CN113084079A - Engine casting composite sand, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Engine casting composite sand, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN113084079A CN113084079A CN202110369160.3A CN202110369160A CN113084079A CN 113084079 A CN113084079 A CN 113084079A CN 202110369160 A CN202110369160 A CN 202110369160A CN 113084079 A CN113084079 A CN 113084079A
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- sand
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/20—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents
- B22C1/22—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/06—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sieving or magnetic separating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
Abstract
The invention discloses composite sand for engine casting, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composite sand is prepared by sieving and grading roasted reclaimed sand, wet reclaimed sand and special sand, and the final particle size distribution ranges from 50-70 meshes of 12-33%, 70-100 meshes of 38-52%, 100 meshes of 14-32% and 140 meshes of 4-18%. The invention selects the roasting reclaimed sand, the wet reclaimed sand and the special sand as the sand core materials, has uniform granularity distribution and dispersion degree, lower expansion coefficient, lower metal liquid wettability and higher refractoriness, solves the defects of sand sticking and vein during sintering of the engine cylinder body and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting materials for automobile engine cylinder bodies, in particular to engine casting composite sand and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The sintering sand sticking and the vein are one of the common defects of the casting, particularly the engine cylinder body has complicated geometric shape, the defects of the sintering and the vein of the inner cavity are serious, great difficulty is brought to the cleaning work, the large workload is still required for cleaning the sintering of the inner cavity after the processing, and certain potential safety hazard is brought to the quality of the engine if the cleaning is not thorough.
The sintered sand sticking or vein defects on the inner surface of the cylinder casting are mainly formed by the fact that high-temperature molten iron penetrates into the whole section of the sand core through deformation cracks on the surface of the sand core or gaps among sand grains under certain pressure. If the thermal expansion coefficient of the raw sand is higher, the refractoriness is lower, the wettability to molten metal is higher, and the granularity distribution are not effectively controlled, the sand sticking or vein defect is easily caused; therefore, the engine casting composite sand, and a preparation method and application thereof are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention aims to provide the engine casting composite sand which can reduce the defects of sintering sand-sticking and vein of the cylinder body of the automobile engine, can enable the surface of a casting to have higher smoothness and has the advantage of low cost, and the preparation method and the application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention comprises roasting reclaimed sand, wet reclaimed sand and special sand, and the sand is screened according to the weight ratio (3-5): (2-5): (2-5) and the particle size distribution ratio is 50-70 mesh 12% -33%, 70-100 mesh 38% -52%, 100-140 mesh 14% -32%, 140-200 mesh 4% -18%.
Further, the mesh numbers of the grading are 50 meshes, 70 meshes, 100 meshes and 140 meshes respectively.
Further, the preparation method of the wet reclaimed sand comprises the following steps:
SB1, carrying out magnetic separation and screening on the green mould waste sand;
SB2, after the wet former waste sand that will carry out the magnetic separation screening is selected the powder and is taken off the membrane, add and scrub the jar in and scrub, the mass ratio of wet former waste sand and water is 1: 0.5-1.0, and the scrubbing time is 20-50 minutes;
SB3, dehydrating the washed wet mould waste sand;
SB4, carrying out acid modification on the dehydrated wet-mould waste sand, wherein the acid is one or two combinations of an organic acid solution or an inorganic acid solution, and the mass ratio of the wet-mould waste sand to the acid solution is 1: 1-2, and the pickling time is 30-60 minutes; the acid solution is a mixture of an acidic substance and water, wherein the acid mass fraction is 3% -5%. And drying the sand green mould waste sand subjected to acid modification after the acid modification is finished to obtain a wet-process reclaimed sand finished product.
A preparation method of the engine casting composite sand comprises the following steps:
screening the roasted reclaimed sand, the wet reclaimed sand and the special sand respectively, wherein the meshes of the screens used for screening are 40 meshes, 50 meshes, 70 meshes, 100 meshes, 140 meshes and 200 meshes;
b, mixing three kinds of sand of 50 meshes to 70 meshes according to the mass fraction of the roasted reclaimed sand of 30 to 50 percent, the mass fraction of the wet reclaimed sand of 20 to 50 percent and the mass fraction of the special sand of 20 to 50 percent;
c, mixing three kinds of sand of 70-100 meshes according to the mass fraction of the roasted reclaimed sand of 30-50%, the mass fraction of the wet reclaimed sand of 20-50% and the mass fraction of the special sand of 20-50%;
d, mixing three kinds of sand with the grain size of 100-140 meshes according to the mass fraction of the roasting regenerated sand of 30-50%, the mass fraction of the wet regenerated sand of 20-50% and the mass fraction of the ceramic sand of 20-50%;
and E, grading the mixed sand according to the particle size distribution proportion of 12-33% of 50-70 meshes, 38-52% of 70-100 meshes, 14-32% of 100 meshes and 14-18% of 140 meshes and 4-18% of 140 meshes to obtain the engine casting composite sand.
The application of the engine casting composite sand in a core making process comprises the following steps:
SD1, taking 100 parts by weight of engine casting composite sand, 0.9-1.2 parts by weight of phenolic resin solution, 0.9-1.2 parts by weight of polyisocyanate solution and 1 part by weight of modified additive;
sequentially adding the modified additive and the engine casting composite sand into a sand mixer for 10-20 s by SD 2;
SD3, then adding a phenolic resin solution, mixing for 60-90 s, and finally adding a polyisocyanate solution, mixing for 60-90 s;
SD4, core shooting by a core shooter after mixing, extracting the coating from the mould after core shooting, pre-brushing the coating at the position easy to sinter, and finally, drying and combining to cast.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, three kinds of sand are graded, so that the granularity distribution and dispersion degree are proper, the gaps among sand particles are small on the premise of ensuring the air permeability, the molten metal is not easy to permeate, and the problem that the molten metal is easy to permeate due to over concentrated granularity distribution and large sand particle gaps is avoided;
2. the mixture of the calcined reclaimed sand, the wet reclaimed sand and the ceramic sand is matched, so that the composite sand cast by the engine has the advantages of low expansion coefficient, low metal liquid wettability and high refractoriness, the complementary advantages of three aspects are formed, the sand sticking defect in casting can be reduced, the special sand and the reclaimed sand calcined at high temperature have low thermal expansion coefficients, and the defects of sand inclusion, scabbing, vein and the like of a casting caused by volume expansion can be obviously reduced; the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite sand is reduced, and after the reclaimed sand is subjected to water scrubbing and acid modification for double impurity removal, the surface of the sand grain contains a bright carbon film, so that the wettability of molten metal can be reduced, the penetration of molten iron on the surface of a sand core is prevented, the quality of a finished casting product for core making is improved, and the surface of the casting product is smooth and has no bonded sand;
3. the composite sand contains the roasting reclaimed sand and the wet reclaimed sand which are recycled from waste foundry sand, and the cost is low.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
in the embodiment, the composite sand for casting the engine is prepared from roasting reclaimed sand, wet reclaimed sand and ceramic sand according to the mass ratio of 3: 2: 5, mixing; the particle size distribution is 50-70 mesh 20%, 70-100 mesh 52%, 100-. The core is made of 100 parts by mass of engine casting composite sand, 0.9 part by mass of phenolic resin solution, 0.9 part by mass of polyisocyanate solution and 1 part by mass of anti-vein agent.
A production process of engine casting composite sand comprises the following steps:
SC1, screening the roasted reclaimed sand, the wet reclaimed sand and the special sand sequentially through a screen respectively;
SC2, weighing the sieved sand according to the proportion, and conveying the sand into a buffer tank by a bucket elevator;
SC3, transporting the composite sand in the buffer tank to a sand mixer through a bucket elevator for mixing for 10-20 minutes;
SC4, packing the uniformly mixed composite sand to obtain the composite sand.
In this embodiment, the preparation of the calcined reclaimed sand includes the following steps:
SA1, adding the casting waste sand into a circumferential crusher for crushing;
SA2, adding the crushed foundry powder sand into a magnetic separator for screening; the screening strength of the screening machine is 12000 GS;
SA3, conveying the screened foundry waste sand to a roasting furnace through a belt conveyer; the casting waste sand is contacted with a combustion gun in a roasting furnace for roasting; the roasting temperature is 900 ℃;
SA4, and cooling the roasted sand by a cooling system to obtain thermal method reclaimed sand, namely roasted reclaimed sand, wherein the ignition loss after regeneration is 0.05%.
As an improvement on the technical scheme, the roasting regeneration sand is formed by regenerating cold core resin waste sand or hot method coated sand waste sand through a horizontal roasting furnace or a vertical roasting furnace, wherein the regeneration heating temperature of the cold core resin waste sand or the hot method coated sand waste sand in the horizontal roasting furnace or the vertical roasting furnace is 800-900 ℃, and the time is 2-5 hours; after the cold core resin waste sand or the hot method coated sand waste sand is regenerated, the ignition loss and the ignition loss of the cold core resin waste sand or the hot method coated sand waste sand are less than or equal to 0.2 percent, the mud content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, and the acid consumption value is less than or equal to 5ml/50 g.
In this embodiment, the preparation of the wet reclaimed sand includes the following steps:
SB1, adding the waste foundry sand for magnetic separation and screening;
SB2, conveying the sand subjected to magnetic separation and screening to a powder selecting and stripping machine;
SB3, scrubbing the sand after powder selection and demoulding in a scrubbing cylinder, wherein the ratio of sand to water is 1: 0.5, the scrubbing time is 50 minutes;
SB4, conveying the washed sand to a positive pressure dehydrator for dehydration;
s5, carrying out acid modification on the dehydrated sand; the acid modification is oxalic acid modification;
and S6, drying the acid modified sand to obtain the wet-process reclaimed sand.
As an improvement on the technical scheme, the wet-process reclaimed sand is obtained by scrubbing, modifying with oxalic acid, drying and dedusting the wet-process reclaimed sand; the burning decrement after the regeneration of the wet-method reclaimed sand is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, the mud content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, and the acid consumption value is less than or equal to 5ml/50 g.
Claims (5)
1. An engine casting compound sand is characterized in that: the composite sand for engine casting is prepared by screening calcined reclaimed sand, wet reclaimed sand and special sand according to the weight ratio of (3-5): (2-5): (2-5) and the particle size distribution proportion is 50-70 meshes 12-33%, 70-100 meshes 38-52%, 100 meshes 140 meshes 14-32%, 140 meshes 4-18%, and the special sand is one or more of the mixture of Baozhu sand, chromite sand, corundum sand and ceramic sand.
2. The engine foundry composite sand of claim 1, wherein the mesh sizes of the screen fractions are 50 mesh, 70 mesh, 100 mesh and 140 mesh, respectively.
3. The engine casting composite sand according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the wet reclaimed sand comprises the following steps:
SB1, removing iron impurities from the wet-mould waste sand by a magnetic separator, and then removing large-particle sand with the particle size of more than 0.2mm by using a linear vibrating screen;
SB2, selecting powder and demoulding the treated sand, and then conveying the sand into a scrubbing combined cylinder by using a sand pump for scrubbing, wherein the mass ratio of the sand to water is 1: 0.5-3, and the scrubbing time is 20-50 minutes;
SB3, dehydrating the washed sand, and then carrying out acid modification, wherein the mass ratio of the waste sand to the acid solution is 1: 1-2, standing for 30-60 minutes, rinsing, dehydrating, and drying to obtain wet-process reclaimed sand; the acid is one or more of organic acid or inorganic acid, and the acid solution is a mixture of an acidic substance and water, wherein the acid mass fraction is 3-5%.
4. The preparation method of the engine casting composite sand is characterized by comprising the following steps:
screening the roasted reclaimed sand, the wet reclaimed sand and the special sand respectively, wherein the meshes of the screens used for screening are 40 meshes, 50 meshes, 70 meshes, 100 meshes, 140 meshes and 200 meshes;
b, mixing three kinds of sand of 50 meshes to 70 meshes according to the mass fraction of the roasted reclaimed sand of 30 to 50 percent, the mass fraction of the wet reclaimed sand of 20 to 50 percent and the mass fraction of the special sand of 20 to 50 percent;
c, mixing three kinds of sand of 70-100 meshes according to the mass fraction of the roasted reclaimed sand of 30-50%, the mass fraction of the wet reclaimed sand of 20-50% and the mass fraction of the special sand of 20-50%;
d, mixing three kinds of 100-140-mesh sand according to the mass fraction of the roasted regenerated sand of 30-50%, the mass fraction of the wet regenerated sand of 20-50% and the mass fraction of the special sand of 20-50%;
and E, grading the mixed sand according to the particle size distribution proportion of 12-33% of 50-70 meshes, 38-52% of 70-100 meshes, 14-32% of 100 meshes and 14-18% of 140 meshes and 4-18% of 140 meshes to obtain the engine casting composite sand.
5. Use of the engine casting sand composite of any one of claims 1 to 3 in a core making process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110369160.3A CN113084079A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Engine casting composite sand, preparation method and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110369160.3A CN113084079A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Engine casting composite sand, preparation method and application |
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| CN113084079A true CN113084079A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
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| CN202110369160.3A Pending CN113084079A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Engine casting composite sand, preparation method and application |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114130947A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-04 | 通辽市仁创铸造材料有限公司 | Regeneration method of inorganic reclaimed sand |
| CN114562881A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-31 | 广西兰科资源再生利用有限公司 | Method for recycling casting waste sand based on vertical energy-saving roasting furnace |
| CN114562881B (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2024-04-26 | 广西兰科资源再生利用有限公司 | Method for recycling foundry waste sand based on vertical energy-saving roasting furnace |
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