CN113092092B - Horizontal bias loading system - Google Patents
Horizontal bias loading system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113092092B CN113092092B CN202110367017.0A CN202110367017A CN113092092B CN 113092092 B CN113092092 B CN 113092092B CN 202110367017 A CN202110367017 A CN 202110367017A CN 113092092 B CN113092092 B CN 113092092B
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- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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Abstract
The invention provides a horizontal bias loading system which comprises a horizontal underframe, a loading power part and an adjusting base, wherein the horizontal underframe is of a frame structure, and the middle part of the horizontal underframe is enclosed to form a loading operation space; the loading power piece is connected to the horizontal underframe and comprises a force application part and a fixing part which are positioned in the loading operation space and are arranged oppositely, and the force application part can apply loading force to the test piece in a first preset direction; the adjusting base is arranged in the loading operation space, two ends of the adjusting base are fixedly connected with the shell of the loading power piece and located at the bottom of the loading power piece, the adjusting base is provided with a movably adjustable test piece supporting plate, the first offset can be adjusted in the second preset direction by the test piece supporting plate, and the second offset can be adjusted in the vertical direction. The horizontal bias loading system provided by the invention reduces the test error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of eccentric loading tests, and particularly relates to a horizontal bias loading system.
Background
In practical engineering, many members are in axial and eccentric compression states, determining the bearing capacity of a structural member in a bias state is an important content for structural design and research, and a test is the most direct and effective means for obtaining the stress performance of the structural member. At present, a test mode of vertically loading a test piece on a press machine in a vertical mode is mostly adopted in a bias test. During the period from the time the test piece is in place until the load is applied to the test piece, the test piece must be held by the tester so that it stands upright on the tester to prevent tipping over. Even so, also very easily cause the loss of test property because of test component and loading support topples in the whole loading process, even cause the injury to the tester. When the size of the component is large, the potential safety hazard of the loading mode is particularly prominent, particularly in the later stage of the loading of the brittle failure test piece.
In addition, when the eccentric load is carried out, the eccentricity is accurately determined, and the key for determining the success or failure of the test is to finish the alignment of the whole device. In the method adopted at present, a plurality of labors carry the test piece on the operation table of the testing machine, and the test piece is aligned while being righted, in the process, the front and back, the left and right and the up and down directions need to be considered simultaneously, and even a small test piece needs to consume a long time. When the test piece is heavy, the potential safety hazard of the operation is multiplied, and the final centering standard is also artificially controlled, so that a great error is brought to a test result.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a horizontal bias loading system, aiming at conveniently adjusting the eccentricity of a test piece in each direction in a bias loading test and preventing the test failure caused by the toppling of the test piece in the test process.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: there is provided a horizontal bias loading system comprising:
the horizontal type underframe is of a frame-shaped structure, and the middle part of the horizontal type underframe is enclosed to form a loading operation space;
the loading power part is connected to the horizontal underframe and comprises a force application part and a fixing part which are positioned in the loading operation space and are arranged oppositely, the force application part and the fixing part are used for clamping a test piece, the force application part can apply loading force to the test piece in a first preset direction, and the first preset direction is vertical to the up-down direction; and
the adjusting base is arranged in the loading operation space and is positioned at the bottom of the loading power part, the adjusting base is provided with a test piece supporting plate capable of being movably adjusted, the test piece supporting plate can adjust a first offset in a second preset direction and adjust a second offset in the vertical direction, and the second preset direction is perpendicular to the first preset direction and the vertical direction respectively;
the test piece supporting plate is used for supporting a test piece, and the force application part can apply loading force to the test piece when the first offset reaches a first preset value and the second offset reaches a second preset value.
In some embodiments, a first height adjustment assembly is disposed on the horizontal base frame, and the first height adjustment assembly includes:
the horizontal chassis is provided with a first through hole in threaded fit with the first bolt, and the first bolt is vertically arranged;
the first nut is fixedly arranged on the horizontal underframe, and the first bolt is in threaded fit with the first nut; and
the first universal wheel is connected to the bottom of the first bolt;
and the first bolt is also provided with a first weight increasing block, and the first weight increasing block is positioned between the horizontal underframe and the first universal wheel.
In some embodiments, the adjustment mount further comprises:
the force application part is provided with a shell fixed with the horizontal underframe, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the shell and is positioned at the bottom of the force application part; and
the connecting plate is connected to the fixed plate in a sliding mode along the second preset direction, and the moving distance of the connecting plate relative to the fixed plate in the second preset direction is the first offset;
the test piece supporting plate is connected to the connecting plate in a sliding mode in the vertical direction, and the moving distance of the test piece supporting plate relative to the connecting plate in the vertical direction is the second offset.
In some embodiments, the housing is clamped with a fixing block, the fixing plate is provided with a connecting hole, and the fixing block is connected with the connecting hole through a threaded connecting piece.
In some embodiments, the fixing plate is provided with first sliding blocks distributed along a second preset direction, the connecting plate is provided with first sliding grooves distributed along the second preset direction, and the first sliding grooves are in sliding fit with the first sliding blocks;
the connecting plate is provided with second sliding grooves distributed along the vertical direction, the test piece supporting plate is provided with second sliding blocks distributed along the vertical direction, and the second sliding grooves are in sliding fit with the second sliding blocks.
In some embodiments, the fixing plate and the connecting plate, and the connecting plate and the test piece supporting plate are provided with corresponding scale marks.
In some embodiments, a second height adjustment assembly is disposed on the test piece support plate, and the second height adjustment assembly includes:
the test piece supporting plate is provided with a second through hole in threaded fit with the second bolt, and the second bolt is vertically arranged;
the second nut is fixedly arranged on the test piece supporting plate, and the second bolt is in threaded fit with the second nut; and
the second universal wheel is connected to the bottom of the second bolt;
and a second weight increasing block is also arranged on the second bolt and is positioned between the test piece supporting plate and the second universal wheel.
In some embodiments, at least one extension plate is further disposed between the connection plate and the specimen support plate, and the extension plate is slidably connected to the connection plate and the specimen support plate in the vertical direction, respectively.
In some embodiments, the horizontal bias loading system further includes a test piece leveling device, the test piece leveling device includes a plurality of adjusting rods, the adjusting rods are in threaded connection with the horizontal underframe and are arranged in parallel to the second preset direction, and the adjusting rods have adjusting ends in pressing contact with the test piece, so that the center line of the test piece is parallel to the first preset direction.
In some embodiments, the force application portion has a force application end capable of extending and contracting along the first preset direction, the loading power member further includes two specimen fixing heads, the two specimen fixing heads are used for being fixed at two ends of the specimen respectively, the specimen fixing heads are provided with alignment grooves, and the force application end and the fixing portions are provided with alignment blocks respectively matched with the alignment grooves.
In the embodiment of the application, compared with the prior art, the whole horizontal bias loading system is in a horizontal loading process, when a test piece is placed, the test piece is horizontally placed on the adjusting base and does not need to be vertically arranged on the testing machine, and when the test piece is pressurized, the test piece is pressurized in a first preset direction vertical to the vertical direction instead of the vertical direction, so that the test piece is prevented from toppling, and the test piece does not need to be supported by a tester, and the injury to the tester is avoided; through adjusting test piece backup pad at the ascending first offset of second default side and the ascending second offset of upper and lower side, conveniently adjust the unbalance loading volume of test piece, when first offset and second offset are adjusted to the test piece backup pad, can measure with the help of the measuring tape, for artifical calibration, simplified the debugging process to the unbalance loading volume, improved the regulation precision of unbalance loading volume, reduce experimental error.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a horizontal bias loading system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a horizontal bias loading system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an adjusting base and a second height adjusting assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
10-a horizontal underframe; 11-load operating space; 12-a first level; 13-a groove; 14-laser reference line;
20-loading a power element; 21-a force application part; 22-a fixed part; 23-specimen fixing head; 24-an alignment slot; 25-an alignment block;
30-adjusting the base; 31-a fixing plate; 311-a first slider; 32-a connecting plate; 321-a first chute; 322-a second chute; 33-a specimen support plate; 331-a second slider; 34-fixing block; 35-a threaded connection; 36-graduation mark; 37-a second level; 38-extension plate;
40-a first height adjustment assembly; 41-a first bolt; 42-a first universal wheel; 43-a first nut; 44-a first weight increasing block;
50-a second height adjustment assembly; 51-a second bolt; 52-a second universal wheel; 53-a second nut; 54-a second weighting block;
60-test piece leveling device; 61-adjusting the rod; 62-a hand-held ring; 63-a third weight increasing block;
70-test piece.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a horizontal bias loading system according to the present invention will now be described. The horizontal bias loading system comprises a horizontal underframe 10, a loading power part 20 and an adjusting base 30; the horizontal underframe 10 is of a frame structure, and the middle part of the horizontal underframe 10 is enclosed to form a loading operation space 11; the loading power part 20 is connected to the horizontal chassis 10, the loading power part 20 includes a force application part 21 and a fixing part 22 which are located in the loading operation space 11 and are arranged oppositely, the force application part 21 and the fixing part 22 are used for clamping the test piece 70, the force application part 21 can apply loading force to the test piece 70 in a first preset direction, and the first preset direction is perpendicular to the up-down direction; the adjusting base 30 is arranged in the loading operation space 11 and at the bottom of the loading power part 20, the adjusting base 30 is provided with a test piece supporting plate 33 capable of being movably adjusted, the test piece supporting plate 33 can adjust a first offset in a second preset direction, and adjust a second offset in the up-down direction, and the second preset direction is respectively perpendicular to the first preset direction and the up-down direction; the specimen supporting plate 33 is configured to support the specimen 70, and the force application portion 21 is configured to apply a loading force to the specimen 70 when the first offset amount reaches a first preset value and the second offset amount reaches a second preset value.
The specific application process of the horizontal bias loading system provided by the embodiment is as follows: the horizontal underframe 10 is placed on a relatively flat ground, then the first offset and the second offset of the test piece supporting plate 33 are adjusted according to the test requirement, the distance between the force application part 21 and the fixing part 22 on the loading power piece 20 is adjusted to be the length of the test piece 70, the test piece 70 is placed on the test piece supporting plate 33, and ensures that the center line of the test piece 70 and the center line of the test piece support plate 33 are both located in the same vertical plane (i.e. the center line of the test piece 70 and the center line of the test piece support plate 33 are vertically coincident), the first offset and the second offset of the movement of the specimen supporting plate 33 represent the offset load of the specimen 70, and at this time, the force application part 21 and the fixing part 22 of the loading power part 20 are respectively located at two ends of the specimen 70, the loading power part 20 is started, the force application part 21 and the fixing part 22 clamp and apply pressure to the specimen 70 in the first preset direction, and after the test is finished, the specimen 70 is taken down to observe the change of the shape and the like of the specimen 70.
Compared with the prior art, the whole horizontal bias loading system has a horizontal loading process, when the test piece 70 is placed, the test piece is horizontally placed on the adjusting base 30, the test piece does not need to be vertically arranged on the testing machine, and when the test piece 70 is pressurized, the test piece 70 is pressurized in a first preset direction vertical to the vertical direction instead of the vertical direction, so that the test piece 70 is prevented from toppling, a test person does not need to support the test piece 70 in the testing process, and the injury to the test person is avoided; through adjusting test piece backup pad 33 and presetting ascending first offset of side and the ascending second offset of upper and lower side at the second, conveniently adjust the unbalance loading volume of test piece 70, when test piece backup pad 33 adjusted first offset and second offset, can measure with the help of the measuring tape, for artifical calibration, simplified the debugging process to the unbalance loading volume, improved the regulation precision of unbalance loading volume, reduce experimental error.
In some embodiments, the horizontal undercarriage 10 may be configured as shown in FIG. 2 to facilitate the above-described movement. Referring to fig. 2, a first height adjusting assembly 40 is arranged on the horizontal chassis 10, the first height adjusting assembly 40 includes a first bolt 41, a first nut 43 and a first universal wheel 42, a first through hole in threaded fit with the first bolt 41 is formed in the horizontal chassis 10, and the first bolt 41 is vertically arranged; the first nut 43 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal underframe 10, and the first bolt 41 is in threaded fit with the first nut 43; the first universal wheel 42 is connected to the bottom of the first bolt 41; the first bolt 41 is further provided with a first weight 44, and the first weight 44 is located between the horizontal underframe 10 and the first universal wheel 42.
The first universal wheels 42 in the first height adjusting assembly 40 facilitate the movement of the horizontal bottom frame 10, and it can be understood that, for the purpose of facilitating the movement of the horizontal bottom frame 10, the first universal wheels 42 are disposed at four corners of the bottom of the horizontal bottom frame 10, that is, the first height adjusting assemblies 40 are disposed at four corners of the horizontal bottom frame 10; the height of the horizontal underframe 10 can be changed by rotating the first bolt 41, so that different requirements can be met conveniently; the first nut 43 can be directly welded on the horizontal underframe 10, the first nut 43 is matched with the first bolt 41, and the horizontal underframe 10 is directly drilled with the first through hole, so that the manufacturing process is more convenient compared with the method of directly drilling the internal threaded hole on the horizontal underframe 10; by arranging the first weight increasing block 44, gravity can be applied to the top of the first universal wheel 42, so that the stability of the first universal wheel 42 during movement is ensured, and the first universal wheel 42 is prevented from tilting.
In some embodiments, the horizontal undercarriage 10 may be configured as shown in fig. 1-2 for ease of leveling as described above. Referring to fig. 1-2, a first level 12 is provided on the lying base frame 10. Optionally, the first level 12 is a leveling bubble level adjusting device, when the horizontal base frame 10 is moved, the horizontal base frame 10 is inevitably inclined due to factors such as uneven ground, the horizontal state of the horizontal base frame 10 can be adjusted by observing the position of the leveling bubble on the first level 12 and screwing the first bolts 41 at the four corners of the bottom of the horizontal base frame 10, and the situation that the test piece 70 is unstable to place or the offset load amount has errors when the horizontal base frame 10 is inclined is prevented.
In some embodiments, a configuration such as that shown in FIG. 2 may be used in order to achieve the above-described leveling of the horizontal base frame 10. Referring to fig. 2, a groove 13 is formed in the inner wall of the horizontal chassis 10 facing one side of the adjusting base 30, and a laser emitting device is installed in the groove 13 and used for emitting laser towards the adjusting base 30. The laser emitting device integrally emits laser in the length of the groove 13, the emitted laser forms a laser surface, when the laser surface reaches the position of the test piece 70, a laser datum line 14 is formed on the side surface of the test piece 70, when the test piece 70 is placed, the laser datum line 14 of the laser emitting device can be observed, so that the horizontal plane where the central line of the loading power piece 20 is located and the horizontal plane where the central line of the test piece 70 is located are both parallel to the horizontal plane where the laser datum line 14 is located, the laser datum line 14 and the side central line of the test piece 70 are overlapped, adjustment on the horizontal plane when the first offset is adjusted is guaranteed, the second offset is adjusted in the vertical direction, the accuracy of the offset is guaranteed, and experimental errors are reduced.
In some embodiments, the adjusting base 30 may be configured as shown in fig. 1 to 3. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the adjusting base 30 further includes a fixing plate 31 and a connecting plate 32, the force application portion 21 has a housing fixed to the horizontal chassis 10, and the fixing plate 31 is fixedly connected to the housing and located at the bottom of the force application portion 21; the connecting plate 32 is slidably connected to the fixing plate 31 along a second predetermined direction, and a moving distance of the connecting plate 32 relative to the fixing plate 31 in the second predetermined direction is a first offset; the specimen support plate 33 is slidably attached to the attachment plate 32 in the up-down direction, and the movement distance of the specimen support plate 33 in the up-down direction with respect to the attachment plate 32 is a second offset amount.
In this embodiment, the order of adjusting the connection plate 32 and the test piece support plate 33 is not limited, that is, the offset of the connection plate 32 in the second preset direction may be adjusted first, and then the offset of the test piece support plate 33 in the up-down direction may be adjusted; the offset of the test piece supporting plate 33 in the vertical direction can be adjusted first, and then the offset of the connecting plate 32 in the second preset direction can be adjusted. Two offsets are adjusted respectively through connecting plate 32 and test piece backup pad 33 for adjustment value at every turn is clear and definite, can not influence each other, convenient operation and correction.
In some embodiments, the loading power member 20 may be configured as shown in fig. 1-2. Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a fixing block 34 is fastened to the housing, a connecting hole is formed in the fixing plate 31, and the fixing block 34 is connected to the connecting hole through a threaded connector 35. The fixing block 34 is provided with a slot adapted to the shape of the outer shell of the force application part 21, the fixing block 34 is clamped at the outer shell of the force application part 21, and the fixing block is connected with the fixing plate 31 and relatively fixed in position through a threaded connection piece 35. The fixed block 34 is clamped with the shell of the force application part 21, the fixed plate 31 is connected with the fixed block 34 through the threaded connecting piece 35, and the fixed plate 31 and the fixed block 34 are convenient to detach when not in use and replace.
Specifically, the connecting hole is an oblong hole, the major axis of the oblong hole is parallel to the first preset direction, and the fixing plate 31 can be adjusted relative to the extension length of the shell of the force application part 21 by the difference of the positions of the fixing plate 31 extending into the oblong hole through the threaded connecting part 35 (meanwhile, the fixing plate 34 can be moved to a certain extent by the clamping connection between the fixing plate 34 and the shell of the force application part 21), so that the position of the test piece supporting plate 33 can be adjusted to adapt to test pieces 70 with different lengths.
In some embodiments, the connection manner between the connection plate 32 and the fixing plate 31, and the connection manner between the connection plate 32 and the specimen support plate 33 may adopt the structure shown in fig. 2 to 3. Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the fixing plate 31 is provided with first sliding blocks 311 distributed along the second predetermined direction, the connecting plate 32 is provided with first sliding slots 321 distributed along the second predetermined direction, and the first sliding slots 321 are in sliding fit with the first sliding blocks 311; the connecting plate 32 is provided with a second sliding groove 322 distributed along the vertical direction, the test piece supporting plate 33 is provided with a second sliding block 331 distributed along the vertical direction, and the second sliding groove 322 is in sliding fit with the second sliding block 331. Through the sliding fit of first slider 311 and first spout 321, the sliding fit of second slider 331 and second spout 322, conveniently adjust the position of connecting plate 32 and test piece support plate 33, connecting plate 32 and test piece support plate 33 are fixed after the regulation finishes to accomplish and adjust first offset and second offset, can begin to test. This structure is convenient to the regulation to first offset and second offset, convenient operation.
It should be noted that the first sliders 311 are distributed along the second preset direction, and a plurality of the first sliders 311 may be sequentially arranged along the second preset direction; the first slider 311 may also be in a long strip shape, and the long axis is parallel to the second predetermined direction. The second slider 331 is arranged in a similar manner to the first slider 311; the first sliding groove 321 and the second sliding groove 322 are both strip-shaped through grooves.
The fit clearance between the first sliding block 311 and the first sliding chute 321 is small, so that when the first sliding block 311 moves to a proper position, the frictional resistance between the first sliding block 311 and the first sliding chute 321 is enough to fix the first sliding block 311; or, the first sliding block 311 is fixed by a pin perpendicular to the second preset direction, and the pin passes through the connecting plate 32 and is inserted into the first sliding hole 311 in the first sliding groove 321, so that the relative position of the adjusted first sliding block 311 is fixed. The adjustment and fixing form between the second sliding block 331 and the second sliding slot 322 can use the same matching form as the first sliding block 311 and the first sliding slot 321, and the details are not repeated here.
Optionally, the shape of the cross section of the first slider 311 may be a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, a wedge, etc., and the shape of the first sliding slot 321 is a slot body adapted to the first slider 311; the cross-sectional shape of the second sliding block 331 may be circular, oval, polygonal, wedge-shaped, etc., and the shape of the second sliding slot 322 is a slot body adapted to the second sliding block 331. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the first slider 311 is circular, and the first sliding groove 321 is also a circular groove body; the section of the second sliding block 331 is wedge-shaped, and the second sliding groove 322 is also a wedge-shaped groove body.
In some embodiments, the adjusting base 30 may be configured as shown in fig. 1 to 3. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, corresponding scale marks 36 are provided between the fixing plate 31 and the connecting plate 32, and between the connecting plate 32 and the specimen supporting plate 33. The scale marks 36 on the fixed plate 31 and the connecting plate 32 correspond to each other, and when the connecting plate 32 adjusts the position in the second preset direction, the difference change of the scale marks 36 between the connecting plate 32 and the fixed plate 31 can be conveniently observed, so that the first offset can be determined; the scale marks 36 on the connecting plate 32 and the specimen supporting plate 33 correspond to each other, and when the specimen supporting plate 33 adjusts the position in the vertical direction, the difference change of the scale marks 36 between the specimen supporting plate 33 and the connecting plate 32 is observed conveniently, and the second offset is determined. Through observing scale mark 36 on fixed plate 31, connecting plate 32 and the test piece backup pad 33, the numerical value of first offset and the numerical value of second offset are conveniently directly perceived to guarantee the accuracy that first offset and second offset were adjusted, improve the test result accuracy.
In some embodiments, the structure shown in FIG. 3 may be used to facilitate movement of the specimen support plate 33. Referring to fig. 3, the test piece supporting plate 33 is provided with a second height adjusting assembly 50, the second height adjusting assembly 50 includes a second bolt 51, a second nut 53 and a second universal wheel 52, the test piece supporting plate 33 is provided with a second through hole matched with the second bolt 51, and the second bolt 51 is vertically arranged; the second nut 53 is fixedly arranged on the test piece supporting plate 33, and the second bolt 51 is in threaded fit with the second nut 53; the second universal wheel 52 is connected to the bottom of the second bolt 51; the second bolt 51 is further provided with a second weight 54, and the second weight 54 is located between the test piece support plate 33 and the second universal wheel 52.
When the second universal wheels 52 in the second height adjusting assembly 50 facilitate the adjustment of the test piece supporting plate 33, the second universal wheels are supported at the bottom of the test piece supporting plate 33, and facilitate the horizontal underframe 10 or the connecting plate 32 to drive the test piece supporting plate 33 to move, it can be understood that, in order to achieve the purpose of facilitating the movement of the test piece supporting plate 33, the second universal wheels 54 are arranged at four corners of the bottom of the test piece supporting plate 33, that is, the second height adjusting assemblies 50 are arranged at four corners of the test piece supporting plate 33; when the test piece supporting plate 33 is adjusted up and down, the height of the test piece supporting plate is changed, and the second bolt 51 can be rotated to adapt to the height of the test piece supporting plate 33, so that different requirements can be met conveniently; the second nut 53 can be directly welded on the test piece supporting plate 33, the second nut 53 and the second bolt 51 are provided, and the second through hole can be directly drilled on the test piece supporting plate 33, so that the manufacturing process is more convenient compared with the method of directly drilling the internal thread hole on the test piece supporting plate 33; by providing the second weight 54, gravity can be applied to the top of the second universal wheel 54, improving the stability of the specimen support plate 33.
In some embodiments, the structure shown in fig. 1 to 3 may be adopted for the convenience of leveling the specimen support plate 33 as described above. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a second level 37 is provided on the specimen support plate 33. Optionally, second spirit level 37 is level bubble level control device, in adjusting connection board 32 and test piece backup pad 33, the position of test piece backup pad 33 can change, can produce crooked unavoidably, through observing the position of level bubble on second spirit level 37, through twisting the second bolt 51 of moving test piece backup pad 33 bottom four corners, can adjust the horizontality of test piece backup pad 33, guarantee the horizontality when test piece 70 is placed on test piece backup pad 33, conveniently observe the regulation.
In some embodiments, the adjustment base 30 may be configured as shown in FIGS. 1-3 to accommodate different test pieces 70. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, at least one extension plate 38 is further disposed between the connection plate 32 and the specimen support plate 33, and the extension plate 38 is slidably connected to the connection plate 32 and the specimen support plate 33 in the vertical direction, respectively. When the test piece 70 is placed on the test piece support plate 33 for a short time, the extension plate 38 may not be provided; when the test piece 70 is placed on the test piece support plate 33 for a long time, one or more extension plates 38 may be provided, and the effect of adapting to the length of the test piece 70 is achieved by changing the number of the extension plates 38, thereby expanding the application range.
Specifically, one side of the test piece supporting plate 33 is provided with a fixing plate 31, a connecting plate 32 and an extension plate 38, the opposite side of the test piece supporting plate 33 can also be symmetrically provided with the connecting plate 32 and the extension plate 38, the connecting plate 32 on the opposite side is connected with the fixing part 22 of the power loading member 20 in the same manner as the fixing plate 31 (i.e., connected through the oblong hole and the threaded connecting piece 35), and the connection form of the extension plate 38 with the connecting plate 32 and the test piece supporting plate 33 respectively can be connected in a matching manner of the second sliding block 331 and the second sliding groove 322.
In some embodiments, the configuration shown in FIGS. 1-2 may be used in order to adjust the position of the test piece 70. Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the horizontal bias loading system further includes a test piece leveling device 60, the test piece leveling device 60 includes a plurality of adjusting rods 61, the adjusting rods 61 are in threaded connection with the horizontal base frame 10 and are arranged in parallel to the second preset direction, and the adjusting rods 61 have adjusting ends in press contact with the test piece 70, so that the center line of the test piece 70 is parallel to the first preset direction. After the first offset and the second offset are adjusted, the test piece 70 is placed on the test piece supporting plate 33, the center line of the test piece 70 and the center line of the test piece supporting plate 33 are enabled to coincide in the vertical direction, if the test piece 70 inclines, the adjusting rod 61 can be screwed through the adjusting rod 61 on the test piece leveling device 60, the adjusting end of the adjusting rod 61 abuts against the side face of the test piece 70, the state of the test piece 70 is changed, finally, the free ends of the adjusting pieces are in contact with the outer surface of the test piece 70, the test piece 70 can be prevented from being inclined in the test process of the test piece 70, the limiting effect is achieved, and the test effect is optimized.
The end, positioned outside the horizontal underframe 10, of the adjusting rod 61 is provided with a handheld ring 62, so that the adjusting rod can be conveniently manually held to be screwed, and the operation is convenient; the third weight increasing block 63 is further sleeved on the adjusting rod 61, the third weight increasing block 63 is located between the horizontal type bottom frame 10 and the handheld ring 62, the weight of the adjusting rod 61 is increased, the adjusting stability of the adjusting rod 61 is guaranteed, and small-amplitude adjustment of the adjusting rod 61 is met.
In some embodiments, the loading power member 20 may be configured as shown in fig. 1-2. Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the force application portion 21 has a force application end capable of extending and contracting along a first preset direction, the loading power member 20 further includes two specimen fixing heads 23, the two specimen fixing heads 23 are respectively fixed at two ends of the specimen 70, the specimen fixing heads 23 are provided with alignment grooves 24, and the force application end and the fixing portions 22 are respectively provided with alignment blocks 25 matched with the alignment grooves 24. Before the test piece 70 is placed, the two test piece fixing heads 23 are fixed at two ends of the test piece 70, after the position between the test piece 70 and the test piece supporting plate 33 is adjusted, the alignment groove 24 and the alignment block 25 are matched correspondingly, and then force is applied through the force application part 21.
Alternatively, the end surface of the alignment block 25 is triangular, the alignment groove 24 is a triangular groove adapted to the shape of the alignment block 25, and the alignment groove 24 is open in the up-down direction. The test piece 70 is conveniently inserted into the alignment block 25 from top to bottom after the test piece fixing head 23 is installed, so that the alignment block 25 is inserted into the alignment groove 24; and the alignment groove 24 is uniformly provided in a plurality in the second preset direction, so that the adjustment of the first offset of the test piece 70 is conveniently adapted.
For example, the force application part 21 of the loading power element 20 may be a jack, a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc., and when the force application part 21 is a hydraulic cylinder, the free end of the piston rod on the hydraulic cylinder forms a force application end, and the distance between the force application part 21 and the fixing part 22 can be changed by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the piston rod, so as to adapt to the length of the test piece 70.
The specific use process of the horizontal bias loading system comprises the following steps:
moving the horizontal underframe 10 to a set position, and fixing a first universal wheel 42 on the horizontal underframe 10;
adjusting the height of the lying chassis 10 by the first bolt 41 according to the section height of the member, and simultaneously completing the leveling of the lying chassis 10 according to the first level 12;
installing a jack according to a laser emitting device in a groove 13 of the horizontal underframe 10, so that the center of the jack passes through a horizontal plane where a laser reference line 14 is located;
moving the connecting plate 32 according to the first offset, wherein the connecting plate 32 drives the test piece supporting plate 33 to move in a second preset direction;
moving the test piece support plate 33 according to the second offset, wherein the connection plate 32 is fixed and only the test piece support plate 33 moves;
fixing a second universal wheel 52 on the test piece supporting plate 33, placing the test piece 70 on the test piece supporting plate 33, and adjusting the position of the test piece 70 to enable the center of the test piece 70 to be overlapped with the center line of the test piece supporting plate 33 in the vertical direction;
correcting the position of the test piece 70 through a laser emitting device in the groove 13, wherein laser emitted by the laser emitting device irradiates a line on the side surface of the test piece 70 to form a laser reference line 14, and the central line of the side surface of the test piece 70 is adjusted to be parallel to the laser reference line 14;
the test piece supporting plate 33 is leveled according to the second level gauge 37, and the jack (the loading power piece 20) is opened to start applying force for testing.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A horizontal bias loading system, comprising:
the horizontal type underframe is of a frame-shaped structure, and the middle part of the horizontal type underframe is enclosed to form a loading operation space;
the loading power part is connected to the horizontal underframe and comprises a force application part and a fixing part which are positioned in the loading operation space and are arranged oppositely, the force application part and the fixing part are used for clamping a test piece, the force application part can apply loading force to the test piece in a first preset direction, and the first preset direction is vertical to the up-down direction; and
the adjusting base is arranged in the loading operation space and is positioned at the bottom of the loading power part, the adjusting base is provided with a movably adjustable test piece supporting plate, the test piece supporting plate can adjust a first offset in a second preset direction and adjust a second offset in the vertical direction, and the second preset direction is respectively vertical to the first preset direction and the vertical direction;
the test piece supporting plate is used for supporting a test piece, the center line of the test piece supporting plate is used for being located in the same vertical plane with the center of the test piece, and the force application portion can apply a loading force to the test piece when the first offset reaches a first preset value and the second offset reaches a second preset value.
2. The horizontal bias loading system according to claim 1 wherein a first height adjustment assembly is provided on the horizontal base frame, the first height adjustment assembly comprising:
the horizontal chassis is provided with a first through hole in threaded fit with the first bolt, and the first bolt is vertically arranged;
the first nut is fixedly arranged on the horizontal underframe, and the first bolt is in threaded fit with the first nut; and
the first universal wheel is connected to the bottom of the first bolt;
and the first bolt is also provided with a first weight increasing block, and the first weight increasing block is positioned between the horizontal underframe and the first universal wheel.
3. The horizontal bias loading system of claim 1 or 2 wherein the adjustment mount further comprises:
the force application part is provided with a shell fixed with the horizontal underframe, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the shell and is positioned at the bottom of the force application part; and
the connecting plate is connected to the fixed plate in a sliding mode along the second preset direction, and the moving distance of the connecting plate relative to the fixed plate in the second preset direction is the first offset;
the test piece supporting plate is connected to the connecting plate in a sliding mode in the vertical direction, and the moving distance of the test piece supporting plate relative to the connecting plate in the vertical direction is the second offset.
4. The horizontal bias loading system according to claim 3 wherein a fixing block is snap-fitted to the housing, the fixing plate is provided with a connecting hole, and the fixing block is connected to the connecting hole by a threaded connection.
5. The horizontal bias loading system according to claim 3, wherein the fixed plate is provided with first sliding blocks distributed along a second predetermined direction, the connecting plate is provided with first sliding grooves distributed along the second predetermined direction, and the first sliding grooves are in sliding fit with the first sliding blocks;
the connecting plate is provided with second sliding grooves distributed along the vertical direction, the test piece supporting plate is provided with second sliding blocks distributed along the vertical direction, and the second sliding grooves are in sliding fit with the second sliding blocks.
6. The horizontal bias loading system according to claim 5 wherein said fixed plate and said attachment plate, and said attachment plate and said specimen support plate have corresponding graduations.
7. The horizontal bias loading system of claim 3 wherein a second height adjustment assembly is provided on the specimen support plate, the second height adjustment assembly comprising:
the test piece supporting plate is provided with a second through hole in threaded fit with the second bolt, and the second bolt is vertically arranged;
the second nut is fixedly arranged on the test piece supporting plate, and the second bolt is in threaded fit with the second nut; and
the second universal wheel is connected to the bottom of the second bolt;
and a second weight increasing block is also arranged on the second bolt and is positioned between the test piece supporting plate and the second universal wheel.
8. The horizontal bias loading system according to claim 3 wherein at least one extension plate is further disposed between said attachment plate and said specimen support plate, said extension plate being slidably connected to said attachment plate and said specimen support plate, respectively, in an up-down direction.
9. The horizontal bias loading system according to claim 1, further comprising a specimen leveling device including a plurality of adjustment rods threadedly coupled to the horizontal base frame and disposed parallel to the second predetermined direction, the adjustment rods having adjustment ends in compressive contact with the specimen such that the centerline of the specimen is parallel to the first predetermined direction.
10. The horizontal bias loading system according to claim 1 wherein said force applying portion has a force applying end that is extendable and retractable in said first predetermined direction, said load power member further comprising two specimen mount heads, said two specimen mount heads being adapted to be mounted to respective ends of a specimen, said specimen mount heads having alignment slots therein, said force applying end and said mount portions each having respective alignment blocks that mate with said alignment slots.
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| CN202110367017.0A CN113092092B (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Horizontal bias loading system |
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