CN113086078A - Handle accelerator - Google Patents
Handle accelerator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113086078A CN113086078A CN202110564980.8A CN202110564980A CN113086078A CN 113086078 A CN113086078 A CN 113086078A CN 202110564980 A CN202110564980 A CN 202110564980A CN 113086078 A CN113086078 A CN 113086078A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mounting seat
- hall chip
- permanent magnet
- handlebar
- accelerator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K23/00—Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips
- B62K23/02—Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips hand actuated
- B62K23/04—Twist grips
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a handlebar accelerator, comprising: the handle comprises a handle sleeve, a permanent magnet mounting seat and a Hall chip mounting seat, wherein one end of the permanent magnet mounting seat is connected with one end of the handle sleeve, and the other end of the permanent magnet mounting seat is rotatably connected with the Hall chip mounting seat. When the permanent magnet installation seat is used, the permanent magnet installation seat can be driven to rotate relative to the Hall chip installation seat by rotating the handle sleeve, so that the acceleration function is realized. When needing to maintain, can wholly pull down handle cover, permanent magnet mount pad and hall chip mount pad from the hand (hold), when one of them spare part damaged, change it, with other spare part equipment backs, whole assembly is on the hand (hold) again, consequently can improve the dismouting convenience and the maintainability of hand (hold) accelerator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a handlebar accelerator and a motorcycle comprising the handlebar accelerator.
Background
The handlebar accelerator arranged on the motorcycle is used for controlling the speed of the motorcycle, and the commonly used handlebar accelerator and the right brake handle switch seat are integrated, so that the universality of the right brake handle switch seat and the handlebar accelerator is poor; the fixed end of the handle accelerator is fixed mainly by a screw, and the connecting mode easily causes the handle paint to fall off, so that the handle is rusted, and the service life is reduced; or the fixed end of the handle accelerator is directly clamped on the handle, but the handle accelerator is easy to loosen after being used for a long time, so that certain potential safety hazards exist.
Therefore, how to provide a handlebar accelerator convenient for disassembly and assembly and maintenance is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a handlebar accelerator which can effectively improve the convenience and maintainability of the disassembly and assembly, and also aims to provide a motorcycle comprising the handlebar accelerator.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a handlebar accelerator comprising: the handle comprises a handle sleeve, a permanent magnet mounting seat and a Hall chip mounting seat, wherein the handle sleeve is used for being rotatably sleeved on a handle, one end of the permanent magnet mounting seat is detachably connected with one end of the handle sleeve, the other end of the permanent magnet mounting seat is rotatably connected with the Hall chip mounting seat, and the Hall chip mounting seat is fixedly connected with the handle.
Preferably, the middle of the hall chip mounting base is provided with a through hole coaxial with the handle sleeve, the hall chip mounting base is sleeved outside the handle through the through hole, an annular clamping groove is arranged in the through hole, one end of the permanent magnet mounting base is provided with an extending end facing the hall chip mounting base, and the outer side of the tail end of the extending end is provided with a clamping hook mutually matched with the annular clamping groove.
Preferably, the extension end is sleeved with a spring, two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the hall chip mounting seat and the permanent magnet mounting seat, and the spring is used for driving the permanent magnet mounting seat to reset after rotating relative to the hall chip mounting seat, so as to drive the handle sleeve to reset.
Preferably, the extending end is a cylinder, and the tail end of the cylinder is provided with an open slot.
Preferably, an arc-shaped magnet is arranged on one side, facing the hall chip mounting seat, of the permanent magnet mounting seat, and a preset gap for placing the spring is arranged between the inner side of the arc-shaped magnet and the outer side of the extension end.
Preferably, still include the shell, be equipped with in the shell and be used for the joint to be in locating pin on the hand (hold), the permanent magnet mount pad is located inside the shell, the hall chip mount pad can be dismantled and connect inside the shell.
Preferably, the housing comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, the hall chip mounting base is detachably connected to the upper cover or the lower cover through a first fastener, and the upper cover and the lower cover are detachably connected through a second fastener.
Preferably, the positioning pin is located in the upper cover and/or the lower cover.
Preferably, one side of the upper cover or the lower cover, which is far away from the handle sleeve, is provided with an avoiding groove, one end of the Hall chip mounting seat, which is far away from the permanent magnet mounting seat, is provided with a protrusion which penetrates out of the avoiding groove, a wiring hole for a lead to penetrate out is arranged in the protrusion, and one end of the lead is connected with the Hall chip.
A motorcycle comprising a handlebar accelerator as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
1. because the handle sleeve, the permanent magnet mounting seat and the Hall chip mounting seat can be independently modularized, the handle sleeve and the permanent magnet mounting seat can be modularized, the permanent magnet mounting seat and the Hall chip mounting seat can be modularized, or the handle sleeve, the permanent magnet mounting seat and the Hall chip mounting seat can be modularized to be processed, so that the handle sleeve, the permanent magnet mounting seat and the Hall chip mounting seat can be conveniently disassembled and maintained.
2. The permanent magnet mounting seat and the Hall chip mounting seat are connected in a clamping and relative rotating mode through the clamping hook and the annular clamping groove, so that the assembling stability of the permanent magnet mounting seat and the Hall chip mounting seat is improved, and the rotating stability of the permanent magnet mounting seat relative to the Hall chip mounting seat is also improved.
3. Through being connected the hall chip mount pad in the shell, pass through the locating pin with the shell again and be connected with the hand (hold), can improve the fixed stability of hall chip mount pad relative to the hand (hold).
4. Through setting up the shell into upper cover and lower cover, can improve the convenience of hand (hold) accelerator assembly on the hand (hold), through the groove of dodging on upper cover or the lower cover in addition, the lead wire of the hall chip of being convenient for is worn out.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a handlebar accelerator in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a housing of the handlebar accelerator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a Hall chip mounting base and a housing;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the handlebar accelerator;
fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view along the line a-a in fig. 4.
The reference numbers are as follows:
1 is a handle sleeve;
2 is a permanent magnet mounting seat, 2-1 is a connecting disc, 2-2 is an arc magnet, 2-3 is a clamping hook, 2-4 is an open slot, and 2-5 is an extension end;
3 is a Hall chip mounting seat, 3-1 is a through hole, 3-2 is an annular clamping groove, 3-3 is a bulge, and 3-4 is a wiring hole;
4 is a spring;
5 is a shell, 5-1 is an upper cover, 5-2 is a lower cover, 5-3 is a positioning pin, and 5-4 is an avoidance groove;
6 is a first fastener;
and 7, a second fastener.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be implemented in a number of ways different from those described herein and similar generalizations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 is an exploded view of a handlebar accelerator according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a housing of the handlebar accelerator; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a Hall chip mounting base and a housing; FIG. 4 is a side view of the handlebar accelerator;
fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view along the line a-a in fig. 4.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a handlebar accelerator comprising: handle sleeve 1, permanent magnet mount pad 2, hall chip mount pad 3, when the assembly, the one end of permanent magnet mount pad 2 is connected with the one end of handle sleeve 1, the other end and the hall chip mount pad 3 of permanent magnet mount pad 2 rotate to be connected, the three can assemble earlier for a whole, then establish handle sleeve 1 cover on the hand (hold), carry out fixed connection with hall chip mount pad 3 for the hand (hold) at last can, wherein can carry out the modularization with handle sleeve 1 and permanent magnet mount pad 2, also can be with permanent magnet mount pad 2 and the modularization of hall chip mount pad 3, perhaps carry out the modularization with the three from handling, so that the dismouting. The Hall chip mounting base 3 can be directly fixed on the handle, and can also be indirectly fixed on the handle through other connecting pieces, so long as the Hall chip mounting base 3 can be fixed relative to the handle.
When the permanent magnet installation seat is used, the permanent magnet installation seat 2 can be driven to rotate relative to the Hall chip installation seat 3 by rotating the handle sleeve 1, so that the acceleration function is realized. When needing to maintain, can wholly pull down handle cover 1, permanent magnet mount pad 2 and hall chip mount pad 3 from the hand (hold), when one of them spare part damaged, change it, with other spare part equipment backs, whole assembly is on the hand (hold) again, consequently can improve the dismouting convenience and the maintainability of hand (hold) accelerator.
Furthermore, a through hole 3-1 coaxial with the handle sleeve 1 is formed in the middle of the Hall chip mounting base 3, the Hall chip mounting base 3 is sleeved outside the handle through the through hole 3-1, an annular clamping groove 3-2 is formed in the through hole 3-1, one end of the permanent magnet mounting base 2 is provided with an extending end 2-5 facing the Hall chip mounting base 3, and a clamping hook 2-3 is arranged on the outer side of the tail end of the extending end 2-5. The hook 2-3 and the ring-shaped slot 3-2 are matched with each other, specifically, the extending end 2-5 is preferably a cylinder, the tail end of the cylinder is provided with an open slot 2-4, when the hook 2-3 extends into the through hole 3-1, the tail end of the cylinder generates elastic deformation under the action of the open slot 2-4, and when the hook 2-3 reaches the position of the ring-shaped slot 3-2, the hook 2-3 is clamped into the ring-shaped slot 3-2 under the action of elastic force. When the handle sleeve 1 is rotated, the permanent magnet mounting seat 2 rotates along with the rotation, at the moment, the clamping hook 2-3 can rotate in the annular clamping groove 3-2, namely the annular clamping groove 3-2 plays a role in guiding the clamping hook 2-3, so that the stability of the permanent magnet mounting seat 2 relative to the Hall chip mounting seat 3 in a rotating mode is guaranteed, and in addition, the permanent magnet mounting seat 2 is connected with the Hall chip mounting seat 3 through a buckle, and the assembly stability of the permanent magnet mounting seat 2 and the Hall chip mounting seat 3 is improved.
In order to facilitate the resetting of the handle sleeve 1, the extension end 2-5 is sleeved with a spring 4, as shown in fig. 1, two ends of the spring 4 are respectively connected with the Hall chip mounting seat 3 and the permanent magnet mounting seat 2, when the handle sleeve 1 is rotated and accelerated, the spring 4 contracts and deforms, and when the handle sleeve 1 is loosened, the permanent magnet mounting seat 2 resets under the action of the elastic force of the spring 4, so that the handle sleeve 1 is driven to reset.
Regarding the specific structure of the permanent magnet mounting seat 2, one side of the permanent magnet mounting seat 2 facing the Hall chip mounting seat 3 is provided with an arc magnet 2-2, a preset gap for placing a spring 4 is arranged between the inner side of the arc magnet 2-2 and the outer side of an extension end 2-5, the permanent magnet mounting seat 2 is provided with a connecting disc 2-1, and the connecting disc 2-1 is connected with the handle sleeve 1 through a fastening screw.
In an embodiment of the invention, the hall chip mounting device further comprises a shell 5, a positioning pin 5-3 used for being clamped on the handle is arranged in the shell 5, the shell 5 can be prevented from rotating relative to the handle through the positioning pin 5-3, and further, the mounting stability of the shell 5 is improved, wherein the permanent magnet mounting seat 2 is positioned in the shell 5, the hall chip mounting seat 3 is detachably connected in the shell 5, namely, the hall chip mounting seat 3 is connected with the shell 5, the shell 5 is connected with the handle, the hall chip mounting seat 3 is not directly connected with the handle, and the permanent magnet mounting seat 2 and the hall chip mounting seat 3 can be protected through the shell 5.
Specifically, the shell 5 comprises an upper cover 5-1 and a lower cover 5-2, the Hall chip mounting base 3 is detachably connected in the upper cover 5-1 or the lower cover 5-2 through a first fastening piece 6, and the upper cover 5-1 and the lower cover 5-2 are detachably connected through a second fastening piece 7. For example, during assembly, the hall chip mounting base 3 can be fixed in the upper cover 5-1 through the first fastening piece 6, and after the hall chip mounting base 3 is sleeved on the handle, the upper cover 5-1 and the lower cover 5-2 can be fixed through the second fastening piece 7, so that the handle accelerator can be mounted. Wherein the first fastening member 6 and the second fastening member 7 are preferably screws, and the positioning pin 5-3 can be located in the upper cover 5-1 and/or the lower cover 5-2, and the specific location can be selected according to actual situations.
In order to facilitate the leading of the Hall chip, one side of the upper cover 5-1 or the lower cover 5-2, which is far away from the handle sleeve 1, is provided with an avoiding groove 5-4, one end of the Hall chip mounting seat 3, which is far away from the permanent magnet mounting seat 2, is provided with a protrusion which penetrates out from the avoiding groove 5-4, a wire walking hole for the leading wire to penetrate out is arranged in the protrusion, and one end of the leading wire is connected with the Hall chip. In addition, the protrusions are matched with the avoiding grooves 5-4, so that a certain limiting effect can be achieved on the Hall chip mounting seat 3, and the assembling stability of the Hall chip mounting seat 3 is improved.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a motorcycle, including the handlebar accelerator provided in any one of the embodiments above, and its beneficial effects refer to the handlebar accelerator, which is not described herein again.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A handlebar accelerator comprising: handle cover (1), permanent magnet mount pad (2), hall chip mount pad (3), handle cover (1) is used for rotating to cup joint on the hand (hold), the one end of permanent magnet mount pad (2) with the connection can be dismantled to the one end of handle cover (1), the other end of permanent magnet mount pad (2) with hall chip mount pad (3) rotate and connect, hall chip mount pad (3) for hand (hold) fixed connection.
2. The handlebar accelerator of claim 1, wherein a through hole (3-1) coaxial with the handlebar sleeve (1) is formed in the middle of the hall chip mounting seat (3), the hall chip mounting seat (3) is sleeved outside the handlebar through the through hole (3-1), an annular clamping groove (3-2) is formed in the through hole (3-1), an extending end (2-5) facing the hall chip mounting seat (3) is formed at one end of the permanent magnet mounting seat (2), and a clamping hook (2-3) matched with the annular clamping groove (3-2) is formed at the outer side of the tail end of the extending end (2-5).
3. The handlebar accelerator as claimed in claim 2, wherein a spring (4) is sleeved outside the extension end (2-5), two ends of the spring (4) are respectively connected with the hall chip mounting seat (3) and the permanent magnet mounting seat (2), and the spring (4) is used for driving the permanent magnet mounting seat (2) to reset after rotating relative to the hall chip mounting seat (3), so as to drive the handlebar sleeve (1) to reset.
4. The handlebar accelerator according to claim 2, characterized in that the extension end (2-5) is a cylinder, the end of which is provided with an open slot (2-4).
5. The handlebar accelerator according to claim 3, characterized in that the permanent magnet mount (2) is provided with an arc-shaped magnet (2-2) on the side facing the hall chip mount (3), and a predetermined gap for placing the spring (4) is provided between the inner side of the arc-shaped magnet (2-2) and the outer side of the extension end (2-5).
6. The handlebar accelerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a housing (5), wherein a positioning pin (5-3) for being clamped on the handlebar is arranged in the housing (5), the permanent magnet mounting seat (2) is located inside the housing (5), and the Hall chip mounting seat (3) is detachably connected inside the housing (5).
7. The handlebar accelerator of claim 6, wherein the housing comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, the hall chip mount is removably coupled within the upper cover or the lower cover via a first fastener, and the upper cover and the lower cover are removably coupled via a second fastener.
8. The handlebar accelerator according to claim 7, characterized in that the positioning pin (5-3) is located inside the upper cover (5-1) and/or the lower cover (5-2).
9. The handlebar accelerator of claim 7, wherein an avoiding groove (5-4) is formed in one side of the upper cover (5-1) or the lower cover (5-2) away from the handlebar sleeve (1), a protrusion (3-3) penetrating out of the avoiding groove (5-4) is arranged at one end of the hall chip mounting base (3) away from the permanent magnet mounting base (2), a wire passing hole (3-4) for a lead to penetrate out is formed in the protrusion (3-3), and one end of the lead is connected with the hall chip.
10. A motorcycle comprising a handlebar accelerator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110564980.8A CN113086078A (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Handle accelerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110564980.8A CN113086078A (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Handle accelerator |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113086078A true CN113086078A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
Family
ID=76664219
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110564980.8A Withdrawn CN113086078A (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Handle accelerator |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113086078A (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN205769902U (en) * | 2016-05-28 | 2016-12-07 | 广东大冶摩托车技术有限公司 | A kind of Moped Scooter half speed control crank |
CN206417134U (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-08-18 | 金明涛 | The safe handle of electric car |
CN206914548U (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2018-01-23 | 金明涛 | A kind of false-touch prevention electric vehicle rotary handle |
CN209889044U (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2020-01-03 | 乐清市力诺机车部件有限公司 | Rotating handle fixing structure |
CN211281345U (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-08-18 | 深圳瑞迪泰科电子有限公司 | Accelerating device of electric scooter |
CN211918914U (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-11-13 | 北京骑胜科技有限公司 | Rotating handle mechanism and electric vehicle |
CN213109674U (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江浙南机车业有限公司 | Speed regulation handle for electric vehicle or motorcycle |
-
2021
- 2021-05-24 CN CN202110564980.8A patent/CN113086078A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN205769902U (en) * | 2016-05-28 | 2016-12-07 | 广东大冶摩托车技术有限公司 | A kind of Moped Scooter half speed control crank |
CN206417134U (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-08-18 | 金明涛 | The safe handle of electric car |
CN206914548U (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2018-01-23 | 金明涛 | A kind of false-touch prevention electric vehicle rotary handle |
CN209889044U (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2020-01-03 | 乐清市力诺机车部件有限公司 | Rotating handle fixing structure |
CN211281345U (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-08-18 | 深圳瑞迪泰科电子有限公司 | Accelerating device of electric scooter |
CN211918914U (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-11-13 | 北京骑胜科技有限公司 | Rotating handle mechanism and electric vehicle |
CN213109674U (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江浙南机车业有限公司 | Speed regulation handle for electric vehicle or motorcycle |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102950567B (en) | Screw support device and screw tool assembled with screw support device | |
US5615428A (en) | Elastic cradle | |
WO2006093718A1 (en) | Anti-disengagement connect system for a power tool | |
US7625228B2 (en) | Anti-disengagement cord connect for a power tool | |
EP0820922A2 (en) | Bicycle electricity generator and a method of assembling the electricity generator to a bicycle | |
CN113086078A (en) | Handle accelerator | |
JPH05187426A (en) | Nut plate retainer | |
US4696153A (en) | Lawn mower blade safety assembly | |
CN109093495B (en) | Grinding machine | |
CN210077118U (en) | Spacing pivot that rotation seat was used | |
JPH0537673U (en) | Cantilever type caliper brake | |
CN219509980U (en) | Screw connection device | |
CN209739217U (en) | Auxiliary wheel mounting device for bicycle | |
CN220914699U (en) | Switch socket capable of being disassembled quickly | |
CN215109593U (en) | Large industrial ceiling fan with multiple protection structures | |
CN111993344A (en) | Nut conveying device and nut mounting system | |
CN215788037U (en) | Screw up auxiliary device and screw up machine | |
CN208128871U (en) | The magnetic backing pin structure of lawn machine cutterhead height-regulating mechanism | |
CN217475821U (en) | Quick-release mechanism for replacing screwdriver head of screw machine and screw machine | |
CN113266588B (en) | Transformer fan | |
KR950009967Y1 (en) | Cylinder and credle structrue | |
JP2506636Y2 (en) | Switch arc extinguishing device | |
JPH0647710Y2 (en) | Injection molding machine screw fixture | |
KR200299168Y1 (en) | two for one twister's cradle | |
JP3001861U (en) | Spinning reel for fishing |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20210709 |
|
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |