CN113088841B - Method for regulating and controlling creep anisotropy of cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy - Google Patents

Method for regulating and controlling creep anisotropy of cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy Download PDF

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CN113088841B
CN113088841B CN202110358041.8A CN202110358041A CN113088841B CN 113088841 B CN113088841 B CN 113088841B CN 202110358041 A CN202110358041 A CN 202110358041A CN 113088841 B CN113088841 B CN 113088841B
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creep
aluminum alloy
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CN113088841A (en
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刘春辉
陈龙辉
杨建使
马培培
湛利华
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Central South University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling creep anisotropy of cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy, which adopts a non-equal ratio cross rolling mode to carry out cold rolling twice on an aluminum alloy plate, regulates and controls the creep anisotropy according to the deformation proportion between the cold rolling twice, and specifically comprises the following steps: carrying out solid solution on an aluminum alloy plate; carrying out water quenching on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solid solution; and (3) carrying out cold rolling twice on the water-quenched aluminum alloy plate, and then carrying out creep age forming. The method adopts the anisometric cross rolling method, can greatly reduce the creep aging anisotropy of the aluminum alloy material on the premise of keeping the higher creep aging deformation efficiency of the aluminum alloy, has simple and convenient operation method, is suitable for practical production and application, and can realize the high-efficiency and high-precision forming and manufacturing of the aluminum alloy member.

Description

Method for regulating and controlling creep anisotropy of cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy processing, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling creep anisotropy of a cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy.
Background
The aluminum and the aluminum alloy have the advantages of small density, high corrosion resistance, good electric and heat conductivity and the like, and are widely applied to the fields of aerospace, rail traffic and the like. In order to meet the development requirements of modern aerospace/high-speed rail and other large-scale carrying equipment, the manufacturing requirement of higher quality is provided for parts used in service in a complex environment, and the realization of high-performance, high-precision and integral structure manufacturing of components with complex shapes becomes one of the key manufacturing technologies in the modern manufacturing field. Creep age forming is an advanced forming technology which enables materials to slowly deform and age-strengthen under the action of certain temperature and stress, formed components are low in residual stress, good in dimensional stability and capable of synchronously improving material performance, the problem that forming and forming manufacturing of large complex structural components are difficult to cooperate is hopefully solved, and the creep age forming is applied to preparation of large components such as wing skins and integral wall plates produced by airplane manufacturing companies such as airbus and boeing at present. However, a common problem faced by the current creep age forming technology is that the creep amount is small at a forming temperature without reducing the service performance of the aluminum alloy, the rebound of the component is large, and finally the forming precision is poor. Therefore, the development of a process technology for improving the creep efficiency of the aluminum alloy without reducing the performance becomes a difficult problem to be solved for further expanding the creep aging forming application. The creep amount and the strong plasticity matching of the 2219 aluminum alloy can be greatly and synchronously improved by introducing high dislocation density into the aluminum alloy matrix in a room-temperature cold rolling pre-deformation mode, and the method is an important process scheme for realizing the development of the creep age forming technology towards high efficiency and high precision.
The anisotropic behavior of the material is a key factor influencing the forming precision and performance consistency of the large member, and the cold rolling greatly changes the original organization structure of the aluminum alloy while introducing high dislocation density to the aluminum alloy matrix. The grains are greatly elongated in the rolling direction and compressed in the direction normal to the rolling surface, and this microstructural anisotropy brings about a strong anisotropy in the macroscopic properties of the aluminum alloy. In the creep aging deformation process, creep deformation and precipitation strengthening occur simultaneously, as the anisotropy of the microstructure in the material leads to the anisotropy of creep strain and mechanical property of the component after creep aging deformation, the difficulty of rebound prediction and compensation after creep aging forming of the component is increased, and the realization of high-efficiency and high-precision forming and manufacturing of the large deformation state aluminum alloy becomes a challenge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling creep anisotropy of a cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy, and aims to reduce the creep anisotropy on the premise of keeping higher creep age deformation efficiency and realize the development of a creep age forming technology towards high efficiency and high precision.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for regulating and controlling creep anisotropy of a cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy, which adopts a non-equal ratio cross rolling mode to carry out cold rolling twice on an aluminum alloy plate, and regulates and controls the creep anisotropy through the deformation proportion between the cold rolling twice.
Further, the method for regulating and controlling the creep anisotropy of the cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrying out solid solution on an aluminum alloy plate;
step two, performing water quenching on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solid solution in the step one;
step three, cold rolling the aluminum alloy plate subjected to water quenching in the step two, and then performing creep age forming; the specific operation of the cold rolling is as follows: firstly, carrying out first cold rolling pre-deformation on the obtained aluminum alloy plate, and carrying out second cold rolling pre-deformation on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to the first cold rolling pre-deformation by rotating the aluminum alloy plate by 90 degrees around the normal direction of a rolling surface.
Further, the aluminum alloy plate is age-hardening aluminum alloy.
Further, the cold rolling in the third step is carried out at room temperature.
Further, the ratio of the deformation amount of the two cold rolling in the third step can be any value.
Furthermore, in the third step, the creep aging temperature is 70-165 ℃, the treatment time is 2-24 hours, and the creep stress is 50-150 MPa.
The deformation in the rolling process of the method is calculated by adopting an equivalent strain formula during rolling deformation.
Figure BDA0003004323910000021
Figure BDA0003004323910000022
Figure BDA0003004323910000023
Is equivalent strain quantity, t, of each step in the rolling process0Is the initial thickness of each step, t1Is the final thickness of each step.
The degree of creep anisotropy is measured by the in-plane anisotropy Index (IPA).
Figure BDA0003004323910000024
Figure BDA0003004323910000031
Xmax，XminAnd XminThe maximum values of creep deformation after creep aging deformation of the test pieces in the directions of 0 degrees, 45 degrees and 90 degrees respectively,Intermediate values and minimum values.
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method adopts the unequal ratio cross rolling method, can greatly reduce the creep aging anisotropy of the aluminum alloy material on the premise of keeping the higher creep aging deformation efficiency of the aluminum alloy, and when the total thickness is reduced by 80 percent of rolling deformation, the creep anisotropy index of the aluminum alloy in the unequal ratio cross rolling can be reduced from 49 percent to 13 percent most, and the operation method is simple and convenient, is suitable for practical production and application, and can realize the high-efficiency and high-precision forming manufacture of the aluminum alloy member.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparative graph of creep of comparative examples and examples of the present invention
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling creep anisotropy of a cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy, aiming at the existing problems. The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrying out solid solution on an aluminum alloy plate;
step two, performing water quenching on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solid solution in the step one;
step three, cold rolling the aluminum alloy plate subjected to water quenching in the step two at room temperature, and then carrying out creep age forming under the conditions that the aging temperature is 70-165 ℃, the treatment time is 2-24 hours, and the creep stress is 50-150 MPa; the specific operation of the cold rolling is as follows: firstly, carrying out first cold rolling pre-deformation on the obtained aluminum alloy plate, and carrying out second cold rolling pre-deformation on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to the first cold rolling pre-deformation by rotating the aluminum alloy plate by 90 degrees around the normal direction of a rolling surface.
The samples used in the examples were commercial 2219 aluminum alloy; the high-temperature creep aging test is carried out on an RMT-D10 electronic high-temperature creep endurance strength testing machine produced by Sagitatei, wherein the temperature control precision of the testing machine is +/-2 ℃, and the load precision is +/-3N.
The following embodiments were designed based on the above considerations:
comparative example
Carrying out solid solution treatment and water quenching on 2219 aluminum alloy in an air circulation resistance furnace to obtain an aluminum alloy plate; and performing conventional cold rolling deformation treatment at room temperature, reducing the total thickness by 80%, and performing creep test in a creep machine, wherein the creep aging temperature is 140 ℃, the creep time is 6h, and the creep stress is 150 MPa.
Example 1
Performing solution treatment and water quenching on 2219 aluminum alloy in an air circulation resistance furnace to obtain an aluminum alloy plate; and then carrying out unequal ratio cross cold rolling treatment at room temperature, wherein the total thickness is reduced by 80%, and the ratio of rolling deformation of the first step to rolling deformation of the second step is 1: 1, then carrying out a creep experiment in a creep machine, wherein the creep aging temperature is 140 ℃, the creep time is 6h, and the creep stress is 150 MPa.
Example 2
Performing solution treatment and water quenching on 2219 aluminum alloy in an air circulation resistance furnace to obtain an aluminum alloy plate; and then carrying out unequal ratio cross cold rolling treatment at room temperature, wherein the total thickness is reduced by 80%, and the ratio of rolling deformation of the first step to rolling deformation of the second step is 3: 1, then carrying out a creep experiment in a creep machine, wherein the creep aging temperature is 140 ℃, the creep time is 6h, and the creep stress is 150 MPa.
Example 3
Performing solution treatment and water quenching on 2219 aluminum alloy in an air circulation resistance furnace to obtain an aluminum alloy plate; and then carrying out unequal ratio cross cold rolling treatment at room temperature, wherein the total thickness is reduced by 80%, and the ratio of rolling deformation of the first step to rolling deformation of the second step is 4: 1, then carrying out a creep experiment in a creep machine, wherein the creep aging temperature is 140 ℃, the creep time is 6h, and the creep stress is 150 MPa.
TABLE 1 creep anisotropy index for comparative example 1 and examples 1-3
Figure BDA0003004323910000041
Table 1 shows the creep anisotropy index after creep age forming of 2219 aluminum alloy obtained using the conventional rolling method and using the anisometric cross-rolling method of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a creep curve of comparative examples and some examples. It can be found that the creep anisotropy of the aluminum alloy treated by the unequal ratio cross rolling process provided by the invention is obviously reduced compared with the alloy prepared by the conventional cold rolling method, and the creep anisotropy index is reduced from 49% to 13%. The data prove that the method provided by the invention can effectively regulate and control the creep anisotropy of the cold-rolled pre-deformation material, simultaneously enables the material to keep higher creep efficiency, is beneficial to realizing high-efficiency accurate forming of large-scale aluminum alloy components, and is a control method capable of improving the forming accuracy of aluminum alloy products.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A method for regulating creep anisotropy of cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy is characterized in that the method adopts a non-equal ratio cross rolling mode to carry out cold rolling twice on an aluminum alloy plate, and the creep anisotropy is regulated and controlled through the deformation proportion between the cold rolling twice;
the method for regulating and controlling the creep anisotropy of the cold-rolled pre-deformation alloy comprises the following specific steps of:
firstly, carrying out solid solution on an aluminum alloy plate;
step two, performing water quenching on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solid solution in the step one;
step three, cold rolling the aluminum alloy plate subjected to water quenching in the step two, and then creep age forming; the specific operation of the cold rolling is as follows: firstly, carrying out first cold rolling pre-deformation on the obtained aluminum alloy plate, and carrying out second cold rolling pre-deformation on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to the first cold rolling pre-deformation by rotating the aluminum alloy plate by 90 degrees around the normal direction of a rolling surface, wherein the deformation ratio of the two cold rolling in the third step can be any value.
2. The method of modulating creep anisotropy for a cold rolled pre-strained alloy according to claim 1, wherein the aluminium alloy sheet is an age-hardened aluminium alloy.
3. The method of controlling creep anisotropy in cold rolled pre-strained alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that the cold rolling in step three is performed at room temperature.
4. The method for regulating and controlling the creep anisotropy of the cold-rolled pre-deformed alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the creep aging temperature in the third step is 70-165 ℃, the treatment time is 2-24 h, and the creep stress is 50-150 MPa.
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CN102912268A (en) * 2012-09-20 2013-02-06 中南大学 Creep aging forming method for Al-Cu-Mg series alloy sheet material
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