CN113084167A - Ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming - Google Patents
Ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN113084167A CN113084167A CN202110366543.5A CN202110366543A CN113084167A CN 113084167 A CN113084167 A CN 113084167A CN 202110366543 A CN202110366543 A CN 202110366543A CN 113084167 A CN113084167 A CN 113084167A
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2202/00—Treatment under specific physical conditions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
An ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming relates to an ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming. Aims to solve the problem that directional solidification structures are easy to generate in the forming process of the existing laser melting deposition equipment. The device consists of a substrate, a temperature control plate, an air cooling bin, a water cooling bin, a fixed base and an ultrasonic vibrator. The device of the invention generates a high-frequency ultrasonic field in the laser melting deposition forming process, realizes the homogenization and grain refinement of the structure of the formed product and improves the strength of the laser melting deposition product. Meanwhile, the temperature of the substrate can be adjusted by arranging the temperature control plate with adjustable temperature below the substrate. The invention is suitable for laser melting deposition forming.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal laser melting deposition forming equipment, in particular to an ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming.
Background
With the continuous deepening of the concept of green sustainable development, the 3D printing technology greatly reduces the waste of raw materials in a specific additive forming mode, and becomes an advanced manufacturing technology with great development prospect. The laser melting deposition technology is taken as an important development direction of a 3D printing technology in the metal field, and the forming of a metal product is realized by adopting a working mode of laser coaxial powder feeding and by channels and layer by layer under the control of a computer. In the working process of the laser melting deposition equipment, metal powder and protective gas are synchronously sprayed out from a nozzle of the laser melting deposition equipment, and the metal powder is melted and solidified in the protective gas atmosphere. A large number of strip-shaped crystal tissues which are arranged in an oriented mode exist in a metal part formed by the existing laser melting deposition equipment, so that the part has obvious brittleness when being stressed in a direction perpendicular to the oriented tissues.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming, which aims to solve the problem that directional solidification structures are easy to generate in the forming process of the existing laser melting deposition equipment.
The invention relates to an ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming, which consists of a substrate, a temperature control plate, an air cooling bin, a water cooling bin, a fixed base and an ultrasonic vibrator;
the base plate is arranged on the upper surface of the temperature control plate and is fixedly connected with the temperature control plate through bolts; the air cooling bin is arranged below the temperature control plate, a bottom plate of the air cooling bin is a fixed base, the side wall of the air cooling bin is provided with a ventilation opening, and a fan is arranged in the ventilation opening; the water cooling bin is arranged in the air cooling bin, and a bottom plate of the water cooling bin is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air cooling bin; a plurality of through holes are formed in a top plate of the water cooling bin, a mounting hole is formed in a bottom plate of the water cooling bin below each through hole, a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators are arranged in the air cooling bin, an ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the lower end of each ultrasonic vibrator, an amplitude transformer fixedly connected with the ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the upper end of each ultrasonic vibrator, and a threaded rod is arranged at the upper end of each amplitude transformer; the middle part of the amplitude transformer is provided with an annular flange; the amplitude transformer sequentially penetrates through a mounting hole of a bottom plate of the water cooling bin, a through hole of a top plate of the water cooling bin and a stepped hole formed in the top plate of the air cooling bin, a threaded rod at the upper end of the amplitude transformer is screwed into the lower surface of the temperature control plate, the amplitude transformer is arranged in the water cooling bin, the ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the air cooling bin, a sealing assembly is arranged between the mounting hole formed in the bottom plate of the water cooling bin and the ultrasonic vibrator, and an annular flange of the ultrasonic vibrator is arranged in the stepped hole formed in the top plate of the air cooling bin;
the sealing assembly consists of a rubber sleeve, a pressing plate and a sealing adhesive tape, wherein the pressing plate is annular, an annular leakage-proof groove is formed in the periphery of an installation hole in the upper surface of a bottom plate of the water cooling bin, the rubber sleeve is sleeved on the lower portion of the amplitude transformer, and the upper portion of the rubber sleeve is arranged in the leakage-proof groove and fixed through the pressing plate and a bolt; the lower part of the rubber sleeve and the amplitude transformer are wound and sealed by a sealing adhesive tape;
the temperature control plate is a hollow flat plate, a refrigerating liquid circulating pipe and a resistance wire are arranged in the temperature control plate, and the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe and the resistance wire are arranged in the temperature control plate in a snake shape; the liquid inlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe is connected with the liquid outlet of the refrigerating liquid tank, and the liquid outlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe is connected with the liquid inlet of the refrigerating liquid tank; the upper surface of the temperature control plate is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors of the temperature control plate; the temperature control plate temperature controller is arranged outside the temperature control plate and is arranged in the temperature control plate control box; two ends of the resistance wire are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply, and one end of the resistance wire is provided with a control switch; the water cooling bin is provided with a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water return pipe, and the cooling water inlet pipe and the cooling water return pipe are respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the cooling water tank.
The principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. in the device, the ultrasonic vibrator is arranged below the temperature control plate, the ultrasonic transducer can generate ultrasonic vibration, the amplitude transformer can increase the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave, the amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic vibrator is soaked in the water cooling bin, and the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic vibrator is positioned in the air cooling bin, so that the damage of the ultrasonic transducer caused by the heat from the substrate and the self heat production of the ultrasonic transducer can be prevented, the use effect is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
2. In the laser melting deposition forming process, the ultrasonic vibrator generates a high-frequency ultrasonic field on the surface of the substrate, ultrasonic waves are loaded in situ in the laser melting deposition process, the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic waves generates a sound pressure field in the molten pool, the flowing of molten mass in the molten pool is accelerated in the laser melting deposition process, the solidified dendritic crystals are crushed, the molten mass is stirred, the homogenization and grain refinement of the structure of a formed product are realized, and the strength of the laser melting deposition product is improved.
3. The temperature control plate with variable temperature is arranged below the substrate, so that the temperature of the substrate is controlled. The thermal resistance wire can play the heating and heat preservation effect, can preheat the base plate, and makes the base plate be in a certain temperature range, and the effectual probability that laser melting deposition work piece takes place the fracture because of temperature gradient is great that has reduced. The refrigerating fluid pipe arranged in the substrate can guide refrigerating fluid into the temperature control plate, so that the temperature of the temperature control plate and the substrate is reduced, and the laser melting deposition forming requirement under a low-temperature environment is met.
4. According to the invention, the cooling water inlet pump, the cooling water outlet pump, the refrigerating fluid inlet pump and the refrigerating fluid outlet pump are arranged in the temperature control box of the temperature control plate and the cooling water circulation control box, so that the cooling effect of the refrigerant is fully utilized, and the resource saving effect is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming in example 1;
fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a seal assembly between the ultrasonic vibrator 6 and the mounting hole in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the leakage preventing grooves 6-4 on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4 in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper surface of a temperature control plate 2 in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of the temperature control section of the temperature control plate 2 in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the rubber boot 6-3 in example 1;
fig. 7 is a top view of fig. 6.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and any reasonable combination of the specific embodiments is included.
The first embodiment is as follows: the ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming in the embodiment is composed of a substrate 1, a temperature control plate 2, an air cooling bin 3, a water cooling bin 4, a fixed base 5 and an ultrasonic vibrator 6;
the substrate 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the temperature control plate 2 and fixedly connected with the temperature control plate through bolts; the air cooling bin 3 is arranged below the temperature control plate 2, a bottom plate 5 of the air cooling bin 3 is a fixed base, the side wall of the air cooling bin 3 is provided with a ventilation opening, and a fan 7 is arranged in the ventilation opening; the water cooling bin 4 is arranged in the air cooling bin 3, and a bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air cooling bin 3; a plurality of through holes are formed in a top plate of the water cooling bin 4, a mounting hole is formed in a bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4 below each through hole, a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators 6 are arranged in the air cooling bin 3, the lower end of each ultrasonic vibrator 6 is provided with an ultrasonic transducer 6-1, the upper end of each ultrasonic vibrator is provided with an amplitude transformer 6-2 fixedly connected with the ultrasonic transducer 6-1, and the upper end part of each amplitude transformer 6-2 is provided with a threaded rod; the middle part of the amplitude transformer 6-2 is provided with an annular flange 6-5; the amplitude transformer 6-2 sequentially passes through a mounting hole of a bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4, a through hole of a top plate of the water cooling bin 4 and a stepped hole formed in a top plate of the air cooling bin 3, a threaded rod at the upper end part of the amplitude transformer 6-2 is screwed into the lower surface of the temperature control plate 2, the amplitude transformer 6-2 is arranged in the water cooling bin 4, the ultrasonic transducer 6-1 is arranged in the air cooling bin 3, a sealing assembly is arranged between the mounting hole formed in the bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4 and the ultrasonic vibrator 6, and an annular flange 6-5 of the ultrasonic vibrator 6 is arranged in the stepped hole formed in the top plate of the air cooling bin 3;
the sealing assembly consists of a rubber sleeve 6-3, a pressure plate 6-6 and a sealing adhesive tape 6-7, wherein the pressure plate 6-6 is annular, an annular leakage-proof groove 6-4 is arranged around a mounting hole on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4, the rubber sleeve 6-3 is sleeved on the lower part of the amplitude transformer 6-2, and the upper part of the rubber sleeve 6-3 is arranged in the leakage-proof groove 6-4 and is fixed by the pressure plate 6-6 and a bolt; the lower part of the rubber sleeve 6-3 and the amplitude transformer 6-2 are wound and sealed through a sealing adhesive tape 6-7;
the temperature control plate 2 is a hollow flat plate, a refrigerating fluid circulating pipe 9 and a resistance wire 10 are arranged in the temperature control plate 2, and the refrigerating fluid circulating pipe 9 and the resistance wire 10 are arranged in the temperature control plate 2 in a snake shape; the liquid inlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe 9 is connected with the liquid outlet of the refrigerating liquid tank 8, and the liquid outlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe 9 is connected with the liquid inlet of the refrigerating liquid tank 8; the upper surface of the temperature control plate 2 is provided with a plurality of temperature control plate temperature sensors 22; a temperature control plate temperature controller 12 is arranged outside the temperature control plate 2, and the temperature control plate temperature controller 12 is arranged in a temperature control plate control box 11; two ends of the resistance wire 10 are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply, and one end of the resistance wire 10 is provided with a control switch; the water cooling bin 4 is provided with a cooling water inlet pipe 15 and a cooling water return pipe 16, and the cooling water inlet pipe 15 and the cooling water return pipe 16 are respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of a cooling water tank 19.
The embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
1. in this embodiment device, the ultrasonic vibrator is installed in accuse temperature board below, and ultrasonic transducer can produce ultrasonic vibration, and amplitude transformer can increase the ultrasonic wave amplitude, and ultrasonic vibrator's amplitude transformer soaks in water-cooling storehouse, and ultrasonic transducer of ultrasonic vibrator is in air-cooled storehouse, so set up can prevent to come from the heat of base plate and ultrasonic transducer self heat production to lead to ultrasonic transducer to damage, has improved the result of use, has prolonged life.
2. In the laser melting deposition forming process, the ultrasonic vibrator generates a high-frequency ultrasonic field on the surface of the substrate, ultrasonic waves are loaded in the laser melting deposition process in situ, the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic waves generates a sound pressure field in the molten pool, the flowing of molten mass in the molten pool is accelerated in the laser melting deposition process, the solidified dendritic crystals are crushed, the molten mass is stirred, the homogenization and grain refinement of the structure of a formed product are realized, and the strength of the laser melting deposition product is improved.
3. In the embodiment, the temperature control plate with variable temperature is arranged below the substrate, so that the temperature of the substrate is controlled. The thermal resistance wire can play the heating and heat preservation effect, can preheat the base plate, and makes the base plate be in a certain temperature range, and the effectual probability that laser melting deposition work piece takes place the fracture because of temperature gradient is great that has reduced. The refrigerating fluid pipe arranged in the substrate can guide refrigerating fluid into the temperature control plate, so that the temperature of the temperature control plate and the substrate is reduced, and the laser melting deposition forming requirement under a low-temperature environment is met.
4. This embodiment is through setting up cooling water intake pump, cooling water outlet pump, refrigerating fluid intake pump and refrigerating fluid outlet pump in accuse temperature board temperature control box and cooling water circulation control box, make full use of the cooling effect of refrigerant, played resources are saved's effect.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the rubber sleeve 6-3 is funnel-shaped.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: and 5 through holes are formed in the top plate of the water cooling bin 4.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: and 5 ultrasonic vibrators 6 are arranged in the air cooling bin 3.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the liquid inlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe 9 is provided with a refrigerating liquid inlet pump 13-1, and the liquid outlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe 9 is provided with a refrigerating liquid return pump 13-2.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the fifth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that: and the control signal input end of the controller of the refrigerating fluid inlet pump 13-1 and the control signal input end of the controller of the refrigerating fluid return pump 13-2 are respectively connected with the control signal output end of the temperature control plate temperature controller 12. The refrigerating fluid circulating pipe 9 and the resistance wire 10 are used for adjusting the temperature of the temperature control plate 2, and the temperature control plate temperature sensor 22 is used for monitoring the temperature of the temperature control plate 2; when a low-temperature environment is needed, the temperature control plate temperature controller 12 starts a controller of a refrigerant liquid inlet pump 13-1 to cool the temperature control plate 2 by using the refrigerant liquid circulating pipe 9; when a high-temperature environment is needed, the temperature control plate temperature controller 12 starts a control switch of the resistance wire 10 to supply power to the resistance wire 10, and the temperature of the temperature control plate 2 is raised by the resistance wire 10.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: the temperature control plate temperature sensor 22 is embedded in the upper surface of the temperature control plate 2.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: the control signal input end of a control switch of the resistance wire 10 is connected with the control signal output end of a temperature control plate temperature controller 12; the signal wire of the temperature control plate temperature sensor 22 is arranged in the wire guide groove on the upper surface of the temperature control plate 2, and the output end of the signal wire is connected with the signal input end of the temperature control plate temperature sensor 22. The temperature signal obtained by the temperature-controlled plate temperature sensor 22 is transmitted to the temperature-controlled plate temperature controller 12.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: and a water inlet pump 20 is arranged on the cooling water inlet pipe 15, a water return pump 17 is arranged on the cooling water return pipe 16, and a water cooling bin temperature sensor 14 is arranged on the side wall of the water cooling bin 4.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from the ninth embodiment in that: the outside of the water cooling bin 4 is provided with a water cooling bin temperature controller 21 and a water cooling bin temperature control box 18.
The concrete implementation mode eleven: this embodiment is quite different from the specific embodiment in that: the water sump temperature controller 21 is arranged in the water cooling sump temperature control box 18, and a control signal input end of a controller of the water return pump 17 and a control signal input end of a controller of the water inlet pump 20 are respectively connected with a control signal output end of the water cooling sump temperature controller 21; the output end of the signal wire of the water-cooling bin temperature sensor 14 is connected with the signal input end of the water-cooling bin temperature controller 21. The water cooling bin temperature sensor 14 is used for monitoring the temperature of the water cooling bin 4, and the water cooling bin temperature controller 21 is used for controlling the water inlet pump 20 and the water return pump 17 to adjust the temperature of the water cooling bin 4.
Example 1:
with reference to fig. 1 to 7, the ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming in the present embodiment is composed of a substrate 1, a temperature control plate 2, an air cooling bin 3, a water cooling bin 4, a fixed base 5 and an ultrasonic vibrator 6;
the substrate 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the temperature control plate 2 and fixedly connected with the temperature control plate through bolts; the air cooling bin 3 is arranged below the temperature control plate 2, a bottom plate 5 of the air cooling bin 3 is a fixed base, the side wall of the air cooling bin 3 is provided with a ventilation opening, and a fan 7 is arranged in the ventilation opening; the water cooling bin 4 is arranged in the air cooling bin 3, and a bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air cooling bin 3; the top plate of the water cooling bin 4 is provided with 5 through holes, the bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4 below each through hole is provided with a mounting hole, 5 ultrasonic vibrators 6 are arranged in the air cooling bin 3, the lower end of each ultrasonic vibrator 6 is provided with an ultrasonic transducer 6-1, the upper end of each ultrasonic vibrator is provided with an amplitude transformer 6-2 fixedly connected with the ultrasonic transducer 6-1, and the upper end of each amplitude transformer 6-2 is provided with a threaded rod; the middle part of the amplitude transformer 6-2 is provided with an annular flange 6-5; the amplitude transformer 6-2 sequentially passes through a mounting hole of a bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4, a through hole of a top plate of the water cooling bin 4 and a stepped hole formed in a top plate of the air cooling bin 3, a threaded rod at the upper end part of the amplitude transformer 6-2 is screwed into the lower surface of the temperature control plate 2, the amplitude transformer 6-2 is arranged in the water cooling bin 4, the ultrasonic transducer 6-1 is arranged in the air cooling bin 3, a sealing assembly is arranged between the mounting hole formed in the bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4 and the ultrasonic vibrator 6, and an annular flange 6-5 of the ultrasonic vibrator 6 is arranged in the stepped hole formed in the top plate of the air cooling bin 3;
the sealing assembly is composed of a rubber sleeve 6-3, a pressing plate 6-6 and a sealing adhesive tape 6-7, wherein the rubber sleeve 6-3 is funnel-shaped; the pressure plate 6-6 is annular, an annular leakage-proof groove 6-4 is arranged around the mounting hole on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the water cooling bin 4, the rubber sleeve 6-3 is sleeved on the lower part of the amplitude transformer 6-2, and the upper part of the rubber sleeve 6-3 is arranged in the leakage-proof groove 6-4 and is fixed by the pressure plate 6-6 and a bolt; the lower part of the rubber sleeve 6-3 and the amplitude transformer 6-2 are wound and sealed through a sealing adhesive tape 6-7;
the temperature control plate 2 is a hollow flat plate, a refrigerating fluid circulating pipe 9 and a resistance wire 10 are arranged in the temperature control plate 2, and the refrigerating fluid circulating pipe 9 and the resistance wire 10 are arranged in the temperature control plate 2 in a snake shape; the liquid inlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe 9 is connected with the liquid outlet of the refrigerating liquid tank 8, and the liquid outlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe 9 is connected with the liquid inlet of the refrigerating liquid tank 8; the upper surface of the temperature control plate 2 is provided with a plurality of temperature control plate temperature sensors 22; a temperature control plate temperature controller 12 is arranged outside the temperature control plate 2, and the temperature control plate temperature controller 12 is arranged in a temperature control plate control box 11; two ends of the resistance wire 10 are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply, and one end of the resistance wire 10 is provided with a control switch; a cooling water inlet pipe 15 and a cooling water return pipe 16 are arranged on the water cooling bin 4, and the cooling water inlet pipe 15 and the cooling water return pipe 16 are respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of a cooling water tank 19;
a refrigerating fluid inlet pump 13-1 is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the refrigerating fluid circulating pipe 9, and a refrigerating fluid return pump 13-2 is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the refrigerating fluid circulating pipe 9; the control signal input end of the controller of the refrigerating fluid liquid inlet pump 13-1 and the control signal input end of the controller of the refrigerating fluid liquid return pump 13-2 are respectively connected with the control signal output end of the temperature control plate temperature controller 12; the temperature sensor 22 of the temperature control plate is embedded in the upper surface of the temperature control plate 2; the control signal input end of a control switch of the resistance wire 10 is connected with the control signal output end of a temperature control plate temperature controller 12; the signal wire of the temperature control plate temperature sensor 22 is arranged in the wire groove on the upper surface of the temperature control plate 2, the output end of the signal wire is connected with the signal input end of the temperature control plate temperature sensor 22, and the temperature signal obtained by the temperature control plate temperature sensor 22 is transmitted to the temperature control plate temperature controller 12;
a water inlet pump 20 is arranged on the cooling water inlet pipe 15, a water return pump 17 is arranged on the cooling water return pipe 16, and a water cooling bin temperature sensor 14 is arranged on the side wall of the water cooling bin 4; a water cooling bin temperature controller 21 and a water cooling bin temperature control box 18 are arranged outside the water cooling bin 4, the water cooling bin temperature controller 21 is arranged in the water cooling bin temperature control box 18, and a control signal input end of a controller of the water return pump 17 and a control signal input end of a controller of the water inlet pump 20 are respectively connected with a control signal output end of the water cooling bin temperature controller 21; the output end of the signal wire of the water-cooling bin temperature sensor 14 is connected with the signal input end of the water-cooling bin temperature controller 21.
1. In this embodiment device, the ultrasonic vibrator is installed in accuse temperature board below, and ultrasonic transducer can produce ultrasonic vibration, and amplitude transformer can increase the ultrasonic wave amplitude, and ultrasonic vibrator's amplitude transformer soaks in water-cooling storehouse, and ultrasonic transducer of ultrasonic vibrator is in air-cooled storehouse, so set up can prevent to come from the heat of base plate and ultrasonic transducer self heat production to lead to ultrasonic transducer to damage, has improved the result of use, has prolonged life.
2. In the laser melting deposition forming process, the ultrasonic vibrator generates a high-frequency ultrasonic field on the surface of the substrate, ultrasonic waves are loaded in the laser melting deposition process in situ, and the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic waves generates a sound pressure field in a molten pool, so that the flow of molten mass in the molten pool in the laser melting deposition process is accelerated, the solidified dendritic crystals are crushed, the molten mass is stirred, the homogenization and grain refinement of the structure of a formed product are realized, and the strength of the laser melting deposition product is improved.
3. The temperature control plate with variable temperature is arranged below the substrate, so that the temperature of the substrate is controlled. The thermal resistance wire can play the heating and heat preservation effect, can preheat the base plate, and makes the base plate be in a certain temperature range, and the effectual probability that laser melting deposition work piece takes place the fracture because of temperature gradient is great that has reduced. The refrigerating fluid pipe arranged in the substrate can guide refrigerating fluid into the temperature control plate, so that the temperature of the temperature control plate and the substrate is reduced, and the laser melting deposition forming requirement under a low-temperature environment is met.
4. This embodiment is through set up cooling water intake pump, cooling water outlet pump, refrigerating fluid intake pump and refrigerating fluid outlet pump in accuse temperature board temperature control box and cooling water circulation control box, make full use of the cooling effect of refrigerant, played resources are saved's effect.
Claims (11)
1. An ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming is characterized in that: the ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming is composed of a substrate (1), a temperature control plate (2), an air cooling bin (3), a water cooling bin (4), a fixed base (5) and an ultrasonic vibrator (6); the substrate (1) is arranged on the upper surface of the temperature control plate (2) and fixedly connected with the temperature control plate through bolts; the air cooling bin (3) is arranged below the temperature control plate (2), a bottom plate (5) of the air cooling bin (3) is a fixed base, the side wall of the air cooling bin (3) is provided with a ventilation opening, and a fan (7) is arranged in the ventilation opening; the water cooling bin (4) is arranged in the air cooling bin (3), and a bottom plate of the water cooling bin (4) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air cooling bin (3); a plurality of through holes are formed in a top plate of the water cooling bin (4), a mounting hole is formed in a bottom plate of the water cooling bin (4) below each through hole, a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators (6) are arranged in the air cooling bin (3), the lower end of each ultrasonic vibrator (6) is provided with an ultrasonic transducer (6-1), the upper end of each ultrasonic vibrator is provided with an amplitude transformer (6-2) fixedly connected with the ultrasonic transducer (6-1), and the upper end of each amplitude transformer (6-2) is provided with a threaded rod; the middle part of the amplitude transformer (6-2) is provided with an annular flange (6-5); the amplitude transformer (6-2) sequentially penetrates through a mounting hole of a bottom plate of the water cooling bin (4), a through hole of a top plate of the water cooling bin (4) and a stepped hole formed in a top plate of the air cooling bin (3), a threaded rod at the upper end of the amplitude transformer (6-2) is screwed into the lower surface of the temperature control plate (2), the amplitude transformer (6-2) is arranged in the water cooling bin (4), the ultrasonic transducer (6-1) is arranged in the air cooling bin (3), a sealing assembly is arranged between the mounting hole formed in the bottom plate of the water cooling bin (4) and the ultrasonic vibrator (6), and an annular flange (6-5) of the ultrasonic vibrator (6) is arranged in the stepped hole formed in the top plate of the air cooling bin (3); the sealing assembly consists of a rubber sleeve (6-3), a pressing plate (6-6) and a sealing adhesive tape (6-7), the pressing plate (6-6) is annular, an annular leakage-proof groove (6-4) is formed around a mounting hole on the upper surface of a bottom plate of the water cooling bin (4), the rubber sleeve (6-3) is sleeved on the lower part of the amplitude transformer (6-2), and the upper part of the rubber sleeve (6-3) is arranged in the leakage-proof groove (6-4) and fixed through the pressing plate (6-6) and a bolt; the lower part of the rubber sleeve (6-3) and the amplitude transformer (6-2) are wound and sealed through a sealing adhesive tape (6-7);
the temperature control plate (2) is a hollow flat plate, a refrigerating liquid circulating pipe (9) and a resistance wire (10) are arranged in the temperature control plate (2), and the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe (9) and the resistance wire (10) are distributed in the temperature control plate (2) in a snake shape; the liquid inlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe (9) is connected with the liquid outlet of the refrigerating liquid tank (8), and the liquid outlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe (9) is connected with the liquid inlet of the refrigerating liquid tank (8); the upper surface of the temperature control plate (2) is provided with a plurality of temperature control plate temperature sensors (22); a temperature control plate temperature controller (12) is arranged outside the temperature control plate (2), and the temperature control plate temperature controller (12) is arranged in a temperature control plate control box (11); two ends of the resistance wire (10) are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply, and one end of the resistance wire (10) is provided with a control switch; the water cooling bin (4) is provided with a cooling water inlet pipe (15) and a cooling water return pipe (16), and the cooling water inlet pipe (15) and the cooling water return pipe (16) are respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of a cooling water tank (19).
2. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming according to claim 1, wherein: the rubber sleeve (6-3) is funnel-shaped.
3. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming according to claim 1, wherein: and 5 through holes are formed in the top plate of the water cooling bin (4).
4. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming according to claim 1, wherein: and 5 ultrasonic vibrators (6) are arranged in the air cooling bin (3).
5. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid inlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe (9) is provided with a refrigerating liquid inlet pump (13-1), and the liquid outlet end of the refrigerating liquid circulating pipe (9) is provided with a refrigerating liquid return pump (13-2).
6. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming according to claim 5, wherein: and the control signal input end of the controller of the refrigerating fluid inlet pump (13-1) and the control signal input end of the controller of the refrigerating fluid return pump (13-2) are respectively connected with the control signal output end of the temperature control plate temperature controller (12).
7. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature sensor (22) of the temperature control plate is embedded in the upper surface of the temperature control plate (2).
8. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming according to claim 1, wherein: the control signal input end of a control switch of the resistance wire (10) is connected with the control signal output end of a temperature control plate temperature controller (12); the signal line of the temperature control plate temperature sensor (22) is arranged in the wire guide groove on the upper surface of the temperature control plate (2), the output end of the signal line is connected with the signal input end of the temperature control plate temperature sensor (22), and the temperature signal obtained by the temperature control plate temperature sensor (22) is transmitted to the temperature control plate temperature controller (12).
9. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming according to claim 1, wherein: the water cooling system is characterized in that a water inlet pump (20) is arranged on the cooling water inlet pipe (15), a water return pump (17) is arranged on the cooling water return pipe (16), and a water cooling bin temperature sensor (14) is arranged on the side wall of the water cooling bin (4).
10. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming of claim 9, wherein: a water cooling bin temperature controller (21) and a water cooling bin temperature control box (18) are arranged outside the water cooling bin (4).
11. The ultrasonic in-situ loading device for laser melting deposition forming of claim 10, wherein: the water sump temperature controller (21) is arranged in the water cooling sump temperature control box (18), and a control signal input end of a controller of the water return pump (17) and a control signal input end of a controller of the water inlet pump (20) are respectively connected with a control signal output end of the water cooling sump temperature controller (21); the output end of a signal wire of the water cooling bin temperature sensor (14) is connected with the signal input end of a water cooling bin temperature controller (21).
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| WO2023168615A1 (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-09-14 | Hui Chen | In-situ ultrasound aided laser directed-energy-deposition method and device for aluminium alloy powder process |
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