CN113092552A - Method for constructing lactose fuel cell by CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode - Google Patents

Method for constructing lactose fuel cell by CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode Download PDF

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CN113092552A
CN113092552A CN201911338236.5A CN201911338236A CN113092552A CN 113092552 A CN113092552 A CN 113092552A CN 201911338236 A CN201911338236 A CN 201911338236A CN 113092552 A CN113092552 A CN 113092552A
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electrode
lactose
mfc
cuo
ninps
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CN113092552B (en
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孙晶
曹厚勇
郎明非
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Dalian University
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    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/308—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells at least partially made of carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • G01N27/416—Systems
    • G01N27/48—Systems using polarography, i.e. measuring changes in current under a slowly-varying voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
    • H01M4/8657—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites layered
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M4/9083—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
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Abstract

A method for constructing a lactose fuel cell by a CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode belongs to the field of fuel cells. The fuel cell constructed to solve the technical problems of the present invention is as follows: a CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode is used as a working electrode, an Ag/AgCl electrode is used as a reference electrode, a platinum wire is used as an auxiliary electrode to form a three-electrode system, the three-electrode system is placed in a lactose solution and a supporting electrolyte, the set potential is-0.2-1.2V, a cyclic voltammetry curve of 10mmol/L lactose with the scanning speed range of 20-100 mV/S is recorded, and the control process of the electrode electrocatalytic oxidation of the lactose solution is analyzed by using a standard curve method. The invention utilizes the good conductivity of MFC to prepare an electrode with high sensitivity to lactose, and the electrode has the advantages of good catalytic effect, high sensitivity, good selectivity, stable structure and the like when the lactose is used as a base solution.

Description

Method for constructing lactose fuel cell by CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a lactose fuel cell by a CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode.
Background
In the 21 st century, human beings are confronted with the constant addition ofSevere environmental pollution problems and energy crisis. In one aspect, a large amount of harmful gases, including NO, released by burning fossil fuelsX、SOXAnd various inhalable particles, which cause great damage to the environment and cause concern to the survival condition of people. On the other hand, the development of human economy and society is hindered by the problems of the steep increase of the exploitation amount of fossil fuels, the decline of reserves, the increase of the difficulty of the exploitation and the like. This has led to a schedule for efficient, clean alternative energy research. In order to reduce the dependence on fossil energy and improve the quality of life, people need to develop and utilize renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, hydraulic energy, geothermal energy, biological energy and the like according to local conditions. On the other hand, the utilization efficiency of the existing energy sources is improved, and the efficiency is improved. Therefore, the demand for energy can be reduced under the condition of not reducing the quality of life, and the emission of pollutants is reduced. And a fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidant into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. The fuel cell has many advantages, because it is not limited by carnot cycle, compared with the traditional energy conversion system, the energy conversion efficiency is high, the energy conversion rate can reach 80 percent at most, and the fuel cell technology is one of the chemical power generation technologies with the highest energy conversion rate at present. It generally uses hydrogen as fuel, oxygen as oxidant and water as product, so that it has less environmental pollution. Because different types of fuel cells are applied to different occasions, the fuel cells have wide application. Based on this, a large number of researchers in the world are currently engaged in the research of direct sugar fuel cells represented by glucose. Therefore, the preparation of fuel cell anodes with higher catalytic activity and stronger stability is the key to accelerate the industrialization of fuel cells. At the present stage, biological enzymes are commonly used for the oxidation of glucose to produce fuel cell anodes with better oxidation activity. However, the enzyme cannot survive in a strongly acidic or strongly alkaline environment due to insufficient tolerance, and also cannot provide a stable current, thereby limiting its application to fuel cells.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a method for constructing the lactose fuel cell by using the CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode, and the fuel cell can provide stable current, has strong environment-adapting capability and lower manufacturing cost.
The fuel cell constructed to solve the technical problems of the present invention is as follows: a CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode is used as a working electrode, an Ag/AgCl electrode is used as a reference electrode, a platinum wire is used as an auxiliary electrode to form a three-electrode system, the three-electrode system is placed in a lactose solution and a supporting electrolyte, the set potential is-0.2-1.2V, a cyclic voltammetry curve of 10mmol/L lactose with the scanning speed range of 20-100 mV/S is recorded, and the control process of the electrode electrocatalytic oxidation of the lactose solution is analyzed by using a standard curve method.
Further, the supporting electrolyte is 1mol/LKOH, and the pH is 14.
Further, the CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode includes: mesoporous Foam Carbon (MFC) is used as a substrate and a conducting layer, and nano nickel-copper oxide particles are used as an electrochemical deposition layer and are deposited on the MFC.
The principle is as follows: the CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode is characterized in that nano nickel is firstly deposited on mesoporous foam carbon (the pore diameter of a mesoporous is 2-50 nanometers, the mesoporous foam carbon has a huge specific surface area and a three-dimensional pore structure and has good conductivity), copper oxide is electrodeposited on the nano nickel, a large number of nano nickel particles can be deposited due to the huge specific surface area of the mesoporous foam carbon, the area of the copper oxide attached to the nano nickel is increased, the contact area of the copper oxide on lactose is enlarged, the electrode has high sensitivity on the lactose, and high current is realized during catalysis, so that the power of a battery is greatly improved. The CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode can provide stable current and has strong environmental adaptability by matching with lactose solution, no noble metal, extremely low manufacturing cost and contribution to large-area commercialization.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention develops a non-enzymatic fuel cell anode, and combines the advantages of nano materials to obtain a fuel cell anode with higher catalytic activity and stability. Among the fuel cells, the saccharide fuel cell uses cheap and easily available saccharide as fuel, and the fuel is liquid at normal temperature and pressure, and has the advantages of safety, reliability, high energy density, low operating temperature, no electrolyte corrosion, and the like compared with other fuel cells. The lactose is wide in source and is renewable energy, and the manufactured fuel cell is small in size, convenient in fuel utilization, clean and environment-friendly. Therefore, the research on the saccharide fuel cell has great application potential.
(2) The invention utilizes the good conductivity of MFC to prepare an electrode with high sensitivity to lactose, and the electrode has the advantages of good catalytic effect, high sensitivity, good selectivity, stable structure and the like when the lactose is used as a base solution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a surface topography diagram of a MFC-based nano nickel-copper oxide composite electrode.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of cyclic voltammograms of a lactose solution versus a blank solution.
FIG. 3 is a plot of cyclic voltammograms of different sweep rates of lactose solution.
FIG. 4 is a standard curve of lactose at different sweep rates.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the anti-poisoning curve of the CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments in any way. In the examples, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods are all conventional methods; unless otherwise indicated, the experimental reagents and materials were commercially available.
The preparation method of the CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode of the following example is as follows:
and taking an MFC for later use, washing the MFC with deionized water, and drying the MFC with nitrogen. The electrode preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) a three-electrode system is adopted, a cleaned MFC electrode is used as a working electrode, an Ag/AgCl electrode and a platinum wire electrode are used as reference electrodes and a counter electrode, and the MFC is placed in an electrolytic cell filled with nickel sulfate (0.02M) and sodium sulfate (0.1M) solution. Setting electrodeposition parameters of an electrochemical workstation by adopting a potentiostatic method: voltage-1.0V, time 300 s.
(2) Using a three-electrode system, nanostructured Ni/MFC was immersed in a mixture of copper sulfate (0.02M) and sulfuric acid (0.05M), using a platinum electrode as the counter electrode and Ag/Ag Cl as the reference electrode. Setting electrodeposition parameters of an electrochemical workstation by adopting an alternating current voltammetry method: initial potential-0.5V, end potential-0.15V, potential increment 0.004V, frequency 200HZ and sampling period 10S.
Based on the MFC/nano nickel-copper oxide composite electrode surface topography as shown in figure 1, the nano particles on the electrode are uniform in size and distribution, and the electrocatalytic performance is particularly outstanding.
Example 1 comparison of Cyclic voltammograms of lactose solution and blank solution
Firstly, placing a three-electrode system in a KOH solution with the pH of 14 and the concentration of 1mol/L, scanning within a potential range of-0.2-1.2V by using a cyclic voltammetry method, and recording a cyclic voltammetry curve of a blank solution; then, the three-electrode system is placed in 10mmol/L lactose solution to be detected containing 1mol/L KOH solution with pH of 14 as supporting electrolyte, and scanning is carried out in a potential range of-0.2-1.2V by using cyclic voltammetry, and the cyclic voltammetry curve of the lactose is recorded. As shown in fig. 2: the catalytic effect of the CuO-Ni electrode at 10mmol/L lactose was tested at a scan rate of 100 mV/s. It can be seen from the figure that CuO-Ni electrode is excellent in catalytic activity to lactose. The fuel composed of the CuO-Ni electrode can efficiently convert the biological energy into the electric energy.
Example 2 cyclic voltammetry response of CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode on lactose of the same concentration at different sweep rates A three-electrode system was sequentially placed in a lactose test solution of 10mm containing 1mol/L KOH solution with pH 14 as supporting electrolyte, and the lactose solutions at different sweep rates were tested at the same concentration with sweep rates of 20mV/s, 40m V/s, 60m V/s, 80mV/s, and 100m V/s, and were scanned at a potential range of-0.2 to 1.2V using cyclic voltammetry. Cyclic voltammograms of lactose at different sweep rates were recorded at the same concentration. As shown in the attached figures 3 and 4: as can be seen from the figure, with the continuous increase of the sweep rate, the oxidation current of the nano electrode in the lactose solution is also continuously increased, the oxidation peak is also continuously increased, and a good linear response for catalyzing lactose is presented, so that the CuO-Ni electrode can be proved to be used for catalyzing lactose to be diffusion control.
EXAMPLE 3 determination of the antitoxic Capacity of the electrode
First, the three-electrode system was placed in a 10mm lactose test solution containing 1mol/L KOH solution with pH 14 as a supporting electrolyte, and the time-current curve of lactose was recorded by the time-current method at a potential of 0.7V. However, as shown in fig. 5, the current density drops sharply at the beginning. At the beginning of the reaction, it is a fast kinetic reaction, so the active site does not contain adsorbed lactose molecules. The adsorption of new lactose molecules then depends on the release of electrocatalytic sites by lactose oxidation, or on the occupation of electrode catalytically active sites by intermediate species such as CO, CHx, etc. formed during the first few minutes (rate determining step). Therefore, the slight decrease in current density is mainly due to the poisoning of the catalyst. Furthermore, the specific current experienced a rapid drop during the first 300 seconds throughout the test and was still a smooth and gentle change after the end of the test, with a decay of about 5%. Therefore, the electrode has strong anti-poisoning capacity and stable structure.
The above description is only for the purpose of creating a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for constructing a lactose fuel cell by using a CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode is characterized in that the CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode is used as a working electrode, an Ag/AgCl electrode is used as a reference electrode, a platinum wire is used as an auxiliary electrode to form a three-electrode system, the three-electrode system is placed in a lactose solution and a supporting electrolyte, the set potential is-0.2-1.2V, a cyclic voltammetry curve of 10mmol/L lactose with the scanning speed range of 20-100 mV/S is recorded, and the control process of the electrode electrocatalytic oxidation of the lactose solution is analyzed by using a standard curve method.
2. The method of claim of constructing a lactose fuel cell with a CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode, wherein the supporting electrolyte is 1mol/LKOH and pH is 14.
3. The method of constructing a lactose fuel cell using a CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode as recited in claim, wherein the CuO-NiNPs/MFC electrode comprises: the mesoporous foam carbon MFC is used as a substrate and a conducting layer, the nano nickel-copper oxide particles are used as an electrochemical deposition layer, and the nano nickel-copper oxide particles are deposited on the MFC.
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CN101170137A (en) * 2007-11-21 2008-04-30 清华大学 Medium hole carbon pole of dye sensitized solar battery and its making method
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