CN113090453B - Control method and device of wind generating set and wind generating set - Google Patents
Control method and device of wind generating set and wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/101—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method and device of a wind generating set and the wind generating set. The control method comprises the following steps: dividing a wind speed range of the wind generating set before reaching a rated wind speed into a plurality of wind speed sections; aiming at each wind speed section, establishing a corresponding relation between theoretical maximum output power and a corresponding theoretical rotating speed and between actual maximum output power and a corresponding actual rotating speed in the wind speed section; acquiring real-time wind speed and real-time output power of a wind generating set, and determining a wind speed section where the real-time wind speed is located and the corresponding relation in the wind speed section; and determining a rotation speed increment according to the corresponding relation between the real-time output power and the wind speed section in which the real-time wind speed is positioned, and controlling the operation of the wind generating set according to the rotation speed increment. The control method can quickly and accurately track the maximum output power according to the change of the wind speed, so as to obtain the wind energy to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a control method and device of a wind generating set and the wind generating set.
Background
Under the condition of a certain wind speed, how to obtain wind energy to the maximum extent is a constant pursuit of a wind generating set. The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control strategy applied to the wind generating set aims to enable the rotating speed of a wind wheel to quickly track the change of the wind speed, so that the wind generating set always runs at the optimal tip speed ratio, and the wind energy is obtained to the Maximum extent.
The existing MPPT control strategy has many problems, for example, the MPPT control strategy is greatly influenced by the operating environment of a wind generating set, the maximum power point tracking accuracy is low, the maximum power point tracking time is too long, the engineering application difficulty is high, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is to provide a control method and apparatus for a wind turbine generator system, and a wind turbine generator system, so as to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned disadvantages.
In one general aspect, there is provided a control method of a wind turbine generator system, the control method including: dividing a wind speed range of the wind generating set before reaching a rated wind speed into a plurality of wind speed sections; aiming at each wind speed section, establishing a corresponding relation between theoretical maximum output power and corresponding theoretical rotating speed in the wind speed section and between actual maximum output power and corresponding actual rotating speed; acquiring real-time wind speed and real-time output power of a wind generating set, and determining a wind speed section where the real-time wind speed is located and the corresponding relation in the wind speed section; and determining a rotation speed increment according to the corresponding relation between the real-time output power and the wind speed section in which the real-time wind speed is positioned, and controlling the operation of the wind generating set according to the rotation speed increment.
Optionally, for each wind speed segment, the step of establishing a corresponding relationship between the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotational speed and between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotational speed in the wind speed segment includes: and establishing a two-dimensional array taking the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotating speed in the wind speed section as a first dimension and taking the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in the wind speed section as a second dimension.
Optionally, the step of determining the rotational speed increment comprises: calculating an allowable power difference in a wind speed section at the previous moment according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section at the previous moment; determining whether the wind speed section of the current wind speed is the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment; if the wind speed section of the current wind speed is the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment, determining whether the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment is smaller than the allowable power difference; if the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power is smaller than the allowable power difference, determining that the rotation speed increment is zero; and if the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power is not less than the allowable power difference, determining the rotating speed increment as the difference between the theoretical rotating speed and the current rotating speed in the wind speed section in which the wind speed is positioned at the previous moment.
Optionally, the step of determining the rotation speed increment further comprises: and if the wind speed section of the current wind speed is not the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment, determining the rotating speed increment as the difference between the theoretical rotating speed and the current rotating speed in the wind speed section of the current wind speed.
Optionally, the allowable power difference in the wind speed section in which the wind speed is located at the previous time is half of the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section.
Optionally, the step of controlling the operation of the wind turbine generator set according to the rotational speed increment comprises: and adjusting the real-time rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the rotating speed increment until the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous moment is smaller than the allowable power difference.
Optionally, the control method further includes: and acquiring the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in each wind speed section according to the historical operating data of the wind generating set.
Optionally, the control method further includes: determining whether the current output power of the wind generating set is larger than the actual maximum output power in a wind speed section where the current wind speed is located; and if the current output power is larger than the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section, updating the corresponding relation between the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section and the corresponding actual rotating speed into the corresponding relation between the current output power and the current rotating speed.
In another general aspect, there is provided a control apparatus of a wind turbine generator system, the control apparatus including: the wind speed section dividing unit is configured to divide a wind speed range of the wind generating set before reaching a rated wind speed into a plurality of wind speed sections; a corresponding relation establishing unit configured to establish, for each wind speed segment, a corresponding relation between the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotational speed, and between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotational speed within the wind speed segment; the data acquisition unit is configured to acquire real-time wind speed and real-time output power of the wind generating set; the rotating speed increment determining unit is configured to determine a wind speed section where the real-time wind speed is located and the corresponding relation in the wind speed section, and determine a rotating speed increment according to the real-time output power and the corresponding relation in the wind speed section where the real-time wind speed is located; a control unit configured to control operation of the wind turbine generator set in accordance with the rotational speed increment.
Optionally, the correspondence relationship establishing unit is further configured to: and establishing a two-dimensional array taking the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotating speed in the wind speed section as a first dimension and taking the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in the wind speed section as a second dimension for each wind speed section.
Optionally, the rotation speed increment determination unit is further configured to: calculating an allowable power difference in a wind speed section at the previous moment according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section at the previous moment; determining whether the wind speed section of the current wind speed is the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment; if the wind speed section of the current wind speed is the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment, determining whether the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment is smaller than the allowable power difference; if the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power is smaller than the allowable power difference, determining that the rotation speed increment is zero; and if the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power is not less than the allowable power difference, determining the rotating speed increment as the difference between the theoretical rotating speed and the current rotating speed in the wind speed section in which the wind speed is positioned at the previous moment.
Optionally, the rotation speed increment determination unit is further configured to: and if the wind speed section of the current wind speed is not the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment, determining the rotating speed increment as the difference between the theoretical rotating speed and the current rotating speed in the wind speed section of the current wind speed.
Optionally, the rotation speed increment determination unit is further configured to: and calculating one half of the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous moment to serve as the allowable power difference in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous moment.
Optionally, the control unit is further configured to: and adjusting the real-time rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the rotating speed increment until the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous moment is smaller than the allowable power difference.
Optionally, the correspondence relationship establishing unit is further configured to: and acquiring the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in each wind speed section according to the historical operating data of the wind generating set.
Optionally, the correspondence relationship establishing unit is further configured to: determining whether the current output power of the wind generating set is larger than the actual maximum output power in a wind speed section where the current wind speed is located; and if the current output power is larger than the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section, updating the corresponding relation between the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section and the corresponding actual rotating speed into the corresponding relation between the current output power and the current rotating speed.
In another general aspect, there is provided a wind park comprising a control device as described above.
In another general aspect, there is provided a computing apparatus including a computer-readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that when executed by a processor implement the control method as described above, and a processor.
In another general aspect, there is provided a controller of a wind park, the controller being configured to perform the control method as described above.
By adopting the control method and device of the wind generating set and the wind generating set, the wind speed range is segmented and the output power is fed back in real time, and the rotating speed increment is determined based on the fed back output power and the corresponding wind speed segment, so that the problem that the rotating speed increment in a hill climbing algorithm is difficult to determine can be effectively avoided, and the problem that the control performance of the wind generating set is reduced due to small fluctuation of the wind speed can be avoided. The allowable power difference can be calculated according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power, so that the influence of parameter change in the real-time operation process of the wind generating set on the accuracy of tracking the maximum output power can be effectively avoided, and the overlong tracking time of the maximum output power of the wind generating set caused by the fact that the theoretical maximum output power is difficult to reach can be avoided. The wind energy is maximally obtained by rapidly and accurately tracking the maximum output power according to the wind speed variation using a hybrid control strategy based on a power signal feedback algorithm and a hill-climbing algorithm.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of a control arrangement of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary two-dimensional array in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial flow diagram of a control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is another partial flow chart of a control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is another partial flowchart of a control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control strategy of the wind generating set can be realized by adopting an optimal tip speed ratio algorithm, a Power signal feedback algorithm, a hill climbing algorithm, a three-Point comparison algorithm, a fuzzy logic control algorithm, a duty ratio disturbance algorithm and the like. The hill climbing algorithm does not need any wind measuring device, has low requirements on the power characteristics of the wind generating set, has strong adaptability, small system dependence and the like, and can adjust the amplitude of disturbance increment through the change of wind speed increment so that the wind generating set can quickly track the optimal rotating speed under different wind conditions, thereby increasing the adaptability to different wind speeds. However, the disturbance increment design of the fixed-step hill climbing method has certain difficulty: the increment is too small, the system adjusting process is slow, the risk of system fluctuation exists when the increment is too large, and the control effect of the variable-step hill climbing algorithm is poor near the maximum power point. The control performance in the power signal feedback algorithm depends on the difference between the generation environment of the optimal power curve and the actual operation environment of the unit to a great extent, and the optimal power curve cannot be achieved in the actual operation process of the unit, and the control performance of the unit is affected. The three-point comparison algorithm is used for adjusting the rotating speed to realize maximum power tracking by comparing three mechanical powers with different rotating speeds, so that the machine side power loss caused by disturbance of a machine set at the maximum power point can be avoided, but the adaptability to wind speed change is poor. The fuzzy logic search method can realize intelligent variable-step tracking of the maximum power of the generator by establishing a membership function of power increment, last rotation speed increment and output rotation speed increment, but the determination of key links such as a fuzzy set, a membership function shape, rule table formulation and the like depends on the experience of designers, and has certain difficulty in engineering application.
As described above, there are many disadvantages in applying the above algorithm to the MPPT control strategy of the wind turbine generator set alone, but the hybrid control strategy based on the hill-climbing algorithm and the power signal feedback algorithm proposed in the present invention can effectively avoid the above disadvantages.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some exemplary embodiments are shown, but to which the invention is not limited.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a control device 10 of a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The control device 10 may include a wind speed segment dividing unit 101, a correspondence relation establishing unit 102, a data acquiring unit 103, a rotational speed increment determining unit 104, and a control unit 105.
The wind speed segment division unit 101 may divide a wind speed range before the wind turbine generator set reaches a rated wind speed into a plurality of wind speed segments, for example, the wind speed range may be a cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine generator set to the rated wind speed, and the wind speed segment division unit 101 may equally or unequally divide the wind speed range into m wind speed segments (m is a natural number greater than 1). Meanwhile, the wind speed segment dividing unit 101 may set a value of m according to an actual requirement, and the greater the value of m is, the higher the accuracy of tracking the maximum output power of the wind turbine generator system by the control device 10 is.
The correspondence relationship establishing unit 102 may establish, for each wind speed segment, a correspondence relationship between the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotational speed, and a correspondence relationship between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotational speed in the wind speed segment. For example, the correspondence relationship establishing unit 102 may obtain the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotational speed of each wind speed segment according to the theoretical maximum output power curve of the wind turbine generator system, and accordingly establish the correspondence relationship. The theoretical maximum output power curve may be provided by the manufacturer of the wind turbine generator system, or may be a maximum output power curve under ideal operating conditions derived from characteristics of the wind turbine generator system. In addition, the corresponding relationship establishing unit 102 may obtain the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotation speed in each wind speed segment according to the historical operation data of the wind turbine generator system, and accordingly establish the corresponding relationship.
FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary two-dimensional array to present correspondences in accordance with the present invention.
In the example shown in fig. 2, the correspondence relation establishing unit 102 may establish, for each wind speed segment, a two-dimensional array having a first dimension of the theoretical maximum output power P1 and the corresponding theoretical rotational speed N1 in the wind speed segment and a second dimension of the actual maximum output power P2 and the corresponding actual rotational speed N2 in the wind speed segment, so as to present a correspondence relation between the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotational speed, and a correspondence relation between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotational speed in each wind speed segment.
The data acquisition unit 103 may acquire a real-time wind speed and a real-time output power of the wind turbine generator system. The data acquisition unit 103 may also acquire a real-time rotation speed of the wind turbine generator set. The obtained real-time wind speed, real-time output power and real-time rotating speed correspond to the whole operation process of the wind generating set.
In the operation process of the wind turbine generator system, the data obtaining unit 103 may obtain the real-time wind speed of the wind turbine generator system through a wind speed measuring device (e.g., a wind measuring radar, a wind speed sensor), may obtain the real-time output power of the wind turbine generator system through a power measuring device, and may also obtain the real-time rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system through a rotation speed measuring device.
The rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may receive the real-time wind speed, the real-time output power and/or the real-time rotation speed from the data acquiring unit 103, and may receive the divided wind speed segments from the wind speed segment dividing unit 101. Further, the speed increment determination unit 104 may determine a wind speed section in which the real-time wind speed is located. Furthermore, the rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may also receive the correspondence relationship of the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotation speed, and the correspondence relationship of the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotation speed for each wind speed segment from the correspondence relationship establishing unit 102. For example, the rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may receive the two-dimensional array of the plurality of wind speed segments from the correspondence establishing unit 102, and then determine the correspondence between the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotation speed, and the correspondence between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotation speed in the wind speed segment according to the wind speed segment in which the real-time wind speed is located.
The rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may determine the rotation speed increment of the wind turbine generator system according to the real-time output power and the corresponding relationship in the wind speed segment in which the real-time wind speed is located.
In an example of the present invention, the rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may calculate an allowable power difference in a wind speed section in which the real-time wind speed is located according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section in which the real-time wind speed is located. For example, but not limited to, the allowable power difference in the wind speed segment may be one half of the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed segment, i.e., dp = (P1-P2)/2, where Dp is the allowable power difference in the wind speed segment, and P1 and P2 are the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed segment, respectively. By calculating the allowable power difference according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power, the influence of parameter change in the real-time operation process of the wind generating set on the accuracy of tracking the maximum output power can be effectively avoided, and the overlong tracking time of the maximum output power of the wind generating set caused by the fact that the theoretical maximum output power is difficult to reach can be avoided.
In an example of the present invention, the rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may calculate an allowable power difference in a wind speed section at a previous time point according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section at the wind speed at the previous time point. Alternatively, the rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may calculate an allowable power difference in the wind speed section at which the current wind speed is located according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section at which the current wind speed is located, so as to determine the rotation speed increment at the next moment.
In an example of the present invention, the rotational speed increment determination unit 104 may determine whether the wind speed section in which the current wind speed is located is the wind speed section in which the wind speed was located at the previous time.
If the wind speed section in which the current wind speed is located is the wind speed section in which the wind speed is located at the previous time, the rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may determine whether a difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section in which the wind speed is located at the previous time is smaller than an allowable power difference in the wind speed section in which the wind speed is located at the previous time. If the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous time is smaller than the allowable power difference in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous time, the rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may determine that the rotation speed increment is zero, and stop the maximum output power tracking. Otherwise, the rotation speed increment determining unit 104 may determine that the rotation speed increment is a difference between the theoretical rotation speed and the current rotation speed in the wind speed segment in which the wind speed is located at the previous time.
If the wind speed segment in which the current wind speed is located is not the wind speed segment in which the wind speed was located at the previous time, the rotational speed increment determination unit 104 may determine that the rotational speed increment is a difference between the theoretical rotational speed and the current rotational speed in the wind speed segment in which the current wind speed is located.
The control unit 105 may receive the rotational speed increment from the rotational speed increment determination unit 104 and control the operation of the wind park according to the rotational speed increment. In an example of the present invention, the control unit 105 may adjust the real-time rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system according to the rotation speed increment until the difference between the theoretical maximum output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous time and the current output power is smaller than the allowable power difference in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous time, that is, the rotation speed increment is zero.
In the process of the control unit 105 adjusting the real-time rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system according to the rotation speed increment, the control unit 105 may use a hill-climbing algorithm to adjust the real-time rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system according to the rotation speed increment to track the maximum output power satisfying the above condition based on the allowable power difference.
As described above, by feeding back the output power in real time and determining the rotation speed increment based on the fed-back output power, the problem that the rotation speed increment in the hill climbing algorithm is difficult to determine can be effectively avoided, and the problem that the control performance of the wind generating set is reduced due to small fluctuation of the wind speed can be avoided.
By calculating the allowable power difference according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power, the influence of parameter change in the real-time operation process of the wind generating set on the accuracy of tracking the maximum output power can be effectively avoided, and the overlong tracking time of the maximum output power of the wind generating set caused by the fact that the theoretical maximum output power is difficult to reach can be avoided.
Therefore, the maximum output power can be quickly and accurately tracked according to the change of the wind speed by using a hybrid control strategy based on a power signal feedback algorithm and a hill climbing algorithm, so that the wind energy can be maximally obtained.
In addition, the corresponding relationship establishing unit 102 may further obtain the current wind speed, the current output power and the current rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system from the data obtaining unit 103, and determine whether the current output power is greater than the actual maximum output power in the wind speed segment where the current wind speed is located. If the current output power is greater than the actual maximum output power in the wind speed segment, the corresponding relationship establishing unit 102 may update the corresponding relationship between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotational speed in the wind speed segment to the corresponding relationship between the current output power and the current rotational speed. In this way, the corresponding relationship between the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotational speed in each wind speed segment and the corresponding relationship between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotational speed can be updated in real time through the corresponding relationship establishing unit 102, so that the accuracy of tracking the maximum output power is improved.
There is also provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention a wind park comprising a control device 10 of the wind park.
A control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 3 to 5.
In step S101, a wind speed range before reaching a rated wind speed may be divided into a plurality of wind speed segments. For example, the wind speed range may be a cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine generator set up to a rated wind speed, and the wind speed range may be divided equally or unequally into m wind speed segments (m being a natural number greater than 1). The value of m can be set according to actual requirements, and the larger the value of m is, the higher the accuracy of tracking the maximum output power of the wind generating set is.
And S102, establishing a corresponding relation between the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotating speed and a corresponding relation between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in each wind speed section. For example, the theoretical maximum output power of each wind speed segment and the corresponding theoretical rotation speed can be obtained according to the theoretical maximum output power curve of the wind generating set, and the corresponding relation is established accordingly. The theoretical maximum output power curve may be provided by the manufacturer of the wind turbine generator system, or may be a maximum output power curve under ideal operating conditions derived from characteristics of the wind turbine generator system. In addition, the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in each wind speed section can be obtained according to historical operating data of the wind generating set, and the corresponding relation is correspondingly established. The correspondence may be a two-dimensional array as shown in fig. 2.
Step S103, the real-time wind speed and the real-time output power of the wind generating set can be obtained.
Step S104, a wind speed segment where the real-time wind speed is located, a corresponding relationship between the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotational speed in the wind speed segment, and a corresponding relationship between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotational speed may be determined.
In step S105, an allowable power difference in the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous time may be calculated according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous time. For example, but not limited thereto, the allowable power difference in the wind speed segment may be one half of the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed segment, i.e. Dp = (P1-P2)/2, where Dp is the allowable power difference in the wind speed segment, and P1 and P2 are the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed segment, respectively.
In step S106, it may be determined whether the wind speed segment of the current wind speed is the wind speed segment of the wind speed at the previous time. And executing step S107 if the wind speed section of the current wind speed is the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment, otherwise executing step S111.
In step S107, it may be determined whether a difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section at the previous time is smaller than an allowable power difference in the wind speed section at the previous time. If the difference between the theoretical maximum output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous moment and the current output power is smaller than the allowable power difference in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous moment, executing step S108; otherwise, step S109 is executed.
In step S108, it may be determined that the rotation speed increment is zero, thereby stopping the maximum output power tracking.
Step S109, a current rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system may be obtained, and a rotation speed increment is determined as a difference between a theoretical rotation speed and the current rotation speed in a wind speed segment where the wind speed is located at a previous time.
In step S110, the operation of the wind turbine generator system may be controlled according to the rotation speed increment. In an example of the present invention, the real-time rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system may be adjusted according to the rotation speed increment, for example, the real-time rotation speed may be adjusted to be the sum of the theoretical rotation speed and the rotation speed increment, and then step S103 is executed in a loop until the difference between the theoretical maximum output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous time and the current output power is smaller than the allowable power difference in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous time, that is, the rotation speed increment is zero.
Step S111 may obtain a current rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system, and determine a rotation speed increment as a difference between a theoretical rotation speed in a wind speed segment where the current wind speed is located and the current rotation speed.
Step S112, the real-time rotation speed of the wind generating set may be adjusted according to the rotation speed increment determined in step S111, and then step S103 is executed in a loop until the difference between the theoretical maximum output power in the wind speed segment at the previous time and the current output power is smaller than the allowable power difference in the wind speed segment at the previous time, that is, the rotation speed increment is zero.
The control method according to the invention may also update the correspondence within each wind speed segment, as shown in fig. 5.
In step S201, the current wind speed, the current output power and the current rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system may be obtained.
In step S202, it may be determined whether the current output power is greater than the actual maximum output power in the wind speed segment in which the current wind speed is located. If the current output power is larger than the actual maximum output power in the wind speed segment, step S203 is executed, otherwise step S201 is executed again.
In step S203, the corresponding relationship between the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotation speed in the wind speed segment may be updated to the corresponding relationship between the current output power and the current rotation speed.
There is also provided, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a computing apparatus including a computer-readable storage medium and a processor, the computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the above-described control method. The computer readable recording medium is any data storage device that can store data read by a computer system. Examples of the computer-readable recording medium include: read-only memory, random access memory, compact disc read-only memory, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, and carrier wave (such as data transmission through the internet via a wired or wireless transmission path).
There is also provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention a controller of a wind park, which may be configured to perform the control method as described above.
By adopting the control method and device of the wind generating set and the wind generating set, the wind speed range is segmented and the output power is fed back in real time, and the rotating speed increment is determined based on the fed back output power and the corresponding wind speed segment, so that the problem that the rotating speed increment in a hill climbing algorithm is difficult to determine can be effectively avoided, and the problem that the control performance of the wind generating set is reduced due to small fluctuation of the wind speed can be avoided.
By adopting the control method and device of the wind generating set and the wind generating set, the allowable power difference can be calculated according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power, so that the influence of parameter change in the real-time operation process of the wind generating set on the accuracy of tracking the maximum output power can be effectively avoided, and the overlong tracking time of the maximum output power of the set caused by the difficulty in reaching the theoretical maximum output power can be avoided.
Therefore, the control method, apparatus and wind power plant of the wind power plant according to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention can maximally obtain wind energy by rapidly and accurately tracking the maximum output power according to the wind speed variation using the hybrid control strategy based on the power signal feedback algorithm and the hill climbing algorithm.
While the invention has been shown and described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A control method of a wind generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing a wind speed range of the wind generating set before reaching a rated wind speed into a plurality of wind speed sections;
aiming at each wind speed section, establishing a corresponding relation between theoretical maximum output power and a corresponding theoretical rotating speed and between actual maximum output power and a corresponding actual rotating speed in the wind speed section;
acquiring real-time wind speed and real-time output power of a wind generating set, and determining a wind speed section where the real-time wind speed is located and the corresponding relation in the wind speed section;
determining the rotation speed increment of the wind wheel according to the corresponding relation between the real-time output power and the wind speed section in which the real-time wind speed is positioned, controlling the operation of the wind generating set according to the rotation speed increment,
the step of establishing the corresponding relation between the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotating speed and the corresponding actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in each wind speed section comprises the following steps: establishing a two-dimensional array with the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotating speed in the wind speed section as a first dimension and the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in the wind speed section as a second dimension,
wherein the step of determining the rotational speed increment comprises:
calculating an allowable power difference in a wind speed section at the previous moment according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section at the previous moment;
determining whether the wind speed section of the current wind speed is the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment;
if the wind speed section of the current wind speed is the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment, determining whether the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment is smaller than the allowable power difference;
if the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power is smaller than the allowable power difference, determining that the rotation speed increment is zero;
if the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power is not smaller than the allowable power difference, determining that the rotating speed increment is the difference between the theoretical rotating speed and the current rotating speed in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous moment;
and if the wind speed section of the current wind speed is not the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment, determining the rotating speed increment as the difference between the theoretical rotating speed and the current rotating speed in the wind speed section of the current wind speed.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the allowable power difference in the wind speed section in which the wind speed is located at the previous time is one half of the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section.
3. The control method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling operation of the wind turbine generator set in accordance with the rotational speed increment comprises: and adjusting the real-time rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the rotating speed increment until the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous moment is smaller than the allowable power difference.
4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising: and acquiring the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in each wind speed section according to the historical operating data of the wind generating set.
5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
determining whether the current output power of the wind generating set is larger than the actual maximum output power in a wind speed section where the current wind speed is located;
and if the current output power is larger than the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section, updating the corresponding relation between the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section and the corresponding actual rotating speed into the corresponding relation between the current output power and the current rotating speed.
6. A control device of a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that the control device comprises:
the wind speed section dividing unit is configured to divide a wind speed range of the wind generating set before reaching a rated wind speed into a plurality of wind speed sections;
a corresponding relation establishing unit configured to establish, for each wind speed segment, a corresponding relation between a theoretical maximum output power and a corresponding theoretical rotational speed, and between an actual maximum output power and a corresponding actual rotational speed within the wind speed segment;
the data acquisition unit is configured to acquire real-time wind speed and real-time output power of the wind generating set;
the rotating speed increment determining unit is configured to determine a wind speed section where the real-time wind speed is located and the corresponding relation in the wind speed section, and determine the rotating speed increment of the wind wheel according to the real-time output power and the corresponding relation in the wind speed section where the real-time wind speed is located;
a control unit configured to control operation of the wind park according to the rotational speed increment,
wherein the correspondence relationship establishing unit is further configured to: establishing a two-dimensional array with the theoretical maximum output power and the corresponding theoretical rotating speed in the wind speed section as a first dimension and the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in the wind speed section as a second dimension for each wind speed section,
wherein the rotation speed increment determination unit is further configured to:
calculating an allowable power difference in a wind speed section at the previous moment according to the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section at the previous moment;
determining whether the wind speed section of the current wind speed is the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment;
if the wind speed section of the current wind speed is the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment, determining whether the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment is smaller than the allowable power difference;
if the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power is smaller than the allowable power difference, determining that the rotation speed increment is zero;
if the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power is not smaller than the allowable power difference, determining that the rotating speed increment is the difference between the theoretical rotating speed and the current rotating speed in the wind speed section in which the wind speed is located at the previous moment;
and if the wind speed section of the current wind speed is not the wind speed section of the wind speed at the previous moment, determining the rotating speed increment as the difference between the theoretical rotating speed and the current rotating speed in the wind speed section of the current wind speed.
7. The control apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the rotation speed increase determination unit is further configured to: and calculating one half of the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is positioned at the previous moment to be used as the allowable power difference in the wind speed section where the wind speed is positioned at the previous moment.
8. The control device of claim 6, wherein the control unit is further configured to: and adjusting the real-time rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the rotating speed increment until the difference between the theoretical maximum output power and the current output power in the wind speed section where the wind speed is located at the previous moment is smaller than the allowable power difference.
9. The control device according to claim 6, wherein the correspondence relationship establishing unit is further configured to: and acquiring the actual maximum output power and the corresponding actual rotating speed in each wind speed section according to the historical operating data of the wind generating set.
10. The control apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the correspondence relationship establishing unit is further configured to:
determining whether the current output power of the wind generating set is larger than the actual maximum output power in a wind speed section where the current wind speed is located;
and if the current output power is larger than the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section, updating the corresponding relation between the actual maximum output power in the wind speed section and the corresponding actual rotating speed into the corresponding relation between the current output power and the current rotating speed.
11. A wind park according to any of claims 6-10, characterized in that the wind park comprises a control device.
12. A computing apparatus, characterized in that the computing apparatus comprises a computer-readable storage medium and a processor, the computer-readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that when executed by the processor implement the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
13. A controller of a wind park, characterized in that the controller is configured to perform the control method according to any of claims 1-5.
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