CN113092247A - Ceramic prestress loading device and mounting method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic prestress loading device and mounting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113092247A CN113092247A CN202110232824.1A CN202110232824A CN113092247A CN 113092247 A CN113092247 A CN 113092247A CN 202110232824 A CN202110232824 A CN 202110232824A CN 113092247 A CN113092247 A CN 113092247A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- ORKBYCQJWQBPFG-WOMZHKBXSA-N (8r,9s,10r,13s,14s,17r)-13-ethyl-17-ethynyl-17-hydroxy-1,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one;(8r,9s,13s,14s,17r)-17-ethynyl-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1.O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 ORKBYCQJWQBPFG-WOMZHKBXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010725 compressor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010710 diesel engine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
Abstract
The invention discloses a ceramic prestress loading device and an installation method thereof, and the ceramic prestress loading device comprises a prestress loading part, a cushion block, a constraint frame, a ceramic block and a plurality of positioning blocks, wherein the cushion block, the ceramic block and the positioning blocks are positioned in the constraint frame, the ceramic block is surrounded by the positioning blocks, the prestress loading part can apply stress to the positioning blocks through the cushion block, and the positioning blocks can apply stress to the ceramic block, so that the internal stress of the ceramic block is uniformly distributed. The device has simple structure, convenient use and easy adjustment of prestress, can apply prestress to the ceramic to a certain degree, reduces the generation of cracks of the ceramic under the action of high-speed impact, and effectively improves the penetration resistance of the ceramic armor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of prestress loading, and particularly relates to a ceramic prestress loading device and an installation method thereof.
Background
The application of the characteristics of low density, high hardness, high compressive strength and the like of the ceramic can effectively reduce the weight of the armor and improve the bullet resistance of the armor. Ceramic, as a brittle material, has the disadvantage of being susceptible to fracture during penetration of the projectile. The bulletproof performance of the ceramic armor can be fully exerted only by keeping the integrity and reducing the capacity expansion. Research shows that when the prestressed ceramic is broken by high-speed impact, the ceramic is still pressed tightly, and the expansion phenomenon does not occur only in cracks. As the projectile continues to penetrate the ceramic, it is necessary for the projectile to extrude the broken ceramic particles in the reverse direction of penetration to advance. The projectile body is also pushed by radial flow in the crushing area, and a large resistance is generated in the ceramic penetration area, so that energy dissipation mechanisms such as friction between the projectile targets play a role. Prestressing of the ceramic by the constraining means is an important physical means of inhibiting crack initiation and propagation within the target body. The method for applying prestress by scholars at home and abroad is divided into two types: one is to prestress the ceramic by mechanical means; the other is to prestress the inside of the ceramic by means of cold shrinkage. The existing ceramic prestress mechanical loading device is complex in structure, and the improvement of penetration resistance of ceramic prestress on a ceramic armor cannot be quantitatively researched. The prestress cold-shrinkage loading mode of the ceramic is to utilize the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the metal and the ceramic, and the application of the prestress of the ceramic is realized by the cooperation of the thermal expansion and the cold shrinkage of the metal and the ceramic. The loading mode has complex process and higher requirement on equipment, and is not suitable for ballistic experiment research of prestressed ceramics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ceramic prestress loading device which is simple in structure, convenient to use and easy to adjust and an installation method thereof, and the ceramic prestress loading device can apply prestress to ceramic to a certain degree, reduce the generation of cracks of the ceramic under the action of high-speed impact and effectively improve the penetration resistance of a ceramic armor.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a loading device of ceramic prestress comprises a prestress loading part, a cushion block, a restraining frame, a ceramic block and a plurality of positioning blocks,
the cushion block, the ceramic block and the positioning blocks are located in the restraint frame, the ceramic block is surrounded by the positioning blocks, the prestress loading part can apply stress to the positioning blocks through the cushion block, and the positioning blocks can apply stress to the ceramic block, so that the internal stress of the ceramic block is uniformly distributed.
Further, the prestress loading part is a bolt or a screw.
Furthermore, the number of the positioning blocks is four, the shape of the ceramic block is square or rhombic, and the four positioning blocks are respectively positioned outside the four sides of the ceramic block.
Furthermore, the cushion block is positioned at the tops of the four positioning blocks, one diagonal line of the ceramic block is perpendicular to the cushion block, and each corner of the ceramic block is positioned between the two positioning blocks.
Further, the positioning block is a steel block.
Furthermore, lubricating oil is smeared between the ceramic block and the positioning block.
Furthermore, the thickness of the positioning block and the thickness of the restraint frame are more than or equal to 5mm, and the hardness HRC is more than or equal to 36.
The mounting method of the loading device of the ceramic prestress comprises the following steps:
firstly, coating lubricating oil on the screw thread of the prestress loading part and the contact surface of the positioning block and the constraint frame, and screwing the prestress loading part into the constraint frame to enable the cushion block and the positioning block to move freely; then, placing the ceramic blocks in the middles of the positioning blocks, and placing the cushion blocks above the positioning blocks; and finally, rotating the prestress loading part until the prestress loading part applies preset pressure to the steel cushion block.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the adopted constraint structure can apply larger prestress (0-400 MPa) to the armor ceramic, improve the toughness of the ceramic and achieve the purpose of reducing the penetration depth of the projectile body;
(2) according to the invention, the application of ceramic prestress is realized in a mechanical mode, and the device can effectively realize the application of ceramic biaxial prestress, so that the stress in the ceramic is uniformly distributed;
(3) the invention applies prestress by adopting a mode of applying pressure by the bolt, and conveniently changes the magnitude of the prestress in the ceramic by controlling the screwing distance of the bolt;
(4) the invention can ensure that the interior of the target body has larger penetration resistance, shorten the penetration time and effectively improve the penetration resistance of armor ceramics;
(5) the invention has the advantages of simple structure, larger loading force, low cost, good cost-effectiveness ratio and convenient operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading device for ceramic pre-stress.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
A loading device of ceramic prestress comprises a prestress loading part 1, a cushion block 2, a restraint frame 3, a ceramic block 4 and a plurality of positioning blocks 5,
Preferably, the prestress loading part 1 is a bolt or a screw.
Preferably, the number of the positioning blocks 5 is four, the shape of the ceramic block 4 is a square or a diamond, and the four positioning blocks 5 are respectively located outside four sides of the ceramic block 4.
Preferably, the spacer block 2 is located on top of four positioning blocks 5, one diagonal of the ceramic block 4 is perpendicular to the spacer block 2, and each corner of the ceramic block 4 is located between two positioning blocks 5.
Preferably, the positioning block 5 is a steel block.
Preferably, lubricating oil is coated between the ceramic block 4 and the positioning block 5, and the lubricating oil can be aviation lubricating oil, diesel engine oil, air compressor oil, heat setting machine lubricating oil, bearing oil, worm gear oil, axle oil, common vehicle gear oil, No. 13 mechanical oil, guide rail oil and the like.
Preferably, the thickness of the positioning block 5 and the restraint frame 3 is more than or equal to 5mm, the hardness HRC is more than or equal to 36, and the surface roughness of the four circumferential surfaces of the ceramic block must be small (the surface roughness R)aLess than or equal to 6.3) and good verticality.
The mounting method of the loading device of the ceramic prestress comprises the following steps:
firstly, coating lubricating oil on the screw thread of a prestress loading part 1 and the contact surface of a positioning block 5 and a constraint frame 3, and rotating the prestress loading part 1 into the constraint frame 3 to enable a cushion block 2 and the positioning block 5 to move freely; then, placing the ceramic blocks 4 in the middle of a plurality of positioning blocks 5, and placing the cushion blocks 2 above the positioning blocks 5; and finally, rotating the prestress loading part 1 until the prestress loading part 1 applies a preset pressure to the steel cushion block 2.
The screw thread screwing-in is realized through a special spanner, a group of sliding blocks at the upper end of the device moves downwards along with the descending of the bolt, and the sliding blocks at the lower end of the device act together to apply four square pressures to the square ceramic block, so that the uniform loading process of the double-shaft stress is realized, and the internal stress of the ceramic is uniformly distributed. When the projectile body impacts the ceramic block, the internal cracks of the ceramic can be reduced by the prestress loading device, the resistance is increased, the abrasion of the projectile body is accelerated, the projectile body is decelerated, and the penetration resistance is improved.
The novel ceramic prestress loading device can ensure effective application and accurate measurement of prestress and is suitable for experimental study of the ballistic performance of prestressed ceramic. The novel ceramic prestress loading device is realized in a mechanical loading mode, and four movable steel blocks are adopted to apply prestress to square ceramic. The ceramic prestress loading device can apply prestress in a certain range and can be used for experimental study of the ballistic performance of prestressed ceramic. The device is characterized in that the prestress of the square ceramic block can be quantitatively described by applying the prestress of the square ceramic block by pressing four movable steel blocks through the bolts, the structure is simple, and the device is suitable for experimental research of prestressed ceramics. In the experiment of the penetration of the projectile into the prestressed ceramic target, the application of the prestress can effectively improve the internal stress of the ceramic, reduce the generation of cracks, improve the internal resistance of the target body, weaken the penetration capability of the projectile, achieve the purposes of reducing the penetration depth and improving the penetration resistance capability of the ceramic target body. By adopting the device, the hydrostatic pressure of 200MPa can be maximally generated in the ceramic, and compared with the ceramic without prestress through experimental comparison, the ceramic with prestress in the same size can maximally reduce the penetration depth by 6 percent and reduce the residual length of the elastomer by 88 percent.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A loading device of ceramic prestress is characterized in that: comprises a prestress loading part (1), a cushion block (2), a constraint frame (3), a ceramic block (4) and a plurality of positioning blocks (5),
cushion (2), ceramic block (4) and a plurality of locating piece (5) are located restraint frame (3), ceramic block (4) are surrounded by a plurality of locating pieces (5), prestressing force loading unit (1) can be through cushion (2) to a plurality of locating pieces (5) stress application, and a plurality of locating pieces (5) can be to ceramic block (4) stress application for ceramic block (4) internal stress evenly distributed.
2. The ceramic pre-stressed loading device of claim 1, wherein: the prestress loading part (1) is a bolt or a screw.
3. The ceramic pre-stressed loading device of claim 2, wherein: the number of the positioning blocks (5) is four, the shape of the ceramic block (4) is square or rhombic, and the four positioning blocks (5) are respectively positioned outside the four sides of the ceramic block (4).
4. The ceramic pre-stressed loading device of claim 3, wherein: the cushion block (2) is located at the tops of the four positioning blocks (5), one diagonal line of the ceramic block (4) is perpendicular to the cushion block (2), and each corner of the ceramic block (4) is located between the two positioning blocks (5).
5. The ceramic pre-stressed loading device of claim 4, wherein: the positioning block (5) is a steel block.
6. The ceramic pre-stressed loading device of claim 4, wherein: lubricating oil is coated between the ceramic block (4) and the positioning block (5).
7. The ceramic pre-stressed loading device of claim 4, wherein: the thickness of the positioning block (5) and the thickness of the restraint frame (3) are more than or equal to 5mm, and the hardness HRC is more than or equal to 36.
8. The method for mounting a ceramic pre-stressed loading unit according to claims 4-7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
firstly, coating lubricating oil on the thread of the prestress loading part (1) and the contact surface of the positioning block (5) and the restraint frame (3), and screwing the prestress loading part (1) into the restraint frame (3) to enable the cushion block (2) and the positioning block (5) to be capable of freely moving; then, the ceramic blocks (4) are placed in the middle of the positioning blocks (5), and the cushion blocks (2) are placed above the positioning blocks (5); and finally, rotating the prestress loading part (1) until the prestress loading part (1) applies preset pressure to the steel cushion block (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110232824.1A CN113092247A (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Ceramic prestress loading device and mounting method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110232824.1A CN113092247A (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Ceramic prestress loading device and mounting method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114810893A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Assembled prestressing force type anti penetration protective structure |
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Application publication date: 20210709 |