CN113087055B - Multi-point vacuumizing system and multi-point vacuumizing method of low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device - Google Patents
Multi-point vacuumizing system and multi-point vacuumizing method of low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113087055B CN113087055B CN202110429923.9A CN202110429923A CN113087055B CN 113087055 B CN113087055 B CN 113087055B CN 202110429923 A CN202110429923 A CN 202110429923A CN 113087055 B CN113087055 B CN 113087055B
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/06—Pressure conditions
- C02F2301/063—Underpressure, vacuum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sea water desalination and provides a multi-point vacuumizing system and a multi-point vacuumizing method of a low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalination device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sea water desalination, in particular to a multi-point vacuumizing system and a multi-point vacuumizing method of a low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalination device.
Background
The low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalination production process is a mainstream technical scheme for sea water desalination and water production at present internationally and domestically. In general, a combined thermal power generating unit adopts a 'hydroelectric cogeneration' mode, five-extraction and six-extraction steam of a turbine of the power generating unit is utilized to enter a sea water desalting device, and sea water is heated in a vacuum environment in the system, so that the production process of distilling desalted water at a temperature lower than the normal sea water evaporating temperature is obtained. The seawater desalination system utilizes a conventional vacuumizing system to pump out the gas in the system, so that the system is always in a vacuum negative pressure state to operate, and the seawater is evaporated at about 70 ℃ under the condition of steam heating to generate fresh water. During operation, the heat transfer efficiency may be affected and corrosion initiated due to the inclusion of a portion of non-condensable gases; during standby, oxidation corrosion is easy to form in the system equipment, so that the inner wall of the effective body, the heat exchange pipeline, the bolts and the like are corroded, and the service life of the equipment is shortened.
The main principle of the vacuum pumping system of the low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination system is that steam with certain pressure is emitted at supersonic speed through a Laval nozzle, pressure energy is converted into speed energy, negative pressure is formed at the outlet of the nozzle due to the injection effect of high-speed air flow, gas in the system is sucked out, and the vacuum pumping system works to enable the system to continuously stabilize vacuum in the running process. The low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device generally adopts two sets of vacuumizing systems, wherein one set is used for vacuumizing in the early stage of starting, and the other set is used for maintaining vacuum when the system operates. Generally, the two sets of systems are independently used, steam is introduced in the vacuumizing process to be directly discharged, noise is high, certain influence is brought to the surrounding environment, and a large amount of temperature reduction water is required in the vacuumizing process, so that energy waste is caused. In winter operation, in order to prevent the pipeline from freezing, the system cannot be put into the temperature reduction water during the vacuumizing period, and the safe and stable operation of the vacuumizing system is seriously influenced.
The following problems exist in the prior art:
1. the existing low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device adopts two or more sets of vacuumizing systems, so that mutual standby cannot be realized, occupied space is large, system setting is complex, operation and maintenance cost is high, operation and operation are complex, complementation cannot be realized when one vacuumizing system has faults or has insufficient output, the sea water desalting device cannot maintain operation, and the operation safety risk of the system is increased.
2. The vacuum system of the existing low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalination device is usually provided with two stages or three stages of ejectors which are independently operated and are connected in series to form an energy level ladder to jointly operate, when the vacuum leakage amount of the low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalination device is large in long-term operation, the set vacuum degree can not be maintained due to insufficient output of the vacuum pumping system, and the sea water desalination device can not be maintained to operate and is stopped.
3. The vacuumizing access points of the existing low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device are often single, and are connected with a vacuumizing system only by arranging a pipeline of a single main device, so that the vacuum degree of each part inside the seawater desalination device is unbalanced and has a certain deviation, and the running stability of the system and the water production and water ratio are affected.
4. The pipelines of the vacuum pumping system of the existing low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device are often not provided with adjusting valves or are only provided with manual control valves, and the opening degree of each valve cannot be freely adjusted according to the actual vacuum state of each effect evaporator in the vacuum pumping process to maintain the balanced vacuum degree of each part of the seawater desalination device.
5. The existing low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device feeds back the vacuum condition of the whole system only by setting one or two vacuum degree detection measuring points, so that the vacuum condition of each effect evaporator cannot be accurately monitored, and the output state of a vacuumizing system cannot be accurately regulated in real time.
6. The existing low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalination device vacuumizing system can only adjust the output range by adjusting the steam inlet quantity entering the ejector of the vacuumizing system, has small adjusting range, low vacuum extraction efficiency and poor practical applicability, and cannot realize the system vacuumizing output adjusting range according to the vacuum output state of an ejector of the independent vacuumizing control vacuum system.
7. The existing low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device has lower automation degree, the air inlet quantity of the vacuum pumping system is often required to be manually adjusted according to the feedback data of the vacuum degree measuring point of the seawater desalination device, and the logic automatic adjustment process of the control system cannot be realized.
8. The existing low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device generates larger noise and residual steam in the vacuumizing operation process of a vacuumizing system, influences the working environment of operators and the noise index of factory communities, and simultaneously has a certain influence on the ecological environment around the factory communities.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-point vacuumizing system and a multi-point vacuumizing method of a low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device, which are used for solving the technical problems that the existing low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device cannot realize mutual standby by adopting two or more sets of vacuumizing systems, the system is complex in arrangement, high in operation and maintenance cost, complex in operation and operation, large in occupied space, small in adjustment range, low in vacuum extraction efficiency, single in vacuumizing access point and low in automatic control degree.
A multi-point vacuum pumping system of a low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalination device, comprising: the output end of the first stage vacuum air extractor is respectively connected with the input ends of the auxiliary equipment vacuum access pipeline and the first stage vacuum cooler through T-shaped connecting pipes, the output end of the first stage vacuum air extractor is connected with the input ends of the second stage vacuum air extractor, the output end of the second stage vacuum air extractor is connected with the input end of the second stage vacuum cooler, the output end of the second stage vacuum air extractor is connected with the input end of the third stage vacuum air extractor, the output end of the third stage vacuum air extractor is connected with the output end of the fourth stage vacuum air extractor through T-shaped connecting pipes, the output end of the third stage vacuum air extractor is connected with the input end of the fifth stage vacuum air extractor through the third stage vacuum air extractor, the output end of the fourth stage vacuum air extractor is connected with the output end of the fifth stage vacuum air extractor, the output end of the fifth stage vacuum air extractor is respectively connected with the output end of the third stage vacuum air extractor through the third stage vacuum air extractor, the lower ends of the first-stage vacuum cooler, the second-stage vacuum cooler and the third-stage vacuum cooler are respectively communicated with a cooling water input pipeline through pipelines, a plurality of vacuum measuring point controllers are respectively and independently arranged on main equipment and auxiliary equipment of the sea water desalination device, and a plurality of effective body vacuum control valves are respectively arranged on vacuumizing pipelines of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment.
Further, a non-condensable gas flowmeter and a one-way control valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline between the third-stage vacuum cooler and the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor.
Further, a first-stage air extractor control valve is arranged above the first-stage vacuum air extractor, the first-stage air extractor control valve is located on a pipeline of the first-stage vacuum air extractor, which is communicated with a steam input pipeline, a second-stage air extractor control valve is arranged above the second-stage vacuum air extractor, which is located on a pipeline of the second-stage vacuum air extractor, which is communicated with the steam input pipeline, a third-stage air extractor control valve is arranged above the third-stage vacuum air extractor, which is located on a pipeline of the third-stage vacuum air extractor, which is communicated with the steam input pipeline, a fourth-stage air extractor control valve is connected to an input end of the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor, which is located on a pipeline of the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor, which is communicated with the steam input pipeline, and a fifth-stage air extractor control valve is arranged above the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor, which is located on a pipeline of the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor, which is communicated with the steam input pipeline.
Further, first stage vacuum cooler flowmeter and first stage cooler control valve have been set gradually to first stage vacuum cooler below, first stage cooler flowmeter and first stage cooler control valve are located the pipeline of first stage vacuum cooler and cooling water input pipeline intercommunication, second stage vacuum cooler's below has set gradually second stage cooler flowmeter and second stage cooler control valve, second stage cooler flowmeter and second stage cooler control valve are located the pipeline of second stage vacuum cooler and cooling water input pipeline intercommunication, third stage vacuum cooler's below has set gradually third stage cooler flowmeter and third stage cooler control valve, third stage cooler flowmeter and third stage cooler control valve are located the pipeline of third stage vacuum cooler and cooling water input pipeline intercommunication.
The multipoint vacuumizing method of the multipoint vacuumizing system of the low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device comprises the following specific steps:
s1: in the initial starting stage of the sea water desalination device, the vacuum conditions of main equipment and auxiliary equipment are monitored according to a vacuum measuring point controller, a control system of the multi-stage vacuumizing device automatically puts into operation a first-stage vacuum air extractor, a second-stage vacuum air extractor, a third-stage vacuum air extractor, a fourth-stage vacuum air extractor and a fifth-stage vacuum air extractor, the opening degree of an air extractor control valve at the inlet end of each stage of vacuum air extractor is automatically adjusted according to the vacuum extraction amount, and meanwhile, a first-stage cooler flowmeter, a second-stage cooler flowmeter and a third-stage cooler flowmeter automatically control the opening degree of a first-stage cooler control valve, a second-stage cooler control valve and a third-stage cooler control valve according to the steam amount entering the first-stage vacuum cooler, the second-stage vacuum cooler and the third-stage vacuum cooler.
S2: during the operation of the sea water desalination device, the control system of the multistage vacuumizing device monitors the vacuum conditions of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment according to the vacuum measuring point controllers, automatically exits the operation states of the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor and the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor, closes the control valves of the fourth-stage air extractor and the fifth-stage air extractor, monitors the operation states of the first-stage vacuum air extractor, the second-stage vacuum air extractor and the third-stage vacuum air extractor only by the vacuum measuring point controllers, and simultaneously cooperates with the first-stage vacuum cooler, the second-stage vacuum cooler and the third-stage vacuum cooler, and the flow meters of the first-stage cooler, the second-stage vacuum cooler and the third-stage vacuum cooler automatically control the opening degrees of the control valves of the first-stage cooler, the second-stage cooler and the third-stage vacuum cooler according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum cooler, the second-stage vacuum cooler and the third-stage vacuum cooler by the control system, so as to maintain the lower-efficiency operation state of the vacuumizing system of the sea water desalination device.
S3: during the shutdown period of the sea water desalination device, the control system of the multi-stage vacuumizing device is used for closing the control valve of the third-stage air extractor, the control valve of the second-stage air extractor and the control valve of the first-stage air extractor step by step, and simultaneously, the flow meter of the first-stage cooler, the flow meter of the second-stage cooler and the flow meter of the third-stage cooler are used for automatically controlling the opening degrees of the control valve of the first-stage cooler, the control valve of the second-stage cooler and the control valve of the third-stage cooler according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum cooler, the second-stage vacuum cooler and the third-stage vacuum cooler, so that the cooling standby requirement of the multi-stage vacuumizing system is met.
Further, step S2 further comprises the steps of:
s2a: when the vacuum leakage quantity of the sea water desalination device is increased due to faults or leakage points, the multistage vacuumizing device control system automatically controls to independently input the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor or simultaneously input the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor and the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor according to the feedback vacuum fluctuation condition of the vacuum measuring point controller monitoring main equipment and auxiliary equipment and the non-condensation gas discharge flow rate change of the non-condensation gas flow meter monitoring, so as to maintain the higher-efficiency operation state of the vacuumizing system of the sea water desalination device.
Further, in step S3, a unidirectional control valve is disposed at the outlet of the third stage vacuum cooler to avoid vacuum fluctuation caused by that external air is not sucked into the sea water desalination device during the shutdown of the vacuum pumping system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the invention adopts a multipoint vacuumizing mode to automatically adjust and control the opening of the vacuumizing valve through the feedback of the vacuum measuring points independently arranged in the sea water desalting device, maintains the vacuum balance degree of the pipeline of the vacuumizing system of the whole sea water desalting device, effectively ensures the vacuum stable operation of the sea water desalting device, and simultaneously has the advantages of flexible operation, stable performance, wide application, high precision, low maintenance cost, obvious comprehensive effect and the like.
2. The invention adopts a set of multistage vacuumizing system, has small occupied area, simple system setting, low operation and maintenance cost, gradual change of operation, high automation degree and wide output adjustment range, automatically controls the vacuum extraction amount according to the feedback vacuum fluctuation condition of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment monitored by the vacuum measuring point controller and the discharge flow change of the non-condensable gas monitored by the non-condensable gas flowmeter, maintains the vacuum stability of the sea water desalting device, and reduces the operation safety risk of the system.
3. According to the invention, five-stage or five-stage ejectors which are independently operated are connected in series to form an energy-stage ladder for common operation, when the vacuum leakage amount is large in long-term operation of the low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalination device, the multistage vacuumizing system can automatically distribute and control the operation states of the ejectors at all stages according to the vacuum measuring point controllers arranged in the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment, so that the stable operation state of the vacuumizing system of the sea water desalination device is maintained.
4. The invention adopts a multi-stage vacuumizing device control system to be respectively connected with a first-stage air extractor control valve, a second-stage air extractor control valve, a third-stage air extractor control valve, a fourth-stage air extractor control valve, a fifth-stage air extractor control valve, a first-stage cooler flowmeter, a second-stage cooler control valve, a second-stage cooler flowmeter, a third-stage cooler control valve, a third-stage cooler flowmeter, a vacuum measuring point controller, an effective body vacuum control valve, a non-condensable gas flowmeter and the like, and automatically controls and adjusts the vacuum extraction amount according to a logic control program of the vacuumizing system, thereby realizing the vacuumizing process of the precise, automatic and stable sea water desalting device.
5. The invention adopts the vacuum measuring point controllers to be respectively and independently arranged at the fixed ends of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment of the sea water desalination device, monitors the vacuum degree of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment in real time, and feeds back monitoring data to the control system in real time, so as to automatically adjust and control the operation state of each vacuum air extractor and the opening degree of the inlet control valve of each vacuum air extractor, and automatically maintain the balanced vacuum degree of each part of the sea water desalination device.
6. According to the control system of the multistage vacuum pumping device, the operation of the fourth-stage vacuum pump or the operation of the fourth-stage vacuum pump and the fifth-stage vacuum pump is automatically controlled independently according to the feedback vacuum fluctuation condition of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment monitored by the vacuum measuring point controller and the discharge flow change of the non-condensable gas monitored by the non-condensable gas flowmeter, so that the higher-efficiency operation state of the vacuum pumping system of the sea water desalination device is maintained.
7. The invention provides an effective body vacuum control valve which is respectively arranged on the vacuumizing pipelines of each main equipment and auxiliary equipment and is used for adjusting the opening degree of the valve according to the instruction of the control system to assist in balancing and adjusting the vacuum degree of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment.
8. The extraction end of the primary vacuum air extractor is connected with the vacuum inlet of the main equipment, so that a stable vacuumizing effect is provided for the main equipment of the sea water desalting device; the outlet end of the first-stage vacuum air extractor is fixedly connected with the vacuum inlet of auxiliary equipment, and a stable vacuumizing effect is provided for the auxiliary equipment of the sea water desalination device through the vacuum air extractors of the subsequent stages.
9. The invention sets the unidirectional control valve at the outlet end of the third-stage cooler steam side for adjusting the unidirectional flow of the fluid, so as to avoid the fluctuation of the vacuum degree caused by the external air sucked into the sea water desalination device when the vacuum pumping system is stopped or fails.
10. The invention arranges a vacuum silencer at the outlet end of the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor of the multi-stage vacuumizing device, which is used for eliminating the noise generated by steam jet flow in the working process of the vacuumizing system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the present invention;
wherein:
the system comprises a first-stage vacuum ejector-1, a second-stage vacuum ejector-2, a third-stage vacuum ejector-3, a fourth-stage vacuum ejector-4, a fifth-stage vacuum ejector-5, a first-stage vacuum cooler-6, a second-stage vacuum cooler-7, a third-stage vacuum cooler-8, a vacuum silencer-9, a steam input pipeline-21, a cooling water input pipeline-22, a cooling water recycling pipeline-23, a main equipment vacuum access pipeline-24, an auxiliary equipment vacuum access pipeline-25, a vacuum measuring point controller-26, an effective body vacuum control valve-27, a non-condensable gas flowmeter-28, a one-way control valve-29, a first-stage ejector control valve-10, a second-stage ejector control valve-11, a third-stage ejector control valve-12, a fourth-stage ejector control valve-13, a fifth-stage ejector control valve-14, a first-stage cooler flowmeter-16, a first-stage cooler control valve-15, a second-stage cooler flowmeter-18, a second-stage cooler control valve-17, a third-stage cooler flowmeter-20 and a third-stage cooler control valve-19.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, the mounting modes and technical terms mentioned in the present invention are technical terms already known in the art, so that they are not explained too much. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used for the same components, which do not affect nor should they constitute an accurate understanding of the technical solution by a person skilled in the art.
Embodiment one:
the invention relates to a multipoint vacuumizing system of a low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device, which comprises the following components: the input end of the first stage vacuum air extractor 1 is connected with the main equipment vacuum access pipeline 24, the output end of the subsequent stage vacuum air extractor 1 is respectively connected with the input ends of the auxiliary equipment vacuum access pipeline 25 and the first stage vacuum cooler 6 through T-shaped connecting pipes, the output end of the subsequent stage vacuum air extractor 1 is connected with the input end of the auxiliary equipment vacuum access pipeline 25 and the third stage vacuum cooler 6, the output end of the third stage vacuum air extractor 6 is connected with the input end of the auxiliary equipment vacuum air extractor 2, the output end of the second stage vacuum air extractor 2 is connected with the output end of the third stage vacuum cooler 7 and the output end of the fourth stage vacuum cooler 4, the output end of the third stage vacuum air extractor 1 is connected with the output end of the third stage vacuum cooler 5 through T-shaped connecting pipes, the output end of the third stage vacuum air extractor 1 is connected with the input end of the third stage vacuum cooler 7 and the input end of the third stage vacuum cooler 5, the vacuum silencer 9 is used for eliminating noise generated by steam jet flow in the working process of the vacuumizing system, the first-stage vacuum air extractor 1, the second-stage vacuum air extractor 2, the third-stage vacuum air extractor 3, the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor 5 are respectively communicated with a steam input pipeline 21 through pipelines, stable power steam is provided for each-stage vacuum air extractor through the steam input pipeline 21, the upper ends of the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 and the third-stage vacuum cooler 8 are respectively communicated with a cooling water recovery pipeline 23 through pipelines, the cooling water recycling and discharging process is realized through the cooling water recovery pipeline 23, the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 and the third-stage vacuum cooler 8 are used for converting the steam into liquid in a vacuum state, the lower ends of the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 and the third-stage vacuum cooler 8 are respectively communicated with a cooling water input pipeline 22 through pipelines, stable cooling water is provided for each-stage vacuum cooler through the cooling water input pipeline 22, a plurality of vacuum measuring point controllers 26 are respectively and independently arranged on main equipment and auxiliary equipment of the sea water desalination device, the vacuum degree of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment is monitored in real time, monitoring data are fed back to a control system in real time, the monitoring data are used for automatically adjusting and controlling the operation states of each-stage vacuum air extractor and the opening degree of an inlet control valve of the vacuum air extractor, and a plurality of effective body vacuum control valves 27 are respectively arranged on vacuumizing pipelines of each main equipment and the auxiliary equipment and are used for assisting in balancing and adjusting the vacuum degree of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment according to the opening degree of a control system instruction adjusting valve.
The principle of vacuumizing the first-stage vacuum air extractor 1, the second-stage vacuum air extractor 2, the third-stage vacuum air extractor 3, the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor 5 is that steam with certain pressure is emitted at supersonic speed through a Laval nozzle, the pressure energy is converted into speed energy, negative pressure is formed at the outlet of the nozzle due to the injection effect of high-speed air flow, and the air in the system is sucked out.
The non-condensable gas flowmeter 28 and the one-way control valve 29 are arranged at the outlet end of the side of the third-stage vacuum cooler 8, the non-condensable gas flowmeter 28 is used for measuring the change condition of the discharge flow of non-condensable gas and feeding back detection data to the control system in real time, the one-way control valve 29 is used for adjusting the one-way flow of fluid at the outlet end of the side of the third-stage vacuum cooler 8, so that the fluctuation of the vacuum degree caused by the fact that external gas is sucked into the sea water desalination device is avoided, the control system can automatically adjust and control the operation states of the fourth-stage vacuum ejector 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum ejector 5 according to the feedback data of the non-condensable gas flowmeter 28 and the vacuum measuring point controller 26, generally, when the sea water desalination device is in a stable vacuum maintenance condition, the fourth-stage ejector control valve 13 and the fifth-stage ejector control valve 14 are only used as medium flow channels, and when the vacuum leakage quantity of the sea water desalination device is large or the fluctuation of the vacuum degree is avoided, the control system can automatically control the single-stage vacuum ejector 4 or simultaneously and the fifth-stage vacuum ejector 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum ejector 5 are connected in series according to the feedback vacuum fluctuation condition of the vacuum measuring point controller 26, and the operation states of the fourth-stage vacuum ejector 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum ejector 5 are directly connected with the fourth-stage vacuum ejector 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum ejector 5.
The upper part of the first-stage vacuum ejector 1 is provided with a first-stage ejector control valve 10, the first-stage ejector control valve 10 is positioned on a pipeline of the first-stage vacuum ejector 1 communicated with a steam input pipeline 21, the upper part of the second-stage vacuum ejector 2 is provided with a second-stage ejector control valve 11, the second-stage ejector control valve 11 is positioned on a pipeline of the second-stage vacuum ejector 2 communicated with the steam input pipeline 21, the upper part of the third-stage vacuum ejector 3 is provided with a third-stage ejector control valve 12, the third-stage ejector control valve 12 is positioned on a pipeline of the third-stage vacuum ejector 3 communicated with the steam input pipeline 21, the input end of the fourth-stage vacuum ejector 4 is connected with a fourth-stage ejector control valve 13, the fourth-stage ejector control valve 13 is positioned on a pipeline of the fourth-stage vacuum ejector 4 communicated with the steam input pipeline 21, and the upper part of the fifth-stage vacuum ejector 5 is provided with a fifth-stage ejector control valve 14, and the fifth-stage ejector control valve 14 is positioned on a pipeline of the fifth-stage vacuum ejector 5 communicated with the steam input pipeline 21.
A first-stage cooler flowmeter 16 and a first-stage cooler control valve 15 are sequentially arranged below the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the first-stage cooler flowmeter 16 and the first-stage cooler control valve 15 are positioned on a pipeline of the first-stage vacuum cooler 6 communicated with a cooling water input pipeline 22, a second-stage cooler flowmeter 18 and a second-stage cooler control valve 17 are sequentially arranged below the second-stage vacuum cooler 7, the second-stage cooler flowmeter 18 and the second-stage cooler control valve 17 are positioned on a pipeline of the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 communicated with the cooling water input pipeline 22, a third-stage cooler flowmeter 20 and a third-stage cooler control valve 19 are sequentially arranged below the third-stage vacuum cooler 8, the third-stage cooler flowmeter 20 and the third-stage cooler control valve 19 are positioned on a pipeline of the third-stage vacuum cooler 8 communicated with the cooling water input pipeline 22, the first-stage cooler flowmeter 16, the second-stage cooler flowmeter 18 and the third-stage cooler flowmeter 20 automatically feed back and adjust and control the opening of the first-stage cooler control valve 15, the second-stage cooler control valve 17 and the third-stage cooler control valve 19 according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum air extractor 1, the second-stage vacuum air extractor 2 and the third-stage vacuum air extractor 3, so as to adjust the cooling water flow entering the vacuum cooler, wherein the first-stage air extractor control valve 10, the second-stage air extractor control valve 11, the third-stage air extractor control valve 12, the fourth-stage air extractor control valve 13, the fifth-stage air extractor control valve 14, the first-stage cooler control valve 15, the first-stage cooler flowmeter 16, the second-stage cooler control valve 17, the second-stage cooler flowmeter 18, the third-stage cooler control valve 19 and the third-stage cooler flowmeter 20, the vacuum measuring point controller 26, the effective body vacuum control valve 27 and the non-condensable gas flowmeter 28 are controllably connected, and the vacuum extraction amount is automatically controlled and regulated according to the logic control program of the vacuumizing system, so that the vacuumizing effect of the accurate, automatic and stable sea water desalting device is realized.
The invention relates to a multi-point vacuumizing method of a multi-point vacuumizing system of a low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1: in the initial stage of starting the sea water desalination device, in order to quickly establish a vacuum state, a main device and auxiliary devices are monitored according to a vacuum measuring point controller 26, a multi-stage vacuum pumping device control system automatically puts into operation a first-stage vacuum pump 1, a second-stage vacuum pump 2, a third-stage vacuum pump 3, a fourth-stage vacuum pump 4 and a fifth-stage vacuum pump 5, the opening degree of pump control valves at the inlet ends of the vacuum pumps of each stage is automatically regulated according to the vacuum pumping quantity, and simultaneously a first-stage cooler flowmeter 16, a second-stage cooler flowmeter 18 and a third-stage cooler flowmeter 20 automatically control the opening degree of a first-stage cooler control valve 15, a second-stage cooler control valve 17 and a third-stage cooler control valve 19 by a control system according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 and the third-stage vacuum cooler 8 so as to maintain the high-efficiency operation state of the sea water desalination device vacuum pumping system.
S2: during the operation of the sea water desalination device, the multi-stage vacuumizing device control system automatically exits the operation states of the fourth-stage vacuum ejector 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum ejector 5 according to the vacuum conditions monitored by the vacuum measuring point controller 26, the fourth-stage ejector control valve 13 and the fifth-stage ejector control valve 14 are closed, the operation states of the first-stage vacuum ejector 1, the second-stage vacuum ejector 2 and the third-stage vacuum ejector 3 are only monitored by the vacuum measuring point controller 26 in part or all of the vacuum leakage quantity, and simultaneously the opening degrees of the first-stage vacuum ejector 15, the second-stage vacuum ejector 17 and the third-stage ejector control valve 19 are automatically controlled by the control system according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum ejector 6, the second-stage vacuum ejector 7 and the third-stage vacuum ejector 8 in cooperation with the first-stage vacuum ejector 6, the second-stage vacuum ejector 7 and the third-stage vacuum ejector 8, and the first-stage cooler flowmeter 16, the second-stage cooler flowmeter 18 and the third-stage cooler flowmeter 20, so that the lower-efficiency operation state of the sea water desalination device vacuumizing device is maintained.
S3: during the off-line period of the sea water desalination device, the multistage vacuum pumping device control system closes the third-stage air extractor control valve 12, the second-stage air extractor control valve 11 and the first-stage air extractor control valve 10 step by step, and simultaneously, the first-stage cooler flowmeter 16, the second-stage cooler flowmeter 18 and the third-stage cooler flowmeter 20 automatically control the opening degrees of the first-stage cooler control valve 15, the second-stage cooler control valve 17 and the third-stage cooler control valve 19 by the control system according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 and the third-stage vacuum cooler 8, so as to meet the cooling standby requirement of the multistage vacuum pumping system.
Step S2 further comprises the steps of:
s2a: when the vacuum leakage amount of the sea water desalination device is increased due to faults or leakage points, the multistage vacuumizing device control system automatically controls the operation states of the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor 4 or the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor 5 to be independently input according to the feedback vacuum fluctuation condition of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment monitored by the vacuum measuring point controller 26 and the discharge flow change of the non-condensable gas monitored by the non-condensable gas flowmeter 28 so as to maintain the higher-efficiency operation state of the vacuumizing system of the sea water desalination device.
In step S3, a one-way control valve 29 is provided at the outlet of the third stage vacuum cooler 8 to avoid vacuum fluctuation caused by that external air is not sucked into the sea water desalination device during the shutdown of the vacuum pumping system.
The working process comprises the following steps:
in the initial starting stage of the sea water desalination device, in order to quickly establish a vacuum state, a main equipment and auxiliary equipment vacuum condition is monitored according to a vacuum measuring point controller 26, a multi-stage vacuumizing device control system automatically puts into operation a first-stage vacuum air extractor 1, a second-stage vacuum air extractor 2, a third-stage vacuum air extractor 3, a fourth-stage vacuum air extractor 4 and a fifth-stage vacuum air extractor 5, the opening degree of an air extractor control valve at the inlet end of each stage of vacuum air extractor is automatically regulated according to the vacuum extraction amount, and simultaneously a first-stage cooler flowmeter 16, a second-stage cooler flowmeter 18 and a third-stage cooler flowmeter 20 automatically control the opening degree of a first-stage cooler control valve 15, a second-stage cooler control valve 17 and a third-stage cooler control valve 19 by a control system according to the steam amount entering the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 and the third-stage vacuum cooler 8 so as to maintain the high-efficiency operation state of the sea water desalination device vacuumizing system; during the operation of the sea water desalination device, the multi-stage vacuumizing device control system automatically exits the operation states of the fourth-stage vacuum ejector 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum ejector 5 according to the vacuum conditions monitored by the vacuum measuring point controller 26, closes the fourth-stage ejector control valve 13 and the fifth-stage ejector control valve 14, monitors the operation states of the first-stage vacuum ejector 1, the second-stage vacuum ejector 2 and the third-stage vacuum ejector 3 only by the vacuum measuring point controller 26 in part or all of the vacuum leakage quantity, simultaneously cooperates with the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 and the third-stage vacuum cooler 8, the first-stage cooler flowmeter 16, the second-stage cooler flowmeter 18 and the third-stage cooler flowmeter 20 automatically controls the opening degrees of the first-stage cooler control valve 15, the second-stage cooler control valve 17 and the third-stage cooler control valve 19 according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 and the third-stage cooler 8, maintaining the lower efficiency operation state of the vacuum pumping system of the sea water desalination device, arranging a one-way control valve 29 at the outlet of the third-stage vacuum cooler 8 to avoid the fluctuation of vacuum degree caused by that external air is not sucked into the sea water desalination device during the shutdown of the vacuum pumping system, when the vacuum leakage quantity of the sea water desalination device is increased due to the fault or leakage point, automatically controlling the operation states of independently throwing the sea water desalination device into the fourth-stage vacuum pump 4 or simultaneously throwing the sea water desalination device into the fourth-stage vacuum pump 4 and the fifth-stage vacuum pump 5 according to the feedback vacuum fluctuation condition of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment monitored by the vacuum measuring point controller 26 and the discharge flow change of the non-condensable gas monitored by the non-condensable gas flowmeter 28, so as to maintain a higher-efficiency running state of a vacuum pumping system of the sea water desalination device; during the off-line period of the sea water desalination device, the multistage vacuum pumping device control system closes the third-stage air extractor control valve 12, the second-stage air extractor control valve 11 and the first-stage air extractor control valve 10 step by step, and simultaneously, the first-stage cooler flowmeter 16, the second-stage cooler flowmeter 18 and the third-stage cooler flowmeter 20 automatically control the opening degrees of the first-stage cooler control valve 15, the second-stage cooler control valve 17 and the third-stage cooler control valve 19 by the control system according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum cooler 6, the second-stage vacuum cooler 7 and the third-stage vacuum cooler 8, so as to meet the cooling standby requirement of the multistage vacuum pumping system.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, but any minor modifications, equivalents, and improvements made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The multi-point vacuumizing system of the low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device is characterized by comprising the following components: the input end of the first-stage vacuum air extractor (1) is connected with the main-stage vacuum access pipeline (24), the output end of the first-stage vacuum air extractor (1) is respectively connected with the input ends of the auxiliary-stage vacuum access pipeline (25) and the first-stage vacuum cooler (6) through T-shaped connecting pipes, the output end of the first-stage vacuum cooler (6) is connected with the input end of the second-stage vacuum air extractor (2), the output end of the second-stage vacuum air extractor (2) is connected with the output end of the third-stage vacuum cooler (7) and the output end of the third-stage vacuum cooler (3) through T-shaped connecting pipes, the output end of the third-stage vacuum cooler (8) is connected with the input end of the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor (4), the output end of the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor (4) is connected with the input end of the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor (5), the output end of the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor (5) is connected with the input end of the vacuum silencer (9), the first-stage vacuum air extractor (1), the second-stage vacuum air extractor (2), the third-stage vacuum air extractor (3), the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor (4) and the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor (5) are respectively communicated with a steam input pipeline (21) through pipelines, the upper ends of the first-stage vacuum cooler (6), the second-stage vacuum cooler (7) and the third-stage vacuum cooler (8) are respectively communicated with a cooling water recovery pipeline (23) through pipelines, the lower ends of the first-stage vacuum cooler (6), the second-stage vacuum cooler (7) and the third-stage vacuum cooler (8) are respectively communicated with a cooling water input pipeline (22), a plurality of measuring point controllers (26) are respectively arranged on a sea water desalination device and an auxiliary vacuum pipe (27) respectively, and a plurality of vacuum control devices are respectively arranged on a main vacuum pipe and auxiliary equipment respectively;
the multipoint vacuumizing method based on the multipoint vacuumizing system of the low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device comprises the following specific steps:
s1: in the initial starting stage of the sea water desalination device, a main equipment and auxiliary equipment vacuum condition is monitored according to a vacuum measuring point controller (26), a multi-stage vacuumizing device control system automatically puts into operation a first-stage vacuum air extractor (1), a second-stage vacuum air extractor (2), a third-stage vacuum air extractor (3), a fourth-stage vacuum air extractor (4) and a fifth-stage vacuum air extractor (5), the opening degree of an air extractor control valve at the inlet end of each stage of vacuum air extractor is automatically adjusted according to the vacuum extraction amount, and meanwhile, a first-stage cooler flowmeter (16), a second-stage cooler flowmeter (18) and a third-stage cooler flowmeter (20) automatically control the opening degree of a first-stage cooler control valve (15), a second-stage cooler control valve (17) and a third-stage cooler control valve (19) by the control system according to the steam amount entering the first-stage vacuum cooler (6), the second-stage vacuum cooler (7) and the third-stage vacuum cooler (8) so as to maintain the high-efficiency operation state of the sea water desalination device vacuumizing system;
s2: during the operation of the sea water desalination device, the multistage vacuumizing device control system monitors the vacuum conditions of main equipment and auxiliary equipment according to a vacuum measuring point controller (26), automatically exits the operation states of the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor (4) and the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor (5), closes a fourth-stage air extractor control valve (13) and a fifth-stage air extractor control valve (14), monitors the operation states of the first-stage vacuum air extractor (1), the second-stage vacuum air extractor (2) and the third-stage vacuum air extractor (3) only by the vacuum measuring point controller (26), and simultaneously cooperates with the first-stage vacuum air extractor (6), the second-stage vacuum air extractor (7) and the third-stage vacuum air extractor (8), and the first-stage vacuum air extractor flowmeter (16), the second-stage vacuum air extractor (18) and the third-stage air extractor flowmeter (20) automatically control the first-stage air extractor control valve (15), the second-stage air extractor control valve (17) and the third-stage vacuum air extractor control valve (8) according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum air extractor (6), the second-stage vacuum air extractor (7) and the third-stage air extractor control valve (8), so as to maintain the open degree of the sea water desalination device to be in a lower vacuum state than the operation state;
s3: during the shutdown period of the sea water desalination device, the control system of the multi-stage vacuumizing device is used for closing the control valve (12) of the third-stage air extractor, the control valve (11) of the second-stage air extractor and the control valve (10) of the first-stage air extractor step by step, and simultaneously, the flow meter (16) of the first-stage cooler, the flow meter (18) of the second-stage cooler and the flow meter (20) of the third-stage cooler are used for automatically controlling the opening degrees of the control valve (15) of the first-stage cooler, the control valve (17) of the second-stage cooler and the control valve (19) of the third-stage cooler by the control system according to the steam quantity entering the first-stage vacuum cooler (6), the second-stage vacuum cooler (7) and the third-stage vacuum cooler (8), so that the cooling standby requirement of the multi-stage vacuumizing system is met;
step S2 further comprises the steps of:
s2a: when the vacuum leakage amount of the sea water desalination device is increased due to faults or leakage points, the multistage vacuumizing device control system automatically controls to independently input the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor (4) or simultaneously input the operation states of the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor (4) and the fifth-stage vacuum air extractor (5) according to the feedback vacuum fluctuation condition of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment monitored by the vacuum measuring point controller (26) and the discharge flow change of the non-condensable gas monitored by the non-condensable gas flowmeter (28), so as to maintain the higher-efficiency operation state of the vacuumizing system of the sea water desalination device;
in the step S3, a one-way control valve (29) is arranged at the outlet of the third-stage vacuum cooler (8) so as to avoid vacuum fluctuation caused by that external air is not sucked into the sea water desalination device during the shutdown of the vacuumizing system.
2. The multipoint vacuumizing system of the low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device according to claim 1, wherein a non-condensable gas flowmeter (28) and a one-way control valve (29) are arranged on a connecting pipeline between the third-stage vacuum cooler (8) and the fourth-stage vacuum air extractor (4).
3. The multi-point vacuumizing system of the low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device according to claim 1, wherein a first-stage vacuumizing control valve (10) is arranged above the first-stage vacuumizing device (1), the first-stage vacuumizing device control valve (10) is arranged on a pipeline where the first-stage vacuumizing device (1) is communicated with a steam input pipeline (21), a second-stage vacuumizing device control valve (11) is arranged above the second-stage vacuumizing device (2), the second-stage vacuumizing device control valve (11) is arranged on a pipeline where the second-stage vacuumizing device (2) is communicated with the steam input pipeline (21), a third-stage vacuumizing device control valve (12) is arranged above the third-stage vacuumizing device (3), the third-stage vacuumizing device control valve (12) is arranged on a pipeline where the third-stage vacuumizing device (3) is communicated with the steam input pipeline (21), the input end of the fourth-stage vacuumizing device (4) is connected with a fourth-stage vacuumizing device control valve (13), the fourth-stage vacuumizing device control valve (13) is arranged on a pipeline where the fourth-stage vacuumizing device (4) is communicated with the steam input pipeline (21), and the fifth-stage vacuumizing device control valve (14) is arranged on the fifth-stage vacuumizing device (14).
4. The multipoint vacuumizing system of the low-temperature multi-effect sea water desalting device according to claim 1, wherein a first-stage cooler flowmeter (16) and a first-stage cooler control valve (15) are sequentially arranged below the first-stage vacuum cooler (6), the first-stage cooler flowmeter (16) and the first-stage cooler control valve (15) are positioned on a pipeline of the first-stage vacuum cooler (6) communicated with a cooling water input pipeline (22), a second-stage cooler flowmeter (18) and a second-stage cooler control valve (17) are sequentially arranged below the second-stage vacuum cooler (7), the second-stage cooler flowmeter (18) and the second-stage cooler control valve (17) are positioned on a pipeline of the second-stage vacuum cooler (7) communicated with the cooling water input pipeline (22), a third-stage cooler flowmeter (20) and a third-stage cooler control valve (19) are sequentially arranged below the third-stage vacuum cooler (8), and the third-stage cooler flowmeter (20) and the third-stage cooler control valve (19) are positioned on a pipeline of the third-stage vacuum cooler (8) communicated with the cooling water input pipeline (22).
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