步骤所述碱的浓度优选为78~85%;所述浸出的时间优选为4~4.3h。
在一种具体实施方式中,B步骤所述烘干的工艺为先用水多次洗涤至pH小于8,再将固体950~1050℃干燥至含水量低于7%。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述B步骤还包括将A步骤所述气体进行吸收,产生尿素、硫酸。
在一种具体实施方式中,C步骤所述固体残渣颗粒度小于180目,石灰、矸石颗粒直径小于2.5mm;
优选C步骤所述加水的量为固体残渣与石灰、矸石总质量的13~16wt%。
在一种具体实施方式中,C步骤所述陈化为18~22℃环境下陈化45~50h。
在一种具体实施方式中,C步骤所述成型为陈化后加2~2.3wt%水再混合,挤出成型,再自然晾晒至表面干燥。
在一种具体实施方式中,C步骤所述烧结为升温速率105℃/h,升温过程耗时8.5h,升温至950℃,保温5.5h,降温时长11h,降温速率80℃/h。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种钒渣砖。
为达到本发明的第二个目的,所述钒渣砖采用上述的钒渣砖的制备方法制备得到;
优选所述钒渣砖的自然容量为1700~1800kg/m3,抗压强度7.5~20Mpa,抗冻强度为17~24%,干燥收率<0.6mm/m,放射活性度<1;
更优选所述钒渣砖的规格为24cm*11.5cm*5.3cm。
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步的描述,并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
实施例1
将沉钒废水运送至反应车间焙烧,经过回转室分段梯度连续焙烧,依次在1054℃焙烧0.28h、1100℃焙烧0.55h、1148℃焙烧0.77h。沉钒废水中的水含量9.1%,焙烧后水分完全蒸发。回转炉型号KY-LQ600-10m,再与含碳量高的高品质煤粉(煤粉颗粒度小于7目)混合,废水干燥过后的固体质量和煤粉按重量比为5:1。在以煤气为热源、反应温度为1020℃下反应1.8h。反应旋转炉型号为QC-M1800-18IK。设备处理能力5t/台·h。
反应产物经吸收SO2、NH3、CO2后,再用80℃的80%浓度NaOH自然浸取Na2S 4小时,剩余固体残渣先用水多次洗涤,使其中pH小于8,再将固体送入回转窑干燥,1000℃干燥4h,使含水量低于7%。将干燥后的固体残渣破碎至粒度小于180目,石灰、矸石颗粒直径小于2.5mm,然后再将干燥后的固体残渣与石灰、矸石按照3:1:1比例混合,加水15wt%,在20℃环境下陈化48小时,陈化后加2wt%水再混合,加入挤出机进行成型,采用挤出机为硬塑制砖机,1.5-2.0万块/h,挤出砖坯在自然环境下自然晾晒至表面水分干燥,再送入窑炉中烧结成型,烧结具体工艺如图3所示:烧结总时长为25h,先以升温速率105℃/h升温至950℃,升温过程耗时8.5h,保温5.5h,再以降温速率80℃/h进行降温,降温时长11h。
成型后的砖块规格为24cm*11.5cm*5.3cm,自然容量为1765kg/m3,抗压强度11.8Mpa,抗冻强度为20%,干燥收率0.45mm/m,放射活性度0.4。
Claims (10)
1.钒渣砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
A.钠化焙烧法沉钒废水的还原:将提钒后的钒渣用钠化焙烧法提取V2O5,将提取V2O5后的沉钒废水进行梯度焙烧,再加入还原剂混合后1000~1150℃反应1.5~2h还原,得到固体和SO2、NH3、CO2气体,所述固体中含有Na2S;所述梯度焙烧为依次在1000~1075℃加热0.25~0.3h、1085~1135℃加热0.5~0.6h、1145~1150℃加热0.75~0.8h;
B.产物处理:将所述固体用碱在75~90℃浸出Na2S后得到固体残渣,将固体残渣烘干备用;
C.制砖:将烘干后的固体残渣与石灰,矸石,按照2.8~3.2:0.8~1.2:0.8~1.2的比例混合均匀,加水、陈化、成型,再烧结即可;
所述还原剂优选为粉煤灰;
A步骤所述沉钒废水的含水量9.5%以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钒渣砖的制备方法,其特征在于,A步骤所述还原剂的添加量与废水干燥过后的固体质量比为1:3~5;所述还原剂的粒度优选为小于7目。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的钒渣砖的制备方法,其特征在于,B步骤所述碱为NaOH;
B步骤所述碱的浓度优选为78~85%;所述浸出的时间优选为4~4.3h。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的钒渣砖的制备方法,其特征在于,B步骤所述烘干的工艺为先用水多次洗涤至pH小于8,再将固体950~1050℃干燥至含水量低于7%。
5.根据权利要求1~4任一项所述的钒渣砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述B步骤还包括将A步骤所述气体进行吸收,产生尿素、硫酸。
6.根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的钒渣砖的制备方法,其特征在于,C步骤所述固体残渣颗粒度小于180目,石灰、矸石颗粒直径小于2.5mm;
优选C步骤所述加水的量为固体残渣与石灰、矸石总质量的13~16wt%。
7.根据权利要求1~6任一项所述的钒渣砖的制备方法,其特征在于,C步骤所述陈化为18~22℃环境下陈化45~50h。
8.根据权利要求1~7任一项所述的钒渣砖的制备方法,其特征在于,C步骤所述成型为陈化后加2~2.3wt%水再混合,挤出成型,再自然晾晒至表面干燥。
9.根据权利要求1~8任一项所述的钒渣砖的制备方法,其特征在于,C步骤所述烧结为升温速率105℃/h,升温过程耗时8.5h,升温至950℃,保温5.5h,降温时长11h,降温速率80℃/h。
10.钒渣砖,其特征在于,所述钒渣砖采用如权利要求1~9任一项所述的钒渣砖的制备方法制备得到;
优选所述钒渣砖的自然容量为1700~1800kg/m3,抗压强度7.5~20Mpa,抗冻强度为17~24%,干燥收率<0.6mm/m,放射活性度<1;
更优选所述钒渣砖的规格为24cm*11.5cm*5.3cm。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110405078.1A CN113105211A (zh) | 2021-04-15 | 2021-04-15 | 钒渣砖及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110405078.1A CN113105211A (zh) | 2021-04-15 | 2021-04-15 | 钒渣砖及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113105211A true CN113105211A (zh) | 2021-07-13 |
Family
ID=76717128
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110405078.1A Pending CN113105211A (zh) | 2021-04-15 | 2021-04-15 | 钒渣砖及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113105211A (zh) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103642962A (zh) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-19 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | 一种提钒尾渣的处理方法 |
CN106755658A (zh) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 东北大学 | 一种含钛熔渣冶金还原生产的方法 |
CN110273072A (zh) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-24 | 攀枝花学院 | 从钒酸铁中分离回收钒和铁的方法 |
CN111304453A (zh) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-06-19 | 承德燕北冶金材料有限公司 | 一种含钒废耐火砖的利用方法 |
CN111704303A (zh) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-09-25 | 攀枝花学院 | 沉钒废水蒸发结晶液的干燥方法以及回收硫化钠的方法 |
CN112321275A (zh) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-05 | 广州智云科技有限公司 | 一种利用废矿渣生产陶瓷砖体的制备方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-04-15 CN CN202110405078.1A patent/CN113105211A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103642962A (zh) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-19 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | 一种提钒尾渣的处理方法 |
CN106755658A (zh) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 东北大学 | 一种含钛熔渣冶金还原生产的方法 |
CN110273072A (zh) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-24 | 攀枝花学院 | 从钒酸铁中分离回收钒和铁的方法 |
CN111304453A (zh) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-06-19 | 承德燕北冶金材料有限公司 | 一种含钒废耐火砖的利用方法 |
CN111704303A (zh) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-09-25 | 攀枝花学院 | 沉钒废水蒸发结晶液的干燥方法以及回收硫化钠的方法 |
CN112321275A (zh) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-05 | 广州智云科技有限公司 | 一种利用废矿渣生产陶瓷砖体的制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
吴恩辉等: ""常压下从钒钛磁铁矿中选择性浸出铁和二氧化钛试验研究"", 《湿法冶金》 * |
王广恩: ""钒渣对镁碳砖的侵蚀机理研究 钒渣对镁碳砖的侵蚀机理研究 钒渣对镁碳砖的侵蚀机理研究"", 《万方知识平台》 * |
蔡昭铃等: ""从钠化钒渣浸取液中分离钒的研究"", 《钢铁钒钛》 * |
许佩瑶等: ""粉煤灰处理含重金属废水的研究进展"", 《煤炭工程》 * |
陈欢哲等: ""燃煤烟气脱硝技术研究进展"", 《应用化工》 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102277483B (zh) | 白云鄂博稀土精矿制备氯化稀土的方法 | |
CN114606386B (zh) | 一种废弃锂电池磨浸回收钴和锂的工艺 | |
CN101396741B (zh) | 一种制备高纯超细金属钼粉的方法 | |
CN105039724B (zh) | 一种熔炼炉烟灰的处理方法 | |
CN109867382B (zh) | 一种酸洗废液中金属离子的资源化回收方法、由其制得的产品及其用途 | |
CN115193877A (zh) | 一种铝灰渣资源综合利用的方法 | |
CN110551899A (zh) | 一种高效节能再生铅冶炼工艺 | |
CN109721299B (zh) | 一种电解锰渣制备免烧陶粒的方法 | |
CN106337133A (zh) | 一种废scr脱硝催化剂中钛钒钨的回收方法 | |
CN101307463A (zh) | 利用锰渣代替部分氨水中和除铁生产电解金属锰的方法 | |
CN113215394B (zh) | 一种石煤的处理方法 | |
CN113105211A (zh) | 钒渣砖及其制备方法 | |
CN105565395B (zh) | 一种铜矿山萃余液的处理方法 | |
CN107221723A (zh) | 一种生物发酵法回收铅蓄电池中铅的方法 | |
CN101880773B (zh) | 用电解金属锰废渣生产合成还原剂的制作工艺及该合成还原剂的应用 | |
CN103290241A (zh) | 一种废钨与镍钼矿共同硝石熔炼提取钨钴钼镍的方法 | |
CN113104816B (zh) | 沉钒废水回收利用提硫酸的方法 | |
CN110028042B (zh) | 一种电解铝电解槽废旧阴极炭块的回收利用方法 | |
CN109112302B (zh) | 一种从高碳石煤中提取钒的方法 | |
CN110042256B (zh) | 一种从镍铁冶炼渣中回收铬并制备轻质隔热材料的方法 | |
CN102417972A (zh) | 难选冶铁锰共生贫矿双还原制铁精矿和锰化工产品的方法 | |
CN109734410B (zh) | 一种耐酸高强环保免烧砖及其制备方法 | |
CN101100709A (zh) | 氧化钒生产过程中回收铬的方法 | |
CN104141047A (zh) | 一种钼铁渣的资源化处理方法 | |
CN115433837B (zh) | 一种铝灰综合利用的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210713 |