CN113083233B - Preparation of carbon material based on reed and eutectic solvent and method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by using carbon material - Google Patents

Preparation of carbon material based on reed and eutectic solvent and method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by using carbon material Download PDF

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CN113083233B
CN113083233B CN202110569829.3A CN202110569829A CN113083233B CN 113083233 B CN113083233 B CN 113083233B CN 202110569829 A CN202110569829 A CN 202110569829A CN 113083233 B CN113083233 B CN 113083233B
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carbon material
wastewater
dye
eutectic solvent
iodine
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CN113083233A (en
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陈钰
卢艳红
段耀廷
魏磊
傅丽
李宇婷
张丽娟
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Langfang Normal University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
    • B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/006—Radioactive compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a carbon material based on reed and a eutectic solvent and efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater, wherein the eutectic solvent is a two-component eutectic formed by combining a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor, the eutectic solvent in the method consists of two components, wherein the component 1 is ethylene glycol, the component 2 is 1,8 diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene, and the molar ratio of the component 1 to the component 2 is 4: 1. The carbon material is prepared by mixing and burning reed and eutectic solvent according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, and the carbon material is used for adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater, wherein the adsorption temperature is 25-40 ℃, and the adsorption time is 1-8 hours. The invention provides a preparation method of a carbon material based on reed and a eutectic solvent and a method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by using the carbon material.

Description

Preparation of carbon material based on reed and eutectic solvent and method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by using carbon material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a carbon material based on reed and a eutectic solvent and a method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by using the carbon material, and belongs to the application of the carbon material in the field of wastewater treatment.
Background
Radioactive iodine (e.g., iodine-129) is one of the harmful components of nuclear wastewater and nuclear accidents, and has carcinogenicity. The nuclear accidents such as the Sanli island nuclear accident, the Chernobeli nuclear accident, the Fudao nuclear accident and the like all generate a large amount of nuclear waste water. The official decision of discharging nuclear waste water to the pacific on 13/4/2021 has led to an increasing concern about the disposal of nuclear waste water. Most dyes are composed of polyphenyl substituted compounds, are high in toxicity and difficult to degrade, are discharged into lakes and rivers due to improper treatment every year in the world, and bring certain threats to water sources on which people live while damaging the environment. Therefore, the preparation of a novel adsorbent for realizing the high-efficiency adsorption of iodine and dye in the wastewater has great significance.
Reed is the main plant growing on the white lake in the New area of Xiongan, and once is one of the income sources of local people. Due to economic transformation, local people are less and less in reed utilization, a large amount of reeds are not utilized and naturally decay to cause certain pollution to the quality of the white lake water, so the reeds become one of the main solid wastes in the male peaceful and new areas. The eutectic solvent is a two-component eutectic formed by combining a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor, has the advantages of low cost, high atom utilization rate, strong biodegradability, simple and convenient synthesis and the like, and is called as a green solvent in the 21 st century. Therefore, the preparation of the carbon material by using the reed and the eutectic solvent has important significance for green resource utilization of the reed solid waste, and can promote the synergistic development of Jingjin Ji and the construction of a new area of male peace.
The traditional method for treating iodine and dye in wastewater has the problems of high cost, low efficiency, complex operation and the like, and the invention provides a method for adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by using a novel carbon material prepared based on biomass reeds and eutectic solvents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a carbon material based on reeds and a deep eutectic solvent and a method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by using the carbon material, wherein the method is simple, convenient, low in cost and high in efficiency, and has important practical application values for wastewater treatment and resource utilization of reed solid waste.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a method for preparing a carbon material based on reed and a eutectic solvent and efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by the carbon material comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing a carbon material by using reed and a eutectic solvent;
2) Adsorbing iodine and dye in the wastewater by using a carbon material;
3) The absorbance was measured by spectrophotometry and the adsorption rate was calculated.
In the optimized method for preparing the carbon material based on the reed and the eutectic solvent and efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in the wastewater, in the step 1), the eutectic solvent is ethylene glycol: 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU) with the molar ratio of 4: 1.
Preferably, in the preparation of the carbon material based on the reeds and the eutectic solvent and the method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by using the carbon material, in the step 1), the reed raw material is reed powder which is naturally dried and crushed for multiple times.
Preferably, in the preparation of the carbon material based on the reed and the eutectic solvent and the method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater, in the step 1), the reed and the eutectic solvent are stirred and mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
Preferably, in the step 1), the mixture of the reed and the eutectic solvent is placed in a crucible and is placed in a muffle furnace to be burned for 2 hours at 500 ℃.
Preferably, in the preparation of the carbon material based on the reed and the eutectic solvent and the method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater, in the step 1), the carbon material is obtained after firing, and the carbon material is ground in a mortar and then stored in a reagent bottle for later use.
Preferably, in the step 2), the concentration of iodine in the aqueous solution for adsorbing iodine by using the carbon material is 7.92 millimoles per liter, and the concentration of dye in the dye aqueous solution is 10 micromoles per liter.
Preferably, in the preparation of the carbon material based on the reed and the eutectic solvent and the method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in the wastewater, in the step 2), the dye is any one of methylene blue, methyl orange and rhodamine B.
Preferably, in the step 2), the temperature change range of the carbon material for adsorbing iodine and dye in the wastewater is 25-40 ℃, and the adsorption time range is 1-8 hours.
Preferably, in the step 2), the mass range of the carbon material added is 0.10-0.20 g, and the volume range of the iodine aqueous solution or the dye aqueous solution added is 5-10 ml.
Preferably, in the preparation of the carbon material based on the reed and the eutectic solvent and the method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in the wastewater, in the step 3), the carbon material is immediately filtered by using a needle type filter after adsorption to obtain a filtrate.
Preferably, in step 3), a spectrophotometer is used to measure the absorbance of the original iodine aqueous solution and the absorbed iodine aqueous solution at a wavelength of 462 nm by using distilled water as a reference, the absorbance of the original methylene blue aqueous solution and the absorbed methylene blue aqueous solution at a wavelength of 662 nm by using distilled water as a reference, the absorbance of the original rhodamine B aqueous solution and the absorbed rhodamine B aqueous solution at a wavelength of 554 nm by using distilled water as a reference, and the absorbance of the original methyl orange aqueous solution and the absorbed methyl orange aqueous solution at a wavelength of 464 nm by using distilled water as a reference.
Preferably, in the preparation of the carbon material based on the reed and the eutectic solvent and the method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater, in the step 3), the adsorption rate is calculated according to the measured absorbance.
According to the technical scheme, the preparation of the carbon material based on the reeds and the eutectic solvent and the method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in the wastewater are provided, the defects of the prior art can be overcome, the cost is low, the adsorption is efficient, the operation is simple, and the method has important practical application value in wastewater treatment and resource utilization of reed solid waste.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a chemical structural formula of a component 1 (ethylene glycol) and a component 2 (DBU) of a eutectic solvent of the present application;
FIG. 2 is the chemical structural formula of the adsorbed methylene blue, methyl orange, rhodamine B of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of temperature, time, volume of solution, and mass of carbon material on the adsorption of iodine in wastewater;
FIG. 4 shows the adsorption effect of the carbon material on methylene blue, methyl orange and rhodamine B in wastewater.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Adding ethylene glycol DBU with the molar ratio of 4: 1 into a reagent bottle, stirring the mixture at 25 ℃ until the mixture is fully dissolved to generate a eutectic solvent ethylene glycol DBU (4: 1). The reed raw material is reed powder which is naturally dried and crushed for many times. Mixing reed and eutectic solvent according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, placing the mixture into a crucible and a muffle furnace, burning the mixture for 2 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain a carbon material, grinding the carbon material by using a mortar, and then placing the ground carbon material into a reagent bottle for storage. Weighing 0.15 g of carbon material, placing the carbon material at the bottom of a glass bottle, adding 5 ml of aqueous solution of iodine with the concentration of 7.92 mmol/l, placing the glass bottle into an oil bath kettle, stirring the glass bottle at 25 ℃ for 8 hours, filtering the glass bottle by using a needle filter after adsorption is finished, and measuring the absorbance of the filtrate by using a spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 462 nm. The adsorption rate of the carbon material to iodine in wastewater was 98.35% as measured by spectrophotometry (fig. 3).
Example 2
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the temperature is changed from 25 ℃ to 40 ℃, other conditions are not changed, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material on iodine in wastewater is 98.53 percent when the carbon material is adsorbed at 40 ℃ for 8 hours (fig. 3 a).
Example 3
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the time is changed from 8 hours to 1 hour, other conditions are not changed, the adsorption rate of the carbon material for adsorbing iodine in wastewater at 25 ℃ for 1 hour is 97.98% (fig. 3 b), and the adsorption rate of the carbon material prepared directly under the same conditions based on reed for adsorbing iodine in wastewater for 1 hour is only 89.90%.
Example 4
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the volume of the iodine aqueous solution is changed from 5 ml to 10 ml, other conditions are not changed, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material on iodine in the wastewater is 99.08% after the carbon material is adsorbed at 25 ℃ for 8 hours (fig. 3 c).
Example 5
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the mass of the carbon material is changed from 0.15 g to 0.10 g, other conditions are not changed, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material to iodine in wastewater is 97.80% after adsorption for 8 hours at 25 ℃ (fig. 3 d).
Example 6
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the mass of the carbon material is changed from 0.15 g to 0.20 g, other conditions are not changed, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material to iodine in wastewater is 98.71% after adsorption for 8 hours at 25 ℃ (fig. 3 d).
Example 7
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the aqueous solution of iodine is changed into 10 micromole per liter of rhodamine B aqueous solution, the wavelength is changed from 462 nanometers to 554 nanometers, other conditions are not changed, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material on rhodamine B in wastewater is 99.36 percent when the carbon material is adsorbed at 25 ℃ for 8 hours (figure 4).
Example 8
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the iodine aqueous solution is changed into 10 micromole per liter of methylene blue aqueous solution, the wavelength is changed from 462 nanometers to 662 nanometers, other conditions are not changed, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material on methylene blue in wastewater is 99.40 percent when the carbon material is adsorbed at 25 ℃ for 8 hours (fig. 4).
Example 9
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the iodine aqueous solution is changed into a methyl orange aqueous solution of 10 micromole per liter, the wavelength is changed from 462 nm to 464 nm, other conditions are not changed, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material on methyl orange in wastewater is 96.99 percent when the carbon material is adsorbed at 25 ℃ for 8 hours (fig. 4).
Example 10
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the aqueous solution of iodine is changed into 10 micromole per liter of rhodamine B aqueous solution, the wavelength is changed from 462 nanometers to 554 nanometers, other conditions are not changed, the adsorption rate of the carbon material to rhodamine B in wastewater is 99.28% when the carbon material is adsorbed at 25 ℃ for 1 hour, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material directly prepared under the same conditions based on reed to rhodamine B in wastewater for 1 hour is only 88.85%.
Example 11
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the aqueous solution of iodine is changed into 10 micromole per liter of methylene blue aqueous solution, the wavelength is changed from 462 nm to 662 nm, other conditions are not changed, the adsorption rate of the carbon material to the methylene blue in the wastewater is 99.49% when the carbon material is adsorbed at 25 ℃ for 1 hour, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material prepared directly under the same conditions based on reed to the methylene blue in the wastewater is only 87.67% when the carbon material is adsorbed for 1 hour.
Example 12
The specific implementation process is the same as that of example 1, the iodine aqueous solution is changed into a methyl orange aqueous solution with the concentration of 10 micromole per liter, the wavelength is changed from 462 nm to 464 nm, other conditions are not changed, the adsorption rate of the carbon material for adsorbing methyl orange in wastewater for 1 hour at 25 ℃ is 97.71%, and the adsorption rate of the carbon material directly prepared under the same conditions based on reed for adsorbing methyl orange in wastewater for 1 hour is only 91.98%.

Claims (2)

1. A preparation method of a carbon material based on reeds and a eutectic solvent is characterized in that the carbon material is prepared by taking the reeds and the eutectic solvent as raw materials, the carbon material is used as an adsorbent to adsorb iodine and dye in wastewater, the eutectic solvent is composed of a component 1 and a component 2, wherein the component 1 is ethylene glycol, the component 2 is 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU), the dye comprises methylene blue, methyl orange and rhodamine B, the molar ratio of ethylene glycol to DBU in the eutectic solvent is 4: 1, the raw material for preparing the carbon material is prepared by mixing the reeds and the eutectic solvent according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, the reeds are reed powder which is naturally dried and crushed for many times, the mixture of the reeds and the eutectic solvent is placed in a crucible and is placed in a muffle furnace to be burned at 500 ℃ for 2 hours, and the carbon material is obtained after burning.
2. The method for efficiently adsorbing iodine and dye in wastewater by using the carbon material obtained by the preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the iodine and dye in wastewater are adsorbed by using the carbon material, the dye is any one of methylene blue, methyl orange and rhodamine B, the mass range of the carbon material is 0.10-0.20 g, the concentration of an aqueous solution of iodine to be adsorbed is 7.92 mmol/L, the concentration of an aqueous solution of the dye is 10 micromol/L, the adsorption temperature is 25-40 ℃, and the adsorption time is 1-8 hours.
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