CN113089571A - Assembled water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Assembled water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113089571A CN113089571A CN202110357045.4A CN202110357045A CN113089571A CN 113089571 A CN113089571 A CN 113089571A CN 202110357045 A CN202110357045 A CN 202110357045A CN 113089571 A CN113089571 A CN 113089571A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The invention provides an assembled water-permeable energy-dissipation tetrahedral embankment plugging member and a construction method thereof, wherein the assembled water-permeable energy-dissipation tetrahedral embankment plugging member comprises four water-permeable energy-dissipation panels and a plurality of flexible fasteners, the water-permeable energy-dissipation panels are prefabricated panels and are in equilateral triangle shapes, and a plurality of holes are densely distributed on the water-permeable energy-dissipation panels; three edges of one of the water permeable energy dissipation panels are aligned with one edge of the other three water permeable energy dissipation panels respectively, adjacent edges of the other three water permeable energy dissipation panels are aligned, the adjacent edges of the two adjacent water permeable energy dissipation panels are locked after penetrating through holes reserved near the adjacent edges by using a plurality of flexible fasteners, and then the four water permeable energy dissipation panels can be assembled into the dyke plugging component with the regular tetrahedron structure. The invention is a rapid assembly component, and on the basis of high impact resistance and stability of a regular tetrahedron, the water-permeable energy dissipation holes are optimally arranged, so that the water passing section can be reduced, and the energy of water flow can be dissipated, thereby obviously reducing the impact force of the water flow, obviously reducing the casting loss rate of a plugging port and improving the efficiency of the plugging port in emergency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flood prevention equipment, and particularly relates to a rapid assembly dam breach plugging device which is good in technical applicability, convenient in technical realization, high in operation speed, high in plugging efficiency, convenient in equipment transportation and storage and low in cost.
Background
The embankment engineering is an important component of a flood control and reduction system and is an important safety barrier for resisting flood. In recent years, the flood prevention and fighting situation in China is more and more severe, the occurrence frequency of the dike danger is continuously reduced, wherein the breach danger has the characteristics of large influence range and serious risk loss consequence, and if the breach cannot be blocked in time, the huge economic property and life loss of people are caused, and the social stability is influenced. Therefore, once a breach occurs in the flood control dam, the dam needs to be quickly plugged, so that damage of flood to rivers along the shore cities, villages and the like is reduced. The working time is very urgent, the operation risk is very high, and the engineering quantity is very large.
At present, various methods for plugging burst in flood control emergency are available, mainly comprising the following steps: the technology of sunken ship, caisson, steel fence stone structure, steel wood combined frame, stone bag stacking structure, 22525earth structure, crossbeam structure and the like, pouring solid tetrahedron by common concrete in closure of great river has the following outstanding problems in general although the final plugging or closure is successful:
firstly, the technology applicability is low, most of the technologies can be successfully implemented under the conditions that the flow speed at the breach of the dam is low and the difference between the internal and external water heads is small;
secondly, the plugging time is late. The flow velocity is often large at the initial stage of the breach, a lot of thrown materials are easily washed away by water flow, and the piling operation is dangerous, so that various plugging methods are implemented under the conditions that the flow velocity at the breach is not large and the difference between the internal water head and the external water head is small. Just because these techniques usually can not block the breach in the first time, make a large amount of rivers leak, cause the regional disaster that has already formed to a certain extent even serious;
thirdly, because the steel lattice gabions and the steel reinforcement gabions are welded structures and filled with a large amount of stones, the steel lattice gabions and the steel reinforcement gabions are heavy in weight, and can be transported to a breach only by adopting a large transport ship with lifting equipment, but the transport ship cannot reach many breaches due to insufficient water depth;
fourthly, the existing casting equipment is large in size due to welding, is inconvenient to store at ordinary times, and is temporarily processed when needed, so that the sealing and breach blocking efficiency is influenced;
fifthly, the existing technology needs a large amount of personnel for launching operation, and has larger safety risk;
sixth, although the speed of the sunken ship plugging is high, the sunken ship plugging is also limited by factors such as availability of a proper ship and the manipulation level of a driver, and the sunken ship plugging is high in cost.
Seventhly, the solid regular tetrahedral concrete for intercepting the great river needs to be poured in a large number of places, the prefabrication and transportation difficulty is high, and the practicability of emergency rescue for the blocked port is not high.
In summary, the prior art has the following problems: the technology has the advantages of low applicability, late plugging time, difficult technical realization, low plugging efficiency, low operation safety, difficult equipment storage and high cost.
Through search and discovery, the Chinese utility model patent of patent application No. CN201720456022.8, publication No. CN 207079545U relates to a dam breach plugging device, including tetrahedron structure frame and the filler of arranging in the tetrahedron structure frame, the tetrahedron structure frame is formed by 4 removable fixed connection of triangle-shaped otter board. The patent is a tetrahedron formed by splicing 4 triangular mesh plates which are independently stored at an operation site temporarily, the energy dissipation effect of the structure on water flow is not obvious, the mesh plates are limited in weight, fillers can increase the cross section of water, and the impact resistance of the formed tetrahedron can be greatly reduced.
Patent application number CN 201821890256.4, the chinese utility model patent of publication number CN 209260667U relates to a side slope anti-scour system, including a plurality of connecting wire rope and upper and lower two-layer all move about freely and quickly and side by side and a plurality of prefabricated tetrahedrons of adjacent setting, lower floor each the bottom surface of prefabricated tetrahedron all tiles the setting on the side slope, and the upper strata is respectively arranged in the space of locating between the adjacent row prefabricated tetrahedron of lower floor is inserted to prefabricated tetrahedron's of prefabricated tetrahedron top correspondence, all passes through between the adjacent row prefabricated tetrahedron of upper and lower connecting wire rope connects into whole. The patent is difficult to realize due to the fact that the weight is too large, transportation is inconvenient in the implementation process, and large machinery is difficult to use under the dangerous situation of burst.
The patent application No. CN201910178374.5, Chinese invention patent publication No. CN 109972588A, relates to a rapid assembly dam breach blocking device, which comprises a tetrahedron structure outer frame and fillers arranged in the tetrahedron structure outer frame, wherein a plurality of triangular shelves with steel bar grids are arranged in the tetrahedron structure outer frame. The structure and the internal storage rack of the invention are complicated and inconvenient for transportation, the internal filler is a quick foaming bag when meeting water, the tetrahedral mesh can be filled when expanding when meeting water, the mesh can not play a role, the water passing section is large, the density of the expanded tetrahedron is small, the gravity is low, the impact resistance stability is not strong, and the breach plugging is influenced.
Patent application No. CN201920728039.3, chinese utility model patent of publication No. CN 210002854U, relates to a concrete tetrahedron pouring template, including the tetrahedron template body that from top to bottom narrows gradually, tetrahedron template body upper end has the triangle-shaped opening. The concrete tetrahedron formed by the method has the advantages of large weight, inconvenience in transportation, large water passing section of the concrete tetrahedron, incapability of energy dissipation and turbulence, and influenced emergency rescue efficiency.
Patent application number CN 201920230246.6, publication number CN 209923866U's chinese utility model patent relates to a waterproof baffle that can dismantle fast, including waterproof straight board and stainless steel pipe, the stainless steel pipe is connected with waterproof straight board, and the lower extreme of stainless steel pipe extends waterproof straight board and sets for the distance, and stainless steel pipe lower extreme realizes the fixed to waterproof baffle with the fixed orifices cooperation. The waterproof baffle that this patent formed has great water section, and the rivers impact force that receives is great, and the implementation degree of difficulty through stainless steel fixed stop is great in the breach, and anti impact stability is not strong, and the efficiency that the stifled mouth was speedily carried out rescue work can receive the influence.
According to the technical scheme, the existing equipment can provide small load, or has large and heavy emergency materials, or has complicated operation steps, consumes time and labor, or is subjected to large water flow impact force and has weak impact resistance stability. Therefore, the anti-impact capacity provided for the plugging emergency rescue by the scheme is insufficient, or the anti-impact structure is too heavy, or the assembly procedure is complicated, the implementation efficiency is low, and no plugging emergency rescue component which can maintain higher gravity through energy dissipation and flow disturbance and has stronger self-stability exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an assembled water-permeable energy-dissipation tetrahedral embankment plugging member and a construction method thereof, aiming at the problems of insufficient impact resistance, large emergency materials and heavy material or time and labor consumption of impact resistance measures in the existing plugging technology.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an assembled water-permeable energy-dissipation tetrahedral embankment plugging member comprises four water-permeable energy-dissipation panels and a plurality of flexible fasteners, wherein the water-permeable energy-dissipation panels are prefabricated panels and are in equilateral triangle shapes, and a plurality of holes are densely distributed on the water-permeable energy-dissipation panels; three edges of one of the water permeable energy dissipation panels are aligned with one edge of the other three water permeable energy dissipation panels respectively, adjacent edges of the other three water permeable energy dissipation panels are aligned, the adjacent edges of the two adjacent water permeable energy dissipation panels are locked after penetrating through holes reserved near the adjacent edges by using a plurality of flexible fasteners, and then the four water permeable energy dissipation panels can be assembled into the dyke plugging component with the regular tetrahedron structure.
And furthermore, the flexible fastener comprises a steel strand, bolts and nuts, wherein the two ends of the steel strand are provided with bolt holes, the steel strand penetrates through holes reserved at the edges of two adjacent panels during assembly, the bolts penetrate through the bolt holes at the two ends of the steel strand, the steel strand is hinged by the nuts, and after the spatial position of each panel is adjusted, two edges of the other adjacent panels are hinged by the same method.
Furthermore, the outer diameter of a bolt hole at the end part of the steel strand in the flexible fastener is smaller than the diameter of the hole, the diameter of a nut of the bolt is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole, the diameter of a screw rod of the bolt is smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole, and the diameter of the nut is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole.
Furthermore, the water-permeable energy dissipation panel is made of reinforced concrete material, and the density is not lower than 2.4g/cm3。
Further, the number and the size of the holes uniformly distributed on the water permeable energy dissipation panel are calculated as follows: the number n being 10, 15 or 21, holesDiameter of
Wherein L is the side length of the permeable energy dissipation panel.
A method for constructing the assembled water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member, which comprises the following steps:
step one, paving a water-permeable energy dissipation panel on the ground, aligning three edges of the water-permeable energy dissipation panel with one edge of the other three water-permeable energy dissipation panels respectively, and paving the water-permeable energy dissipation panel on the ground;
secondly, one end of a steel strand of the flexible fastener penetrates through a hole near the adjacent edge of the two permeable energy dissipation panels, a bolt penetrates through bolt holes at two ends of the flexible fastener and is screwed by a nut, the two permeable energy dissipation panels are hinged, and three pairs of adjacent edges are hinged in sequence;
and step three, after the spatial position of the panels is adjusted, the panels are spliced into a tetrahedral structure, adjacent edges of the adjacent water-permeable energy dissipation panels are hinged with each other pairwise by adopting flexible fasteners, and finally the dyke plugging member of the regular tetrahedral structure capable of water and energy dissipation is spliced.
Compared with the prior art, the assembled water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member and the construction method thereof provided by the invention have the following progress and advantages:
(1) the invention is a rapid assembly component, the self weight after assembly is great, the volume expansion coefficient exceeds 2, the invention can replace the prior common throwing materials for plugging, and the invention is convenient for pre-processing, transportation, storage and installation due to the detachable structure, thereby greatly shortening the preparation time of plugging operation;
(2) the four surfaces of the regular tetrahedron are congruent regular triangles, and the distances from the gravity center of the regular tetrahedron to each surface are equal, so that the regular tetrahedron is not easy to roll under the impact of water flow and has better self-stability;
(3) the precast concrete panel is last to have the energy dissipation hole that permeates water of a certain quantity, can reduce and cross the water section, simultaneously, rivers can reduce the rivers energy through the vortex several times behind tetrahedron inside and closed angle, further reduce the rivers impact force to showing and reducing the loss rate of material is jettisoned to the mouth that blocks up, improving the efficiency that the mouth that blocks up speedily carries out rescue work.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a top view of an assembled water permeable energy dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a water permeable energy dissipating panel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a steel strand of the flexible fastener of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a bolt of the flexible fastener of the present invention.
In the figure: the energy dissipation panel that permeates water, 2-flexible fastener, 3-hole, 4-bolt holes, 5-steel strand wires, 6-bolt, 7-nut, 8-screw rod, 9-nut.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides an assembled water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member, which comprises four water-permeable energy-dissipating panels 1 and a plurality of flexible fasteners 2.
The permeable energy dissipation panel 1 is a prefabricated panel, is in an equilateral triangle shape, and is reserved with a certain number of holes 3 with certain sizes; the flexible fastener 2 comprises a steel strand 5 with bolt holes 4 at two ends, a bolt 6 and a nut 7. The number and the size of the holes 3 uniformly distributed on the water permeable energy dissipation panel 1 are determined according to the following method: the number n is 15, the diameter
Wherein L is the side length of the permeable energy dissipation panel 1. If the area of the holes 3 is too small, the energy dissipation effect and the effect of reducing the water passing section are not good, and if the number of the holes 3 is too large, the self weight of the tetrahedron is insufficient and the tetrahedron is easy to wash away.
The outer diameter of a bolt hole 4 at the end part of a steel strand 5 in the flexible fastener 2 is smaller than the diameter of a hole 3, the diameter of a nut 9 of a bolt 6 is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole 4, the diameter of a screw 8 of the bolt 6 is smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole 4, and the diameter of a nut 7 is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole 4.
The water permeable energy dissipation panel 1 can be made of reinforced concrete or other materials with certain weight, and the density is not lower than 2.5g/cm3And has higher structural strength.
The steel strand wires 5 in the flexible fastener 2 have good flexibility, the outer diameter of a bolt hole ring at the end part is smaller than the diameter of the hole 3, the diameter of a nut of the bolt 6 is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole 4, the diameter of a screw is smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole 4, and the diameter of a nut 7 is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole 4.
Three edges of one of the water permeable energy dissipation panels 1 are aligned with one edge of the other three water permeable energy dissipation panels 1 respectively during assembly, adjacent edges of the other three water permeable energy dissipation panels 1 are aligned, the top points of the adjacent edges are converged at one point, the adjacent edges of the adjacent two water permeable energy dissipation panels 1 penetrate through holes 3 reserved near the adjacent edges by using a plurality of flexible fasteners 2 and then are locked, specifically, after a steel strand 5 penetrates through the holes 3 reserved at the edges of the adjacent two panels 1, bolts 6 penetrate through bolt holes 4 at two ends of the steel strand 5 and are screwed by nuts 7, after the spatial position of each panel is adjusted, two edges of the other adjacent panels 1 are hinged by the same method, and then four water permeable energy dissipation panels 1 can be assembled into an embankment block component with a regular tetrahedron structure.
The invention also provides an application method of the assembled water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member, which comprises the following steps:
step one, paving one water-permeable energy dissipation panel 1 on the ground, aligning three edges of the water-permeable energy dissipation panel 1 with one edge of the other three water-permeable energy dissipation panels respectively, and paving the water-permeable energy dissipation panel on the ground;
secondly, one end of a steel strand 5 of the flexible fastener 2 penetrates through a hole 3 at the joint edge of the two permeable energy dissipation panels, a bolt 6 penetrates through bolt holes 4 at two ends of the flexible fastener and is screwed by a nut 7, the two permeable energy dissipation panels are hinged, and three pairs of adjacent edges are hinged in sequence;
and step three, after the spatial position of the panel 1 is adjusted, a tetrahedron structure is spliced, adjacent edges of adjacent water-permeable energy dissipation panels are hinged with each other in pairs by adopting flexible fasteners, and finally the dyke plugging member of the regular tetrahedron structure capable of water and energy dissipation is spliced.
The invention is a rapid assembly component, and is made of materials with certain gravity such as reinforced concrete materials, the self weight after assembly is great, the volume expansion coefficient exceeds 2, and the invention can replace the prior common casting material for plugging, and the invention is a detachable structure, thereby being convenient for pre-processing, transportation, storage and installation, and greatly shortening the preparation time of plugging operation; in addition, a regular tetrahedron structure is assembled, and four surfaces of the regular tetrahedron structure are congruent regular triangles, so that the distance from the center of gravity to each surface is equal, the regular tetrahedron structure is not easy to roll under the impact of water flow, and the regular tetrahedron structure has good self-stability, and can fully utilize the self-impact stability; the precast concrete panel is provided with a certain number of permeable energy dissipation holes, so that the loss rate of materials thrown at the blocking opening can be obviously reduced, and the efficiency of the blocking opening emergency rescue is improved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a water-permeable and energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member which is characterized in that: the energy dissipation device comprises four water permeable energy dissipation panels (1) and a plurality of flexible fasteners (2), wherein the water permeable energy dissipation panels (1) are prefabricated panels and are in equilateral triangle shapes, and a plurality of holes (3) are densely distributed in the water permeable energy dissipation panels (1); three edges of one water permeable energy dissipation panel (1) are aligned with one edge of the other three water permeable energy dissipation panels (1), adjacent edges of the other three water permeable energy dissipation panels (1) are aligned, the adjacent edges of the two adjacent water permeable energy dissipation panels (1) are locked after penetrating through holes (3) reserved near the adjacent edges by using a plurality of flexible fasteners (2), and then the four water permeable energy dissipation panels (1) can be assembled into the dyke plugging member with a regular tetrahedron structure.
2. A spliced water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flexible fastener (2) comprises steel strands (5) with bolt holes (4) at two ends, bolts (6) and nuts (7), the steel strands (5) penetrate through holes (3) reserved at the edges of two adjacent permeable energy dissipation panels (1) during assembly, the bolts (6) penetrate through the bolt holes (4) at the two ends of the steel strands (5), the steel strands are hinged through the nuts (7), and after the spatial position of each panel is adjusted, two edges of the rest adjacent panels (1) are hinged according to the same method.
3. A spliced water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the diameter of a bolt hole (4) at the end part of a steel strand (5) in the flexible fastener (2) is smaller than the diameter of the hole (3), the diameter of a nut (9) of the bolt (6) is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole (4), the diameter of a screw rod (8) of the bolt (6) is smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole (4), and the diameter of a nut (7) is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole (4).
4. A spliced water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the permeable energy dissipation panel (1) is made of reinforced concrete material, and the density is not lower than 2.4g/cm3。
5. A spliced water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number and the size of the holes (3) uniformly distributed on the water permeable energy dissipation panel (1) are calculated as follows: the number n is 10, 15 or 21, the diameter of the hole (3)
Wherein L is the side length of the permeable energy dissipation panel (1).
6. A method of constructing a modular water permeable energy dissipating tetrahedral embankment block component according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, paving one water-permeable energy dissipation panel (1) on the ground, aligning three edges of the water-permeable energy dissipation panel with one edge of the other three water-permeable energy dissipation panels (1) respectively, and paving the water-permeable energy dissipation panels on the ground;
secondly, one end of a steel strand (5) of the flexible fastener (2) penetrates through a hole (3) near the adjacent edge of the two permeable energy dissipation panels, a bolt (6) penetrates through bolt holes (4) at two ends of the flexible fastener and is screwed by a nut (7), the two permeable energy dissipation panels are hinged, and three pairs of adjacent edges are hinged in sequence;
and step three, after the spatial position of the water-permeable energy dissipation panels (1) is adjusted, the water-permeable energy dissipation panels are spliced into a tetrahedron structure, adjacent edges of the adjacent water-permeable energy dissipation panels (1) are hinged with each other pairwise by adopting flexible fasteners (2), and finally the dyke plugging member of the water-permeable energy dissipation regular tetrahedron structure is spliced.
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| CN202110357045.4A CN113089571A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Assembled water-permeable energy-dissipating tetrahedral embankment plugging member and construction method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114214975A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-03-22 | 广州市鲁班建筑科技集团股份有限公司 | Pier repairing method and pier protection structure |
| CN116516899A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-01 | 广东大禹水利建设有限公司 | Assembled permeable energy dissipation embankment blocking member and application method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116516899A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-01 | 广东大禹水利建设有限公司 | Assembled permeable energy dissipation embankment blocking member and application method thereof |
| CN116516899B (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-09-15 | 广东大禹水利建设有限公司 | Assembled permeable energy dissipation embankment blocking member and application method thereof |
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