CN113100905A - Accurate positioner of fracture operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an accurate positioning device for a fracture surgery, which belongs to the field of medical surgeries and comprises a handle, a telescopic pressing head and a positioning hook, wherein the telescopic pressing head is fixed at the front end of the handle and is internally provided with a guide through hole; one end of the positioning hook is fixed at the front end of the handle, and the other end of the positioning hook is matched with the telescopic pressing head to realize the clamping and fixing of the fracture part and the positioning of the Kirschner wire; the positioning hook is an adjustable positioning hook with adjustable size; can do benefit to the quick accuracy of ke shi needle and bore the fracture department, avoid unnecessary ke shi needle to puncture repeatedly, the hollow screw of the later stage of being convenient for is put into, shortens operation time, reduces the operation degree of difficulty for the postoperative is recovered.

Description

Accurate positioner of fracture operation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical operations, in particular to an accurate positioning device for a fracture operation.

Background

Fracture refers to a medical condition in which the continuity of bones is partially or completely broken, and in a severe case, bones may be broken into several pieces; fractures may be the result of a brute force impact or pressure; the effective treatment mode to the fracture is to advance internal fixation (steel plate screw or simple hollow nail) to the fracture department through the operation, treat scab healing, in the fracture operation, for example thighbone condyle or humerus condyle fracture operation, the doctor generally carries out centre gripping with the part of fracture separation fixedly through clamping device, then squeeze into the kirschner wire and fix a position and guide for the hollow screw that waits to bore into, and generally difficult accurate judgement to the kirschner wire position of withdrawing needle of squeezing into, if the kirschner wire position is not good enough, the doctor often need to try wrong with many times of kirschner wire and just can make things convenient for later stage accuracy to bore into hollow screw and carry out the fracture department fixed, this kind of many times of puncture operation causes bone tissue damage or fracture easily, increase the operation degree of difficulty, reduce the operation inefficiency, be unfavorable for shortening recovered time.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an accurate positioning device for fracture surgery, which is beneficial to accurate placing of kirschner wires and quick and accurate drilling of hollow screws into fracture sites in the later period, thereby avoiding unnecessary bone puncture trial and error, reducing the difficulty of surgery, and accelerating postoperative rehabilitation.

The invention relates to an accurate positioning device for a fracture surgery, which comprises a handle, a telescopic compression head and a positioning hook, wherein the telescopic compression head is fixed at the front end of the handle and is internally provided with a guide through hole; one end of the positioning hook is fixed at the front end of the handle, and the other end of the positioning hook is matched with the telescopic pressing head to realize the clamping, fixing, puncturing and positioning of the fracture part; the positioning hook is an adjustable positioning hook with adjustable size.

Furthermore, the location crotch is approximate isosceles trapezoid and includes left telescopic link, right telescopic link and end telescopic link, the upper end and the handle front end of left side telescopic link are fixed, and the upper end of right telescopic link is fixed be provided with flexible compressing head complex arc tail section hook.

Further, the left telescopic rod and the right telescopic rod and the bottom telescopic rod are fixedly connected through an arc-shaped connecting section.

Furthermore, left telescopic link, right telescopic link and end telescopic link all include fixed sleeving, slip endotheca in fixed sleeving's slide bar and be fixed in fixed sleeving and be used for the locking mechanism of locking slide bar.

Furthermore, the locking mechanism comprises a locking pin hole arranged on the side wall of the fixed sleeve, a locking pin arranged in the locking pin hole in a sliding manner, a locking groove arranged on the surface of the sliding rod and matched with the locking pin in an inserting manner, and a locking ring used for compressing the locking pin; the locking ring is sleeved on the fixed sleeve in a sliding mode and compresses the locking pin along the axial direction of the locking pin hole to enable the locking pin to be inserted into the locking pin hole.

The locking device comprises a locking ring and a tension spring, wherein the locking ring is fixedly sleeved on a fixing sleeve, the tension spring is connected between the locking ring and the fixing sleeve, the locking pin hole is formed in the edge of the positioning ring, the edge of the locking ring protrudes to form a pressing tongue, the locking ring is pressed on the positioning ring under the driving of the tension spring, the pressing tongue is inserted into the locking pin hole along the radial direction of the locking pin hole, the pressing tongue is used for pressing the locking pin along the axial direction of the locking pin hole, and the locking pin is provided with pretightening force.

Furthermore, the locking grooves are circular grooves, and a plurality of locking grooves are partially overlapped and arranged in parallel along the length direction of the sliding rod; the sections of the fixed sleeve and the slide bar are rectangular.

Furthermore, the telescopic pressing head comprises an outer sleeve fixed at the front end of the handle, a pressing rod sleeved at the front end of the outer sleeve in a sliding manner along the axial direction with a single degree of freedom, and a driving threaded pipe sleeved at the rear end of the outer sleeve in a threaded manner and used for driving the pressing rod axially, and a guide through hole is formed in the pressing rod.

Furthermore, the edge of the front end face of the pressing rod is provided with a plurality of fixing teeth distributed along the circumferential direction, the guide through hole comprises a plurality of guide channels with different radiuses or the pressing rod is multiple and the radius of the guide through hole of each pressing rod is different.

Furthermore, a first scale mark and a second scale mark are arranged on the side faces of the sliding rods on the left telescopic rod and the right telescopic rod, a third scale mark is arranged on the side face of the sliding rod on the bottom telescopic rod, the first scale mark is used for displaying the depth of the hook, and the second scale mark and the third scale mark are used for displaying the width of the opening at the top of the positioning hook; and a fourth scale mark is arranged on the side surface of the pressing rod and used for displaying the extending length of the pressing rod relative to the outer sleeve.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the accurate positioning device for the fracture surgery, the positioning hook is adjustable in size, so that the accurate positioning device is suitable for fracture parts of different sizes, the applicability is wide, the size of the positioning hook is adjusted according to the specific condition of fracture, the positioning hook is favorably in three-point contact with the fracture part, the rotation of the positioning hook after fixation is avoided, the fixation stability of the fracture part is effectively improved, the high fixation precision of the fracture part is ensured, a hollow screw can be conveniently and accurately placed in the fracture part, unnecessary bone puncture trial and error are avoided, the surgery difficulty is reduced, and the postoperative rehabilitation is accelerated.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is another schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic rod of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a locking mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the outer sleeve according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the pressing rod of the present invention.

Detailed Description

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention; FIG. 2 is another schematic structural view of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic rod of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a locking mechanism according to the present invention; FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the outer sleeve according to the present invention; FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the hold down bar of the present invention; as shown in the figures, the accurate positioning device for the fracture surgery in the embodiment comprises a handle 1, a telescopic compression head 2 which is fixed at the front end of the handle 1 and is internally provided with a guide through hole, and a positioning hook 3 which is wrapped at the fracture part; one end of the positioning hook 3 is fixed at the front end of the handle 1, and the other end of the positioning hook is matched with the telescopic pressing head 2 to realize the clamping, fixing, puncture and positioning of the fracture part; the positioning hook 3 is an adjustable positioning hook 3 with adjustable size; the distance between the telescopic pressing head 2 and the tail end of the positioning hook 3 is adjusted through telescopic control by the telescopic pressing head 2, so that the tail ends of the telescopic pressing head 2 and the positioning hook 3 are clamped on two sides of a joint fracture part, clamping and fixing of the fracture part are realized, meanwhile, the tail end of the positioning hook 3 is positioned on the axis of the guide through hole, puncture positioning is realized, the guide through hole can be used for a Kirschner wire to pass through, and a hollow screw is conveniently placed in the later period; the flexible head 2 that compresses tightly is located same straight line with 3 ends of location crotch, it is adjustable through being provided with the size with location crotch 3, make this accurate positioning device be applicable to not unidimensional fracture portion, extensive applicability, for example elbow joint or knee joint fracture, and, adjust location crotch 3 size according to the fracture particular case, do benefit to location crotch 3 and fracture part and realize three point contact, it is rotatory to avoid fixing back of location crotch 3, effectively improve the fixed stability of fracture part simultaneously, it is high to guarantee the fixed precision of fracture department, do benefit to the quick accurate fracture department of drilling into of hollow screw, avoid unnecessary bone puncture trial-and-error, reduce the operation degree of difficulty, accelerate the postoperative rehabilitation.

In this embodiment, the positioning hook 3 is approximately isosceles trapezoid and comprises a left telescopic rod 31, a right telescopic rod 32 and a bottom telescopic rod 33, the upper end of the left telescopic rod 31 is fixed to the front end of the handle 1, and the upper end of the right telescopic rod 32 is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped tail section hook 34 matched with the telescopic pressing head 2; the included angle between the left telescopic rod 31 and the bottom telescopic rod 33 and the included angle between the right telescopic rod 32 and the bottom telescopic rod 33 are both preferably 120 degrees; the arc-shaped tail section hook 34 subtends a central angle of 120 deg., and the end of the arc-shaped tail section hook 34 is a sharp end.

In this embodiment, the left telescopic rod 31 and the right telescopic rod 32 and the bottom telescopic rod 33 are connected and fixed through an arc-shaped connecting section 35; through the reasonable setting of the arc length of the arc connecting section 35 and the original length of each telescopic rod, the positioning hook 3 is beneficial to forming an approximate arc-shaped structure, and the shape-adapting outer wrapping is more suitable for the fracture.

In this embodiment, each of the left telescopic rod 31, the right telescopic rod 32 and the bottom telescopic rod 33 includes a fixed sleeve 41, a sliding rod 42 slidably sleeved in the fixed sleeve 41, and a locking mechanism fixed to the fixed sleeve 41 for locking the sliding rod 42; the locking mechanism comprises a locking pin hole arranged on the side wall of the fixed sleeve 41, a locking pin 43 arranged in the locking pin hole in a sliding manner, a locking groove 44 arranged on the surface of the sliding rod 42 and matched with the locking pin in an inserting manner, and a locking ring 45 used for pressing the locking pin tightly; the locking ring 45 is sleeved on the fixing sleeve 41 in a sliding mode and compresses the locking pin along the axial direction of the locking pin hole to enable the locking pin to be inserted into the locking pin hole; the locking device further comprises a positioning ring 46 fixedly sleeved on the fixing sleeve 41 and a tension spring 47 connected between the positioning ring 46 and a locking ring 45, wherein the locking pin hole is located at the edge of the positioning ring 46, the edge of the locking ring 45 protrudes to form a pressure tongue 48, the locking ring 45 is pressed against the positioning ring 46 under the driving of the tension spring 47, the pressure tongue 48 is inserted into the locking pin hole along the radial direction of the locking pin hole, the pressure tongue 48 is enabled to press the locking pin along the axial direction of the locking pin hole, and the locking pin is provided with a pre-tightening force outwards along the axial direction; the locking grooves 44 are circular grooves, and a plurality of locking grooves 44 are arranged in parallel and partially overlapped along the length direction of the sliding rod 42; the sections of the fixed sleeve 41 and the sliding rod 42 are both rectangular; the arc of the lock pin hole is more than half positioned on the positioning ring 46, the side wall of the lock pin hole is provided with a guide groove 49b along the axial direction, the side wall of the lock pin is fixedly provided with a guide strip 49a, the guide strip 49a is embedded into the guide groove 49b, the upper end of the guide groove 49b is closed and used for limiting the lock pin to withdraw from the top end of the lock pin hole, the outward pre-tightening force of the lock pin can be magnetic force, the lock pin is prepared from a permanent magnet, the top end face of the lock pin hole is covered with an iron sheet, other materials are non-magnetic-conductive stainless steel, such as 304 steel, and the lock pin generates the pre; the front end of the pressure tongue 48 is provided with an inclined surface, when the lock pin protrudes out of the lock pin hole, the pressure tongue 48 presses down the lock pin through the inclined surface when sliding, and the lower end of the lock pin is embedded into the locking groove 44 to realize the locking of the slide rod 42; the cross sections of the positioning ring 46 and the locking ring 45 are both provided with spring mounting holes, two ends of a tension spring 47 are respectively fixed in the spring mounting holes of the positioning ring 46 and the locking ring 45, in a normal state, the positioning ring 46 and the locking ring 45 are in close contact under the action of the tension spring 47, the lock pin is embedded into the locking groove 44 under the action of the press tongue 48, when the extending length of the slide bar 42 needs to be adjusted, the locking ring 45 is shifted backwards by only one hand to enable the press tongue 48 to be far away from the lock pin, the lock pin exits from the locking groove 44 under the action of pretightening force, the slide bar 42 can be slid to realize length adjustment, the locking groove 44 is arranged into a plurality of grooves and is partially overlapped and arranged in parallel along the length direction of the slide bar 42, so that the precision of the length adjustment of the telescopic bar is improved, of course, the side surface of the slide bar 42 is provided with scale lines for, The stretching amount of the right telescopic rod is adjusted each time is synchronous), a third scale mark is arranged on the side face of the sliding rod of the bottom telescopic rod, the first scale mark and the second scale mark are positioned on the opposite side faces of the sliding rod, the reading of the first scale mark is used for displaying the depth of a hook, the reading of the second scale mark and the reading of the third scale mark are used for displaying the width of the opening at the top of a positioning hook (except for an arc tail section hook), and the length of the arc tail section hook along the width direction of the opening of the positioning hook is a fixed value d; the reading of the telescopic rod refers to the opposite value of the end face of the outlet of the fixed sleeve and the scale mark on the corresponding slide bar, and the length of the telescopic rod is convenient to adjust.

In this embodiment, the telescopic pressing head 2 includes an outer sleeve 21 fixed at the front end of the handle 1, a pressing rod 22 slidably sleeved at the front end of the outer sleeve 21 along an axial direction with a single degree of freedom, and a driving threaded pipe 23 threadedly sleeved at the rear end of the outer sleeve 21 and used for driving the pressing rod 22 axially, and a guide through hole 24 is formed in the pressing rod 22; the side wall of the outer sleeve 21 is welded and fixed with the handle 1, the tail end of the positioning hook 3 is positioned on the axis of the outer sleeve 21, the front section of the pressing rod 22 penetrates out of the outer sleeve 21, a limiting strip-shaped groove 21a is axially formed in the inner wall of the outer sleeve 21, a limiting block 22a is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the pressing rod 22, the limiting block 22a is embedded into the limiting strip-shaped groove 21a in a fitting manner, the front end of the limiting strip-shaped groove 21a is a closed end, and the pressing rod 22 is prevented from being released from the front end of; the rear end of the driving threaded pipe 23 is exposed out of the rear end of the outer sleeve 21 and is provided with a knob 25, the driving threaded pipe 23 is driven to move axially by rotating the knob 25, the pressing rod 22 is driven to move, fastening and pressing are realized, the pressing rod 22 cannot rotate, and rapid and stable clamping is effectively guaranteed; and the side that compresses tightly the pole is provided with the fourth scale mark for show the relative outer tube of the length that stretches out of compressing tightly the pole, consequently, this accurate positioning device still can calculate centre gripping width L, and L is the reading of second scale mark + the reading of third scale mark-fourth scale mark reading-d (the length of arc tail section hook along location crotch opening width direction), is convenient for select suitable cannulated screw length.

In this embodiment, the edge of the front end surface of the pressing rod 22 is provided with a plurality of fixing teeth 26 distributed along the circumferential direction, the guide through hole 24 includes a plurality of guide channels with different radiuses or the pressing rods are multiple, and the radiuses of the guide through holes of the pressing rods are different, so that kirschner pins with different sizes can conveniently fit and pass through the guide through holes, of course, a plurality of pressing rods can be provided, a guide through hole with a certain size is arranged in the middle of each pressing rod, the radiuses of the guide through holes of the different pressing rods are different, and one pressing rod is reasonably selected to be installed and used according to requirements; as shown in the figure, the fixing teeth 26 are beneficial to improving the clamping stability of uneven bone surfaces, and the inlet of the guide channel can be provided with a chamfer so as to facilitate the penetration of a Kirschner wire or a hollow screw.

In this embodiment, the handle 1 includes a straight-bar handle having a handle at the bottom, and the upper end of the straight-bar handle is fixed to the outer sleeve 21 and forms an included angle of 135 ° with the outer sleeve.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an accurate positioner of fracture operation which characterized in that: comprises a handle, a telescopic pressing head which is fixed at the front end of the handle and is internally provided with a guide through hole, and a positioning hook which is wrapped at the fracture part; one end of the positioning hook is fixed at the front end of the handle, and the other end of the positioning hook is matched with the telescopic pressing head to realize the clamping, fixing, puncturing and positioning of the fracture part; the positioning hook is an adjustable positioning hook with adjustable size.

2. A fracture surgical pinpointing device as in claim 1, wherein: the location crotch is approximate isosceles trapezoid and includes left telescopic link, right telescopic link and end telescopic link, the upper end and the handle front end of left side telescopic link are fixed, and the upper end of right telescopic link is fixed be provided with flexible collet complex arc tail section hook.

3. A fracture surgical pinpointing device as in claim 2, wherein: and the left telescopic rod and the right telescopic rod and the bottom telescopic rod are fixedly connected through an arc-shaped connecting section.

4. A fracture surgical pinpointing device as in claim 2, wherein: the left telescopic rod, the right telescopic rod and the bottom telescopic rod respectively comprise a fixed sleeve, a sliding inner sleeve, a sliding rod and a locking mechanism, wherein the sliding rod is sleeved in the fixed sleeve in a sliding mode, and the locking mechanism is fixed on the fixed sleeve and used for locking the sliding rod.

5. A fracture surgical pinpointing device of claim 4, characterized by: the locking mechanism comprises a locking pin hole arranged on the side wall of the fixed sleeve, a locking pin arranged in the locking pin hole in a sliding manner, a locking groove arranged on the surface of the sliding rod and matched with the locking pin in an inserting manner, and a locking ring used for compressing the locking pin; the locking ring is sleeved on the fixed sleeve in a sliding mode and compresses the locking pin along the axial direction of the locking pin hole to enable the locking pin to be inserted into the locking pin hole.

6. A fracture surgical pinpointing device of claim 5, characterized by: the locking device is characterized by further comprising a positioning ring fixedly sleeved on the fixing sleeve and a tension spring connected between the positioning ring and the locking ring, the locking pin hole is located at the edge of the positioning ring, a pressing tongue is formed by protruding the edge of the locking ring, the locking ring is pressed on the positioning ring under the driving of the tension spring, the pressing tongue is made to be radially inserted into the locking pin hole along the locking pin hole, the pressing tongue is made to press the locking pin along the axial direction of the locking pin hole, and pre-tightening force is outwards arranged on the locking pin along the.

7. A fracture surgical pinpointing device of claim 5, characterized by: the locking grooves are circular grooves, and a plurality of locking grooves are partially overlapped and arranged in parallel along the length direction of the sliding rod; the sections of the fixed sleeve and the slide bar are rectangular.

8. A fracture surgical pinpointing device as in claim 1, wherein: the telescopic pressing head comprises an outer sleeve fixed at the front end of the handle, a pressing rod sleeved at the front end of the outer sleeve in a sliding mode along the axial direction with a single degree of freedom, and a driving threaded pipe sleeved at the rear end of the outer sleeve in a threaded mode and used for driving the pressing rod in the axial direction, and a guide through hole is formed in the pressing rod.

9. A fracture surgical pinpointing device as in claim 8, wherein: the edge of the front end face of the pressing rod is provided with a plurality of fixing teeth distributed along the circumferential direction, and the guide through hole comprises a plurality of guide channels with different radiuses or the pressing rod is a plurality of guide through holes with different radiuses.

10. A fracture surgical pinpointing device as in claim 9, wherein: the side faces of the sliding rods on the left telescopic rod and the right telescopic rod are provided with a first scale mark and a second scale mark, the side face of the sliding rod of the bottom telescopic rod is provided with a third scale mark, the first scale mark is used for displaying the depth of the hook, and the second scale mark and the third scale mark are used for displaying the width of the opening at the top of the positioning hook; and a fourth scale mark is arranged on the side surface of the pressing rod and used for displaying the extending length of the pressing rod relative to the outer sleeve.

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