CN113091846B - Detection method for determining optimal oil quantity of electric drive system - Google Patents
Detection method for determining optimal oil quantity of electric drive system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113091846B CN113091846B CN202110296386.5A CN202110296386A CN113091846B CN 113091846 B CN113091846 B CN 113091846B CN 202110296386 A CN202110296386 A CN 202110296386A CN 113091846 B CN113091846 B CN 113091846B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 232
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 152
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 226
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 24
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- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011895 specific detection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/02—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by gauge glasses or other apparatus involving a window or transparent tube for directly observing the level to be measured or the level of a liquid column in free communication with the main body of the liquid
Abstract
A detection method for determining the optimal oil quantity of an electric drive system determines the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system by an comparison method; firstly, selecting a single reducer, oiling the reducer according to an optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the single reducer, and measuring working liquid level heights of the single reducer under initial and various different test working conditions to form a standard liquid level height curve; and then placing the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested on a test bench, respectively measuring working liquid level height change curves of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested under initial and various different test working conditions by changing the oil injection quantity, and comparing the obtained working liquid level height change curves of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested with a standard liquid level height curve until the deviation of the two curves meets the requirement, wherein the corresponding oil quantity injected into the cavity of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested is the optimal oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system. The invention determines the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system through the liquid level height comparison, and has the characteristics of simple and reliable detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection test method of an electric drive system to be detected, in particular to a detection method for determining the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system to be detected; the method for detecting the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system to be detected can be used for determining the optimal oil quantity of the lubricating oil injection of the electric drive system to be detected under a certain working condition through a detection test; belongs to the technical field of detection of an electric drive system to be detected.
Background
With the integration and high-efficiency promotion of the electric drive system in the new energy automobile industry, the adoption of an oil cooling motor in the electric drive system becomes a new industry trend. The integrated electric drive system includes an electric drive motor, a speed reducer, and a motor controller. The efficiency of the driving motor and the motor controller is basically determined in the design stage, and only the efficiency of the speed reducer is obviously optimized by adjusting the oil quantity in the cavity after the design is completed. Therefore, on the premise that the structural design of the electric drive system is basically finished, determining an optimal oil amount is significant for further improving the efficiency of the electric drive system. In the traditional electric drive system, a motor and a speed reducer are respectively arranged in independent cavities, and the latest oil-cooled electric drive system adopting an oil-cooled motor is provided with a cavity space together with the motor and the speed reducer. The traditional reduction gearbox oil mass standard is referred to, and the latest oil mass electric drive system has no oil mass determination standard. The electric drive integrated system based on the oil cooling motor and the forced lubrication technology has the advantages that the lubricating oil of the speed reducer provides cooling for the motor, the lubricating oil amount is determined while the mechanical lubrication, the heat dissipation of the motor, the system efficiency and other effects are considered, and compared with the traditional speed reducer, the oil amount determination of the oil cooling electric drive integrated system is a technical difficulty and lacks mature experience reference; in addition, in order to reduce the volume and the weight of the oil cooling electric drive system, the range of the oil duct arrangement space is small, so that the structure of the oil duct is complex. Because the oil duct structure inside the oil cooling electric drive system is complex, and parameters such as pressure, flow and the like of different oil duct sections are not quantitative, the oil quantity with optimal system efficiency is difficult to determine through modeling simulation. It is necessary to provide an optimal oil quantity detection method for an oil-cooled electric drive system with practical operability.
Through patent search, no related patent technical literature report has been found, and the closest paper is the related literature, and the related literature has the following several items:
the patent number is CN201210037300.8, and the name is a 'method for determining preferable oiling amount of gear box lubricating oil', and the patent discloses a method for determining preferable oiling amount of gear box lubricating oil based on lubricating oil temperature and power loss, and belongs to the technical field of gear box lubrication. The method comprises the following steps: setting experimental parameters; and measuring the power loss and the lubricating oil temperature of the gear box under different oiling amounts, further obtaining a relation curve of the power loss, the lubricating oil temperature and the oiling amount, and comparing the oiling amount-the power loss curve and the oiling amount-the lubricating oil temperature curve to obtain the preferable oiling amount of the lubricating oil of the gear box. The method can be used for determining the preferable oiling amount of the gear box lubricating oil under a certain working condition, so that the gear box is fully lubricated and the lower lubricating oil temperature is realized, but the lubricating oil amount of an electric drive system cannot be detected.
Patent number CN201280036874.1 entitled "oil level measurement system and method", discloses a method for determining whether a fluid level in a transmission is satisfactory. The transmission includes a controller and is coupled to a powered vehicle. The method includes measuring a grade of a surface on which the vehicle is located with an inclinometer and measuring a fluid level in the transmission with a fluid sensor. The method also includes transmitting the measured grade and fluid level to the controller and determining a fluid level threshold based on the measured grade. The measured fluid level is compared to a fluid level threshold and based on the comparison, it is determined whether the measured fluid level is satisfactory. The method only detects the fluid level of the transmission fluid, and cannot detect the lubricating oil quantity of the electric drive system.
Patent number CN201921941512.2, entitled "an automatic transmission oil level monitoring system", discloses an automatic transmission oil level monitoring system comprising: the temperature sensor, the liquid level sensor, the gradient sensor and the air pressure sensor are arranged in the gearbox; the output ends of the temperature sensor, the liquid level sensor, the gradient sensor and the air pressure sensor are connected with the output end of the gearbox controller TCU, and the output end of the gearbox controller TCU is connected with the prompting unit; the transmission controller TCU is connected to the engine controller ECU. The automatic monitoring of the liquid level of the automatic gearbox is realized, and in addition, the calibrated liquid level interval in the automatic gearbox is determined based on the oil temperature in the gearbox, the air pressure in the gearbox and the gradient, so that the accuracy of the liquid level monitoring of the variable automatic gearbox is improved. The system can only detect the automatic gearbox, and cannot detect the lubricating oil quantity of the electric drive system.
Through the analysis of the above documents, although researches on the oil quantity of an electric drive system to be detected are carried out, test systems and methods are proposed for lubricating oil distribution; however, in practical use, the methods and the systems are found to be complex, have low accuracy, and lack a simple detection and test method for the specific lubricating oil quantity of the electric drive system to be detected, so that further research is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection method for determining the optimal oil quantity of an electric drive system to be detected, aiming at the defect that the existing detection method for the oil quantity of the lubricating oil of the electric drive system to be detected lacks, and the detection method for determining the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system to be detected can effectively solve the problem that the existing detection method for the oil quantity of the lubricating oil of the electric drive system to be detected does not exist.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a detection method for determining the optimal oil quantity of an electric drive system to be detected, and the detection of the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system is carried out by the comparison method; firstly, selecting a standard single reducer, oiling the single reducer according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the reducer, measuring the working liquid level heights of the single reducer under initial and various different test working conditions, connecting the working liquid level heights under the initial and various different test working conditions to form a change curve, and taking the change curve as a standard liquid level height curve; and then placing the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested on a test bench, respectively measuring the working liquid level height of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested under the initial and various different test working conditions by changing the oil injection quantity, forming a change curve by the detected working liquid level height data, and comparing the obtained working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested with a standard liquid level height curve until the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement, wherein the corresponding oil quantity injected into the cavity of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested is the optimal oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system.
Further, the step of oiling the single speed reducer according to the speed reducer optimal efficiency oil quantity standard refers to the existing single speed reducer optimal efficiency oil quantity standard calculation method for calculating, when the heat balance of a system under reasonable working conditions is considered, the basic oil injection quantity required by the single speed reducer is determined according to the principle that the total heat productivity of the single speed reducer is equal to the total heat dissipation capacity of the single speed reducer, and the basic oil injection quantity is taken as the single speed reducer optimal efficiency oil quantity standard; or the basic oil injection amount detection test is carried out through the temperature detection test to determine the optimal efficiency oil amount standard of the single speed reducer, so as to obtain the optimal basic oil injection amount.
Furthermore, the working liquid level of the single reducer under the initial and various different test working conditions is determined to be the liquid level of the cavity body of the single reducer in a static state by detecting and testing the oil level of the single reducer according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the single reducer, and the working liquid level is called the initial liquid level.
Further, the cavity liquid level height of the single reducer is detected and tested in a static state, a transparent pipe is arranged at the lowest position of the box body of the single reducer, the outlet position of the transparent pipe is arranged at a position higher than the height of the normal liquid level, after the single reducer is filled with oil, the liquid level in the single reducer is displayed through the transparent pipe, after the single reducer is filled with oil according to the best efficiency oil mass standard of the reducer, the cavity liquid level height of the single reducer in the static state is determined by measuring the liquid level height in the transparent pipe.
Further, the liquid level in the transparent tube is detected by using an external height detection device, or the transparent tube is directly carved with a scale, and the scale value on the transparent tube is directly read to determine the liquid level.
Further, the working liquid level of the single reducer under the initial and various different test conditions is measured to be the working liquid level of the single reducer under the specified test conditions, the working liquid level of the single reducer under the various different test conditions is measured under the various different test conditions, then the detection heights of the working liquid level under the various different test conditions are connected together in multiple points to form a working liquid level change curve of the single reducer under the various different test conditions, and the curve is called a standard liquid level curve.
Further, the working liquid level heights of the oil cooling electric drive system to be measured under the initial and various test working conditions are respectively measured, oil is injected according to the oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system calculated in theory, after the oil pump operation is started by the oil cooling electric drive system to be measured according to the design requirement setting oil pump flow speed parameter, the initial liquid level height when the liquid level is not fluctuated is kept still, if the measured initial liquid level height is consistent with the initial liquid level height of the single speed reducer, the next step is directly carried out, if the measured initial liquid level height is inconsistent with the initial liquid level height of the single speed reducer, the oil quantity is adjusted, and the liquid level height of the oil cooling electric drive system is consistent with the initial liquid level height through the continuously adjusted oil quantity, and then the test is stopped; when the oil level is equal to the initial liquid level, the oil amount in the system is referred to as the initial oil amount of the oil-cooled electric drive system.
Further, the oil quantity of the oil-cooling electric drive system calculated according to theory is injected according to the inner cavity volume of the whole oil-cooling electric drive system to be detected, and the oil quantity of the oil-cooling electric drive system is calculated according to theory; the calculation method adopts a conventional calculation method.
Further, the comparison of the obtained working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be measured with the standard liquid level height curve is to compare the working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be measured with a curve formed by the height values of the standard liquid level height curve in the same working condition, and directly calculate the difference value of the liquid level height values in each working condition; if the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement, stopping the test, and further obtaining the oil quantity with the optimal efficiency of the oil cooling electric drive system; otherwise, the oil quantity of the system is adjusted, or the internal structure is adjusted until the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement. When the working liquid level of the oil cooling electric drive system meets the design requirement, the oil quantity corresponding to the inside of the cavity is the optimal efficiency oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system.
Further, the working liquid level is that a transparent pipe communicated with the inner cavity of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured is arranged on the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured, one end of the transparent pipe is connected into the inner cavity of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured and is positioned below the lowest liquid level allowed by the inner cavity of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured, and the other end of the transparent pipe is an opening to the outside and is positioned at the highest position higher than the inner cavity of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured.
Further, the measuring method of the working liquid level comprises the steps of measuring the working liquid level of the transparent pipe under the initial and various different test conditions by utilizing a ruler, or engraving a height value on the transparent pipe, and obtaining the working liquid level by directly reading the working liquid level of the transparent pipe under the initial and various different test conditions.
Further, the detection step of the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system by the comparison method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing an oil cooling electric drive system with an oil quantity to be measured, and preparing a single speed reducer matched with the system;
2) The transparent tube is arranged on the single-body speed reducer, the speed reducer is oiled according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the single-body speed reducer, and the cavity liquid level of the single-body speed reducer in a standing state is tested and is called initial liquid level;
3) The transparent tube is arranged on the single body speed reducer, the speed reducer operates under a specified test working condition, and a working liquid level height change curve of the single body speed reducer is measured by adopting a ruler or directly reading scale values on the transparent tube and is called a standard liquid level height curve;
4) The transparent pipe is arranged on an oil cooling electric drive system with oil quantity to be measured, and oil is injected according to the oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system calculated theoretically; standing the oil cooling electric drive system, starting an oil pump, and setting parameters such as oil pump flow rate and the like according to design requirements; measuring the liquid level of the system at the moment by adopting a ruler or directly reading the scale value on the transparent pipe, and directly carrying out the next step if the liquid level is consistent with the initial liquid level measured in the second step; otherwise, if the measured liquid level is higher than the initial liquid level, discharging a part of medium oil; if the measured liquid level is lower than the initial liquid level, medium oil is added into the cavity; the height of the liquid level of the oil cooling electric drive system is consistent with the initial liquid level height through continuously adjusting the oil quantity, and then the test is stopped; when the oil quantity is consistent with the initial liquid level height, the oil quantity in the system is called the initial oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system;
5) The transparent pipe is arranged on an oil cooling electric drive system with oil quantity to be measured, and oiling is carried out according to the initial oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system measured in the step 4; operating the oil cooling electric drive system under a specified test working condition, measuring a working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system by adopting a ruler or directly reading scale values on a transparent pipe, and comparing the working liquid level height curve of the oil cooling electric drive system under the corresponding working condition with the standard liquid level height curve in the step three; if the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement, stopping the test, and further obtaining the oil quantity with the optimal efficiency of the oil cooling electric drive system; otherwise, the oil quantity of the system is adjusted, or the internal structure is adjusted until the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement. When the working liquid level of the oil cooling electric drive system meets the design requirement, the oil quantity corresponding to the inside of the cavity is the optimal efficiency oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides a method for testing the liquid level of a lubricating medium of a new energy reducer. The working liquid level height change curve measured by the single reduction gearbox is compared with the working liquid level height change curve of the integrated oil-cooled electric drive system, whether the oil quantity in the integrated oil-cooled electric drive system is reasonable or not is judged according to the fitting degree of the two curves, the optimal efficiency of the reduction gearbox in the integrated electric drive system is ensured, the optimal efficiency of the electric drive system is further ensured, and the oil-cooled electric drive system detection device has the characteristics of simplicity, convenience, reliability and easiness in operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a basic flow chart of oil quantity determination according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the appearance of liquid level detection of a single-body speed reducer according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the appearance of liquid level detection of an oil-cooled electric drive system to be tested according to one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the comparison of a working fluid level change curve and a standard fluid level curve of an oil-cooled electric drive system to be tested according to one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and to specific embodiments.
Example 1
A detection method for determining the optimal oil quantity of an electric drive system based on to-be-detected under the WLTC working condition comprises the steps as shown in a figure 1, and the detection of the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system is carried out by adopting an comparison method; the specific detection method comprises the following steps:
1. firstly, determining an oil cooling electric drive system of an oil quantity to be detected, and selecting a single speed reducer 1 which is the same as the oil cooling electric drive system according to the oil cooling electric drive system to be detected;
2. the single reducer 1 is placed on a detection platform, the position of the reducer is placed when the single reducer 1 is detected according to an oil cooling electric drive system, then a liquid level hole is formed in a position below the lowest liquid level position of the single reducer 1, the liquid level hole is communicated with an inner cavity of the single reducer 1, a transparent pipe 2 is connected to the liquid level hole, one end of the transparent pipe 2 is inserted into the liquid level hole 5 of the single reducer 1, and the other end of the transparent pipe is required to ensure that a pipe orifice 3 is higher than the static liquid level height in the cavity. In the test process, the cavity of the single reducer 1 is ensured to be communicated with the atmosphere, and the pipe orifice 3 of one end of the transparent pipe 2 outside the single reducer 1 is opened to be communicated with the atmosphere. The liquid level inside the single reducer 1 and the liquid level of the pipeline at the outer part of the single reducer 1 are kept consistent by utilizing the hydraulic pressure principle, so that the liquid level of the single reducer 1 in the initial and working processes is conveniently observed from the outside (as shown in figure 2);
the oil drain screw hole can be directly arranged on the oil drain screw hole by taking the oil drain screw hole as the lowest position hole; one end of the transparent tube 2 is connected to the bottom oil drain hole of the single reducer 1, and the other end outlet plane is arranged at a plane position higher than the highest liquid level position of the single reducer 1; a layer of filter screen is added at the pipeline inlet of the transparent pipe 2 (the filter screen can prevent foam from entering the transparent pipe to interfere reading because the medium oil can generate a large amount of foam under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure);
the smaller the diameter of the transparent tube is, the better the effect of the liquid volume in the transparent tube on the measured liquid level height is reduced; if the volume of the transparent tube is large, the liquid level measured by the test needs to be corrected;
3. oiling the single reducer 1: after the transparent tube 2 is installed, oiling the single reducer 1; the oiling principle is as follows:
1) If the single speed reducer 1 is the standard single speed reducer 1, oiling the single speed reducer 1 according to the determined oil mass standard of the optimal efficiency of the single speed reducer 1;
2) If the oil filling quantity is the nonstandard single speed reducer 1, determining the optimal oil filling quantity of the nonstandard single speed reducer 1 through theoretical calculation or test in advance, and taking the optimal oil filling quantity as the detected oil filling quantity;
4. detecting the initial liquid level of the single body reducer 1: after oiling, standing for 10-20 minutes, and measuring the liquid level when the transparent tube is stable and does not change any more, wherein the liquid level 6 of the detected monomer reducer 1 in a standing state is called initial liquid level;
the detection method of the initial liquid level comprises the following steps: the liquid level height of the single reducer in a standing state is directly measured by using a flat plate of the detection platform as a reference through the square 4, and the measured height value is set as the initial liquid level height (shown in fig. 2).
5. And (3) manufacturing a standard liquid level height curve: according to the running condition of the single speed reducer 1, selecting a proper parameter as a test working condition, selecting the rotating speed input by the speed changer as a test working condition parameter, and detecting the conditions at different rotating speeds to be used as the test working condition; according to different test working conditions, respectively selecting 500/rpm (revolutions per minute), 1000/rpm, 2000/rpm, 3000/rpm, 4000/rpm, 5000/rpm, 6000/rpm and 7000/rpm as test working conditions, respectively measuring liquid level height values of all working conditions (shown in figure 4), directly measuring and obtaining the liquid level height values of all working conditions by adopting a square under the condition that the operation of all working conditions is stable, recording the height values obtained by all the measurements, and connecting the height values with the initial liquid level height to form a standard liquid level height curve;
6. determining the initial liquid level of the oil-cooled electric drive system 7: the oil cooling electric drive system 7 with the oil quantity to be measured is arranged on a detection test bed, and the installation positions of a transmission in the oil cooling electric drive system 7 and the single reducer 1 are kept consistent; then the transparent tube 2 is arranged on an oil cooling electric drive system 7 of the oil quantity to be measured; the installation mode can be the same as that of the single speed reducer 1, and a system liquid level hole can be arranged at any position lower than the lowest liquid level of the oil cooling electric drive system 7, and the transparent pipe 2 is installed on the system liquid level hole (as shown in figure 3); the system liquid level hole is not limited to the shell oil drain hole of the reduction gearbox, and can be formed in the shell of the motor, so long as the position of the system liquid level hole is ensured to be below the lowest liquid point of the electric drive system; then oiling according to the calculated oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system 7; after the oiling is finished, the liquid level of the transparent tube 2 is stable and does not change any more, and the liquid level height of the transparent tube 2 on the oil cooling electric drive system 7 is measured by utilizing the square 4 in the mode of the single speed reducer 1; if the initial liquid level height of the single speed reducer measured in the step four is consistent with that of the single speed reducer, the next step is directly carried out; otherwise, if the measured liquid level is higher than the initial liquid level, discharging a part of medium oil; if the measured liquid level is lower than the initial liquid level, medium oil is added into the cavity; the height of the liquid level of the oil cooling electric drive system is consistent with the initial liquid level height through continuously adjusting the oil quantity, and then the test is stopped; when the oil quantity is consistent with the initial liquid level height, the oil quantity in the system is called the initial oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system;
7. detecting a working liquid level height change curve of the oil-cooled electric drive system 7 to be detected: after the initial oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system 7 is measured, the oil cooling electric drive system 7 is started, the oil cooling electric drive system 7 is operated according to the detection parameters which are the same as those of the single speed reducer 1, the liquid level height value under each parameter is detected, and the liquid level height value under each working condition is connected with the initial liquid level height record under the initial oil quantity to form a working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be measured;
8. and comparing and determining the optimal oil injection quantity of the oil-cooled electric drive system 7 to be tested: comparing the working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system 7 to be tested with the standard liquid level height curve of the single speed reducer 1, and detecting the difference value of the two curves; if the difference value is within the determined allowable range, the corresponding oil quantity filled into the cavity of the oil cooling electric drive system 7 to be detected at the moment can be determined to be the optimal oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system 7; if the difference is too large, this adjusts the filling level until the difference is within the allowable range.
What needs to be further explained is: the method comprises the steps that the single-body speed reducer 1 is filled with oil according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the speed reducer, the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the existing single-body speed reducer 1 is determined, the oil can be calculated and determined through a calculation method, when the heat balance of a system under reasonable working conditions is considered, the basic oil filling quantity required by the single-body speed reducer 1 is determined according to the principle that the total heating value of the single-body speed reducer 1 is equal to the total heat dissipation capacity of the single-body speed reducer, and the basic oil filling quantity is used as the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the single-body speed reducer 1; or the basic oil injection amount detection test is carried out through the temperature detection test, and the optimal efficiency oil amount standard of the single speed reducer 1 is determined, so that the optimal basic oil injection amount is obtained.
The working liquid level of the single reducer 1 under the initial and various different test working conditions is measured, the single reducer 1 is filled with oil according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the reducer, and the liquid level of the cavity of the single reducer 1 in a static state is measured and is called the initial liquid level.
The oil quantity of the oil-cooling electric drive system calculated according to theory is injected according to the inner cavity volume of the whole oil-cooling electric drive system to be detected, and the oil quantity of the oil-cooling electric drive system is calculated according to theory; the calculation method adopts a conventional calculation method.
In addition, assuming that the transparent tube volume of the test is small, the liquid level read during the test ignores the amount of liquid in the transparent tube. If the volume cannot be ignored, the directly read liquid level height needs to be corrected; and the working liquid level height in the high-efficiency section of the driving motor in the oil-cooled electric drive system or under the common working condition of the whole vehicle is guaranteed to be consistent with the standard liquid level height curve to the greatest extent. Under other conditions, deviations of the system's fluid level from the standard fluid level may be acceptable.
Example two
The basic method of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the detection modes are different, so that the obtained curves can be different; the method for detecting the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system to be detected comprises the steps of detecting the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system by the comparison method; firstly, selecting a standard single reducer, oiling the single reducer according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the reducer, measuring the working liquid level heights of the single reducer under initial and various different test working conditions, connecting the working liquid level heights under the initial and various different test working conditions to form a change curve, and taking the change curve as a standard liquid level height curve; and then placing the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested on a test bench, respectively measuring the working liquid level height of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested under the initial and various different test working conditions by changing the oil injection quantity, forming a change curve by the detected working liquid level height data, and comparing the obtained working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested with a standard liquid level height curve until the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement, wherein the corresponding oil quantity injected into the cavity of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested is the optimal oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system.
The specific detection mode comprises the same steps as those of the embodiment, but different detection measurement methods are adopted, in the embodiment, scale values are carved on a transparent pipe, when the liquid level height is detected and determined, only the scale values on the transparent pipe are needed to be directly read, the working liquid level heights of a single speed reducer and an oil cooling electric drive system to be detected under the initial and various different test working conditions are determined by reading the working liquid level heights on the transparent pipe, a standard liquid level height curve and a working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be detected are respectively formed, the obtained working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be detected is compared with the standard liquid level height curve, until the deviation between the two curves meets design requirements, and then the corresponding oil quantity filled into the cavity of the oil cooling electric drive system to be detected is the optimal oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system.
Example III
The basic method of the third embodiment is the same as that of the third embodiment, and the working conditions are different, so that the obtained comparison curves of the optimal oil injection amount are different; the method for detecting the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system to be detected comprises the steps of detecting the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system by the comparison method; firstly, selecting a standard single reducer, oiling the single reducer according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the reducer, measuring the working liquid level heights of the single reducer under initial and various different test working conditions, connecting the working liquid level heights under the initial and various different test working conditions to form a change curve, and taking the change curve as a standard liquid level height curve; and then placing the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested on a test bench, respectively measuring the working liquid level height of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested under the initial and various different test working conditions by changing the oil injection quantity, forming a change curve by the detected working liquid level height data, and comparing the obtained working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested with a standard liquid level height curve until the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement, wherein the corresponding oil quantity injected into the cavity of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested is the optimal oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system.
And the operating temperature parameters of the single speed reducer and the oil-cooled electric drive system to be detected are selected to be detected, the operating temperatures of the single speed reducer and the oil-cooled electric drive system to be detected are monitored by a temperature sensor during operation, and the difference value is controlled in an allowable range by comparing different liquid level heights at the same temperature so as to determine the optimal oil quantity of the oil-cooled electric drive system.
The calculation of the theoretical basic oil injection quantity can be performed by referring to the existing calculation method, and when the heat balance of a system under reasonable working conditions is considered, the basic oil injection quantity required by the cooling of the oil-cooled electric drive integrated system is determined according to the principle that the total heat productivity of the system is equal to the total heat dissipation capacity of the system; however, the existing calculation method is imperfect, and the basic oil injection amount detection test can be carried out through the temperature detection test to determine, so that the theoretical basic oil injection amount of the single speed reducer and the theoretical basic oil injection amount of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be detected are obtained.
The above-listed embodiments are only to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; it should be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments, and that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "middle", etc. used in this specification are also for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, but rather the relative relationships thereof may be altered or modified without materially altering the technology to the extent that the invention may be practiced. Meanwhile, the structures, proportions, sizes and the like shown in the drawings are only used for being matched with the disclosure of the specification, so that people skilled in the art can know and read the structures, proportions and sizes, and the like, and are not limited by the practical limit conditions of the invention, so that the structure modification, the proportion relation change or the size adjustment do not have any technical significance, and all fall within the scope covered by the technical disclosure of the invention under the condition that the effect and the achieved aim of the invention are not affected. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the invention, the electric drive system to be detected is prevented from being arranged on the detection bench through analysis, the optimal lubricating oil quantity of the electric drive system to be detected is detected through detecting the working condition system efficiency under different oil quantities, the defect that no method for determining the lubricating oil quantity of the electric drive system to be detected exists at present is effectively overcome, the electric drive system to be detected has practical operation value, and the lubricating oil quantity required by the electric drive system to be detected can be measured at any time according to the standard circulation working condition of the electric drive system to be detected. The method has the characteristics of simplicity, convenience, reliability and easiness in operation.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides a method for testing the liquid level of a lubricating medium of a new energy reducer. The working liquid level height change curve measured by the single reduction gearbox is compared with the working liquid level height change curve of the integrated oil-cooled electric drive system, whether the oil quantity in the integrated oil-cooled electric drive system is reasonable or not is judged according to the fitting degree of the two curves, the optimal efficiency of the reduction gearbox in the integrated electric drive system is ensured, the optimal efficiency of the electric drive system is further ensured, and the oil-cooled electric drive system detection device has the characteristics of simplicity, convenience, reliability and easiness in operation.
The inventor finds that the oil stirring loss of the speed reducer influences the proportion increase in the efficiency of the speed reducer box along with the increase of the rotating speed of the electric drive system. The system oil quantity directly affects the oil stirring loss of the speed reducer. The splash lubrication of the speed reducer is realized by stirring up the lubricating oil stored at the bottom of the cavity in gear engagement and forming a layer of oil film on the surface of the gear. The oil stirring loss is the efficiency loss caused by the gravity and the efficiency loss caused by stirring the lubricating oil stored at the bottom of the cavity in the process of meshing the gears. The oil stirring condition of the gear can be directly influenced by the liquid level in the cavity, and the oil stirring loss is reduced by reducing the oil quantity in the reduction gearbox on the premise of meeting gear lubrication, so that the reduction gearbox is one of main ideas for improving the efficiency. Therefore, the working liquid level height measured by the speed reducer in the single speed reducer cavity is kept as consistent as possible with the working liquid level height measured in the integrated electric drive system, so that the efficiency of a speed reduction box in the oil cooling electric drive system is optimal, and the system efficiency of the oil cooling electric drive system is optimal. When the liquid level of the system is adjusted to a reasonable position, the oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system is also determined.
According to the invention, the single reducer is filled with oil according to a set of oil quantity determination standard which aims at the best lubrication and efficiency of the reducer. And adopting a ruler or directly reading the test liquid level height of the scale value on the transparent pipe to obtain a working liquid level height change curve of the speed reducer, taking the curve as a standard for determining the working liquid level height of the oil-cooled electric drive system, and continuously adjusting the oil quantity and design of the oil-cooled electric drive system to enable the working liquid level height curve of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be fitted with the standard curve as much as possible until the fitting degree reaches a target value, thereby obtaining the oil quantity with optimal system efficiency.
Claims (11)
1. A detection method for determining the optimal oil quantity of an electric drive system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: detecting the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system by an comparison method; firstly, selecting a standard single reducer, oiling the single reducer according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the reducer, measuring the working liquid level heights of the single reducer under initial and various different test working conditions, connecting the working liquid level heights under the initial and various different test working conditions to form a change curve, and taking the change curve as a standard liquid level height curve; then placing the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested on a test bench, respectively measuring the working liquid level height of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested under the initial and various different test working conditions by changing the oil injection quantity, forming a change curve by the detected working liquid level height data, and comparing the obtained working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested with a standard liquid level height curve until the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement, wherein the corresponding oil quantity injected into the cavity of the oil cooling electric drive system to be tested is the optimal oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system; the method for detecting the optimal oil quantity of the electric drive system by the comparison method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing an oil cooling electric drive system with oil quantity to be measured, and preparing a single reducer matched with the system;
secondly, mounting a transparent tube on the single-body speed reducer, oiling the speed reducer according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the single-body speed reducer, and testing the cavity liquid level height of the single-body speed reducer in a standing state, namely the initial liquid level height;
thirdly, the transparent tube is arranged on the single body speed reducer, the speed reducer operates under a specified test working condition, and a working liquid level height change curve of the single body speed reducer is measured by adopting a ruler or directly reading scale values on the transparent tube and is called a standard liquid level height curve;
fourthly, installing the transparent pipe on an oil cooling electric drive system with oil quantity to be measured, and injecting oil according to the oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system calculated theoretically; standing the oil cooling electric drive system, starting an oil pump, and setting parameters such as oil pump flow rate and the like according to design requirements; measuring the liquid level of the system at the moment by adopting a ruler or directly reading the scale value on the transparent pipe, and directly carrying out the next step if the liquid level is consistent with the initial liquid level measured in the second step; otherwise, if the measured liquid level is higher than the initial liquid level, discharging a part of medium oil; if the measured liquid level is lower than the initial liquid level, medium oil is added into the cavity; the height of the liquid level of the oil cooling electric drive system is consistent with the initial liquid level height through continuously adjusting the oil quantity, and then the test is stopped; when the oil quantity is consistent with the initial liquid level height, the oil quantity in the system is called the initial oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system;
5. the transparent pipe is arranged on an oil cooling electric drive system with oil quantity to be measured, and oil is injected according to the initial oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system measured in the step four; operating the oil cooling electric drive system under a specified test working condition, measuring a working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system by adopting a ruler or directly reading scale values on a transparent pipe, and comparing the working liquid level height curve of the oil cooling electric drive system under the corresponding working condition with the standard liquid level height curve in the step three; if the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement, stopping the test, and further obtaining the oil quantity with the optimal efficiency of the oil cooling electric drive system; otherwise, the oil quantity of the system is adjusted, or the internal structure is adjusted until the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement; when the working liquid level of the oil cooling electric drive system meets the design requirement, the oil quantity corresponding to the inside of the cavity is the optimal efficiency oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system.
2. The method for determining an optimal oil amount for an electric drive system according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the steps that according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the speed reducer, oiling is carried out on the single speed reducer, the calculation is carried out according to the existing optimal efficiency oil quantity standard calculation method of the single speed reducer, when the heat balance of a system under reasonable working conditions is considered, the basic oil quantity required by the single speed reducer is determined according to the principle that the total heat productivity of the single speed reducer is equal to the total heat dissipation capacity of the single speed reducer, and the basic oil quantity is taken as the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the single speed reducer; or the basic oil injection amount detection test is carried out through the temperature detection test to determine the optimal efficiency oil amount standard of the single speed reducer, so as to obtain the optimal basic oil injection amount.
3. The method for determining an optimal oil amount for an electric drive system according to claim 1, wherein: the working liquid level of the single reducer under the initial and various different test working conditions is measured, the single reducer is filled with oil according to the optimal efficiency oil quantity standard of the reducer, and the liquid level of the cavity of the single reducer under the static state is measured and is called the initial liquid level.
4. A method of determining an optimal oil level for an electric drive system as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the device is characterized in that a transparent pipe is arranged at the lowest position of a box body of the single reducer, an outlet position of the transparent pipe is arranged at a position higher than the height of a normal liquid level, after the single reducer is filled with oil, the liquid level in the single reducer is displayed through the transparent pipe, after the single reducer is filled with oil according to the optimal oil level standard of the reducer, the liquid level in the transparent pipe is measured, and the liquid level of the single reducer in the static state is determined.
5. The method for determining an optimal oil amount for an electric drive system according to claim 4, wherein: the liquid level in the transparent tube is detected by using an external height detection device, or the transparent tube is directly carved with a scale, and the scale value on the transparent tube is directly read to determine the liquid level.
6. The method for determining an optimal oil amount for an electric drive system according to claim 1, wherein: the working liquid level height of the single reducer under the initial and various different test working conditions is measured to be the working liquid level height of the single reducer under the specified test working conditions, the working liquid level height of the single reducer under the various different test working conditions is measured under the various different test working conditions, then the detection heights of the working liquid level heights under the various different test working conditions are connected together in a multi-point mode to form a working liquid level height change curve of the single reducer under the various different test working conditions, and the curve is called a standard liquid level height curve.
7. The method for determining an optimal oil amount for an electric drive system according to claim 1, wherein: the working liquid level heights of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured under the initial and various test working conditions are respectively measured, oil is injected according to the oil quantity of the oil-cooled electric drive system calculated in theory, after the oil pump operation is started by the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured according to the design requirement setting oil pump flow rate parameters, the initial liquid level height is measured when the liquid level is not fluctuated after standing, if the measured initial liquid level height is consistent with the initial liquid level height of the single speed reducer, the next step is directly carried out, if the measured initial liquid level height is inconsistent with the initial liquid level height of the single speed reducer, the oil quantity is adjusted, and the liquid level height of the oil-cooled electric drive system is consistent with the initial liquid level height through continuously adjusted oil quantity, and then the test is stopped; when the oil level is equal to the initial liquid level, the oil amount in the system is referred to as the initial oil amount of the oil-cooled electric drive system.
8. The method for determining an optimal oil amount for an electric drive system according to claim 7, wherein: the oil quantity of the oil-cooling electric drive system calculated according to theory is injected according to the inner cavity volume of the whole oil-cooling electric drive system to be detected, and the oil quantity of the oil-cooling electric drive system is calculated according to theory; the calculation method adopts a conventional calculation method.
9. The method for determining an optimal oil amount for an electric drive system according to claim 1, wherein: the comparison of the obtained working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be detected with the standard liquid level height curve is to compare the working liquid level height change curve of the oil cooling electric drive system to be detected with a curve formed by the height values of the standard liquid level height curve in the same working condition, and the difference value of the liquid level height values in each working condition is directly calculated; if the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement, stopping the test, and further obtaining the oil quantity with the optimal efficiency of the oil cooling electric drive system; otherwise, the oil quantity of the system is adjusted, or the internal structure is adjusted until the deviation between the two curves meets the design requirement; when the working liquid level of the oil cooling electric drive system meets the design requirement, the oil quantity corresponding to the inside of the cavity is the optimal efficiency oil quantity of the oil cooling electric drive system.
10. The detection method for determining an optimal oil amount of an electric drive system according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that: the working liquid level is that a transparent pipe communicated with the inner cavity of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured is arranged on the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured, one end of the transparent pipe is connected into the inner cavity of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured and positioned below the lowest liquid level allowed by the inner cavity of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured, and the other end of the transparent pipe is an opening to the outside and positioned at the highest position higher than the inner cavity of the oil-cooled electric drive system to be measured.
11. The method for determining an optimal oil amount for an electric drive system according to claim 10, wherein: the measuring method of the working liquid level comprises the steps of measuring the working liquid level height of the transparent pipe under the initial and various different test working conditions by utilizing a ruler, or engraving a height value on the transparent pipe, and obtaining the working liquid level height by directly reading the working liquid level height of the transparent pipe under the initial and various different test working conditions.
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