CN113090410B - Self-adaptive circulating engine S-shaped spray pipe with impact-air film cooling structure - Google Patents
Self-adaptive circulating engine S-shaped spray pipe with impact-air film cooling structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113090410B CN113090410B CN202110430890.XA CN202110430890A CN113090410B CN 113090410 B CN113090410 B CN 113090410B CN 202110430890 A CN202110430890 A CN 202110430890A CN 113090410 B CN113090410 B CN 113090410B
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
- F02K1/82—Jet pipe walls, e.g. liners
- F02K1/822—Heat insulating structures or liners, cooling arrangements, e.g. post combustion liners; Infrared radiation suppressors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an adaptive cycle engine S-shaped bent spray pipe with an impact-air film cooling structure, belonging to the field of aircraft engines; comprises a convergence section, an expansion section and a third duct; the third duct is provided with two outlets, the first outlet is positioned at the throat of the spray pipe and is of an impact-air film cooling structure; the second outlet is positioned at the exhaust port of the spray pipe and consists of a plurality of first film cooling holes arranged on the circumferential surface of the spray pipe; the impingement-film cooling structure comprises impingement cooling holes, second film cooling holes, a support plate and a rectifying plate, wherein the outer wall surface of the spray pipe and the inner wall surface of the spray pipe are fixedly supported through the support plate and the rectifying plate; the plurality of impingement cooling holes are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall surface of the spray pipe, so that cold air flow in the third duct passes through the impingement cooling holes and is sprayed to the inner wall surface of the spray pipe; the plurality of second air film cooling holes are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall surface of the spray pipe and are positioned on the expansion section side of the spray pipe; the invention prevents the large thermal stress generated by the large temperature difference between the inner side and the outer side of the wall surface of the spray pipe, reduces the thermal stress and protects the wall surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aircraft engines, and particularly relates to an adaptive cycle engine S-bend spray pipe with an impact-air film cooling structure.
Background
The variable-cycle engine regulates and controls the thermodynamic cycle characteristics of the engine by changing the position, the geometric dimension and the shape of internal components of the engine, so that the variable-cycle engine has the advantages of low-speed and high-speed flight performance, and therefore, the variable-cycle engine can be widely applied to a new-generation fighter plane. The self-adaptive cycle engine is a latest generation variable cycle engine, and is characterized by having three flow channels, so that the self-adaptive cycle engine has more working modes and stronger cycle regulation capability. At the present stage, most of the spray pipe designs aiming at the adaptive cycle engine aim at an axisymmetric convergent spray pipe and can only be used for subsonic flight. In order to realize transonic and supersonic flight, the design research of a convergent-divergent nozzle is required for an adaptive cycle engine.
The new generation of fighter plane not only has more demands on the working mode of the plane, but also puts higher demands on the stealth and the maneuvering performance of the fighter plane. The most important thing for improving the stealth of the airplane is to reduce the infrared radiation signals and electromagnetic radiation signals of the airplane, and the exhaust system of the airplane is the strongest infrared radiation source and the important electromagnetic radiation source. The S-shaped spray pipe can effectively shield high-temperature components in an exhaust system by virtue of the bent configuration, so that the infrared radiation characteristic of the S-shaped spray pipe is reduced, meanwhile, the electromagnetic signals are continuously refracted and dissipated by virtue of the bent configuration, and the S-shaped spray pipe also has the advantages that a rectangular outlet is easy to fuse with a machine body, and the like, so that the S-shaped spray pipe is widely applied to fighters. The new generation of fighter aircraft places higher demands on aircraft maneuverability, the most effective way being to increase the aircraft turbine front temperature, which can lead to nozzle overheating damage. Meanwhile, the wall surface of the high-temperature spray pipe and the tail jet flow can increase the infrared radiation characteristic of an exhaust system and reduce the stealth of the S-shaped spray pipe, so that the spray pipe cooling technology needs to be studied deeply.
At present, research on cooling of axisymmetric nozzles and binary nozzles has been a focus, and the japanese paper "preliminary experimental study on wall cooling of expansion sections of binary convergent-divergent nozzles under high-velocity thermal jet flow" indicates that the wall temperature of each expansion section of the nozzle is significantly reduced after cooling. For a turbofan engine, the complex large-curvature multi-bending-circle square-turning geometric configuration of the S-shaped spray pipe enables high-temperature air flow in the inner content of the S-shaped spray pipe to be everted and invaded into the wall surface of the spray pipe, and a local high-temperature area, namely a hot spot phenomenon, is formed. Hot spot areas can cause local nozzle thermal deformation in hot spot areas. The self-adaptive circulating engine is provided with three ducts, and except local hot spots, cold air flow in the third duct on the outer side of the wall surface of the spray pipe and high-temperature air flow on the inner side of the wall surface of the spray pipe act on the wall surface of the spray pipe simultaneously, so that the temperature difference between the inner side and the outer side of the wall surface of the spray pipe is large and the wall surface of the spray pipe is damaged. If the cooling technology of the binary nozzle is directly applied to the self-adaptive cycle engine, the problem of large temperature difference between the inner side and the outer side cannot be solved, and the main flow of the engine can be influenced. There is therefore a need for effective cooling measures for adaptive cycle engines.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows:
in order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an adaptive circulation engine S-shaped bent spray pipe with an impact-air film cooling structure, which solves the problems of the prior art that the adaptive circulation engine S-shaped bent spray pipe is damaged due to large heat stress at the inner side and the outer side of the wall surface, local damage is caused by local hot spots and high infrared radiation caused by the wall surface of a high-temperature spray pipe and high-temperature tail spray gas.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an S-shaped bent spray pipe of a self-adaptive cycle engine with an impact-air film cooling structure sequentially comprises a convergence section and an expansion section along the air flow direction, and a third duct is arranged at the periphery of the S-shaped bent spray pipe; the inlet of the convergent section is an air inlet of a spray pipe and comprises an inner culvert air inlet and an outer culvert air inlet, the outlet of the divergent section is an air outlet of the spray pipe, and a throat of the spray pipe is formed at the joint of the convergent section and the divergent section; the method is characterized in that: the third duct is provided with two outlets, the first outlet is positioned at the throat of the spray pipe and is of an impact-air film cooling structure; the second outlet is positioned at the exhaust port of the spray pipe and consists of a plurality of first film cooling holes arranged on the circumferential surface of the spray pipe;
the spray pipe flow passage molded surface is composed of a spray pipe inner wall surface and a spray pipe outer wall surface, the spray pipe outer wall surface is sleeved on the periphery of the spray pipe inner wall surface, and a first outlet of a third duct is formed at the overlapping position;
the impingement-film cooling structure of the first outlet comprises impingement cooling holes, second film cooling holes, a support plate and a rectifying plate, wherein the inlet of the outer wall surface of the spray pipe is fixedly supported with the inner wall surface of the spray pipe through the support plate, and the outlet of the inner wall surface of the spray pipe is fixedly supported with the outer wall surface of the spray pipe through the rectifying plate; the plurality of impingement cooling holes are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall surface of the spray pipe, so that cold air flow in the third duct passes through the impingement cooling holes and is sprayed to the inner wall surface of the spray pipe, and the heat exchange coefficient between the fluid and the wall surface is changed; the plurality of second air film cooling holes are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall surface of the spray pipe and are positioned on the expansion section side of the spray pipe; the cooling air current flows in through the second air film cooling hole and covers the inner side of the wall surface of the spray pipe, and the erosion of the inner heat flow on the wall surface of the spray pipe is isolated.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the support plate and the rectifying plate are both of annular sheet structures, small holes are formed in the rectifying plate, one part of cooling airflow flowing into the cavity of the impact-air film cooling structure flows into the spray pipe through the air film cooling holes, and the other part of cooling airflow flows into the spray pipe through the small holes in the rectifying plate and is attached to the wall surface of the spray pipe.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the support plate at the front end of the outer wall surface of the spray pipe and the rectifying plate at the rear end of the inner wall surface of the spray pipe connect the outer wall surface of the spray pipe and the inner wall surface of the spray pipe into a whole.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the convergent section and the divergent section are both in an approximate S shape, and the length ratio of the convergent section to the divergent section in the axial direction is 1:2 to 3;
the invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the convergent section of the spray pipe is formed by the inner wall surface of the spray pipe; the front 1 \\ 3 of the expansion section of the spray pipe is formed by the inner wall surface of the spray pipe, and the rear 2 \\ 3 is formed by the outer wall surface of the spray pipe; the overlapped part of the inner wall surface of the spray pipe and the outer wall surface of the spray pipe is the part from the rear 1\3 of the convergent section of the spray pipe to the front 1\3 of the divergent section of the spray pipe.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the axial direction of the impingement cooling hole is vertical to the inner wall surface of the spray pipe so as to ensure the intensity of impingement heat exchange; two adjacent rows of impingement cooling holes are arranged in a row-by-row or insertion row mode, the aperture of the impingement cooling holes is D, the distance between the circumferential adjacent holes is 2D-6D, and the row pitch of the holes is 2D-10D.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the gas film cooling holes are inclined holes, the included angle between the axial direction of the holes and the inner wall surface of the spray pipe is 15-75 degrees, and the arrangement mode, the hole spacing and the hole row spacing of the gas film cooling holes are consistent with those of the impingement cooling holes.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the ratio of the length of the spray pipe to the diameter of the air inlet of the spray pipe is 1.8-3, the section of the air inlet of the spray pipe is circular, the section of the throat of the spray pipe is rectangular, and the section of the air outlet of the spray pipe is rectangular; wherein, the ratio of the width of the throat of the spray pipe to the diameter of the air inlet is 0.7-1.6, and the width-height ratio of the air outlet is 3-15.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the third duct comprises a third duct inlet, a third duct support plate and a third duct outer wall surface; the third duct inlet is connected to a third duct fan, and the airflow flowing through the third duct is high-pressure cold airflow; the outer wall surface of the third duct is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the spray pipe and the outer wall surface of the spray pipe through a plurality of third duct support plates, and the outer wall surface of the third duct and the wall surface of the spray pipe form a flow channel of the third duct.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the third duct support plate is an annular thin plate, one end of the third duct support plate is connected with the outer wall surface of the third duct, and the other end of the third duct support plate is connected with the outer wall surface of the spray pipe or the inner wall surface of the spray pipe, so that the outer wall surface of the third duct and the wall surface of the spray pipe form a whole, and the third duct support plate is uniformly distributed at 5-10 positions along the axial direction of the spray pipe; and a plurality of rows of small holes are formed in the third duct support plate, and the airflow in the third duct can flow in the third duct through the small holes.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an S-shaped bent spray pipe of a self-adaptive cycle engine with an impact-air film cooling structure, which consists of an S-shaped convergence section, an S-shaped expansion section, a third duct structure and the impact-air film cooling structure. By applying the self-adaptive circulation engine S-shaped spray pipe with the impact-film cooling structure, the spray pipe is cooled by the convective heat exchange between the cooling airflow flowing in the third duct and the outer side of the wall surface of the spray pipe, the cold airflow flows into the channel of the impact-film cooling structure through the impact cooling hole and performs impact heat exchange on the outer side of the inner wall surface of the spray pipe, and meanwhile, the cooling airflow flows into and covers the inner side of the wall surface of the spray pipe through the film cooling hole and the small holes on the rectifying plate, so that the inner duct heat flow is prevented from scouring the wall surface of the spray pipe, the inner side of the wall surface of the spray pipe is fully cooled, the large thermal stress generated by the large temperature difference between the inner side and the outer side of the wall surface of the spray pipe is prevented, the thermal stress is reduced, and the wall surface is protected. And the air film layer prevents the eversion of the high-temperature air flow in the content from invading the wall surface of the nozzle, thereby inhibiting the formation of hot spots. The small holes in the rectifying plate play a role in rectifying the air flow in the third duct, the air flow direction flowing into the inner part of the spray pipe is limited, so that the cold air of the third duct can flow along the direction of the main flow, the better adherence is realized, the cooling effect is optimal, the mixing loss of the air flow of the third duct and the main flow is prevented, and the pneumatic performance of the spray pipe is ensured. The temperature of the cooled wall surface and the temperature of the tail jet flow are reduced, the infrared radiation intensity is reduced, and the infrared stealth performance of the S-shaped spray pipe is enhanced.
According to the invention, the impact-film cooling structure is arranged at the outlet of the third duct, and is limited at the throat of the spray pipe, so that the shock wave position in the air passage can be controlled by reducing back pressure, so that cold air flow of the third duct does not enter the core engine, and the wall surface cooling effect of the spray pipe is realized under the condition of not influencing the normal work of the engine; meanwhile, cold air flow passes through the impact-air film cooling structure to wrap the core flow, so that the distribution of a shear layer of a jet flow can be changed, and the noise is reduced.
The principle of impingement-film cooling is shown in fig. 1, wherein impingement cooling is mainly aimed at increasing the surface heat transfer coefficient between the fluid and the wall surface, and also reduces the temperature of the heat transfer. The impingement cooling heat transfer amount is: q = h j (T m -T w ) Wherein h is j For heat transfer coefficient of impact surface, T m For impingement heat transfer temperature, i.e. the temperature of the mixing, T, of the impingement fluid with the ambient fluid in the immediate vicinity of the wall w To impact the heat transfer wall temperature. Compared with convection heat transfer, the heat transfer coefficient of impact heat transfer needs to be large, so that the heat transfer amount is more, and the cooling effect is better. The film cooling is mainly to cover the wall surface of the high-temperature spray pipe to isolate high-temperature fuel gas and reduce the heat exchange temperature of fluid, thereby cooling the spray pipe. The self-adaptive circulating engine S-shaped bent spray pipe with the impact-air film cooling structure solves the problems of damage of the self-adaptive circulating engine S-shaped bent spray pipe due to large heat stress inside and outside the wall surface, local damage caused by local hot spots and high infrared radiation caused by spraying fuel gas on the wall surface of the high-temperature spray pipe and the high-temperature tail in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of impingement-film cooling of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an alternative adaptive cycle engine S-bend nozzle with impingement-film cooling configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: t is 1 The temperature of the impinging jet; t is 2 Temperature of the fluid surrounding the target surface; t is m The temperature of impingement heat transfer; t is w Impact heat transfer wall temperature; 1. a convergence section; 11. an air inlet; 12. an air inlet of the culvert; 13. an air inlet of the culvert; 2. an expansion section; 21. an exhaust port; 3. the inner wall surface of the spray pipe; 4. the outer wall surface of the spray pipe; 5. a nozzle throat; 6. a third ducted structure; 61. a third duct inlet; 62. a third duct support plate; 63. a third duct outer wall surface; 7. an impingement-film cooling configuration; 71. impingement cooling holes; 72. a film cooling hole; 73. a support plate; 74. a rectifying plate.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the adaptive cycle engine S-bend nozzle with the impingement-film cooling structure of the invention comprises a convergent section 1, an expansion section 2, a third duct structure 6 and an impingement-film cooling structure 7. The first end of convergent section 1 is the air inlet 11 of nozzle, and this air inlet 11 includes culvert air inlet 12 and culvert air inlet 13, and the second end of convergent section 1 is connected and forms the nozzle throat 5 here with the first end of divergent section 2, and the second end of divergent section 2 is the gas vent 21 of nozzle. The nozzle flow channel profile is composed of a nozzle inner wall surface 3 and a nozzle outer wall surface 4, the nozzle inner wall surface 3 and the nozzle outer wall surface 4 have an overlapping part along the axial direction, and an annular cavity formed by the overlapping part forms a flow channel of the impingement-air film cooling structure 7.
The third ducted structure 6 includes a third ducted inlet 61, a third ducted plate 62 and a third ducted outer wall surface 63. The third ducted inlet 61 is connected to the third ducted fan and the air flow through the third ducted is a high pressure cold air flow. The third duct outer wall surface 63 is fixedly connected to the nozzle inner wall surface 3 and the nozzle outer wall surface 4 by a plurality of third duct struts 62, the third duct outer wall surface 63 and the nozzle wall surface forming a flow channel of the third duct.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, impingement-film cooling structure 7 includes impingement cooling holes 71, film cooling holes 72, brace plates 73, and fairing plates 74. The impingement cooling holes 71 are arranged on the outer wall surface 4 of the spray pipe forming the flow channel of the impingement-film cooling structure 7, and the cold air flow in the third duct flows into the flow channel of the impingement-film cooling structure 7 through the impingement cooling holes 71 and is vertically sprayed to the inner wall surface 3 of the spray pipe, so that the heat exchange coefficient between the fluid and the wall surface is changed, and the heat exchange between the cooling gas and the wall surface is strengthened. The film cooling holes 72 are disposed in the portion of the nozzle expansion 2 of the nozzle inner wall surface 3 and the nozzle outer wall surface 4 proximate the nozzle exhaust port 21. The cooling airflow flows into and covers the inner side of the wall surface of the spray pipe through the air film cooling holes 72, thereby isolating the erosion of the connotative heat flow to the wall surface of the spray pipe, preventing the formation of hot spots on the wall surface, simultaneously reducing the temperature difference between the inner wall surface 3 of the spray pipe and the two side wall surfaces of the outer wall surface 4 of the spray pipe, reducing the thermal stress and protecting the wall surface.
The self-adaptive circulation engine S-bend spray pipe with the impact-air film cooling structure solves the problems that the self-adaptive circulation engine S-bend spray pipe in the prior art is damaged due to large internal and external thermal stress of the wall surface, local damage is caused by local hot spots, and high infrared radiation is caused by the wall surface of a high-temperature spray pipe and high-temperature tail-sprayed fuel gas.
Specifically, the convergent section 1 and the divergent section 2 are S-shaped, the convergent section 1 of the nozzle is formed by the inner wall surface 3 of the nozzle, the front 1\3 of the divergent section 2 of the nozzle is formed by the inner wall surface 3 of the nozzle, the rear 2\3 of the divergent section 2 is formed by the outer wall surface 4 of the nozzle, and the overlapped part of the inner wall surface 3 of the nozzle and the outer wall surface 4 of the nozzle is the part from the rear 1\3 of the convergent section 1 of the nozzle to the front 1\3 of the divergent section 2 of the nozzle.
Optionally, the length ratio of the convergent section 1 to the divergent section 2 in the axial direction is 1:2 to 3. The ratio of the length of the spray pipe to the diameter of the air inlet 11 of the spray pipe is 1.8-3, the air inlet 11 is circular, the throat 5 of the spray pipe is rectangular, the exhaust port 21 is rectangular, the ratio of the width of the throat 5 of the spray pipe to the diameter of the air inlet 11 is 0.7-1.6, and the ratio of the width to the height of the exhaust port 21 is 3-15.
As shown in FIG. 2, impingement-film cooling structure 7 includes impingement cooling holes 71, film cooling holes 72, brace plates 73, and fairing plates 74. Support plate 73 at the foremost end of spray tube outer wall surface 4 and cowling panel 74 at the rearmost end of spray tube inner wall surface 3 connect into a whole with spray tube outer wall surface 4 and spray tube inner wall surface 3, outer wall surface 4, support plate 73 and cowling panel 74 constitute impact-air film cooling structure 7 cavity jointly, support plate 73 and cowling panel 74 all are annular sheet structure, it has the aperture to open on the cowling panel 74, it flows into inside the spray tube through air film cooling hole 72 to flow into partly to flow into in the cooling air current that flows into impact-air film cooling structure 7 cavity, another part cooling air current flows into and attaches in the spray tube wall through the aperture on cowling panel 74. The impingement cooling holes 71 are perpendicular to the inner wall surface 3 of the spray pipe to ensure the intensity of impingement heat exchange, and two adjacent rows of impingement cooling holes 71 are arranged in a row or in a row-inserting mode; the diameter of the impingement cooling holes 71 is D, the hole pitch is 2D-6D, and the hole pitch is 2D-10D. The film cooling holes 72 are inclined holes, the hole inclination angle is 15-75 degrees, and the selectable ranges of the arrangement mode, the hole pitch and the hole pitch of the film cooling holes 72 are consistent with those of the impingement cooling holes 71. The third duct support plate 62 is an annular thin plate, one end of the third duct support plate 62 is connected with the third duct outer wall surface 63, and the other end of the third duct support plate 62 is connected with the spray pipe outer wall surface 4 or the spray pipe inner wall surface 3, so that the third duct outer wall surface 63 and the spray pipe wall surface form a whole, and the third duct support plates 62 are uniformly distributed at the positions 5-10 of the third duct along the axial direction of the spray pipe. The third duct support plate 62 is provided with a plurality of rows of small holes, and the airflow in the third duct flows in the third duct through the small holes.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An S-shaped bent spray pipe of a self-adaptive cycle engine with an impact-air film cooling structure is sequentially provided with a convergent section and an expansion section along the airflow direction, and a third duct is arranged at the periphery of the S-shaped bent spray pipe; the inlet of the convergent section is an air inlet of the spray pipe and comprises an inner culvert air inlet and an outer culvert air inlet, the outlet of the divergent section is an air outlet of the spray pipe, and a throat of the spray pipe is formed at the joint of the convergent section and the divergent section; the method is characterized in that: the third duct is provided with two outlets, the first outlet is positioned at the throat of the spray pipe and is of an impact-air film cooling structure; the second outlet is positioned at the exhaust port of the spray pipe and consists of a plurality of first film cooling holes arranged on the circumferential surface of the spray pipe;
the spray pipe flow passage molded surface is composed of a spray pipe inner wall surface and a spray pipe outer wall surface, the spray pipe outer wall surface is sleeved on the periphery of the spray pipe inner wall surface, and a first outlet of a third duct is formed at the overlapping position;
the impingement-film cooling structure of the first outlet comprises an impingement cooling hole, a second film cooling hole, a support plate and a rectifying plate, wherein the inlet of the outer wall surface of the spray pipe and the inner wall surface of the spray pipe are fixedly supported through the support plate, and the outlet of the inner wall surface of the spray pipe and the outer wall surface of the spray pipe are fixedly supported through the rectifying plate; the plurality of impingement cooling holes are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall surface of the spray pipe, so that cold air flow in the third duct passes through the impingement cooling holes and is sprayed to the inner wall surface of the spray pipe, and the heat exchange coefficient between the fluid and the wall surface is changed; the plurality of second air film cooling holes are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall surface of the spray pipe and are positioned on the expansion section side of the spray pipe; cooling airflow flows into the second air film cooling holes and covers the inner side of the wall surface of the spray pipe, so that the erosion of the inner heat flow on the wall surface of the spray pipe is isolated;
the axial direction of the impingement cooling hole is vertical to the inner wall surface of the spray pipe so as to ensure the intensity of impingement heat exchange; two adjacent rows of impingement cooling holes are arranged in a row-by-row or row-by-row mode, the aperture of the impingement cooling holes is D, the distance between the circumferential adjacent holes is 2D-6D, and the row pitch of the holes is 2D-10D;
the gas film cooling holes are inclined holes, the included angle between the axial direction of the holes and the inner wall surface of the spray pipe is 15-75 degrees, and the arrangement mode, the hole spacing and the hole row spacing of the gas film cooling holes are consistent with those of the impingement cooling holes;
the third duct comprises a third duct inlet, a third duct support plate and a third duct outer wall surface; the third duct inlet is connected to a third duct fan, and the airflow flowing through the third duct is high-pressure cold airflow; the outer wall surface of the third duct is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the spray pipe and the outer wall surface of the spray pipe through a plurality of third duct support plates, and the outer wall surface of the third duct and the wall surface of the spray pipe form a flow channel of the third duct.
2. The adaptive cycle engine S-bend nozzle with impingement-film cooling as described in claim 1, wherein: the support plate and the rectifying plate are both of annular sheet structures, small holes are formed in the rectifying plate, one part of cooling airflow flowing into the cavity of the impact-air film cooling structure flows into the spray pipe through the air film cooling holes, and the other part of cooling airflow flows into the spray pipe through the small holes in the rectifying plate and is attached to the wall surface of the spray pipe.
3. The adaptive cycle engine S-bend nozzle with impingement-film cooling as described in claim 1, wherein: the support plate at the front end of the outer wall surface of the spray pipe and the rectifying plate at the rear end of the inner wall surface of the spray pipe connect the outer wall surface of the spray pipe and the inner wall surface of the spray pipe into a whole.
4. The adaptive cycle engine S-bend nozzle with impingement-film cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein: the convergent section and the divergent section are both in an S shape, and the length ratio of the convergent section to the divergent section in the axial direction is 1:2 to 3.
5. The adaptive cycle engine S-bend nozzle with impingement-film cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein: the convergent section of the spray pipe is formed by the inner wall surface of the spray pipe; the front 1\3 of the expansion section of the spray pipe is formed by the inner wall surface of the spray pipe, and the rear 2\3 is formed by the outer wall surface of the spray pipe; the overlapped part of the inner wall surface of the spray pipe and the outer wall surface of the spray pipe is the part from the rear 1\3 of the convergent section of the spray pipe to the front 1\3 of the divergent section of the spray pipe.
6. The adaptive cycle engine S-bend nozzle with impingement-film cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the length of the spray pipe to the diameter of the air inlet of the spray pipe is 1.8-3, the section of the air inlet of the spray pipe is circular, the section of the throat of the spray pipe is rectangular, and the section of the air outlet of the spray pipe is rectangular; wherein, the ratio of the width of the throat of the spray pipe to the diameter of the air inlet is 0.7-1.6, and the width-height ratio of the air outlet is 3-15.
7. The adaptive cycle engine S-bend nozzle with impingement-film cooling as described in claim 1, wherein: the third duct support plate is an annular thin plate, one end of the third duct support plate is connected with the outer wall surface of the third duct, and the other end of the third duct support plate is connected with the outer wall surface of the spray pipe or the inner wall surface of the spray pipe, so that the outer wall surface of the third duct and the wall surface of the spray pipe form a whole, and the third duct support plate is uniformly distributed at 5-10 positions along the axial direction of the spray pipe; and a plurality of rows of small holes are formed in the third duct support plate, and the airflow in the third duct can flow in the third duct through the small holes.
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