CN113102711A - Method and device for producing forged piece - Google Patents
Method and device for producing forged piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN113102711A CN113102711A CN202110365015.8A CN202110365015A CN113102711A CN 113102711 A CN113102711 A CN 113102711A CN 202110365015 A CN202110365015 A CN 202110365015A CN 113102711 A CN113102711 A CN 113102711A
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- tundish
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- forging
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
- B22D41/01—Heating means
- B22D41/015—Heating means with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for producing a forged piece, which relate to the technical field of production of forged pieces, and the method comprises the steps of pouring a melt in a ladle into a tundish at a first speed, and pouring the melt in the tundish into a crystallizer at a second speed; monitoring the liquid level of the melt in the tundish, if the liquid level does not reach a preset height, adjusting a first speed to enable the first speed to be larger than or equal to a second speed, and if the liquid level is higher than the preset height, adjusting the first speed to enable the first speed to be smaller than the second speed; and monitoring the temperature of the melt in the tundish, controlling the plasma heating device to heat the melt in the ladle if the temperature of the melt is less than a first preset value, and controlling the plasma heating device to stop heating if the temperature of the melt is greater than a second preset value. By the method, low drawing speed and low superheat degree are realized, and the quality of the produced forged piece is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging production, in particular to a method and a device for producing a forging.
Background
At present, in the process of producing a forged piece by a casting blank, in order to prevent the melt in the ladle from solidifying, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature of the melt in the ladle is high, and the melt in the ladle does not stay in the ladle for too long, so that the speed of pouring the melt in the ladle into the tundish must be high, and in order to ensure that the volume of the melt in the tundish is maintained within a certain range, correspondingly, the speed of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer must also be high, which finally results in high billet drawing speed, high superheat degree and low quality of the finally produced forged piece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that the prior forging production method causes higher withdrawal speed and higher superheat degree.
In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing a forged part, including:
arranging a plasma heating device above the ladle or conveying the ladle to the lower part of the plasma heating device;
pouring the melt in the ladle into a tundish at a first speed, and pouring the melt in the tundish into a crystallizer at a second speed, wherein the second speed is a fixed value;
monitoring the liquid level of the melt in the tundish, if the liquid level does not reach a preset height, adjusting the first speed to enable the first speed to be larger than or equal to the second speed, and if the liquid level is higher than the preset height, adjusting the first speed to enable the first speed to be smaller than the second speed;
monitoring the temperature of the melt in the tundish, controlling the plasma heating device to heat the melt in the ladle if the temperature of the melt in the tundish is smaller than a first preset value, and controlling the plasma heating device to stop heating if the temperature of the melt in the tundish is larger than a second preset value, wherein the first preset value is larger than the liquidus temperature of the melt, and the second preset value is larger than the first preset value.
Further, the method further comprises:
arranging an electromagnetic stirrer on the outer side of the crystallizer, wherein the electromagnetic stirrer is suitable for moving up and down relative to the crystallizer;
and keeping the electromagnetic stirrer outside the top end of the crystallizer during the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer, and controlling the electromagnetic stirrer to electromagnetically stir the melt at the top end of the crystallizer.
Further, the method further comprises:
and controlling the electromagnetic stirrer to move downwards and electromagnetically stir the melt at the end of the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer, and moving upwards and electromagnetically stirring the melt after moving downwards to the outer side of the bottom end of the melt until the electromagnetic stirrer moves upwards to the outer side of the top end of the crystallizer.
Further, the method further comprises:
an induction heating cap opening is arranged at the top end of the crystallizer;
and when the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer is finished, controlling the induction heating cap port to heat and feed the melt at the top end of the crystallizer.
Further, the method further comprises:
an ingot pulling mechanism is arranged below the crystallizer;
and in the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer, controlling the ingot pulling mechanism to pull down the solidified bottom end of the melt in the crystallizer until the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer is finished.
Further, the second preset value is different from the first preset value by 3-8 ℃.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a forging production apparatus that produces a forging by the forging production method as described above, including:
the top end of the steel ladle is provided with an opening, and the bottom end of the steel ladle is provided with a first liquid outlet;
the plasma heating device is arranged above the steel ladle and is used for heating the steel ladle and the melt in the steel ladle;
the top end of the tundish is provided with a liquid inlet, the bottom end of the tundish is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the tundish is internally provided with a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the melt in the tundish, and the liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the liquid level of the melt in the tundish;
the crystallizer is arranged right below the second liquid outlet;
the protective cover is used for connecting and sealing the second liquid outlet and the crystallizer; and
and the invasion pipeline is used for communicating the first liquid outlet with the liquid inlet, and one end of the invasion pipeline is suitable for penetrating through the liquid inlet to be inserted into the melt in the tundish.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
and the electromagnetic stirrer is arranged at the outer side of the crystallizer and is suitable for moving up and down relative to the crystallizer.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
and the induction heating cap opening is arranged at the top end of the crystallizer and used for heating and feeding the melt at the top end of the crystallizer when the process that the melt in the tundish is poured into the crystallizer is finished.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
and the ingot pulling mechanism is used for continuously pulling down the solidified bottom end of the melt in the crystallizer in the process that the melt in the tundish is poured into the crystallizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by monitoring the temperature of the melt in the tundish, when the temperature of the melt in the tundish is less than a first preset value, heating the melt in the ladle, stopping heating when the temperature of the melt in the tundish is higher than a second preset value, thereby controlling the temperature of the melt in the tundish within a certain range, ensuring that the melt in the tundish is in a liquid state, because the temperature of the melt in the ladle is necessarily higher than that in the tundish, the melt in the ladle is also necessarily in a liquid state, therefore, the temperature of the melt in the tundish can be controlled in a relatively low temperature range, the melt in the tundish can be poured into the crystallizer at a relatively slow speed, namely, the second speed can be set to be a relatively small value, so that low pulling speed and low superheat degree can be realized, the internal compactness of a casting blank formed after the melt is solidified is improved, the segregation quality of the casting blank is improved, the final yield is improved, and the quality of the produced forged piece is further improved; in addition, the liquid level of the melt in the tundish is monitored, and the speed of pouring the melt in the steel ladle into the tundish is adjusted according to the liquid level of the melt in the tundish, so that the liquid level of the melt in the tundish is kept in a certain range, the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer is a continuous process, and the quality of a finally produced forged piece is further ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of producing a forging of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an electromagnetic stirring process of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a forging production device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-steel ladle, 2-plasma heating device, 3-tundish, 4-electromagnetic stirrer, 5-crystallizer, 6-induction heating cap opening and 7-casting blank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like, which indicate orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for producing a forging according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101: and arranging a plasma heating device 2 above the ladle 1 or conveying the ladle 1 to the lower part of the plasma heating device 2.
In this embodiment, the melt refers to a molten metal, and may be any one of iron, steel, aluminum, copper, and alloy, or a mixture thereof.
In application, firstly, raw materials need to be subjected to electric furnace roughing and external refining to obtain pure melt, then the obtained pure melt is poured into a steel ladle 1 through a conveying device, an opening is formed in the top end of the steel ladle 1, and the melt enters the steel ladle 1 through the opening.
Wherein, in the production process, the opening at the top end of the steel ladle 1 is covered with a fire-resistant cover, the fire-resistant cover is provided with an opening corresponding to the plasma heating device 2, the plasma heating device 2 positioned above the steel ladle 1 heats the melt in the steel ladle 1 through the opening on the fire-resistant cover, at the moment, a heating chamber is formed in the steel ladle 1, and inert gas is arranged above the melt to protect the melt from being oxidized in the heating process.
S102: the melt in the ladle 1 is poured into a tundish 3 at a first speed, and the melt in the tundish 3 is poured into a crystallizer 5 at a second speed, wherein the second speed is a fixed value.
The second speed is ideally kept at a fixed value, and in application, the second speed is allowed to have a certain error.
S103: monitoring the liquid level of the fusant in the tundish 3, if the liquid level does not reach the preset height, adjusting the first speed to enable the first speed to be larger than or equal to the second speed, and if the liquid level is higher than the preset height, adjusting the first speed to enable the first speed to be smaller than the second speed.
Wherein, a hydraulic valve is arranged in the steel ladle 1, and the speed of pouring the melt in the steel ladle 1 into the tundish 3, namely the first speed, is controlled by the hydraulic valve; a hydraulic valve is also provided in the tundish 3, by means of which the rate at which the melt in the tundish 3 is poured into the mould 5, i.e. the second rate, is controlled, in this embodiment the hydraulic valve in the tundish 3 is used to keep the second rate at a fixed value.
In application, the second speed is set according to the section size of the produced forged piece.
S104: monitoring the temperature of the melt in the tundish 3, controlling the plasma heating device 2 to heat the melt in the ladle 1 if the temperature of the melt in the tundish 3 is less than a first preset value, and controlling the plasma heating device 2 to stop heating if the temperature of the melt in the tundish 3 is greater than a second preset value, wherein the first preset value is greater than the liquidus temperature of the melt, and the second preset value is greater than the first preset value.
By monitoring the temperature of the melt in the tundish 3, when the temperature of the melt in the tundish 3 is less than a first preset value, the melt in the ladle 1 is heated, and when the temperature of the melt in the tundish 3 is greater than a second preset value, the heating is stopped, so that the temperature of the melt in the tundish 3 is controlled within a certain range, the melt in the tundish 3 is ensured to be in a liquid state, and the melt in the ladle 1 is inevitably in a liquid state because the temperature of the melt in the ladle 1 is inevitably greater than the temperature in the tundish 3, therefore, the temperature of the melt in the tundish 3 can be controlled within a relatively low temperature range, the melt in the tundish 3 can be poured into the crystallizer 5 at a relatively slow speed, namely, the second speed can be set to be a relatively small value, so that low pulling speed and low superheat degree can be realized, the internal compactness of a casting blank 7 formed after the melt is solidified can be improved, and the segregation quality of the casting blank 7 can be improved, the final yield is improved, and the quality of the produced forged piece is improved; in addition, the liquid level of the melt in the tundish 3 is monitored, and the speed of pouring the melt in the ladle 1 into the tundish 3 is adjusted according to the liquid level of the melt in the tundish 3, so that the liquid level of the melt in the tundish 3 is kept in a certain range, the process of pouring the melt in the tundish 3 into the crystallizer 5 is a continuous process, and the quality of the finally produced forged piece is further ensured.
The melt is solidified in the mould 5, the solidified melt being referred to as cast strand 7. The drawing speed is a speed at which the cast slab 7 is drawn out from the mold 5, and is simply referred to as a drawing speed. Because the solidification speed of the molten steel limits the thickness of the billet shell when the casting billet 7 is discharged from the crystallizer 5, the higher the drawing speed is, the thinner the billet shell is, and excessive deformation and even steel leakage are easy to generate. Meanwhile, the inside of the casting blank 7 is loosened and shrunk, so that the quality is deteriorated. Therefore, the low drawing speed is advantageous for improving the quality of the cast slab 7. The degree of superheat reflects the metallographic structure of the steel, and if the degree of superheat is too high, the mechanical properties of the cast slab 7 are likely to be adversely affected, and even the steel is likely to crack, so that a low degree of superheat is advantageous for improving the quality of the cast slab 7.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
s201: arranging an electromagnetic stirrer 4 at the outer side of the crystallizer 5, wherein the electromagnetic stirrer 4 is suitable for moving up and down relative to the crystallizer 5;
s202: keeping the electromagnetic stirrer 4 outside the top end of the crystallizer 5 during the process of pouring the melt in the tundish 3 into the crystallizer 5, and controlling the electromagnetic stirrer 4 to electromagnetically stir the melt at the top end of the crystallizer 5.
Wherein the process of pouring the melt into the crystallizer 5 is a casting process.
In the process of pouring the melt in the tundish 3 into the crystallizer 5, the volume of the melt in the crystallizer 5 is continuously increased, in order to ensure that the melt in the tundish 3 can be continuously poured into the crystallizer 5, the bottom end of the crystallizer 5 can continuously move downwards, and the downwards movement of the bottom end of the melt is realized by gravity and a pulling mechanism, namely, the blank is realized by the gravity and the pulling mechanism, so that in the casting process, in order to ensure that the melt can be uniformly stirred, the position of the electromagnetic stirrer 4 needs to be kept outside the top end of the crystallizer 5.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
s203: and controlling the electromagnetic stirrer 4 to move downwards and electromagnetically stir the melt at the end of the process of pouring the melt in the tundish 3 into the crystallizer 5, and moving upwards and electromagnetically stirring the melt after moving downwards to the outer side of the bottom end of the melt until the electromagnetic stirrer 4 moves upwards to the outer side of the top end of the crystallizer 5.
As already described above, the bottom end of the melt needs to be moved down continuously during casting. Therefore, when the length of the produced cast strand 7 is long, the bottom end of the melt is pulled out of the mold 5 after the casting process has continued for a certain time, i.e., the bottom end of the melt is located below the mold 5 in the solidification stage. The electromagnetic stirrer 4 needs to be moved down to the outside of the bottom end of the melt in order to stir the melt uniformly during solidification.
In application, the solidification process is carried out after the casting process of the melt is finished, and because the cooling rates of all parts of the melt are different, the melt is usually solidified firstly on the outer layer and then on the inner layer, so in order to improve the isometric crystal rate of the casting blank 7 and obtain the casting blank 7 with a good solidification structure, the melt on the inner layer needs to be electromagnetically stirred in the solidification process. And because the solidification process is after the casting process, therefore, the position of the melt can not be changed in the solidification process, and in order to realize uniform electromagnetic stirring of the melt, the electromagnetic stirrer 4 needs to move up and down relative to the melt. And the bottom end part of the melt is poured into the crystallizer 5 firstly, and the top end part of the melt is poured into the crystallizer 5 finally, so that the bottom end part of the melt is cooled firstly, and the top end part of the melt is cooled later, therefore, the final moving process of the electromagnetic stirrer 4 is an upward moving process to ensure that the electromagnetic stirrer 4 performs electromagnetic stirring on the top end part of the melt finally.
Wherein, the electromagnetic stirrer 4 moves up or down relative to the melt at a constant speed in the solidification process. In this embodiment, there is only one downward movement and one upward movement of the electromagnetic stirrer 4, and the sum of the durations of the downward movement and the upward movement of the electromagnetic stirrer 4 is equal to the duration of the solidification process.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
an induction heating cap opening 6 is arranged at the top end of the crystallizer 5;
and when the process of pouring the melt in the tundish 3 into the crystallizer 5 is finished, controlling the induction heating cap opening 6 to heat and feed the melt at the top end of the crystallizer 5.
The induction heating cap opening 6 comprises an induction coil, and electromagnetic induction heating of the melt is achieved by electrifying the induction coil.
In the embodiment, because the melt at the top end of the crystallizer 5 is finally cooled, the shrinkage cavity is generally generated on the melt at the top end of the crystallizer 5, and in order to avoid the shrinkage cavity generated on the melt at the top end of the crystallizer 5, the melt at the top end of the crystallizer 5 needs to be heated, so that the melt at the top end is in a liquid state, and the shrinkage cavity is compensated through the liquid melt.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
an ingot pulling mechanism is arranged below the crystallizer 5;
and in the process of pouring the melt in the tundish 3 into the crystallizer 5, controlling the ingot pulling mechanism to pull down the solidified bottom end of the melt in the crystallizer 5 until the process of pouring the melt in the tundish 3 into the crystallizer 5 is finished.
The bottom end part of the melt in the crystallizer 5 is the melt poured into the crystallizer 5 firstly, so that the melt is solidified firstly, the outer layer part of the bottom end of the melt in the crystallizer 5 is solidified to form a billet shell, and the ingot pulling mechanism can pull down the billet shell to make the top end of the crystallizer 5 leave a casting space, so that the production of the long casting blank 7 can be realized.
As described above, in order to ensure that the melt in the tundish 3 can be continuously poured into the crystallizer 5, the bottom end of the crystallizer 5 needs to be moved downwards continuously, so that an ingot pulling mechanism needs to be arranged, and the bottom end of the solidified melt in the crystallizer 5 is pulled downwards at a constant speed by the ingot pulling mechanism.
In application, after the solidification process is finished, the casting blank is turned to the horizontal direction through the turnover mechanism, then is conveyed into the slow cooling pit to be continuously cooled, and finally is conveyed to a forging station to be forged.
Optionally, the second preset value differs from the first preset value by 3-8 ℃.
In the present embodiment, the first preset value is preferably a value obtained by adding 27.5 to the liquidus temperature of the melt.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiments do not imply an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a device for producing a forged part, which produces a forged part by the method for producing a forged part described above, including:
the top end of the steel ladle 1 is provided with an opening, and the bottom end of the steel ladle is provided with a first liquid outlet;
the plasma heating device 2 is arranged above the ladle 1, and the plasma heating device 2 is used for heating the ladle 1 and the melt in the ladle 1;
the top end of the tundish 3 is provided with a liquid inlet, the bottom end of the tundish 3 is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the tundish 3 is internally provided with a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the melt in the tundish 3, and the liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the liquid level of the melt in the tundish 3;
a crystallizer 5 disposed right below the second liquid outlet;
the protective cover is used for connecting and sealing the second liquid outlet and the crystallizer 5; and
and an intruding pipe for communicating the first liquid outlet and the liquid inlet, wherein one end of the intruding pipe is suitable for being inserted into the melt in the tundish 3 through the liquid inlet.
The forging production device is an execution device for producing the forging by adopting the forging production method, and the specific real-time mode is explained in the foregoing, and is not repeated here.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and an electromagnetic stirrer 4 disposed outside the mold 5 and adapted to move up and down with respect to the mold 5.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the induction heating cap opening 6 is arranged at the top end of the crystallizer 5 and is used for heating and feeding the melt at the top end of the crystallizer 5 when the process that the melt in the tundish 3 is poured into the crystallizer 5 is finished.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the ingot pulling mechanism is used for continuously pulling down the solidified bottom end of the melt in the crystallizer 5 in the process that the melt in the tundish 3 is poured into the crystallizer 5.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A method of producing a forging, comprising:
arranging a plasma heating device above the ladle or conveying the ladle to the lower part of the plasma heating device;
pouring the melt in the ladle into a tundish at a first speed, and pouring the melt in the tundish into a crystallizer at a second speed, wherein the second speed is a fixed value;
monitoring the liquid level of the melt in the tundish, if the liquid level does not reach a preset height, adjusting the first speed to enable the first speed to be larger than or equal to the second speed, and if the liquid level is higher than the preset height, adjusting the first speed to enable the first speed to be smaller than the second speed;
monitoring the temperature of the melt in the tundish, controlling the plasma heating device to heat the melt in the ladle if the temperature of the melt in the tundish is smaller than a first preset value, and controlling the plasma heating device to stop heating if the temperature of the melt in the tundish is larger than a second preset value, wherein the first preset value is larger than the liquidus temperature of the melt, and the second preset value is larger than the first preset value.
2. The method of producing a forging of claim 1, further comprising:
arranging an electromagnetic stirrer on the outer side of the crystallizer, wherein the electromagnetic stirrer is suitable for moving up and down relative to the crystallizer;
and keeping the electromagnetic stirrer outside the top end of the crystallizer during the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer, and controlling the electromagnetic stirrer to electromagnetically stir the melt at the top end of the crystallizer.
3. The method of producing a forging of claim 2, further comprising:
and controlling the electromagnetic stirrer to move downwards and electromagnetically stir the melt at the end of the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer, and moving upwards and electromagnetically stirring the melt after moving downwards to the outer side of the bottom end of the melt until the electromagnetic stirrer moves upwards to the outer side of the top end of the crystallizer.
4. The method of producing a forging of claim 1, further comprising:
an induction heating cap opening is arranged at the top end of the crystallizer;
and when the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer is finished, controlling the induction heating cap port to heat and feed the melt at the top end of the crystallizer.
5. The method of producing a forging of claim 1, further comprising:
an ingot pulling mechanism is arranged below the crystallizer;
and in the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer, controlling the ingot pulling mechanism to pull down the solidified bottom end of the melt in the crystallizer until the process of pouring the melt in the tundish into the crystallizer is finished.
6. The method for producing forgings according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second preset value differs from the first preset value by 3-8 ℃.
7. A forging producing apparatus that produces a forging by the forging producing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising:
the top end of the steel ladle is provided with an opening, and the bottom end of the steel ladle is provided with a first liquid outlet;
the plasma heating device is arranged above the steel ladle and is used for heating the steel ladle and the melt in the steel ladle;
the top end of the tundish is provided with a liquid inlet, the bottom end of the tundish is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the tundish is internally provided with a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the melt in the tundish, and the liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the liquid level of the melt in the tundish;
the crystallizer is arranged right below the second liquid outlet;
the protective cover is used for connecting and sealing the second liquid outlet and the crystallizer; and
and the invasion pipeline is used for communicating the first liquid outlet with the liquid inlet, and one end of the invasion pipeline is suitable for penetrating through the liquid inlet to be inserted into the melt in the tundish.
8. The forging production device of claim 7, further comprising:
and the electromagnetic stirrer is arranged at the outer side of the crystallizer and is suitable for moving up and down relative to the crystallizer.
9. The forging production device of claim 8, further comprising:
and the induction heating cap opening is arranged at the top end of the crystallizer and used for heating and feeding the melt at the top end of the crystallizer when the process that the melt in the tundish is poured into the crystallizer is finished.
10. The forging production device of any of claims 7 to 9, further comprising:
and the ingot pulling mechanism is used for continuously pulling down the solidified bottom end of the melt in the crystallizer in the process that the melt in the tundish is poured into the crystallizer.
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Application publication date: 20210713 |