CN113092118A - Full-scale fan-booster stage performance test device and test method - Google Patents

Full-scale fan-booster stage performance test device and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113092118A
CN113092118A CN202110639937.3A CN202110639937A CN113092118A CN 113092118 A CN113092118 A CN 113092118A CN 202110639937 A CN202110639937 A CN 202110639937A CN 113092118 A CN113092118 A CN 113092118A
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fan
casing
turbofan engine
stage performance
full
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CN113092118B (en
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杨小贺
卫飞飞
申航
蔡宇桐
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AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
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AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04Testing internal-combustion engines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a full-scale fan-supercharging stage performance test device and a test method, wherein the full-scale fan-supercharging stage performance test device comprises an inner duct, a supercharging stage, an outer duct casing and a topping fan, and the size of the inner duct is the same as the size of a real inner duct of a turbofan engine; the size of the supercharging stage is the same as the size of the actual supercharging stage of the turbofan engine; the bypass casing is smaller in size than the actual bypass casing of the turbofan engine such that the bypass ratio of the test apparatus is smaller than the actual bypass ratio of the turbofan engine. The top of the topping fan is matched with the culvert casing. The sizes of the inner duct and the supercharging stage of the test device are the same as the size of the real part of the turbofan engine, and the duct ratio of the test device is smaller than the real duct ratio of the turbofan engine by reducing the size of the outer duct casing, so that the input power required by the test is greatly reduced, and the error caused by the correction of the reduced scale to the full scale is avoided.

Description

Full-scale fan-booster stage performance test device and test method
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of aero-engine tests, and particularly relates to a full-scale fan-booster stage performance test device.
Background
The fan-booster stage is one of the important components of a turbofan engine, and the matching of the aerodynamic design between the fan and the booster stage directly affects the overall performance of the fan-booster stage components. To verify the matching characteristics of the fan and the booster stage, a fan-booster stage performance test needs to be conducted. The bypass ratio of the advanced civil aircraft turbofan engine is about 10, namely the flow of the fan is large, so that the consumed power is large. If a full-scale fan-booster stage performance test is directly carried out (namely the sizes of the fan and the booster stage are the same as the real size), extremely high power input is required, and the test feasibility is low.
Therefore, for a large flow fan-pressure stage, to verify the matching performance of the fan-pressure stage, the fan-pressure stage generally needs to be scaled down (i.e., the sizes of the fan and the pressure stage are scaled down in proportion to the actual size), so as to reduce the power requirement for the input power. The performance of the reduced scale remains similar to that of the full scale components theoretically, but because of the reduced scale effect, there is some difference between the performance of the reduced scale fan-booster stage and the full scale fan-booster stage, for example, the blade tip clearance cannot be reduced synchronously and the reynolds number is reduced after the reduction of the scale, and the difference between the reduced scale and the full scale has a greater influence on the performance of the booster stage than the fan. Therefore, the obtained characteristic of the reduced-scale fan-pressure level introduces a certain deviation relative to the characteristic of the full-scale fan-pressure level, so that the performance of the full-scale fan-pressure level cannot be truly reflected by the reduced-scale test result. To solve this problem, a correction is generally performed to reflect the performance of the full-scale fan-booster stage on the basis of the results of the reduced-scale fan-booster stage test, and the correction has strong experience and correction errors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the performance of a fan-booster stage is difficult to accurately obtain in the prior art, and provides a full-scale performance test device for the fan-booster stage.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a full scale fan-boost stage performance testing apparatus for testing fan-boost stage performance of a turbofan engine, the full scale fan-boost stage performance testing apparatus comprising:
an inner duct having the same size as a real inner duct of the turbofan engine;
a boost stage located within the inner duct, the boost stage being the same size as a true boost stage of the turbofan engine;
a bypass casing having a size less than a size of a true bypass casing of the turbofan engine such that a bypass ratio of the test rig is less than a true bypass ratio of the turbofan engine;
the shape and the size of the topping fan are the same as those of the real fan of the turbofan engine after the top is removed, and the top of the topping fan is matched with the culvert casing.
In the scheme, the sizes of the inner duct and the supercharging stage of the test device are the same as the size of the real part of the turbofan engine, the size of the outer duct is reduced by reducing the size of the outer duct casing, so that the duct ratio of the test device is smaller than the real duct ratio of the turbofan engine, the input power required by the test is greatly reduced, and the error caused by the correction of the scale to the full scale is avoided. In addition, the fan blade culvert quality is greatly reduced, and the centrifugal force borne by the fan disc is greatly reduced, so that the test reliability is improved; the topping fan keeps the shape of the real fan lower part of the turbofan engine, the working condition of the real bypass can be simulated, and the bypass reserved can simulate the fan bypass, so that the fan bypass characteristic is not influenced, and the matching verification effect of the fan bypass and the supercharging level is further ensured. Because the fan connotation and the supercharging stage are in full-scale states, the obtained test result is closer to the real performance of the turbofan engine, and the correction error introduced by the test of a reduced scale model is avoided, so that the test result can directly support the design verification of the whole machine part.
Preferably, the contour of the bypass casing is adapted to the flow streamlines of the air flow within the turbofan engine.
In the scheme, a plurality of flow lines are selected in the turbofan engine, the flow ratio of the outer duct and the inner duct within the flow lines is the same value, the flow lines can form a boundary interface, and the inner contour of the outer duct casing of the test device is constructed to be consistent with the shape of the boundary interface, so that the flow lines of the airflow in the test device can be basically consistent with the flow lines in the turbofan engine, and the topping fan supercharging stage characteristic of the test device is close to the full-scale fan supercharging stage characteristic.
Preferably, an outlet guide vane casing is connected to the rear end of the bypass casing, and the profile of the outlet guide vane casing is matched with the airflow streamline in the turbofan engine.
In the scheme, the bypass casing and the outlet guide vane casing jointly surround the outer duct of the test device, the outlet guide vane casing is also matched with an airflow streamline in the turbofan engine, the test device can form a complete outer duct, and the real working condition of the turbofan engine can be simulated.
Preferably, the full-scale fan-booster stage performance testing device further comprises an outlet guide vane obtained by removing a top part of a real outlet guide vane of the turbofan engine, so that the top part of the outlet guide vane is matched with the outlet guide vane casing.
In the scheme, the test device is provided with the outlet guide vane, so that the performance of the test device is closer to that of a real turbofan engine, the test device is similar to a topping fan, and the shape and the size of the outlet guide vane are the same as those of the real outlet guide vane of the turbofan engine after the top is removed.
Preferably, the full-scale fan-booster stage performance testing apparatus further comprises an intermediate casing, and a space between the intermediate casing and the outlet guide vane casing constitutes a part of the bypass duct.
In the scheme, the intermediate casing and the outlet guide vane casing jointly form one part of the outer duct, and the outlet guide vane is arranged between the intermediate casing and the outlet guide vane casing.
Preferably, the full-scale fan-supercharging stage performance test device further comprises a fan disc and a fan shaft, the fan disc is connected to the fan shaft and rotates synchronously, and the root of the topping fan is fixed to the fan disc.
In this scheme, the fan axle can drive the fan dish rotatory, drives simultaneously and cuts a fan rotation.
Preferably, the full-scale fan-booster stage performance testing device further comprises a bearing support fixed relative to the culvert casing, and the fan shaft is connected with the bearing support through a bearing assembly.
In this scheme, the bearing subassembly is established to the outside cover of fan axle to be connected with bearing support piece through bearing subassembly, therefore the fan axle can be for the rotation of culvert machine casket outside. In particular, the fan shaft may have two mounting fulcrums, one bearing assembly being provided at each mounting fulcrum.
Preferably, the bypass ratio of the full-scale fan-booster stage performance test device is not less than 1.
In this scheme, the duct ratio of test device is less is favorable to reducing power, improves test device's reliability, but duct ratio undersize can make the connotation characteristic great with real connotation characteristic gap, influences experimental accuracy.
Preferably, the bypass ratio of the full-scale fan-booster stage performance testing device is not less than 1.5.
A fan-boost stage performance test method, the test method comprising: the full-scale fan-boost stage performance test apparatus as described above was used to test the tip fan-boost stage characteristics to reflect the fan-boost stage performance of a turbofan engine.
In the scheme, the characteristics of the truncated fan and the pressure boost level of the full-scale fan-pressure boost level performance test device are obtained through testing, so that the fan-pressure boost level performance of the turbofan engine with the corresponding size can be reflected, and the aim of obtaining more accurate fan-pressure boost level performance by using relatively low power is fulfilled.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: according to the full-scale fan-pressurization level performance test device, the fan is topped, a part of external culvert is reserved, and the reserved external culvert can simulate the fan external culvert, so that the fan connotation characteristic is not influenced, and the matching verification effect of the fan connotation and the pressurization level is further ensured. The fan bypass flow is greatly reduced, so that the input requirement of power is effectively reduced. Because the fan connotation and the pressurization level are in the full-scale state, the correction between the reduced scale and the full scale is avoided, the correction error is further avoided, and the test result can directly support the design verification of the whole machine part.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic internal structural diagram of a full-scale fan-booster stage performance testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2A and 2B are graphs comparing an actual fan of a turbofan engine with a truncated fan of a full-scale fan-booster stage performance testing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the turbofan engine.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing fan-boost stage performance of a turbofan engine to a truncated fan-boost stage performance of a full-scale fan-boost stage performance testing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
Outer duct 1
Inner culvert 2
Booster stage 3
Outer culvert casing 4
Topping fan 5
Outlet guide vanes 6
Outlet guide vane casing 7
Intermediary cartridge receiver 8
Fan disk 9
Fan shaft 10
Flow tube 11
Bearing support 12
Bearing assembly 13
Real fan 14
Actual outlet guide vanes 15
Flow line 16.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a full-scale fan-supercharging stage performance testing apparatus for testing fan-supercharging stage performance of a turbofan engine, the full-scale fan-supercharging stage performance testing apparatus includes an inner duct 2, a supercharging stage 3, an outer duct casing 4, and a topping fan 5, the size of the inner duct 2 is the same as the size of a real inner duct 2 of the turbofan engine; the booster stage 3 is positioned in the inner duct 2, and the size of the booster stage 3 is the same as the size of the real booster stage of the turbofan engine; the dimensions of the bypass casing 4 are smaller than the dimensions of the actual bypass casing of the turbofan engine, so that the bypass ratio of the test apparatus is smaller than the actual bypass ratio of the turbofan engine. The shape and size of the topping fan 5 are the same as those of the actual fan 14 of the turbofan engine from which the top is removed, and the top of the topping fan 5 is fitted to the culvert casing 4. It is to be understood that the name of the truncated fan 5 is not meant to limit the manufacturing process of the truncated fan 5 to that resulting from the elimination of the top by the real fan 14, and that the truncated fan 5 may also be directly machined, i.e., the machining process does not go through the step of machining the real fan 14.
The topping fan 5 maintains the shape of the lower portion of the true fan 14 of the turbofan engine and still simulates the behavior of a true bypass, as shown in fig. 2A and 2B, where the airflow streamlines 16 on the surface of the topping fan 5 substantially coincide with the airflow streamlines 16 on the surface of the true fan 14. Therefore, the retained culvert can simulate the true fan 14 culvert of the turbofan engine, so that the fan culvert characteristic is not influenced, and the matching verification effect of the fan culvert and the supercharging stage 3 is further ensured. As shown in fig. 4, it can be seen from simulation that the performance of the topping fan 5 plus boost stage of the test apparatus is very close to the performance of the fan-boost stage of the turbofan engine, so that the performance of the fan-boost stage of the turbofan engine can be reflected by using the test apparatus of this embodiment.
The sizes of the inner duct 2 and the booster stage 3 of the test device are the same as the size of a real part of the turbofan engine, the size of the outer duct 1 is reduced by reducing the size of the outer duct casing 4, the duct ratio of the test device is smaller than the real duct ratio of the turbofan engine, the input power required by the test is greatly reduced, and errors caused by correction of a scale to the full scale are avoided. In addition, the fan blade culvert quality is greatly reduced, and the centrifugal force borne by the fan disc 9 is greatly reduced, so that the test reliability is improved. Because the fan connotation and the supercharging stage 3 are in full-scale states, the obtained test result is closer to the real performance of the turbofan engine, and the correction error introduced by the test of a reduced scale model is avoided, so that the test result can directly support the design verification of the whole machine part.
The contour of the bypass casing 4 is adapted to the air flow streamlines 16 in the turbofan engine. In the turbofan engine, a plurality of flow lines 16 are selected, the flow ratio of the outer duct 1 and the inner duct 2 within the flow lines 16 is the same value, the flow lines 16 can form a boundary interface, the inner contour of the outer duct casing 4 of the test device is configured to be consistent with the shape of the boundary interface, therefore, the flow line 16 of the airflow in the test device can be basically consistent with the flow line 16 in the turbofan engine, and the topping fan supercharging stage characteristic and the full-scale fan supercharging stage characteristic of the test device are close to each other.
In addition, the front end of the bypass casing 4 is connected with a flow pipe 11, the rear end is connected with an outlet guide vane casing 7, and the outline of the outlet guide vane casing 7 is matched with an airflow streamline 16 in the turbofan engine. The bypass casing 4 and the outlet guide vane casing 7 jointly surround the bypass 1 of the test device, the outlet guide vane casing 7 is also matched with an airflow streamline 16 in the turbofan engine, and the test device can form the complete bypass 1 and simulate the real working condition of the turbofan engine.
The full-scale fan-booster stage performance test device further comprises an outlet guide vane 6, wherein the outlet guide vane 6 is obtained by removing the top of a real outlet guide vane 15 of the turbofan engine, so that the top of the outlet guide vane 6 is matched with the outlet guide vane casing 7. Because the test device is provided with the outlet guide vane 6, the performance of the test device is closer to that of a real turbofan engine, and the shape and the size of the outlet guide vane 6 are similar to those of the topping fan 5, and the shape and the size of the outlet guide vane 6 are the same as those of the real outlet guide vane 15 of the turbofan engine after the top is removed.
For example, with reference to fig. 3, in the outer duct 1 of a turbofan engine, a single flow line 16 is chosen, the ratio of the flow of the outer duct 1 to the flow of the inner duct 2 lying within this flow line 16 being 2.0, by choosing a plurality of such flow lines 16, a demarcation interface can be obtained, the flow ratio of the outer culvert 1 to the inner culvert 2 within the boundary interface is 2.0, so that the inner contours of the outer culvert casing 4 and the outlet guide vane casing 7 are consistent with the boundary interface when the outer culvert casing 4 is designed, the bypass ratio of the test apparatus to which this bypass casing 4 is applied is 2.0, and accordingly, the shapes of the tops of the truncated fans 5 and the outlet guide vanes 6 may also be adjusted according to the boundary interface (for example, the tops of the real fans 14 and the real outlet guide vanes 15 are removed according to the boundary interface, and the removed interface is slightly recessed from the boundary interface to prevent interference) so as to be able to fit the bypass casing 4 and the outlet guide vane casing 7.
The smaller the duct ratio of the test device is, the more favorable the reduction of power and the improvement of the reliability of the test device are, but the smaller the duct ratio is, the larger the difference between the connotation characteristic and the real connotation characteristic is, and the test accuracy is influenced. Preferably, the full scale fan-boost stage performance tester bypass ratio is not less than 1, for example, the full scale fan-boost stage performance tester bypass ratio may be 1.5.
The full-scale fan-booster stage performance test device further comprises an intermediate casing 8, and a space between the intermediate casing 8 and the outlet guide vane casing 7 forms a part of the outer duct 1. The intermediate casing 8 and the outlet guide vane casing 7 together form part of the bypass 1, and the outlet guide vane 6 is arranged between the intermediate casing 8 and the outlet guide vane casing 7.
The full-scale fan-supercharging stage performance test device further comprises a fan disc 9 and a fan shaft 10, wherein the fan disc 9 is connected to the fan shaft 10 and synchronously rotates, and the root of the top-cutting fan 5 is fixed on the fan disc 9. The fan shaft 10 can drive the fan disc 9 to rotate and simultaneously drive the topping fan 5 to rotate.
The full-scale fan-booster stage performance testing device further comprises a bearing support 12, the bearing support 12 is fixed relative to the culvert casing 4, and the fan shaft 10 is connected with the bearing support 12 through a bearing assembly 13. The fan shaft 10 is sleeved with a bearing assembly 13 and connected with the bearing support 12 through the bearing assembly 13, so that the fan shaft 10 can rotate relative to the culvert casing 4. Specifically, the fan shaft 10 may have two mounting fulcrums, one bearing assembly 13 being provided at each mounting fulcrum.
The embodiment also provides a fan-booster stage performance test method, which comprises the following steps: the characteristics of the topping fan 5 plus the boost stage 3 were tested using the full-scale fan-boost stage performance test apparatus as before to reflect the fan-boost stage performance of the turbofan engine. The characteristics of the topping fan 5 and the booster stage 3 of the full-scale fan-booster stage performance test device are obtained through testing, the fan-booster stage performance of the turbofan engine with the corresponding size can be reflected, and the purpose of obtaining more accurate fan-booster stage performance by using relatively low power is achieved.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A full scale fan-boost stage performance testing apparatus for testing fan-boost stage performance of a turbofan engine, the full scale fan-boost stage performance testing apparatus comprising:
an inner duct having the same size as a real inner duct of the turbofan engine;
a boost stage located within the inner duct, the boost stage being the same size as a true boost stage of the turbofan engine;
a bypass casing having a size less than a size of a true bypass casing of the turbofan engine such that a bypass ratio of the test rig is less than a true bypass ratio of the turbofan engine;
the shape and the size of the topping fan are the same as those of the real fan of the turbofan engine after the top is removed, and the top of the topping fan is matched with the culvert casing.
2. The full scale fan-booster stage performance testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a profile of the bypass casing is adapted to airflow streamlines within the turbofan engine.
3. The full scale fan-booster stage performance testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein an outlet guide vane casing is connected to a back end of the bypass casing, a profile of the outlet guide vane casing being adapted to an airflow streamline within the turbofan engine.
4. The full scale fan-booster stage performance testing apparatus of claim 3, further comprising an outlet guide vane that is a top removal for a real outlet guide vane of the turbofan engine such that the top of the outlet guide vane fits the outlet guide vane casing.
5. The full scale fan-booster stage performance testing apparatus of claim 3 or 4, further comprising an intermediate casing, the spacing between the intermediate casing and the outlet guide vane casing forming part of an outer duct of the testing apparatus.
6. The full-scale fan-booster stage performance testing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a fan disk and a fan shaft, the fan disk being coupled to the fan shaft and rotating synchronously, the root of the topping fan being secured to the fan disk.
7. The full scale fan-booster stage performance testing apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a bearing support fixed relative to the culvert casing, the fan shaft and the bearing support connected by a bearing assembly.
8. The full scale fan-boost stage performance tester of claim 1, wherein the bypass ratio of the full scale fan-boost stage performance tester is not less than 1.
9. The full scale fan-boost stage performance tester of claim 8, wherein the bypass ratio of the full scale fan-boost stage performance tester is not less than 1.5.
10. A fan-plenum stage performance test method, the test method comprising: fan-boost stage performance of a turbofan engine is tested using a full scale fan-boost stage performance testing apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 9.
CN202110639937.3A 2021-06-09 2021-06-09 Full-scale fan-booster stage performance test device and test method Active CN113092118B (en)

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