CN113087481A - Anti-saltpetering red mud baking-free brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-saltpetering red mud baking-free brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113087481A CN113087481A CN202110341389.6A CN202110341389A CN113087481A CN 113087481 A CN113087481 A CN 113087481A CN 202110341389 A CN202110341389 A CN 202110341389A CN 113087481 A CN113087481 A CN 113087481A
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- red mud
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2023—Resistance against alkali-aggregate reaction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of baking-free bricks, in particular to a red mud baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the baking-free brick comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-40% of red mud, 20-30% of biomass power plant fly ash, 30-35% of aggregate, 8-10% of lime, 2-3% of desulfurized gypsum, about 1% of Portland cement and 5-10% of furfural residue. The baking-free brick prepared by the invention can achieve the purpose of inhibiting saltpetering, and the prepared red mud baking-free brick has good mechanical property and durability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials and the field of resource recycling, and particularly relates to a saltpetering-resistant red mud baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of the modern aluminum industry, the production scale of the aluminum oxide industry is gradually enlarged. Industrial waste residues generated during the production of alumina have become important environmental pollutants. The red mud is an insoluble slag in the production process of extracting alumina from bauxite, is waste mud consisting of fine particles (mud) and coarse particles (sand), is an intermediate product formed by the technological processes of melting out, solid-liquid separation and the like of high-temperature sintered clinker, has complicated physicochemical characteristics, and is called red mud because of large iron oxide content and similar appearance to red soil. Due to different ore tastes, production methods and technical levels, about 1.0-1.8 tons of red mud is discharged when 1 ton of alumina is produced. The red mud has high alkalinity due to the fact that a large amount of strong alkaline wastewater is contained, the pH value is as high as 12-13.5, the large amount of strong alkaline wastewater seriously harms the natural environment no matter the wastewater is discharged into rivers and lakes or permeates the ground surface and underground, so that the soil alkalization, the swampiness and the pollution to ground surface and underground water sources are caused, a large amount of iron ore resources are lost, and the problem of resource utilization of the red mud can be effectively solved by using the red mud as a raw material to produce building materials. However, in the previous preparation method of the red mud baking-free brick, the content of alkaline compounds of the baking-free brick is too high, so that the problem of severe efflorescence is caused.
Therefore, it is very important to develop a baking-free red mud brick with low production cost, simple production process, and excellent anti-saltpetering performance and environmental performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of saltpetering in the preparation of the baking-free brick by using the red mud, the invention provides the red mud baking-free brick and the preparation method thereof, the purpose of inhibiting the saltpetering of the baking-free brick can be achieved, and the prepared red mud baking-free brick has good mechanical properties.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the anti-saltpetering red mud baking-free brick is prepared by the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
20-40% of red mud, 20-30% of biomass power plant fly ash, 30-35% of aggregate, 8-10% of lime, 2-3% of desulfurized gypsum, about 1% of Portland cement and 5-10% of furfural residue;
preferably, the mixing amount of each raw material is as follows:
33% of red mud, 24% of coal ash of a biomass power plant, 30% of aggregate, 10% of lime, 2% of gypsum, 1% of cement and 8% of furfural residue;
wherein, the red mud should be selected from fresh industrial discarded red mud with high activity;
the fly ash is dry ash as far as possible in order to ensure the water adding amount for preparing the baking-free brick;
the aggregate mainly adopts medium coarse sand for construction;
crushing and ball-milling the lime to obtain quicklime powder, and sieving the quicklime powder by a 0.5mm sieve, wherein fresh quicklime which is just delivered from a factory is selected to ensure the high activity of the lime, and the effective CaO content in the quicklime is ensured;
the gypsum is desulfurized gypsum;
for better results, it is preferred that 1% of the cement is 32.5% Portland cement.
In order to eliminate or neutralize excessive free alkali in the red mud, 8 percent of furfural residue (namely corncob residue in furfural production) is added as an additive.
The preparation method of the red mud baking-free brick comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials
Ball milling the large blocks in the red mud; removing large impurities in the fly ash; carrying out necessary screening on the aggregate; carrying out ball milling on lime and gypsum and screening to meet the test requirement;
(2) weighing and mixing raw materials
Weighing the required raw materials, weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, dry-mixing for two minutes, pouring the raw materials into a stirrer for stirring, and slowly adding water at a constant speed in the stirring process, wherein the lime reacts with the water, and if the water is added too fast, the reaction generates heat violently to solidify the materials. The added water accounts for 25-35% of the total amount of the materials, when the added water is too little, the reaction can not be fully carried out, meanwhile, the materials are not uniform after being stirred, the materials can be solidified into small particles, the small particles are easy to crack after the later-stage forming, and when the added water is too much, the small particles are difficult to form at the later stage;
(3) after uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture into a forming mold, fixing the mold on a vibration machine after the mixture is filled, and performing vibration forming for 120 s;
(4) after the oscillation is finished, placing the mould into a constant-temperature curing box, removing the mould after 24 hours, and continuously curing the obtained sample for 7d or 28d to obtain the red mud baking-free brick;
the red mud baking-free brick has the advantages that all properties meet requirements, the compressive strength and the breaking strength meet the requirements of national standards on autoclaved sand-lime bricks MU15, the standards of superior products are met, and other performance indexes meet the requirements. In addition, a certain amount of furfural residues are added into the red mud baking-free brick as an additive, so that a large amount of free alkali contained in the red mud is effectively neutralized, and the phenomenon of brick surface efflorescence caused by the large amount of free alkali contained in the red mud is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the results of the blooming test in example 1 of the present invention,
FIG. 2 shows the results of the blooming test in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds.
Example 1 preparation of red mud baking-free brick
The raw material components are measured according to the following mixing amount: 33% of red mud, 24% of coal ash of a biomass power plant, 30% of aggregate, 10% of lime, 2% of gypsum and 1% of cement;
according to the preparation steps, the raw materials are pretreated, weighed, mixed and added with water (25-35 percent) and stirred, and then the mixture is vibrated and formed and maintained in a curing box for 7 days or 28 days, so that the fertilizer is obtained.
Example 2 preparation of red mud baking-free brick
The raw material components are measured according to the following mixing amount: 33% of red mud, 24% of coal ash of a biomass power plant, 30% of aggregate, 10% of lime, 2% of gypsum, 1% of cement and 5% of furfural residue;
the preparation steps are the same.
Example 3 preparation of baking-free brick from red mud
The raw material components are measured according to the following mixing amount: 33% of red mud, 24% of coal ash of a biomass power plant, 30% of aggregate, 10% of lime, 2% of gypsum, 1% of cement and 8% of furfural residue;
the preparation steps are the same.
Example 4 preparation of baking-free brick from red mud
The raw material components are measured according to the following mixing amount: 33% of red mud, 24% of coal ash of a biomass power plant, 30% of aggregate, 10% of lime, 2% of gypsum, 1% of cement and 10% of furfural residue;
the preparation steps are the same.
The performance of the examples is tested according to the standard GB/T2542-2012.
The compression and flexural strength test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Saltpetering Performance test
The embodiment is tested by referring to the standard GB/T2542-2012, and the test steps are as follows:
cleaning the surface of a sample, then placing the sample in a 105 +/-5 ℃ air-blast drying oven for drying for 24 hours, taking out and cooling to normal temperature; then, the top surface or the perforated surface of the sample was placed upward in a tray, distilled water was poured into the tray so that the water level should not be lower than 20 mm, the tray was covered with a transparent material, the sample was exposed to the outside, and the time was recorded. The time that the sample is soaked in the tray is 7d, water is often added in 2d from the beginning of the test to keep the water level in the tray high, and then the sample is soaked in the water, wherein the environmental temperature is required to be 16-32 ℃ and the relative humidity is 35-60% in the test process, the sample is taken out after the test is 7d, and the sample is placed for 4d in the same environment. Then dried in a forced air drying oven at 105 +/-5 ℃ until the weight is constant. The reaction mixture was taken out and cooled to room temperature, and the degree of whiskering after drying was recorded.
The detection result of the red mud baking-free brick system
In conclusion, the analysis of the examples shows that the red mud baking-free brick provided by the invention can effectively inhibit the efflorescence of the red mud baking-free brick under the acidic action of the furfural residues after the furfural residues with a proper amount are added, and can improve the mechanical properties of the red mud baking-free brick to a certain extent. The performance of the red mud baking-free brick meets all definitions of MU15 brick products in GB 11945-1999, and is a superior product in bricks.
Claims (3)
1. The anti-saltpetering red mud baking-free brick is characterized in that the baking-free brick is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
20-40% of red mud, 20-30% of biomass power plant fly ash, 30-35% of aggregate, 8-10% of lime, 2-3% of desulfurized gypsum, about 1% of Portland cement and 5-10% of furfural residue.
2. The red mud baking-free brick according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: a small amount of furfural residue (namely corncob waste residue in furfural production) is added as an additive.
3. The preparation method of the red mud baking-free brick of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials
Ball milling the large blocks in the red mud; removing large impurities in the fly ash; carrying out necessary screening on the aggregate; carrying out ball milling on lime and gypsum and screening to meet the test requirement;
(2) weighing and mixing raw materials
Weighing required raw materials, weighing the raw materials according to a ratio, dry-mixing for two minutes, pouring the raw materials into a stirrer for stirring, slowly adding water at a constant speed in the stirring process, and leading the reaction to generate heat violently to solidify the materials if the lime reacts with the water and the water is added too fast; the added water accounts for 25-35% of the total amount of the materials, when the added water is too little, the reaction cannot be fully carried out, the materials are not uniformly stirred, the materials are solidified into small particles and are easy to crack after the later forming, and when the added water is too much, the later forming is difficult;
(3) after uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture into a forming mold, fixing the mold on a vibration machine after the mixture is filled, and performing vibration forming for 120 s;
(4) after the oscillation is finished, placing the mould into a constant-temperature curing box, removing the mould after 24 hours, and continuously curing the obtained sample for 7d or 28d to obtain the red mud baking-free brick;
(5) performance detection
When the brick is maintained for 7d and 28d, the brick is subjected to performance test; the general experiment only measures the compressive strength of the finished brick, and the systematic experiment carries out more comprehensive performance detection on the brick; the performance tests include compressive strength, flexural strength, bulk density, water absorption, lime burst, freezing resistance, radioactivity, and the like.
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| CN202110341389.6A CN113087481A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Anti-saltpetering red mud baking-free brick and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202110341389.6A CN113087481A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Anti-saltpetering red mud baking-free brick and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101468905A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | 刘贵堂 | Red mud unburned brick and preparation thereof |
| WO2015165153A1 (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | 东北大学 | Method for recycling alkali and aluminum during treatment of bayer red mud by using calcification-carbonization process |
| CN106673603A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-17 | 怀宁县凉亭建材有限责任公司 | Method of manufacturing Bayer process red mud shale bricks by using furfural |
| CN107056232A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-08-18 | 怀宁县凉亭建材有限责任公司 | Bayer process red mud shale brick feedstock composition and shale brick |
| CN110982547A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 郑州大学 | Method for reducing strong basicity of red mud |
-
2021
- 2021-03-30 CN CN202110341389.6A patent/CN113087481A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101468905A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | 刘贵堂 | Red mud unburned brick and preparation thereof |
| WO2015165153A1 (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | 东北大学 | Method for recycling alkali and aluminum during treatment of bayer red mud by using calcification-carbonization process |
| CN106673603A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-17 | 怀宁县凉亭建材有限责任公司 | Method of manufacturing Bayer process red mud shale bricks by using furfural |
| CN107056232A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-08-18 | 怀宁县凉亭建材有限责任公司 | Bayer process red mud shale brick feedstock composition and shale brick |
| CN110982547A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 郑州大学 | Method for reducing strong basicity of red mud |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 杨芳等: "赤泥粉煤灰制备免烧砖的配方研究", 《建材技术与应用》 * |
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Application publication date: 20210709 |