CN113088740A - Foamed aluminum production system and production method - Google Patents
Foamed aluminum production system and production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113088740A CN113088740A CN202110370254.2A CN202110370254A CN113088740A CN 113088740 A CN113088740 A CN 113088740A CN 202110370254 A CN202110370254 A CN 202110370254A CN 113088740 A CN113088740 A CN 113088740A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/065—Cooling or heating equipment for moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
- B22D27/13—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of gas pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
- C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/086—Gas foaming process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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Abstract
The invention provides a foamed aluminum production system and a production method, the foamed aluminum production system comprises a raw material groove, a material grabbing device, a pulverizer, a melting furnace, a holding furnace, a first batch feeder, a heating furnace, a second batch feeder, a water spray tank, a mold and a rail conveying device, the material grabbing device is used for grabbing materials in the raw material groove to the pulverizer, a discharge port of the pulverizer is connected with a feed port of the melting furnace, a discharge port of the melting furnace is connected with the holding furnace, a first feeding port is arranged at the top of the holding furnace, a discharge port of the first batch feeder is connected with the first feeding port, the mold is arranged on the rail conveying device, and the rail conveying device is used for conveying the mold to the holding furnace, the heating furnace and the water spray tank. The foamed aluminum production system is high in automation degree, stable foaming is achieved in the closed second heating chamber in the production process of foamed aluminum, the stability of the production process can be improved under the environment of constant temperature and constant pressure, and the porosity, the shape of holes and various stable performances of foamed aluminum products are guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foamed aluminum production, in particular to a foamed aluminum production system and a foamed aluminum production method.
Background
The foamed aluminum is a functional material with holes distributed in an aluminum or aluminum alloy matrix, has excellent performances of light weight, energy absorption, electromagnetic shielding, sound insulation, noise reduction, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like due to the metal network structure and the hole structure, and has good application prospects in the fields of building industry, automobile manufacturing industry, train manufacturing industry, aerospace industry, chemical industry, weapon manufacturing industry and the like.
The foamed aluminum has excellent performance and wide market prospect, but still cannot be widely and effectively applied at present. The existing foamed aluminum production equipment mainly comprises a heating furnace and a mechanical stirring system, wherein a tackifier and a foaming agent are added into a foamed aluminum melt in the production process, and the foamed aluminum melt is subjected to heat preservation to be freely foamed into a foamed aluminum material, but the internal pore size of the foamed aluminum material prepared by the method is uncontrollable, the consistency of the pore sizes of the same plane is poor, and the gradient of the pore sizes of different planes is increased, so that the foamed aluminum product has low consistency and poor quality stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem of how to control the aperture of the foamed aluminum product and ensure the quality stability of the product.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a foamed aluminum production system which comprises a raw material tank, a material grabbing machine, a crusher, a melting furnace, a heat preservation furnace, a first batch feeder, a heating furnace, a second batch feeder, a water spray tank, a mold and a rail conveying device, wherein the material grabbing machine is used for grabbing materials in the raw material tank to the crusher, a discharge hole of the crusher is connected with a feed hole of the melting furnace, a discharge hole of the melting furnace is connected with the heat preservation furnace, a first batch feeder is arranged at the top of the heat preservation furnace, a first closed door capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the first batch feeder, a discharge hole of the first batch feeder is connected with the first batch feeder, a first stirrer is arranged in the heat preservation furnace, a lifting partition plate is arranged in the heating furnace and divides the internal space of the heating furnace into a first heating chamber and a second heating chamber, a second batch feeder is arranged at the top of the first heating chamber, the mold is characterized in that a second closed door capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the second feeding port, a discharge port of the second feeding machine is connected with the second feeding port, a lifting device and a second stirrer are arranged in the first heating chamber, the lifting device is arranged below the second stirrer, the spray pond is provided with a plurality of spray heads, the mold is arranged on the rail conveying device, and the rail conveying device is used for conveying the mold to the holding furnace, the heating furnace and the spray pond.
Compared with the prior art, the invention designs the complete set of foamed aluminum production system, the foamed aluminum is stably foamed in the closed second heating chamber in the production process, the pore diameters of the same plane of the foamed aluminum blank are uniform and controllable and have high consistency in the environment of constant temperature and constant pressure, and the pore diameters of different planes are uniform and have high density consistency, so that the stability of the production process is improved, the porosity, the pore shape and various performances of the foamed aluminum product are stable, the automation degree of the system is high, the multi-die batch production can be carried out, the production efficiency can be improved, and the production cost is reduced.
In a preferred or optional embodiment, a first gas inlet and a second gas inlet are arranged on the heating furnace, the first gas inlet is communicated with the first heating chamber, the second gas inlet is communicated with the second heating chamber, a first gas pipeline is arranged on the first gas inlet, and a second gas pipeline is arranged on the second gas inlet.
From this, can let in gas in first heating chamber and the second heating chamber through first gas pipeline and second gas pipeline to adjust foaming ambient pressure, make the foaming in-process pressure unanimous, with this improvement foamed aluminum product quality stability, and let in the oxygen in nitrogen gas or the inert gas discharge first heating chamber and the second heating chamber, avoid aluminium liquid oxidation, guarantee product quality.
In a preferred or optional embodiment, a first regulating valve is arranged on the first air inlet, a second regulating valve is arranged on the second air inlet, a first pressure sensor is arranged in the first heating chamber, and a second pressure sensor is arranged in the second heating chamber.
Therefore, the pressure in the first heating chamber and the second heating chamber can be adjusted in a gas pressurization mode, the process parameters can be adjusted according to the product requirements, and the stable quality of each batch of products can be ensured.
In a preferred or alternative embodiment, first and second heating means are provided within the first and second heating chambers, respectively.
Therefore, the heating devices are respectively arranged in the first heating chamber and the second heating chamber, so that the temperature can be independently controlled, and the temperature requirements of different process steps can be met.
In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the first and second heating means are resistive bands or resistive heating patches.
Therefore, the heating device is a resistance band or a resistance heating sheet, can be uniformly distributed in the heating chamber, and ensures that the temperature of each part in the heating chamber is uniform and controllable.
In a preferred or alternative embodiment, a first circulation fan is provided in the first heating chamber and a second circulation fan is provided in the second heating chamber.
Therefore, the circulating fan can improve the air fluidity, so that the mold entering the heating furnace is fully heated.
In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the first agitator is a gate agitator and the second agitator is a ribbon agitator.
From this, first agitator is used for tackifier stirring dispersion, and aluminium liquid viscosity is lower this moment, and stirring time is long, can guarantee fine stirring dispersion effect with the frame agitator, and the second agitator is used for the foamer stirring dispersion, and aluminium liquid viscosity is higher this moment, and stirring time is short, chooses for use the spiral shell belt agitator in order to guarantee foamer homodisperse.
In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the fountain is provided with a leveler.
Therefore, the flattening machine can flatten and shape the foamed aluminum in the cooling process, and is convenient for subsequent processing and use.
The invention also provides a foamed aluminum production method, which applies the foamed aluminum production system and comprises the following steps:
s100, grabbing the aluminum material from the raw material tank to a crusher;
s200, crushing the aluminum material into aluminum blocks by a crusher;
s300, putting an aluminum block into a melting furnace, heating and melting the aluminum block into aluminum liquid, and keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid in a heat preservation furnace;
s400, a first feeder feeds a tackifier into the molten aluminum, and a first stirrer is started to stir and disperse;
s500, injecting molten aluminum into the mold in the heat preservation furnace, and conveying the mold into a first heating chamber of the heating furnace by the rail conveying device;
s600, lifting the mold to a station by a lifting device, adding a foaming agent into the mold by a second feeder, starting a second stirrer, and stirring and dispersing;
s700, the lifting device lowers the mold, the rail conveying device conveys the mold into a second heating chamber of the heating furnace, and the mold is kept stand and insulated;
s800, conveying the mold to a water spraying pool by a rail conveying device, and spraying cooling water to the mold by the water spraying pool;
and S900, demolding the mold to obtain the foamed aluminum product.
Compared with the prior art, the production method of the foamed aluminum has the advantages of simple process steps, high production efficiency, high automation degree, and controllable process parameters by equipment, can improve the stability of the production process, and is suitable for industrial batch production.
In a preferred or alternative embodiment, step S600 includes flowing nitrogen gas into the first heating chamber to control the pressure in the first heating chamber, and step S700 includes flowing nitrogen gas into the second heating chamber to control the pressure in the second heating chamber.
From this, this step is through letting in nitrogen gas in order to control the heating chamber internal pressure in to the heating chamber, makes foamed aluminum solution foam under the constant voltage environment for foamed aluminum product coplanar aperture is even, the uniformity is high, and different plane aperture sizes are even, density is unanimous, guarantees product quality stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a foamed aluminum production system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an aluminum foam production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural view of a sealed casing of an aluminum foam production system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-raw material tank, 2-material grabbing, 3-pulverizer, 4-melting furnace, 5-holding furnace, 51-first stirrer, 52-first feeding machine, 6-heating furnace, 61-lifting partition plate, 62-first heating chamber, 63-second heating chamber, 64-second stirrer, 65-lifting device, 66-second feeding machine, 67-holding cover, 71-first gas pipeline, 72-first regulating valve, 73-second gas pipeline, 74-second regulating valve, 75-first heating device, 76-second heating device, 77-first circulating fan, 78-second circulating fan, 8-water spray tank, 81-pressing machine, 9-rail conveying device, 10-mold and 11-sealed shell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "back", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the foamed aluminum production system of the present embodiment includes a raw material tank 1, a material-grasping tank 2, a crusher 3, a melting furnace 4, a holding furnace 5, a first batch feeder 52, a heating furnace 6, a second batch feeder 66, a water spray tank 8, a mold 10, and a rail conveyor 9. The raw material tank 1 is used for containing aluminum raw materials; the grabbing material 2 is used for grabbing the aluminum material raw material in the raw material tank 1 to the crusher 3; the crusher 3 is used for crushing the aluminum material raw material into aluminum blocks; the melting furnace 4 is used for melting the aluminum blocks into aluminum liquid; the holding furnace 5 is used for containing molten aluminum; the first feeder 52 is used for containing the tackifier and feeding the tackifier into the holding furnace 5; foaming and molding the aluminum liquid in the mold 10, wherein the number of the mold 10 is not limited; the rail conveying device 9 is used for conveying the mold 10 among the holding furnace 5, the heating furnace 6 and the water spraying pool 8; the second feeding machine 66 is used for containing a foaming agent and feeding the foaming agent into the die 10; the heating furnace 6 is used for foaming and molding the aluminum liquid; the fountain 8 is used to cool the mould 10.
Specifically, raw material tank 1 is the open container, and the aluminum product raw materials is placed in raw material tank 1, and raw material tank 1 bottom is equipped with weighing module for the control aluminum product quantity. Grab material 2 and snatch the aluminum product raw materials of raw materials groove 1 to the feed inlet of rubbing crusher 3 through electric control. The discharge gate of rubbing crusher 3 is connected with the feed inlet of melting furnace 4, and the heating structure of melting furnace 4 is electrical heating, and the volume of melting furnace 4 is less than holding furnace 5, can be with aluminium pig quick melting, and the discharge gate of melting furnace 4 is connected with holding furnace 5.
The top of heat preservation stove 5 is equipped with first dog-house, and the discharge gate and the first dog-house of first feeder 52 are connected, are equipped with the first closed door that can open and close on the first dog-house, and first closed door electric control opens and close, and first closed door is opened during the material of throwing, closes after throwing the material, prevents that first feeder 52 from leaking the material in to heat preservation stove 5. The holding furnace 5 is internally provided with a first stirrer 51 for stirring the aluminum liquid so as to uniformly disperse the tackifier put into the first batch feeder 52. The holding furnace 5 is provided with a weighing module, and the adding amount of the tackifier is determined according to the weight of the aluminum liquid in the holding furnace 5.
The heating furnace 6 is a tunnel type heating furnace 6, and a lifting partition plate 61 is provided inside the heating furnace 6, and the lifting partition plate 61 divides the internal space of the heating furnace 6 into a first heating chamber 62 and a second heating chamber 63. The elevating partition 61 is electrically controlled, so that the mold 10 can be moved from the first heating chamber 62 to the second heating chamber 63 when the elevating partition 61 is raised, and the temperatures of the first heating chamber 62 and the second heating chamber 63 can be controlled when the elevating partition 61 is lowered. The foamed aluminum is stably foamed in the closed second heating chamber 62 in the production process, the constant temperature and pressure environment can ensure that the apertures of the same plane of the foamed aluminum blank are uniform and controllable, the consistency is high, the apertures of different planes are uniform, the density consistency is high, the stability of the production process is improved, the porosity, the shape and various performances of the foamed aluminum product are stable,
the top of the first heating chamber 62 is provided with a second feeding port, a discharge port of the second feeding machine 66 is connected with the second feeding port, the second feeding port is provided with a second closed door which can be opened and closed, the second closed door is electrically controlled to be opened and closed, the second closed door is opened during feeding and is closed after feeding, and the second feeding machine 66 is prevented from leaking materials into the heating furnace 6.
The first heating chamber 62 is further provided with a lifting device 65 and a second stirrer 64, the lifting device 65 is arranged below the second stirrer 64 and used for lifting the mould 10 to the station position, and the second stirrer 64 is used for stirring the aluminum liquid in the mould 10 to uniformly disperse the foaming agent.
Furthermore, a first heating device 75 is arranged in the first heating chamber 62, a second heating device 76 is arranged in the second heating chamber 63, and heating devices are respectively arranged in the first heating chamber 62 and the second heating chamber 63, so that the temperature can be controlled independently, and the temperature requirements of different process steps can be met. The first heating device 75 and the second heating device 76 are resistance tapes laid in a net shape, and the temperature of each part in the heating chamber is ensured to be uniform. In other embodiments, the heating device may be a resistance heating plate, and the resistance band or the resistance heating plate may be arranged in a grid-like or corrugated structure, and distributed uniformly in the heating chamber 6, so as to ensure uniform and controllable temperature of each part in the heating chamber 6.
In addition, in order to ensure that the mold 10 is heated sufficiently, a first circulating fan 77 is provided in the first heating chamber 62, and a second circulating fan 78 is provided in the second heating chamber 63, which can improve the fluidity of the air in the heating chamber, so that the mold 10 is heated uniformly.
The spray pond 8 is provided with a plurality of spray headers, and the spray headers spray water in the spray pond 8 to the surface of the mould 10, so that the metal liquid in the mould 10 is rapidly cooled, and the foamed aluminum can be obtained after demoulding.
Further, set up flatting mill 81 on fountain 8, flatting mill 81 has the dull and stereotyped board, can flatten the plastic to foamed aluminum through the dull and stereotyped board, improves the product quality, and the follow-up processing of being convenient for is used.
The foamed aluminum production system of this embodiment degree of automation is high, can carry out multi-die batch production, can improve production efficiency, reduction in production cost, and technological parameter accessible PLC remote control improves production technology stability, guarantees foamed aluminum product property stability.
The embodiment is optimally designed on the basis of the embodiment, the first stirrer 51 is a frame type stirrer, the first stirrer 51 is used for stirring and dispersing the tackifier, the viscosity of the aluminum liquid is low at the moment, the stirring time is long, and the frame type stirrer can ensure a good stirring and dispersing effect. The second stirrer 64 is a helical ribbon stirrer, the second stirrer 64 is used for stirring and dispersing the foaming agent, the viscosity of the aluminum liquid is high at the moment, the stirring time is short, and the helical ribbon stirrer is selected to ensure the uniform dispersion of the foaming agent. And a stirring shaft of the second stirrer 64 and a corresponding stirring motor are in high-speed rotary connection and sealing by adopting magnetic fluid, so that the sealing property of the heating furnace 6 is ensured, and constant-pressure foaming is realized.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is optimized based on the above embodiments, and mainly adds a gas inlet structure. In the embodiment, the heating furnace 6 is provided with a first air inlet and a second air inlet, the first air inlet is communicated with the first heating chamber 62, the second air inlet is communicated with the second heating chamber 63, the first air inlet is provided with a first gas pipeline 71, and the second air inlet is provided with a second gas pipeline 73. Nitrogen or inert gas can be introduced into the first heating chamber 62 and the second heating chamber 63 through the first gas pipeline 71 and the second gas pipeline 73, oxygen in the first heating chamber 62 and the second heating chamber 63 is discharged, oxidation of aluminum liquid is avoided, and product quality is guaranteed.
The heat preservation foaming is an important link of the production process of the foamed aluminum, and the decomposition speed of the foaming agent determines the porosity, the shape of pores and other application properties of the foamed aluminum. In the prior art, the consumption of the foaming agent and the heat preservation temperature can be generally only controlled, the influence of neglected pressure on foaming is avoided, gas is generated due to the decomposition of the foaming agent in the foaming process, part of the gas is separated from the aluminum liquid and enters the heating chamber, the air pressure in the heating chamber is changed, and the foaming speed is further influenced. In this embodiment, the first air inlet is provided with a first regulating valve 72, the second air inlet is provided with a second regulating valve 74, the first heating chamber 62 is provided with a first pressure sensor, the second heating chamber 63 is provided with a second pressure sensor, and the pressure in the first heating chamber 62 and the pressure in the second heating chamber 63 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of the first regulating valve 72 and the second regulating valve 74. During the production of each batch of foamed aluminum, the pressure in the second heating chamber 63 is kept constant in the heat preservation foaming link, so that the stable quality of each batch of products can be ensured.
Referring to fig. 3, this embodiment is another aluminum foam production system, which adds a sealed housing 11 on the basis of the above embodiment, and arranges a first batch feeder 52 and a first batch feeder 52 on the top of the sealed housing 11, and a holding furnace 5 and a heating furnace 6 are installed in the sealed housing 11. Therefore, the sealing shell 11 creates a completely sealed environment for the heat preservation furnace 5 and the heating furnace 6, which is beneficial to maintaining a constant temperature and pressure environment in the foaming process of the foamed aluminum and improving the quality of the foamed aluminum product.
Furthermore, a gas pipeline can be connected to the sealing shell 11, gas is introduced into the sealing shell 11, pressure control is carried out on the materials in the holding furnace 5, pressure and temperature control from feeding to the whole foaming process is realized, and stability of products in each batch is guaranteed.
Referring to fig. 3, the holding furnace 5 is provided with a rotating shaft, and the holding furnace 5 can be turned over by the rotation of the rotating shaft. The top of the heating furnace 6 is provided with a heat preservation cover 67 which is driven by an upper cylinder to lift and close, when the heat preservation furnace 5 is turned over and fed, the heat preservation cover 67 is opened, the solution is directly poured into the inner die 10 from the top of the heating furnace 6, and the heat preservation cover 67 is closed after feeding is completed, so that the subsequent production steps are performed. The feeding mode improves the automation degree of equipment and the production efficiency, the feeding in the die 10 is not required to be exposed in the external environment, the uncontrollable factors in the production process are reduced, and the improvement of the quality of the foamed aluminum product is facilitated.
The method for producing foamed aluminum using the foamed aluminum production system in the above embodiment includes the steps of:
s100, grabbing the aluminum material from the raw material tank 1 to the crusher 3 by the manipulator 2, wherein the grabbing amount is recorded by the weighing module of the raw material tank 1.
And S200, starting the crusher 3 to crush the aluminum material into aluminum blocks.
S300, putting the aluminum blocks into a melting furnace 4, heating and melting the aluminum blocks into aluminum liquid, wherein the heating temperature is 670-800 ℃, and transferring the aluminum liquid melted in the melting furnace 4 into a heat preservation furnace 5 for heat preservation, and the heat preservation temperature is 670-800 ℃.
S400, a first feeder 52 feeds the tackifier into the aluminum liquid, the feeding amount of the tackifier is determined according to the mass of the aluminum liquid in the holding furnace 5, the feeding amount of the tackifier is 1.5-3.5% of the mass fraction of the aluminum liquid, a first stirrer 51 is started, the stirring speed is 800-2000 rpm, the stirring time is 5-15 min, and the tackifier is stirred and dispersed in the aluminum liquid.
S500, opening a liquid outlet of the heat preservation furnace 5, injecting the molten aluminum in the heat preservation furnace 5 into the mold 10, controlling the injection amount of the molten aluminum according to a weighing module of the heat preservation furnace 5, and conveying the mold 10 into the first heating chamber 62 of the heating furnace 6 by the rail conveying device 9.
S600, controlling the temperature in the first heating chamber 62 to be 670-800 ℃ by the first heating device 75, opening the first adjusting valve 72, introducing nitrogen into the first heating chamber 62, and controlling the pressure in the first heating chamber 62 to be 0.08-0.2 Mpa; the lifting device 65 lifts the mould 10 to a station, the second batch feeder 66 feeds foaming agent into the mould 10, the adding amount of the foaming agent is 1% -3% of the mass fraction of the aluminum liquid in the mould 10, the second stirrer 64 is started, the stirring speed is 1000rpm-2000rpm, the stirring time is 20s-120s, and the foaming agent is stirred and dispersed in the aluminum liquid.
S700, the lifting device 65 lowers the mold 10, the lifting partition plate 61 rises, the track conveying device 9 sends the mold 10 into the second heating chamber 63 of the heating furnace 6, and the lifting partition plate 61 descends; the second heating device 76 controls the temperature in the second heating chamber 63 to 600-700 ℃, the second regulating valve 74 is opened, nitrogen is introduced into the second heating chamber 63, and the pressure in the second heating chamber 63 is controlled to be 0.08-0.2 Mpa; standing and preserving heat for 3-15 min.
S800, the mold 10 is conveyed to a water spraying pool 8 through a rail conveying device 9, the top of the foamed aluminum is pressed by a flattening machine 81, and cooling water is sprayed to the mold 10 through a spray head, so that the mold 10 and the foamed aluminum in the mold 10 are rapidly cooled.
And S900, demolding the mold 10 to obtain the foamed aluminum product.
The production method of the foamed aluminum has the advantages of simple process steps, high production efficiency, high automation degree, and controllable process parameters, can improve the stability of the production process, and is suitable for industrial batch production. The method is characterized in that nitrogen is introduced into the heating chamber to control the pressure in the heating chamber, the temperature is adjusted by controlling the heating device, so that the foamed aluminum solution is foamed in a constant-temperature and constant-pressure environment, the apertures of the same plane of the foamed aluminum product are uniform and high in consistency, the apertures of different planes are uniform and consistent in density, the product quality is good, and the stable quality of foamed aluminum of different batches can be ensured by controlling the temperature and the pressure.
In the description herein, references to the terms "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and "one implementation," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or implementation is included in at least one embodiment or example implementation of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or implementations.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A foamed aluminum production system is characterized by comprising a raw material tank (1), a grabbing material (2), a crusher (3), a melting furnace (4), a heat preservation furnace (5), a first batch feeder (52), a heating furnace (6), a second batch feeder (66), a water spray pond (8), a mold (10) and a rail conveying device (9), wherein the grabbing material (2) is used for grabbing the material in the raw material tank (1) to the crusher (3), a discharge port of the crusher (3) is connected with a feed port of the melting furnace (4), a discharge port of the melting furnace (4) is connected with the heat preservation furnace (5), a first batch port is arranged at the top of the heat preservation furnace (5), a first closed door capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the first batch port, a discharge port of the first batch feeder (52) is connected with the first batch port, a first stirrer (51) is arranged in the heat preservation furnace (5), the heating furnace is characterized in that a lifting partition plate (61) is arranged in the heating furnace (6), the inner space of the heating furnace (6) is divided into a first heating chamber (62) and a second heating chamber (63) by the lifting partition plate (61), a second feeding port is arranged at the top of the first heating chamber (62), a second closed door capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the second feeding port, a discharge port of a second feeding machine (66) is connected with the second feeding port, a lifting device (65) and a second stirrer (64) are arranged in the first heating chamber (62), the lifting device (65) is arranged below the second stirrer (64), a plurality of spray headers are arranged on the spray pond (8), the mold (10) is arranged on the track conveying device (9), and the track conveying device (9) is used for conveying the mold (10) to the heat preservation furnace (5), The heating furnace (6) and the water spraying pool (8).
2. The foamed aluminum production system according to claim 1, wherein the heating furnace (6) is provided with a first gas inlet and a second gas inlet, the first gas inlet is communicated with the first heating chamber (62), the second gas inlet is communicated with the second heating chamber (63), the first gas inlet is provided with a first gas pipeline (71), and the second gas inlet is provided with a second gas pipeline (73).
3. The foamed aluminum production system of claim 2, wherein a first regulating valve (72) is provided on the first gas inlet, a second regulating valve (74) is provided on the second gas inlet, a first pressure sensor is provided in the first heating chamber (62), and a second pressure sensor is provided in the second heating chamber (63).
4. An aluminium foam production system according to claim 1, wherein the first and second heating chambers (62, 63) are provided with first and second heating means (75, 76), respectively.
5. The foamed aluminum production system of claim 4, wherein the first heating device (75) and the second heating device (76) are resistance bands or resistance heating strips.
6. An aluminium foam production system according to claim 4, wherein a first circulation fan (77) is provided in the first heating chamber (62) and a second circulation fan (78) is provided in the second heating chamber (63).
7. An aluminium foam production system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first stirrer (51) is a gate stirrer and the second stirrer (64) is a ribbon stirrer.
8. A foamed aluminium production system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fountain (8) is provided with a leveler (81).
9. A method for producing aluminum foam, characterized by applying the system for producing aluminum foam of claim 1, the method comprising the steps of:
s100, grabbing the aluminum material from the raw material tank (1) to a crusher (3) by the grabbing device (2);
s200, crushing the aluminum material into aluminum blocks by a crusher (3);
s300, putting an aluminum block into a melting furnace (4) for heating and melting into aluminum liquid, and putting the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace (5) for heat preservation;
s400, a first batch feeder (52) feeds the tackifier into the molten aluminum, and a first stirrer (51) is started to stir and disperse;
s500, injecting molten aluminum into the mold (10) in the heat preservation furnace (5), and conveying the mold (10) into a first heating chamber (62) of the heating furnace (6) by the rail conveying device (9);
s600, lifting the mould (10) to a station by a lifting device (65), adding a foaming agent into the mould (10) by a second feeding machine (66), and starting a second stirrer (64) to stir and disperse;
s700, the lifting device (65) descends the mold (10), the rail conveying device (9) conveys the mold (10) into a second heating chamber (63) of the heating furnace (6), and standing and heat preservation are carried out;
s800, conveying the mold (10) to a water spraying pool (8) by a rail conveying device (9), and spraying cooling water to the mold (10) by a spraying head;
and S900, demolding the mold (10) to obtain the foamed aluminum product.
10. The method for producing foamed aluminum according to claim 9 wherein the step S600 comprises introducing nitrogen gas into the first heating chamber (62) to control the pressure in the first heating chamber (62); and the step S700 comprises the steps of introducing nitrogen into the second heating chamber (63) and controlling the pressure in the second heating chamber (63).
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| CN114537308A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-27 | 靖江市钜顺精密轻合金成型科技有限公司 | High-precision die-casting aluminum casting for automobile manufacturing and die-casting die thereof |
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