CN113088011A - Composite interface microporous plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite interface microporous plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
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Abstract
The application discloses a composite interface microporous plate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite interface microporous plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polystyrene beads, 2-5 parts of nano graphite particles subjected to surface physical modification, 0.6-2 parts of composite foaming agent, 2-10 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 2-10 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8-12 parts of plant fiber, 5-15 parts of polystyrene fiber, 2-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5-8 parts of water-based epoxy resin. The tensile property, the crack resistance and the compression resistance of the composite interface microporous plate are improved by adding fibrous substances such as plant fibers, polystyrene fibers and the like, wherein the polystyrene fibers and the polystyrene particles belong to the same substance, the uniformity can be kept in the foaming process, and the integrity of the composite interface microporous plate is ensured; by adding the nano titanium dioxide particles, the high reflection performance of titanium dioxide is utilized to effectively reflect the external solar illumination, a large amount of infrared light capable of generating heat is reflected out, and the heat insulation performance of the composite interface layer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insulation boards, in particular to a composite interface microporous board and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The insulation boards are various, such as EPS insulation boards, XPS insulation boards, polyurethane insulation boards and the like, but have the defects of common insulation boards, such as low tensile strength, easy pulverization and instability, particularly poor tensile property perpendicular to the board surface, and the insulation boards still have large deformation in the use process, which can generate adverse effects on the overall insulation effect of the building; although the thermal conductivity of the insulation board is low, the long-term stability of the thermal conductivity is poor, and the insulation performance of the insulation board is poor after long-term use; the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation board is also required to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a composite interface microporous plate and a preparation method thereof, the composite interface microporous plate can obviously increase the long-term stability of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the composite interface microporous plate by adding fibrous substances such as plant fibers, polystyrene fibers and the like, improve the service life of the composite interface microporous plate, ensure the long-term effectiveness and stability of the heat-preservation and flame-retardant performance of the composite interface microporous plate, and increase the tensile property, the crack resistance and the compression resistance of the composite interface microporous plate; by adding the nano titanium dioxide particles, the high reflection performance of titanium dioxide is utilized to effectively reflect the external solar illumination, a large amount of infrared light capable of generating heat is reflected out, and the heat insulation performance of the composite interface layer is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a composite interface microporous plate, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polystyrene beads, 2-5 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 0.6-2 parts of a composite foaming agent, 2-10 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 2-10 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8-12 parts of plant fibers, 5-15 parts of polystyrene fibers, 2-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5-8 parts of water-based epoxy resin. By adding fibrous substances such as plant fibers, polystyrene fibers and the like, the long-term stability of the heat conductivity coefficient of the composite interface microporous plate can be obviously improved, the service life of the composite interface microporous plate is prolonged, the long-term effectiveness and the stability of the heat-preservation and flame-retardant performance of the composite interface microporous plate are ensured, the tensile property, the crack resistance and the compression resistance of the composite interface microporous plate are improved, the polystyrene fibers and the polystyrene particles belong to the same substance, the uniformity can be kept in the foaming process, and the integrity of the composite interface heat-preservation plate is ensured; by adding the nano titanium dioxide particles, the high reflection performance of titanium dioxide is utilized to effectively reflect the external solar illumination, and a large amount of infrared light capable of generating heat is reflected out, so that the heat insulation performance of the composite interface layer is improved; polystyrene is used as a base material of the heat-insulating plate, and the heat-insulating plate is lighter.
In one example, the composite interface microplate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 56 parts of polystyrene beads, 4 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 1 part of composite foaming agent, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of polystyrene fiber, 8 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5 parts of water-based epoxy resin.
In one example, the composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 30-50 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20-30 parts of difluoromethane and 15-30 parts of carbon dioxide fluid. The composite foaming agent prepared from the components is a pollution-free and non-toxic foaming agent, is more environment-friendly and has no harm to human bodies.
In one example, the composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 30 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20 parts of difluoromethane and 15 parts of carbon dioxide fluid.
In one example, the carbon dioxide fluid is a supercritical carbon dioxide fluid.
In one example, the particle size of the modified nano graphite particle is 80-150 nm.
In one example, the polystyrene beads are graded from bead sizes in different size ranges; the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is as follows:
0.5～1mm：5～20％；
1～1.5mm：30～40％；
1.5～2.5mm：30～50％；
2.5～4mm：15～30％。
when the polystyrene beads are in the range of the proportion, the grading is in a scientific range, the particle size distribution is more uniform, and the polystyrene beads with small particle sizes can fill gaps among the polystyrene beads with large particle sizes, so that the strength of the composite interface microporous plate is increased.
In one example, the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is specifically as follows: 0.5-1 mm: 10 percent; 1-1.5 mm: 35 percent; 1.5-2.5 mm: 35 percent; 2.5-4 mm: 20 percent.
In one example, the nano titanium dioxide particles have a particle size of 20 to 30 nm. When the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 20-30 nm, the reflection effect of the nano titanium dioxide particles on external heat can reach the optimal value, and the heat insulation effect of the composite interface microporous plate can be obviously improved.
In one example, the plant fiber is made from crop straw; the length of the plant fiber is 8-10 mm, and the length of the polystyrene fiber is 4-5 mm. The plant fiber is made of crop straws, so that the manufacturing cost can be further saved, the straws are recycled for the second time, and the environment is protected.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a preparation method of the composite interface microporous plate, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing the polystyrene beads, the modified nano graphite particles, the flame-retardant polyester polyol, the flame-retardant polyether polyol, the plant fibers, the polystyrene fibers, the nano titanium dioxide particles and the water-based epoxy resin, melting and mixing the materials in a first extruder under the dynamic change state of certain temperature and pressure conditions, and injecting the prepared composite foaming agent of the components into the tail end of the first extruder;
2) the material enters a second extruder through the output end of the first extruder and is subjected to low-temperature high-pressure modification;
3) entering a static mixing section for further mixing;
4) entering a dynamic mixing section for dynamic mixing;
5) and extruding through a die head to obtain the composite interface microporous plate.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly explain the overall concept of the invention, the following detailed description is given by way of example in conjunction with the description.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is therefore not to be considered as limiting.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of the terms "one aspect," "some aspects," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the aspect or example is included in at least one aspect or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same solution or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more aspects or examples.
A composite interface microporous plate, GPIR plate for short, is a plastic microporous insulation plate with an interface mortar surface layer, which is prepared by taking polystyrene as a base material, adding modified nano graphite particles and an additive mixture, mixing at high temperature and high pressure, debugging at low temperature, injecting supercritical composite foaming agent-containing fluid at high pressure for foaming, and pressing by a special extrusion process.
The invention firstly provides a composite interface microporous plate which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polystyrene beads, 2-5 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 0.6-2 parts of a composite foaming agent, 2-10 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 2-10 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8-12 parts of plant fibers, 5-15 parts of polystyrene fibers, 2-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5-8 parts of water-based epoxy resin. By adding fibrous substances such as plant fibers, polystyrene fibers and the like, the long-term stability of the heat conductivity coefficient of the composite interface microporous plate can be obviously improved, the service life of the composite interface microporous plate is prolonged, the long-term effectiveness and the stability of the heat-preservation and flame-retardant performance of the composite interface microporous plate are ensured, the tensile property, the crack resistance and the compression resistance of the composite interface microporous plate are improved, the polystyrene fibers and the polystyrene particles belong to the same substance, the uniformity can be kept in the foaming process, and the integrity of the composite interface heat-preservation plate is ensured; by adding the nano titanium dioxide particles, the high reflection performance of titanium dioxide is utilized to effectively reflect the external solar illumination, and a large amount of infrared light capable of generating heat is reflected out, so that the heat insulation performance of the composite interface layer is improved; polystyrene is used as a base material of the heat-insulating plate, and the heat-insulating plate is lighter.
In a specific embodiment, the composite interface microporous plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 56 parts of polystyrene beads, 4 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 1 part of composite foaming agent, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of polystyrene fiber, 8 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5 parts of water-based epoxy resin.
In one specific embodiment, the composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 30-50 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20-30 parts of difluoromethane and 15-30 parts of carbon dioxide fluid. The composite foaming agent prepared from the components is a pollution-free and non-toxic foaming machine, and is more environment-friendly.
In one specific embodiment, the composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 30 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20 parts of difluoromethane and 15 parts of carbon dioxide fluid.
In a particular embodiment, the carbon dioxide fluid is a supercritical carbon dioxide fluid.
In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the modified nano graphite particles is 80-150 nm.
In a specific embodiment, the polystyrene beads are graded from bead sizes in different size ranges; the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is as follows:
0.5～1mm：5～20％；
1～1.5mm：30～40％；
1.5～2.5mm：30～50％；
2.5～4mm：15～30％。
when the polystyrene beads are in the range of the proportion, the grading is in a scientific range, the particle size distribution is more uniform, and the polystyrene beads with small particle sizes can fill gaps among the polystyrene beads with large particle sizes, so that the strength of the composite interface microporous plate is increased.
In a specific embodiment, the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is specifically as follows: 0.5-1 mm: 10 percent; 1-1.5 mm: 35 percent; 1.5-2.5 mm: 35 percent; 2.5-4 mm: 20 percent.
In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 20-30 nm. When the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 20-30 nm, the reflection effect of the nano titanium dioxide particles on external heat can reach the optimal value, and the heat insulation effect of the composite interface microporous plate can be obviously improved.
In one embodiment, the plant fiber is made from crop straw; the length of the plant fiber is 8-10 mm, and the length of the polystyrene fiber is 4-5 mm. The plant fiber is made of crop straws, so that the manufacturing cost can be further saved, the straws are recycled for the second time, and the environment is protected.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the composite interface microporous plate, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing the polystyrene beads, the modified nano graphite particles, the flame-retardant polyester polyol, the flame-retardant polyether polyol, the plant fibers, the polystyrene fibers, the nano titanium dioxide particles and the water-based epoxy resin, melting and mixing the materials in a first extruder under the dynamic change state of certain temperature and pressure conditions, and injecting the prepared composite foaming agent of the components into the tail end of the first extruder;
2) the material enters a second extruder through the output end of the first extruder and is subjected to low-temperature high-pressure modification;
3) entering a static mixing section for further mixing;
4) entering a dynamic mixing section for dynamic mixing;
5) and extruding through a die head to obtain the composite interface microporous plate.
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the preparation methods in the examples are all conventional ones and will not be described in detail.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a composite interface microporous plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of polystyrene beads, 5 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 2 parts of a composite foaming agent, 5 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 5 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 10 parts of plant fibers, 10 parts of polystyrene fibers, 8 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5 parts of water-based epoxy resin.
The composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 30 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20 parts of difluoromethane and 15 parts of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid;
the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is as follows: 0.5-1 mm: 5 percent; 1-1.5 mm: 30 percent; 1.5-2.5 mm: 40 percent; 2.5-4 mm: 25 percent;
the particle size of the modified nano graphite particles is 80 nm; the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 20 nm; the length of the plant fiber made of the crop straws is 8mm, and the length of the polystyrene fiber is 4 mm.
During preparation, firstly, 50 parts of polystyrene beads, 5 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 5 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 5 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 10 parts of plant fibers, 10 parts of polystyrene fibers, 8 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5 parts of water-based epoxy resin are mixed, and are melted and mixed in a first extruder under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 180-230 ℃ and the pressure is 20-28 MPa, and 2 parts of prepared composite foaming agent of the components are injected into the tail end of the first extruder; the material enters the input end of a second extruder through the output end of the first extruder, and low-temperature high-pressure regulation is carried out under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 160-180 ℃ and the pressure is 16-18 MPa; then entering a static mixing section for further mixing to realize further homogenization; then entering a dynamic mixing section for dynamic mixing under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 120-160 ℃ and the pressure is 12-16 MPa; and extruding through a die head to obtain the composite interface microporous plate.
Example two:
a composite interface microporous plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 56 parts of polystyrene beads, 4 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 1 part of composite foaming agent, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of polystyrene fiber, 8 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5 parts of water-based epoxy resin.
The composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 40 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20 parts of difluoromethane and 20 parts of carbon dioxide fluid;
the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is as follows: 0.5-1 mm: 20 percent; 1-1.5 mm: 30 percent; 1.5-2.5 mm: 30 percent; 2.5-4 mm: 20 percent;
the particle size of the modified nano graphite particles is 150 nm; the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 30 nm; the length of the plant fiber made of the crop straw is 10 mm; the length of the polystyrene fiber was 5 mm.
When the modified nano-graphite particle is prepared, firstly, 56 parts of polystyrene beads, 4 parts of modified nano-graphite particles, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 10 parts of plant fibers, 10 parts of polystyrene fibers, 8 parts of nano-titanium dioxide particles and 5 parts of water-based epoxy resin are mixed, and subjected to preliminary melt mixing in a first extruder under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 180-230 ℃ and the pressure is 20-28 MPa, and 1 part of prepared composite foaming agent of the components is injected into the tail end of the first extruder; arranging a screen mesh at the output end of the first extruder, filtering the material by the output end of the first extruder, feeding the filtered material into the input end of the second extruder, and performing low-temperature high-pressure regulation under the dynamic change state of 160-180 ℃ and 16-18 MPa pressure; then entering a static mixing section for further mixing to realize further homogenization; then, the mixture enters a dynamic mixing section for dynamic mixing under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 120-160 ℃ and the pressure is 12-16 MPa, and the consistency of the cross section temperature of the mixed material is realized in the process of gradual change of the pressure and the temperature; and finally, extruding the mixture through a die head under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 85-95 ℃ and the pressure is 8-11 MPa to prepare the composite interface microporous plate.
Example three:
a composite interface microporous plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polystyrene beads, 3 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 0.6 part of composite foaming agent, 2 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 2 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8 parts of plant fiber, 5 parts of polystyrene fiber, 3.4 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 6 parts of waterborne epoxy resin.
The composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 30 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 25 parts of difluoromethane and 15 parts of carbon dioxide fluid;
the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is as follows: 0.5-1 mm: 10 percent; 1-1.5 mm: 35 percent; 1.5-2.5 mm: 40 percent; 2.5-4 mm: 15 percent;
the particle size of the modified nano graphite particles is 100 nm; the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 25 nm; the length of the plant fiber made of the crop straw is 9 mm; the length of the polystyrene fiber was 4.5 mm.
During preparation, firstly, 70 parts of polystyrene beads, 3 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 2 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 2 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8 parts of plant fibers, 5 parts of polystyrene fibers, 3.4 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 6 parts of water-based epoxy resin are mixed, preliminary melt mixing is carried out in a first extruder under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 180-230 ℃ and the pressure is 20-28 MPa, and 0.6 part of prepared composite foaming agent of the components is injected into the tail end of the first extruder; arranging a screen at the input end of the second extruder, filtering the material by the output end of the first extruder, feeding the filtered material into the input end of the second extruder, and performing low-temperature high-pressure regulation under the dynamic change state of 160-180 ℃ and 16-18 MPa pressure; then entering a static mixing section for further mixing to realize further homogenization; then entering a dynamic mixing section for dynamic mixing under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 120-160 ℃ and the pressure is 12-16 MPa; and finally, extruding the mixture through a die head under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 85-95 ℃ and the pressure is 8-11 MPa to prepare the composite interface microporous plate.
Example four:
a composite interface microporous plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polystyrene beads, 2 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 1.5 parts of a composite foaming agent, 4 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 4 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8 parts of plant fiber, 5.5 parts of polystyrene fiber, 2 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 8 parts of water-based epoxy resin.
The composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 35 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20 parts of difluoromethane and 20 parts of carbon dioxide fluid;
the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is as follows: 0.5-1 mm: 15 percent; 1-1.5 mm: 30 percent; 1.5-2.5 mm: 35 percent; 2.5-4 mm: 20 percent;
the particle size of the modified nano graphite particles is 90 nm; the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 22 nm; the length of the plant fiber made of the crop straw is 8.5 mm; the length of the polystyrene fiber was 4.2 mm.
During preparation, firstly, 65 parts of polystyrene beads, 2 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 4 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 4 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8 parts of plant fibers, 5.5 parts of polystyrene fibers, 2 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 8 parts of water-based epoxy resin are mixed, preliminary melt mixing is carried out in a first extruder under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 180-230 ℃ and the pressure is 20-28 MPa, and 1.5 parts of prepared composite foaming agent of the components is injected into the tail end of the first extruder; arranging screen meshes at the output end of the first extruder and the input end of the second extruder, filtering the material by the output end of the first extruder, feeding the filtered material into the input end of the second extruder, and performing low-temperature high-pressure regulation under the dynamic change state of 160-180 ℃ and 16-18 MPa pressure; then entering a static mixing section for further mixing to realize further homogenization; then, the mixture enters a dynamic mixing section for dynamic mixing under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 120-160 ℃ and the pressure is 12-16 MPa, and the consistency of the cross section temperature of the mixed material is realized in the process of gradual change of the pressure and the temperature; and finally, extruding the mixture through a die head under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 85-95 ℃ and the pressure is 8-11 MPa to prepare the composite interface microporous plate.
Example five:
a composite interface microporous plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 52 parts of polystyrene beads, 4 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 1 part of composite foaming agent, 6 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 6 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 9 parts of plant fiber, 8 parts of polystyrene fiber, 7 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 7 parts of water-based epoxy resin.
The composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 23 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 40 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20 parts of difluoromethane and 17 parts of carbon dioxide fluid;
the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is as follows: 0.5-1 mm: 5 percent; 1-1.5 mm: 40 percent; 1.5-2.5 mm: 30 percent; 2.5-4 mm: 25 percent;
the particle size of the modified nano graphite particles is 120 nm; the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 27 nm; the length of the plant fiber made of the crop straw is 9.5 mm; the length of the polystyrene fiber was 4.8 mm.
During preparation, firstly, 52 parts of polystyrene beads, 4 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 6 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 6 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 9 parts of plant fibers, 8 parts of polystyrene fibers, 7 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 7 parts of water-based epoxy resin are mixed, preliminary melt mixing is carried out in a first extruder under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 180-230 ℃ and the pressure is 20-28 MPa, and 1 part of prepared composite foaming agent of the components is injected into the tail end of the first extruder; arranging a screen mesh at the output end of the first extruder, filtering the material by the output end of the first extruder, feeding the filtered material into the input end of the second extruder, and performing low-temperature high-pressure regulation under the dynamic change state of 160-180 ℃ and 16-18 MPa pressure; then entering a static mixing section for further mixing to realize further homogenization; then entering a dynamic mixing section for dynamic mixing under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 120-160 ℃ and the pressure is 12-16 MPa; and finally, extruding the mixture through a die head under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 85-95 ℃ and the pressure is 8-11 MPa to prepare the composite interface microporous plate.
Example six:
a composite interface microporous plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 68 parts of polystyrene beads, 3 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 0.6 part of composite foaming agent, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8 parts of plant fiber, 5 parts of polystyrene fiber, 2 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 7.4 parts of waterborne epoxy resin.
The composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 30 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20 parts of difluoromethane and 30 parts of carbon dioxide fluid;
the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is as follows: 0.5-1 mm: 5 percent; 1-1.5 mm: 30 percent; 1.5-2.5 mm: 50 percent; 2.5-4 mm: 15 percent;
the particle size of the modified nano graphite particles is 140 nm; the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 22 nm; the length of the plant fiber made of the crop straw is 8.2 mm; the length of the polystyrene fiber was 4.6 mm.
During preparation, firstly 68 parts of polystyrene beads, 3 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8 parts of plant fibers, 5 parts of polystyrene fibers, 2 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 7.4 parts of water-based epoxy resin are mixed, preliminary melt mixing is carried out in a first extruder under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 180-230 ℃ and the pressure is 20-28 MPa, and 0.6 part of prepared composite foaming agent of the components is injected into the tail end of the first extruder; the material enters the input end of a second extruder through the output end of the first extruder, and low-temperature high-pressure regulation is carried out under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 160-180 ℃ and the pressure is 16-18 MPa; then entering a static mixing section for further mixing to realize further homogenization; then entering a dynamic mixing section for dynamic mixing under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 120-160 ℃ and the pressure is 12-16 MPa; and finally, extruding the mixture through a die head under the dynamic change state that the temperature is 85-95 ℃ and the pressure is 8-11 MPa to prepare the composite interface microporous plate.
The properties of the composite interface microplates made from the materials of examples one through six were tested as shown in the following table:
note: the tensile strength is the tensile strength in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface; the initial thermal conductivity coefficient refers to the index requirement within 14 days after the composite interface insulation board is produced; the aging thermal conductivity is the index requirement within 3 to 6 months after the preparation is finished at the average temperature of 23 ℃.
For each index obtained by testing in the table, the tensile strength of the composite interface microporous plate provided by the invention is more than or equal to 00.15MPa, and the composite interface microporous plate is enhanced compared with a common polystyrene insulation plate; the bending strength is more than or equal to 0.15, the water absorption is less than or equal to 1.5, the initial thermal conductivity coefficient of the plate I is between 0.020 and 0.022W/(m.k), and the initial thermal conductivity coefficient of the plate II is between 0.024 and 0.026W/(m.k), so that the long-term stability of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the composite interface microporous plate can be obviously improved by adding fibrous substances such as plant fibers, polystyrene fibers and the like (by comparing the initial thermal conductivity coefficient with the aged thermal conductivity coefficient), the service life of the composite interface microporous plate is prolonged, the long-term effectiveness and stability of the heat-preservation flame-retardant property of the composite interface microporous plate are ensured, and meanwhile, the tensile property, the crack resistance and the compressive property (obtained by the compressive strength, the tensile strength and the bending strength; by adding the nano titanium dioxide particles, the high reflection performance of titanium dioxide is utilized to effectively reflect the external solar illumination, a large amount of infrared light capable of generating heat is reflected out, and the heat insulation performance (obtained by measured heat conductivity coefficient) of the composite interface layer is improved.
In a comprehensive way, the fireproof performance of the composite interface microporous plate is superior to that of other existing insulation plate types, the fireproof grade of the composite interface microporous plate also reaches B1, the fireproof requirement of the insulation plate in the regulation is met, the requirement of building energy conservation can be met, the fireproof safety of a building outer wall insulation system can be improved, and the composite interface microporous plate has positive promotion and promotion effects on the improvement of building energy conservation technology.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite interface microporous plate is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
50-70 parts of polystyrene beads, 2-5 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 0.6-2 parts of a composite foaming agent, 2-10 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 2-10 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 8-12 parts of plant fibers, 5-15 parts of polystyrene fibers, 2-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5-8 parts of water-based epoxy resin.
2. The composite interface microplate of claim 1, wherein the composite interface microplate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 56 parts of polystyrene beads, 4 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 1 part of composite foaming agent, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 3 parts of flame-retardant polyether polyol, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of polystyrene fiber, 8 parts of nano titanium dioxide particles and 5 parts of water-based epoxy resin.
3. The composite interface microplate of claim 1, wherein the composite blowing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 30-50 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20-30 parts of difluoromethane and 15-30 parts of carbon dioxide fluid.
4. The composite interface microplate of claim 3, wherein the composite blowing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, 30 parts of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 20 parts of difluoromethane and 15 parts of carbon dioxide fluid.
5. The composite interface microwell plate of claim 3, wherein the carbon dioxide fluid is a supercritical carbon dioxide fluid.
6. The composite interface microplate of claim 1, wherein the modified nano-graphite particles have a particle size of 80-150 nm.
7. The composite interface microplate of claim 1, wherein said polystyrene beads are graded by bead sizes in different particle size ranges; the particle size range ratio of the polystyrene beads is as follows:
0.5～1mm：5～20％；
1～1.5mm：30～40％；
1.5～2.5mm：30～50％；
2.5～4mm：15～30％。
8. the composite interface microplate of claim 7, wherein the polystyrene beads have a particle size range ratio specifically: 0.5-1 mm: 10 percent; 1-1.5 mm: 35 percent; 1.5-2.5 mm: 35 percent; 2.5-4 mm: 20 percent.
9. The composite interface microplate of claim 1, wherein the nano titanium dioxide particles have a particle size of 20-30 nm.
10. A method of making a composite interface microplate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
1) mixing the polystyrene beads, the modified nano graphite particles, the flame-retardant polyester polyol, the flame-retardant polyether polyol, the plant fibers, the polystyrene fibers, the nano titanium dioxide particles and the water-based epoxy resin, melting and mixing the materials in a first extruder under the dynamic change state of certain temperature and pressure conditions, and injecting the prepared composite foaming agent of the components into the tail end of the first extruder;
2) the material enters a second extruder through the output end of the first extruder and is subjected to low-temperature high-pressure modification;
3) entering a static mixing section for further mixing;
4) entering a dynamic mixing section for dynamic mixing;
5) and extruding through a die head to obtain the composite interface layer insulation board.
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Application publication date: 20210709 |