CN113091917A - Three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement method for hundred-micron aluminum combustion particles of solid propellant - Google Patents
Three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement method for hundred-micron aluminum combustion particles of solid propellant Download PDFInfo
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012631 diagnostic technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001454 recorded image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0014—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation from gases, flames
- G01J5/0018—Flames, plasma or welding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement method for hundred micron aluminum combustion particles of a solid propellant, which comprises the following steps of: step one, before the aluminum-containing solid propellant is ignited, acquiring imaging images of the aluminum-containing solid propellant in nine directions. And obtaining the accurate projection angle corresponding to each imaging image. And step two, acquiring nine-angle dynamic imaging images of flame in the dynamic combustion process of the aluminum-containing solid propellant after the aluminum-containing solid propellant is ignited. And step three, selecting a reconstruction area to obtain an image of the intercepted single aluminum particle combustion gas-phase flame. And fourthly, performing point cloud reconstruction on the intercepted image of the target flame to obtain an initial three-dimensional digital matrix, and performing ART iteration to obtain a matrix of three-dimensional spatial distribution of the aluminum particle combustion flame. The method obtains the three-dimensional shape of the combustion flame of single hundred micron-sized aluminum particles and the three-dimensional dynamic change process of the flame in the aluminum-containing solid propellant combustion environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement method for hundred micron aluminum combustion particles of a solid propellant.
Background
In the combustion chamber of the solid rocket engine, the composite propellant is vigorously combusted, the reaction process is very complex, and aluminum is the most important energy release component in the composite propellant. In recent years, a great deal of research is carried out at home and abroad aiming at the combustion characteristics such as the state of a condensed phase combustion product of an aluminum-containing propellant, the spatial distribution and the particle size distribution of aluminum particles and agglomerates in the combustion process and the like. Aluminum particle combustion flames, one of the most direct characteristics of the heat release characteristics of the aluminum particle combustion flames, can reflect the nature of combustion, so that the combustion theory and the development of advanced combustion equipment need to be more finely and comprehensively researched on the flame structure.
In the traditional combustion diagnosis research aiming at aluminum particles and aluminum particle flames, two-dimensional diagnosis is often carried out. For the aluminum particle flame, the two-dimensional optical diagnosis is equivalent to the projection of the chemical signal of the aluminum particle flame superposed in the shooting direction, and the light intensity distribution and the temperature change in the aluminum particle flame are difficult to distinguish. Also, since the chemiluminescence signal is difficult to accurately quantify, and its application range has been widely studied in terms of temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio, and strain rate, among all limitations, the lack of three-dimensional spatial resolution has become an important limitation of the combustion diagnostic technique of chemiluminescence. For various reasons (multi-scale, multi-parameter, complex optical path, hardware limitations), 3D combustion diagnostic techniques have been a significant challenge.
In the existing three-dimensional combustion diagnosis aiming at the flame, most research objects of experimental research are hydrocarbon fuel, the flame is transparent and clean, the size of the flame is large and ranges from several centimeters to dozens of centimeters, and the experimental research cannot be applied to the combustion of the solid propellant. And the research on the diagnosis technologies such as three-dimensional flame appearance, heat release characteristics and the like of the aluminum combustion particles of the solid propellant is less. The hundred micron micro-scale three-dimensional flame diagnosis technology aiming at aluminum combustion particles in the solid propellant is not reported yet.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement method for hundred micron aluminum combustion particles of a solid propellant in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, obtain the three-dimensional shape of the combustion flame of a single hundred micron aluminum particle and the three-dimensional dynamic change process of the flame in the combustion environment of the aluminum-containing solid propellant, and obtain the distribution and motion process of alumina micelles on each section.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement method for the hundred micron aluminum combustion particles of the solid propellant comprises the following steps:
step one, before the aluminum-containing solid propellant is ignited, acquiring imaging images of the aluminum-containing solid propellant in nine directions, and arraying and recording the nine images in a 3 x 3 mode.
And calibrating the imaging angles of the aluminum-containing propellant in nine directions by using a point cloud reconstruction method to obtain the accurate projection angle corresponding to each imaging image.
Secondly, acquiring dynamic imaging images of nine angles of flame in the dynamic combustion process of the aluminum-containing solid propellant after the aluminum-containing solid propellant is ignited; nine images were arrayed and recorded in a 3 × 3 manner.
And step three, dividing the 3 x 3 image into 9 images, selecting clear particles of flame to be researched in each image as a center, selecting a reconstruction area according to 1.5 times of the maximum length and width of the flame, and obtaining the intercepted image of the flame in the combustion gas phase of the single aluminum particle, namely the image of the target flame.
And fourthly, performing point cloud reconstruction in nine directions on the intercepted image of the target flame to obtain an initial three-dimensional digital matrix serving as an initial matrix of ART iteration, and substituting the accurate projection angle in the first step into the ART iteration to obtain a matrix of three-dimensional spatial distribution of the aluminum particle combustion flame, so as to obtain the three-dimensional flame morphology of the aluminum particle combustion gas phase.
Further, the three-dimensional gas-phase flame measuring system is used for the acquisition in the first step and the second step, and comprises: nine objective lenses are arranged around the propellant at intervals, the propellant is used as the center, the head end of each objective lens faces the propellant, and the objective lenses are used for self-luminous flame of the propellant to carry out primary imaging and projection.
The tail ends of the objective lenses are respectively connected with the optical fiber image transmission beams, and the focal points of the objective lenses are positioned on the corresponding input end surfaces of the optical fiber image transmission beams; the optical fiber image transmission bundle is used for receiving images of nine objective lenses and outputting the images in a 3 x 3 array image.
The imaging camera is arranged at the rear end of the optical fiber image transmission bundle, is on the same axis with the optical fiber image transmission bundle, and faces the optical fiber image transmission bundle; the imaging camera is used for recording and transmitting images transmitted by the optical fiber image transmission bundle.
And the computer is used for receiving and processing the image transmitted by the imaging camera to obtain a three-dimensional digital matrix of the optimized flame chemiluminescence intensity spatial distribution.
Further, in the first step and the second step, the following are specific: the objective lenses are arranged at intervals around the aluminum-containing solid propellant at one circle, the aluminum-containing solid propellant is taken as a center, the head end of each objective lens faces the aluminum-containing solid propellant, and any two objective lenses are not on the same straight line passing through the center.
Furthermore, the optical fiber image transmission bundle is a multi-branch optical fiber image transmission bundle and consists of a front section and a rear section which are integrally connected, wherein the front section is nine independent flexible optical fibers, and the rear section is a combined optical fiber; each flexible light ray of the front section is connected with a corresponding objective lens; the optical fiber of the rear section is connected with the ocular.
The invention also discloses a three-dimensional gas-phase flame measuring system for the three-dimensional gas-phase flame measuring method for the hundred micron aluminum combustion particles of the solid propellant, which comprises the following steps:
nine objective lenses are used for surrounding the aluminum-containing solid propellant at intervals, taking the aluminum-containing solid propellant as the center, enabling the head end of each objective lens to face the propellant, and being used for self-luminous primary imaging and projection of the flame of the propellant.
The tail ends of the objective lenses are respectively connected with the optical fiber image transmission beams, and the focal points of the objective lenses are positioned on the input end surfaces of the optical fiber image transmission beams; the optical fiber image transmission bundle is used for receiving images of nine objective lenses and outputting the images in a 3 x 3 array image.
The imaging camera is arranged at the rear end of the optical fiber image transmission bundle, is on the same axis with the optical fiber image transmission bundle, and faces the optical fiber image transmission bundle; the imaging camera is used for recording and transmitting images transmitted by the optical fiber image transmission bundle.
And the computer is used for receiving and processing the image transmitted by the imaging camera to obtain a three-dimensional digital matrix of the optimized flame chemiluminescence intensity spatial distribution.
The invention has the following advantages: 1. the point cloud reconstruction result is used as an initial matrix of ART numerical value iterative reconstruction, and the projection angle is determined at the same time, so that the reconstruction time can be effectively shortened. 2. The imaging objective lenses with different magnifications are selected to observe the flame shapes with different scales, so that the aluminum particle flame with the hundred-micron grade can be observed. 3. The flame projection of the single aluminum particle under nine angles is obtained, image reconstruction is carried out, the three-dimensional appearance of the flame burnt by the single aluminum particle and the three-dimensional dynamic change process of the flame are successfully obtained, and the distribution and movement process of the alumina micelle on each section can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hundred micron aluminum particle combustion three-dimensional gas phase flame measurement system;
FIG. 2 is an image angle of nine directions before propellant ignition obtained after point cloud reconstruction;
FIG. 3 is a reconstruction region of a 3X 3 original experiment result, wherein the same aluminum particle flame region is selected;
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of the original image results of the same particle combustion flame at a portion of angle and the corresponding reconstructed heavy three-dimensional gas phase flame profile at the corresponding angle;
FIG. 5 is an image tumbling dynamics of three-dimensional gas phase flame of the same particle over time;
wherein: a. an aluminum-containing solid propellant; 1. an objective lens; 2. an optical fiber image transmission bundle; 3. an imaging camera; 4. an eyepiece; 5. and (4) a computer.
Detailed Description
In the invention, a three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement method for hundred micron-sized aluminum combustion particles serving as a solid propellant comprises the following steps:
step one, before the aluminum-containing solid propellant a is ignited, acquiring imaging images of the aluminum-containing solid propellant a in nine directions, and arraying and recording the nine images in a 3 x 3 mode.
Calibrating imaging angles of the aluminum-containing propellant in nine directions by using a point cloud reconstruction method to obtain an accurate projection angle corresponding to each imaging image;
secondly, acquiring dynamic imaging images of nine angles of flame in the dynamic combustion process of the aluminum-containing solid propellant a after the aluminum-containing solid propellant a is ignited; nine images were arrayed and recorded in a 3 × 3 manner. As shown in FIG. 5, the method of the present invention obtains the image rolling dynamic process of the three-dimensional gas-phase flame of the same particle with time.
And step three, dividing the 3 x 3 image into 9 images, selecting clear particles of flame to be researched in each image as a center, selecting a reconstruction area according to 1.5 times of the maximum length and width of the flame, and obtaining the intercepted image of the flame in the combustion gas phase of the single aluminum particle, namely the image of the target flame.
And fourthly, performing point cloud reconstruction in nine directions on the intercepted image of the target flame to obtain an initial three-dimensional digital matrix serving as an initial matrix of ART iteration, and substituting the accurate projection angle in the first step into the ART iteration to obtain a matrix of three-dimensional spatial distribution of the aluminum particle combustion flame, so as to obtain the three-dimensional flame morphology of the aluminum particle combustion gas phase.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement system includes: nine objective lenses 1 are arranged around the propellant a at intervals, the propellant a is used as a center, the head end of each objective lens 1 faces the propellant, and the objective lenses are used for self-luminous flame of the propellant a to carry out primary imaging and projection.
The tail end of each objective lens 1 is respectively connected with the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2, and the focus of each objective lens 1 is positioned on each corresponding input end surface of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2; the fiber optic image bundle 2 is used for receiving the images of the nine objective lenses 1 and outputting the images in a 3 × 3 array image.
The imaging camera 3 is provided with an ocular lens 4, the imaging camera 3 is arranged at the rear end of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 and is on the same axis with the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2, and the end of the ocular lens 4 faces the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2; the imaging camera 3 is used for recording and transmitting images transmitted by the optical fiber image transmission bundle;
and the computer 5 is used for receiving and processing the image transmitted by the imaging camera 3 to obtain a three-dimensional digital matrix of the optimized flame chemiluminescence intensity spatial distribution.
In the first and second steps, the following are specific: the objective lenses 1 are arranged at intervals around the aluminum-containing solid propellant a at a circle, the aluminum-containing solid propellant a is taken as a center, the head end of each objective lens 1 faces the aluminum-containing solid propellant a, and any two objective lenses 1 are not on the same straight line passing through the center.
The optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 is a multi-branch optical fiber image transmission bundle and consists of a front section and a rear section which are integrally connected, wherein the front section is nine independent flexible optical fibers, and the rear section is a combined optical fiber; each flexible light of the front section is connected with a corresponding objective lens 1.
The invention also discloses a three-dimensional gas-phase flame measuring system for the three-dimensional gas-phase flame measuring method for the hundred micron aluminum combustion particles of the solid propellant, which comprises the following steps:
nine objective lenses 1 are arranged at intervals around the aluminum-containing solid propellant a at intervals, the aluminum-containing solid propellant a is taken as a center, and the head end of each objective lens 1 faces the propellant and is used for self-illuminating flames of the propellant a to perform primary imaging and projection;
the tail end of each objective lens 1 is respectively connected with the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2, and the focus of each objective lens 1 is positioned on the input end surface of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2; the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 is used for receiving the images of the nine objective lenses 1 and outputting the images in a 3 x 3 array image; the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 is of a nine-in one-out type;
the imaging camera 3 is provided with an ocular lens 4, the imaging camera 3 is arranged at the rear end of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 and is on the same axis with the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2, and the end of the ocular lens 4 faces the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2; the imaging camera 3 is used for recording and transmitting images transmitted by the optical fiber image transmission bundle; and the computer 5 is used for receiving and processing the image transmitted by the imaging camera 3 to obtain a three-dimensional digital matrix of the optimized flame chemiluminescence intensity spatial distribution.
The result of the numerical reconstruction is divided into two regions according to a threshold, namely regions where the self-luminous intensity of the flames is above and below the background noise. These two regions are then considered to be flameless and flameless regions, respectively. The flames of aluminum particles at different angles are not exactly the same, and at some angles the flames are significantly flat, and at some angles they are much wider. And the flame of the aluminum particles has a large turning angle and uneven distribution in the result after three-dimensional reconstruction. The flame is approximately triangular in position to break away from the aluminum particles, since the severity of the flame combustion is directly related to the position of the aluminum particle oxidation cap.
In the traditional flame self-luminous chromatography test system, as the shot target is the jet flame of hydrocarbon fuel with the size of several centimeters to tens of centimeters generally, and the flame size of aluminum particles in the propellant is in the order of hundreds of microns, the imaging magnification is far higher than that of the traditional imaging system. The numerical aperture of the high-magnification imaging objective lens is larger, and the light emitted by the objective lens with the larger numerical aperture is more difficult to satisfy the law of total reflection, namely, the emitted image may not enter the image transmission beam. And the imaging part of the imaging system with higher magnification has large numerical aperture and short working distance.
The image transmission of the image transmission bundle is realized because a single optical fiber is equivalent to a pixel when transmitting light, and when the light of the image transmission bundle is regularly arranged one by one, the image at the input end can be transmitted to the output end. The optical fiber image transmission bundle is used as a passive element, and has the advantages of real-time imaging and the like.
In order to be able to image at nine angles simultaneously, a nine-in one-out set of fiber optic image bundles 2 is selected, which fiber optic image bundles 2 can array nine images at the input end by 3 × 3 at the output end. In addition, on the premise that the end face of the image transmission beam is as large as possible, after the output end of the image transmission beam is imaged again through the ocular lens 4 connected with the imaging camera 3, all the 3 × 3 array images must enter the CCD photosensitive layout of the imaging camera 3, otherwise, partial image information is lost, namely, the output end cannot be infinitely large.
After the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 transmits and arrays the current image, the optical fiber array at the emergent end of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 needs to be zoomed by the ocular lens 4 with a certain magnification to realize the matching with the planar array focal plane array, so that the image transmitted by the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 is coupled to the CCD of the imaging camera 3. If the diameter of a single fiber is comparable to the size of a single pixel, ideally the alignment coupling can be made directly. However, in this study, the diameter of the single fiber of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 is 17 microns, and the pixel size of the current common focal plane array is generally about 10 microns. Therefore, the long-focus micro lens is adopted for coupling, so that not only are the strict requirements of a direct coupling mode on the processing technology and alignment deviation overcome, but also the system is ensured to image the emergent end of the optical fiber image transmission beam 2 on a focal plane with the resolution equal to or higher than the limit resolution of the output end, the focal plane pixel is utilized to the maximum extent, and the ideal high-resolution imaging is realized. Therefore, the selection of the eyepiece 4 is crucial for the coupling between the fiber optic image bundle 2 and the photosensitive element of the imaging camera 3, and the imaging performance thereof also determines the imaging quality of the high-resolution camera. Firstly, since the numerical aperture of the emergent light of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 is determined by the numerical aperture of the monofilament optical fiber, in order to ensure the full utilization of the emergent light energy and avoid the influence of the stray light in the rear end space on the imaging quality, the object space numerical aperture of the ocular lens 4 is required to be ensured to be equivalent to the numerical aperture of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2.
The working principle is as follows: when the solid propellant a burns to generate flame, the front-end imaging system in each direction images on the input end face of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2, the images are transmitted to the input end through the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2, the images in all directions are finally transmitted to the output end at the tail end of the optical fiber image transmission bundle 2 in an array mode, and finally the images are re-imaged by the ocular lens 4 and recorded by the imaging camera 3. The 3 x 3 image is input to a reconstruction algorithm in the computer 5 for reconstruction to obtain the self-luminous intensity of each point of the voxel in the flame.
To verify the feasibility of the method and system of the present invention, the following verification was performed:
as shown in fig. 3, the image is the original recorded image of the imaging camera 3, the image is divided into 9 pieces, the point cloud is reconstructed according to the point cloud reconstruction algorithm, and a comparison graph of the obtained result and the original experimental result is shown in fig. 3. The adopted objective 1 is a COSSIM PLL multiplied by 20 multiplied microscope objective, the numerical aperture range is 0.35-0.6, and the working distance is within the range of 10-30 mm. The image bundle is produced by Nanjing Chunhui and has nine input ends, one output end, total length of 1m and working distance of 272mm, and each port has a size of 5.2 multiplied by 5.2 mm. The imaging camera 3 employs a phantom high-speed camera, and employs a resolution of 1600 × 1600 and a sampling rate of 2400 frames. The aluminum-containing solid propellant a is a conventional composite propellant containing 18% of aluminum powder.
As shown in fig. 4, the results of the original images of the same particle combustion flame part angle and the comparison graph of the three-dimensional gas phase flame profile at the corresponding angle after the corresponding reconstruction are shown. The three-dimensional results shown here are based on the equivalent surface of the aluminum particle flame, i.e. the flame determined by the method of setting the spontaneous light intensity threshold of the flame. As shown in fig. 3, the three images on the left side cannot completely distinguish the orientations of the enveloped flames and the tail flames of the particles, and the tail flames can be considered to be purely left or right according to the traditional two-dimensional direct imaging. The three-dimensional imaging result can show that the flame of the first particle and the flame of the third particle in the image have the real direction of the tail flame which is directed to the camera, and the second particle generates rolling motion towards the imaging direction of the camera. These are not accurately judged in two-dimensional direct measurements.
Claims (5)
1. The three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement method for the hundred micron aluminum combustion particles serving as the solid propellant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring imaging images of the aluminum-containing solid propellant (a) in nine directions before the aluminum-containing solid propellant (a) is ignited, and arraying and recording the nine images in a 3 x 3 mode;
calibrating imaging angles of the aluminum-containing propellant in nine directions by using a point cloud reconstruction method to obtain an accurate projection angle corresponding to each imaging image;
secondly, acquiring dynamic imaging images of nine angles of flame in the dynamic combustion process of the aluminum-containing solid propellant (a) after the aluminum-containing solid propellant (a) is ignited; nine images were arrayed and recorded in a 3 × 3 manner;
step three, dividing the 3 x 3 image into 9 images, selecting clear particles of flame to be researched in each image as the center, selecting a reconstruction area according to 1.5 times of the maximum length and width of the flame, and obtaining an image of the intercepted single aluminum particle combustion gas-phase flame, namely the image of the target flame;
and fourthly, performing point cloud reconstruction in nine directions on the intercepted image of the target flame to obtain an initial three-dimensional digital matrix serving as an initial matrix of ART iteration, and substituting the accurate projection angle in the first step into the ART iteration to obtain a matrix of three-dimensional spatial distribution of the aluminum particle combustion flame, so as to obtain the three-dimensional flame morphology of the aluminum particle combustion gas phase.
2. The method for measuring the three-dimensional gas-phase flame of the hundred micron-sized aluminum combustion particles as the solid propellant according to claim 1, wherein a three-dimensional gas-phase flame measuring system is used for the acquisition in the first step and the second step, and the three-dimensional gas-phase flame measuring system comprises:
nine objective lenses (1) are arranged at intervals around the propellant (a), the propellant (a) is used as a center, the head end of each objective lens (1) faces the propellant, and the objective lenses are used for self-luminous flame of the propellant (a) to carry out first imaging and projection;
the tail end of each objective lens (1) is respectively connected with an optical fiber image transmission bundle (2), and the focus of each objective lens (1) is positioned on each corresponding input end surface of the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2); the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2) is used for receiving images of nine objective lenses (1) and outputting the images in a 3 x 3 array image;
the imaging camera (3) is provided with an ocular lens (4), the imaging camera (3) is arranged at the rear end of the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2) and is on the same axis with the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2), and the end of the ocular lens (4) faces the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2); the imaging camera (3) is used for recording and transmitting images transmitted by the optical fiber image transmission bundle;
and the computer (5) is used for receiving and processing the images transmitted by the imaging camera (3) to obtain a three-dimensional digital matrix of the optimized flame chemiluminescence intensity spatial distribution.
3. The method for measuring the three-dimensional gas-phase flame of the hundred micron-sized aluminum combustion particles as the solid propellant according to claim 2, is characterized in that in the first step and the second step, the following steps are specifically performed: arranging the objective lenses (1) at intervals around the aluminum-containing solid propellant (a), taking the aluminum-containing solid propellant (a) as a center, wherein the head end of each objective lens (1) faces the aluminum-containing solid propellant (a), and any two objective lenses (1) are not on the same straight line passing through the center.
4. The method for measuring the three-dimensional gas-phase flame of the hundred micron-sized aluminum combustion particles as the solid propellant according to claim 3, wherein the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2) is a multi-branch optical fiber image transmission bundle and consists of a front section and a rear section which are integrally connected, the front section is nine independent flexible optical fibers, and the rear section is a combined optical fiber; each flexible light ray of the front section is connected with a corresponding objective lens (1); the optical fiber of the rear section is connected with the ocular (4).
5. A three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement system for the three-dimensional gas-phase flame measurement method of the solid propellant hundred micron aluminum combustion particles as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising:
nine objective lenses (1) are arranged at intervals around the aluminum-containing solid propellant (a), the aluminum-containing solid propellant (a) is taken as a center, and the head end of each objective lens (1) faces the propellant and is used for self-luminous flame of the propellant (a) for the first imaging and projection;
the tail end of each objective lens (1) is respectively connected with an optical fiber image transmission bundle (2), and the focus of each objective lens (1) is positioned on the input end face of the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2); the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2) is used for receiving images of nine objective lenses (1) and outputting the images in a 3 x 3 array image;
the imaging camera (3) is provided with an ocular lens (4), the imaging camera (3) is arranged at the rear end of the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2) and is on the same axis with the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2), and the end of the ocular lens (4) faces the optical fiber image transmission bundle (2); the imaging camera (3) is used for recording and transmitting images transmitted by the optical fiber image transmission bundle;
and the computer (5) is used for receiving and processing the images transmitted by the imaging camera (3) to obtain a three-dimensional digital matrix of the optimized flame chemiluminescence intensity spatial distribution.
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