CN113078843B - Friction nanometer generator based on folded structure MXene film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Friction nanometer generator based on folded structure MXene film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a friction nano generator based on a folded structure MXene film, which comprises the following steps: uniformly coating slurry A containing single-layer MXene on the surface of a stretched elastic substrate, releasing tension applied to the elastic substrate after drying to obtain the elastic substrate with the MXene film of a wrinkled structure covered on the surface, and finally leading out an electrode on the MXene film to obtain a friction nano-generator; the prepared friction nano-generator comprises an elastic substrate; the surface of the elastic substrate is covered with MXene film with a fold structure. The preparation method of the friction nano generator is simple and easy to realize industrial production; the prepared friction generator has high output power and good stretchability, and can be well applied to the field of energy sources and self-powered sensing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel energy devices, and relates to a friction nano generator based on a folded structure MXene film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can convert mechanical energy of human body motion into electric energy, and thus are widely applied to wearable device energy sources and self-powered pressure/touch sensors. In order to improve the conversion rate of the capacity and enhance the sensitivity of the device, it is important to select a material with high triboelectric performance. Two-dimensional carbide MXene (titanium carbide Ti) 3 C 2 T x Wherein, T x Representing surface functional groups such as-O, -OH and-F) is a conductive material, has strong electron-withdrawing capability in the friction process due to the rich fluorine groups on the surface, and is very suitable for being applied to a friction nano generator.
There are many related studies in the prior art, such as literature 1(Ultra-stretchable triboelectric nan)The generants as high-sensitive and self-powered electronic screens for Energy harnessing and tissue sensing. Nano Energy 2020,70.) disclose a linear stretch of 200% based on a multilayer reduced graphene oxide/silver nanowires/thermoplastic polyurethane material with a maximum output of only 0.6. mu.W/cm 2 (ii) a Document 2(a multifunctionality and high flexibility perforated graphene based on MXene-enabled porous film integrated with laser-induced graphene electrode. nano Energy 2019,66.) discloses that the linear stretch ratio of MXene and PDMS porous films is 34%; in document 3(Flexible and rigid dual mode for rehabilitating and information interaction. journal of Materials Chemistry B2020, 8(16), 3647-; in reference 4(high stretch strand and transfer triple bonded strand for selected-powered flexible sensor. Nano Energy 2020,78,8.), it is disclosed that the linear elongation of MXene-AgNWs-Mxene polyurethane nanofibers is 180%; document 4(a multi functional TENG yarn integrated into an textured for building integrated into an electrical property. nano Energy 2020,74.) the MXene wire draw ratio was 100%.
There are many studies to improve the surface elongation, such as literature 5 (weak and robust triboelectric nanogenerator based on corrugated gold films. nano Energy 2018,46,73-80.) which discloses that the surface elongation of the wrinkled gold film is 300%; document 6 (biomedical MXene Textures with Enhanced Light-to-Heat Conversion for Solar Steel Generation and Wearable Thermal management advanced Energy Materials 2019,9 (34)) discloses that the MXene nanocoating film areal stretch on PS substrates is 800%; the drawing rate of the wrinkled graphene oxide nano-membrane surface is disclosed to be 200% in document 7 (week and Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on shredded nano-fibrous membranes. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2019,11(13),12452 and 12459); in document 8 (organic electrodes for high power density for road and renewable Energy harnessing. Nano Energy 2020,78,10.), it is disclosed that the elongation of the PDMS-coated organic gel surface is 384%.
In summary, the linear stretching ratio of the friction nano generator in the prior art is 200% at most, the surface stretching ratio is 800% at most, and the defect that the stretching ratio is still insufficient exists, which affects the sensitivity of the touch sensor based on the stretching material, and limits the application of the touch sensor based on the friction nano generator in the multifunctional scene.
Therefore, it is very important to develop a friction nano generator with good tensile property and good output performance in a tensile interval.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a friction nano-generator based on a folded structure MXene film. In order to improve the conversion efficiency and the sensing sensitivity of the device, the MXene film with the folded structure is constructed by a simple method, and the single-electrode mode friction nano-generator is prepared by using the MXene film. Due to the ingenious design of the corrugated structure, the energy conversion efficiency (high energy conversion efficiency, namely large output power) of the friction nano generator is improved, and the friction nano generator is endowed with great stretchability. These excellent properties are advantageous for their wide application in wearable applications.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a triboelectric nanogenerator comprising an elastomeric substrate; the surface of the elastic substrate is covered with an MXene film with a fold structure; and an electrode is led out from the MXene film.
As a preferred technical scheme:
the friction nano-generator comprises a single layer of MXene, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T X Wherein x represents the number of functional groups (since there is no detailed number of functional groups on the sheet, x represents an unknown number of functional groups), and T is — OH, ═ O, or-F (surface functional group).
In the friction nano-generator, the surface stretching degree (also called as the wrinkling degree) of the MXene film with the wrinkled structure is 920-1141%, and the linear stretching degree (also called as the uniaxial stretching degree) is more than 500%.
The formula for the degree of face stretch (also called the degree of wrinkling) calculates: degree of surface stretching (A) s -A 0 )/A 0 X is 100%; wherein As is the area of application on the surface of the elastic substrate, A 0 To release the tension applied to the elastic substrate, the coated area of the elastic substrate.
Degree of linear stretching ═ L s -L 0 )/L 0 X 100%, wherein L 0 Is the original length of the MXene film, and Ls is the length of the MXene film in a uniaxially stretched state.
In the friction nano-generator, the thickness of the MXene film is 568 to 580 μm, preferably 568 to 573 μm.
According to the friction nano-generator, the surface tension rate of the elastic substrate is 100% -1500% (such as a latex balloon), and the size is (0.5-4) cm multiplied by (0.5-4) cm; the electrode is a copper wire.
The friction nano-generator is a single-electrode friction nano-generator; the output power of the friction nano generator when not stretched is 0.18 mu W/cm 2 ～0.28μW/cm 2 。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the friction nano-generator, which comprises the steps of uniformly coating the slurry A containing single-layer MXene on the surface of the stretched elastic substrate, releasing the tension applied to the elastic substrate after drying to obtain the elastic substrate with the MXene film of which the surface is covered with a wrinkled structure, and finally leading out an electrode on the MXene film to obtain the friction nano-generator.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the preparation method of the friction nano-generator, the concentration of MXene in a single layer in the slurry A is 11 mg/mL-15.5 mg/mL, and preferably 13.6 mg/mL-15.5 mg/mL.
The preparation method of the friction nano-generator comprises the step of coating the elastic substrateThe coating amount per unit area of the slurry A was 0.38mg/cm 2 ～0.45mg/cm 2 The drying time is 3 to 5 hours, preferably 3 to 4.5 hours.
The preparation method of the friction nano-generator comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the MAX phase into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution X; in the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, the volume ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the hydrofluoric acid is 6: 1; in the solution X, the mass volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1: 12;
the MAX phase is a novel machinable ceramic material, which is widely used due to its unique nano-layered crystal structure and metal conductivity, and is a commercial product (400 mesh, 99.9% purity) from 11 technologies, Inc., Jilin province.
(2) Adding deionized water serving as a dispersing solvent into the solution X, and centrifuging for a plurality of times to obtain a solution Z; after each centrifugation, removing residual hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid which are not completely reacted in the solution X, and Al elements generated by etching MAX phase by the hydrochloric acid and the hydrofluoric acid; the number of times in the step (2) is 2-3, the centrifugation speed of each time is 3500r/min, the centrifugation time of each time is 3-5 min, and the deionized water added each time is 50-70 mL;
(3) firstly, adding lithium chloride into the solution Z, uniformly mixing (aiming at intercalation), then carrying out centrifugation for a plurality of times, and taking the upper layer black-green solution after the centrifugation is finished, namely the slurry A containing the single-layer MXene.
And (3) centrifuging for 4-5 times in the step (3), wherein the centrifugation speed of each time is 3500r/min, the centrifugation time of each time is 3-5 min, and adding lithium chloride once after the step (2) is finished, wherein the mass ratio of the addition amount of the lithium chloride to the addition amount of the MAX phase is 1: 1. The purpose of each centrifugation is to remove residual lithium chloride that has not reacted to completion and some of the impurities generated during the above reaction.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the MXene film with the folded structure is made into the friction nano generator in the single electrode mode, so that the friction nano generator can convert mechanical energy generated when fingers or other objects contact the friction nano generator into electric energy by utilizing the coupling effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction under the contact of the fingers or other objects.
Because the MXene phase has excellent metal conductivity and high electronegativity caused by the surface containing-F-O functional groups, and the triboelectronegativity of the MXene phase is similar to that of common negative triboelectric material polytetrafluoroethylene, the MXene slurry with high electronegativity is coated on a pre-stretched elastic substrate to manufacture the MXene film based on the fold structure, on one hand, the MXene exists and the fold structure to act together, so that the friction nano generator has stronger electronegativity and larger friction contact area, the induced charge amount is increased, the output power is improved, compared with the friction nano generator based on the MXene flat film structure, the output power of the friction nano generator with the fold structure is improved by 16 times, and the larger output performance can correspondingly improve the sensing sensitivity of devices. On the other hand, due to the pre-stretching folded structure, the friction nano generator has higher stretching rate, the surface stretching rate reaches 1141 percent, the linear stretching rate can reach 500 percent, the output performance is gradually improved along with the increase of the stretching degree, and the friction nano generator can be well applied to the energy field and self-powered sensing.
Advantageous effects
(1) The preparation method of the friction nano generator is simple and easy to realize industrial production;
(2) on one hand, the friction nano generator with the MXene film with the folded structure has excellent electrical output stability and can effectively collect neglected mechanical energy generated by daily activities of people; on the other hand, the wearable triboelectric nano-generator can effectively replace other micro energy devices due to the stretchability. Due to the ingenious design of the fold structure, the maximum linear stretching rate of the device can reach 500 percent, and the maximum output power of the device is 4 times higher than that of the device with a planar structure and reaches 0.28 mu W cm -2 ；
(3) The invention can collect low-frequency mechanical energy of human body movement and convert the low-frequency mechanical energy into electric energy in the field of energy collection and self-powered sensing. The obtained single-electrode device can directly light an LCD screen or charge a commercial capacitor and is applied to a self-powered wireless pressure sensing system. As a wearable green energy source and a self-powered sensing device, the invention has a huge application market.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the structure of the single-electrode friction nano-generator composed of MXene film in example 1 is schematically shown;
FIG. 2: scanning electron microscope pictures of wrinkled structure MXene film in example 1;
FIG. 3: short-circuit current schematic diagram of MXene film high performance friction nano-generator in example 1;
FIG. 4: the schematic diagram of lighting up the LCD screen and charging the capacitors with different capacities in the embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The MAX phase described in the examples is a commercial product (400 mesh, 99.9% purity) from 11 technologies, Inc. of Jilin province.
Example 1
A preparation method of a friction nano generator comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding the MAX phase into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution X; the mass volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1: 12; adding deionized water serving as a dispersing solvent into the solution X for 2 times of centrifugation to obtain a solution Z; the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, the centrifugation time is 3min each time, and the volume of deionized water added each time is 50 mL; then adding lithium chloride into the solution Z, uniformly mixing, and centrifuging for 4 times at a speed of 3500r/min each timeCentrifuging for 3 min; the mass ratio of the addition amount of lithium chloride to the addition amount of the MAX phase is 1: 1; after the centrifugation is finished, taking the upper layer of black-green solution to obtain slurry A containing single-layer MXene, wherein the concentration of the single-layer MXene in the slurry A is 15.5mg/mL, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T X Wherein x represents the number of functional groups and T is-OH;
(2) uniformly coating slurry A containing single layer of MXene on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, wherein the coating amount per unit area is 0.45mg/cm 2 Then drying for 3h, and releasing the tension applied to the latex balloon to obtain the latex balloon with the MXene film of the wrinkled structure on the surface;
(3) and leading out an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film to obtain the friction nano generator.
The prepared friction nano generator is a single-electrode friction nano generator and comprises a latex balloon with the surface stretch rate of 1141 percent; the surface of the latex balloon is covered with an MXene film with a fold structure; an electrode (copper wire) is led out from the MXene film; the MXene film consists of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 568 mu m; the MXene film with a wrinkled structure has the surface stretching degree of 1141 percent and the line stretching degree of 520 percent; when not stretched, the output power of the friction nano generator is 0.28 mu W/cm 2 。
The single-electrode lower friction nano-generator is shown in figure 1; as the MXene film has a folded structure, the friction nano-generator formed by the MXene film has stronger electronegativity and ultrahigh specific surface area, and a scanning electron microscope of the folded MXene film is shown in FIG. 2; at a frequency of 2H and a size of 10N Z Under the action of the external force, the short-circuit current output by the external force sensor is 2.74 muA, as shown in figure 3; besides, the device can supply power for LCD and charge commercial capacitors with different capacities, and the circuit design is shown in FIG. 4a, wherein i is a power generation part, namely the single-electrode friction nano-generator prepared by the invention; ii, the device directly supplies power to the LCD, and lights the character SUES mark; iii, converting the alternating current output signal into a direct current signal by using a bridge rectifier; iv is the direct current signal used to charge the capacitor after rectification. While in the charging curve shown in figure 4b,TENG can charge a 1 μ F capacitor from 0V to 2.0V within 100 s; in addition, through finger single electrode TENG, still can be with pressing the signal and passing through wireless transmission to cell-phone terminal, it is thus visible, TENG can not only directly light the LCD screen, for the electric capacity charges, has good charging performance and better output performance, still can change outside mechanical energy into visual signal of telecommunication through wireless transmission, also has extensive application prospect in intelligent wireless transmission.
Example 2
A preparation method of a friction nano generator comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding the MAX phase into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution X; the mass-to-volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1: 12; adding deionized water serving as a dispersing solvent into the solution X for 2 times of centrifugation to obtain a solution Z; the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, the centrifugation time is 3min each time, and the volume of deionized water added each time is 55 mL; then adding lithium chloride into the solution Z, uniformly mixing, and then centrifuging for 4 times, wherein the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, and the centrifugation time is 3min each time; the mass ratio of the addition amount of lithium chloride to the addition amount of the MAX phase is 1: 1; after the centrifugation is finished, taking the upper layer of black-green solution to obtain slurry A containing single-layer MXene, wherein the concentration of the single-layer MXene in the slurry A is 11.6mg/mL, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T X Wherein x represents the number of functional groups, T is ═ O;
(2) uniformly coating slurry A containing single layer of MXene on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, wherein the coating amount per unit area is 0.39mg/cm 2 Then drying for 3h, and releasing the tension applied to the latex balloon to obtain the latex balloon with the MXene film of the wrinkled structure on the surface;
(3) and leading out an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film to obtain the friction nano generator.
The prepared friction nano generator is a single-electrode friction nano generator and comprises a latex balloon with the surface stretch rate of 1500%; the surface of the latex balloon is covered with an MXene film with a fold structure; MXene, leading out electrodes (copper wires) on the film; the MXene film consists of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 570 mu m; the MXene film with a folded structure has the surface stretching degree of 1100% and the linear stretching degree of 518%; when not stretched, the output power of the friction nano generator is 0.26 mu W/cm 2 。
Example 3
A preparation method of a friction nano generator comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding the MAX phase into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution X; the mass-to-volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1: 12; adding deionized water serving as a dispersing solvent into the solution X for 2 times of centrifugation to obtain a solution Z; the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, the centrifugation time is 4min each time, and the volume of deionized water added each time is 55 mL; then adding lithium chloride into the solution Z, uniformly mixing, and centrifuging for 4 times, wherein the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, and the centrifugation time is 3min each time; the mass ratio of the addition amount of lithium chloride to the addition amount of the MAX phase is 1: 1; after the centrifugation is finished, taking the upper layer of black-green solution to obtain slurry A containing single-layer MXene, wherein the concentration of the single-layer MXene in the slurry A is 12.3mg/mL, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T X Wherein x represents the number of functional groups and T is-F;
(2) uniformly coating slurry A containing single layer of MXene on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, wherein the coating amount per unit area is 0.4mg/cm 2 Then drying for 3h, and releasing the tension applied to the latex balloon to obtain the latex balloon with the MXene film of the wrinkled structure on the surface;
(3) and leading out an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film to obtain the friction nano generator.
The prepared friction nano generator is a single-electrode friction nano generator and comprises a latex balloon with the surface stretch rate of 1300 percent; the surface of the latex balloon is covered with an MXene film with a fold structure; electrodes (copper wires) are led out of the MXene film; the MXene film consists of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 572 μm; face stretch of MXene film in wrinkled configurationDegree of 1000%, degree of wire stretch 516%; when not stretched, the output power of the friction nano generator is 0.23 mu W/cm 2 。
Example 4
A preparation method of a friction nano generator comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding the MAX phase into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution X; the mass-to-volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1: 12; adding deionized water serving as a dispersing solvent into the solution X for centrifuging for 3 times to obtain a solution Z; the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, the centrifugation time is 4min each time, and the volume of deionized water added each time is 60 mL; then adding lithium chloride into the solution Z, uniformly mixing, and centrifuging for 4 times, wherein the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, and the centrifugation time is 4min each time; the mass ratio of the addition amount of lithium chloride to the addition amount of the MAX phase is 1: 1; after the centrifugation is finished, taking the upper layer of black-green solution to obtain slurry A containing single-layer MXene, wherein the concentration of the single-layer MXene in the slurry A is 13.2mg/mL, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T X Wherein x represents the number of functional groups and T is-OH;
(2) uniformly coating slurry A containing single layer of MXene on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, wherein the coating amount per unit area is 0.41mg/cm 2 Then drying for 4h, and releasing the tension applied to the latex balloon to obtain the latex balloon with the MXene film of the wrinkled structure on the surface;
(3) and leading out an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film to obtain the friction nano generator.
The prepared friction nano generator is a single-electrode friction nano generator and comprises a latex balloon with the surface stretch rate of 1200%; the surface of the latex balloon is covered with an MXene film with a fold structure; an electrode (copper wire) is led out from the MXene film; the MXene film consists of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 574 μm; the MXene film with a folded structure has the surface stretching degree of 980 percent and the linear stretching degree of 514 percent; when not stretched, the output power of the friction nano generator is 0.22 mu W/cm 2 。
Example 5
A preparation method of a friction nano generator comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding the MAX phase into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution X; the mass-to-volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1: 12; adding deionized water serving as a dispersing solvent into the solution X for centrifuging for 3 times to obtain a solution Z; the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, the centrifugation time is 4min each time, and the volume of deionized water added each time is 65 mL; then adding lithium chloride into the solution Z, uniformly mixing, and centrifuging for 5 times, wherein the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, and the centrifugation time is 4min each time; the mass ratio of the addition amount of lithium chloride to the addition amount of the MAX phase is 1: 1; after the centrifugation is finished, taking the upper layer of black-green solution to obtain slurry A containing single-layer MXene, wherein the concentration of the single-layer MXene in the slurry A is 14.1mg/mL, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T X Wherein x represents the number of functional groups, T is ═ O;
(2) uniformly coating slurry A containing single layer of MXene on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, wherein the coating amount per unit area is 0.42mg/cm 2 Then drying for 4h, and releasing the tension applied to the latex balloon to obtain the latex balloon with the MXene film of the wrinkled structure on the surface;
(3) and leading out an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film to obtain the friction nano generator.
The prepared friction nano generator is a single-electrode friction nano generator and comprises a latex balloon with the surface tension rate of 1000%; MXene film with a fold structure is covered on the surface of the latex balloon; an electrode (copper wire) is led out from the MXene film; the MXene film consists of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 576 mu m; the surface stretching degree of the MXene film with the folded structure is 960 percent, and the linear stretching degree is 512 percent; when not stretched, the output power of the friction nano generator is 0.21 mu W/cm 2 。
Example 6
A preparation method of a friction nano generator comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding the MAX phase into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution X; the mass-to-volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1: 12; adding deionized water serving as a dispersing solvent into the solution X for centrifuging for 3 times to obtain a solution Z; the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, the centrifugation time is 5min each time, and the volume of deionized water added each time is 65 mL; then adding lithium chloride into the solution Z, uniformly mixing, and centrifuging for 5 times, wherein the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, and the centrifugation time is 5min each time; the mass ratio of the addition amount of lithium chloride to the addition amount of the MAX phase is 1: 1; after the centrifugation is finished, taking the upper layer of black-green solution to obtain slurry A containing single-layer MXene, wherein the concentration of the single-layer MXene in the slurry A is 14.8mg/mL, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T X Wherein x represents the number of functional groups and T is-F;
(2) uniformly coating slurry A containing single layer of MXene on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, wherein the coating amount per unit area is 0.43mg/cm 2 Then drying for 5h, and releasing the tension applied to the latex balloon to obtain the latex balloon with the MXene film of the wrinkled structure on the surface;
(3) and leading out an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film to obtain the friction nano generator.
The prepared friction nano generator is a single-electrode friction nano generator and comprises a latex balloon with the surface stretching rate of 980%; the surface of the latex balloon is covered with an MXene film with a fold structure; an electrode (copper wire) is led out from the MXene film; the MXene film consists of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 578 μm; the surface stretching degree of the MXene film with the folded structure is 940%, and the linear stretching degree is 510%; when not stretched, the output power of the friction nano generator is 0.2 mu W/cm 2 。
Example 7
A preparation method of a friction nano generator comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding the MAX phase into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution X; MAX AND-ANDThe mass-volume ratio of the mixed solution is 1: 12; adding deionized water serving as a dispersing solvent into the solution X for centrifuging for 3 times to obtain a solution Z; the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, the centrifugation time is 5min each time, and the volume of deionized water added each time is 70 mL; then adding lithium chloride into the solution Z, uniformly mixing, and centrifuging for 5 times, wherein the centrifugation speed is 3500r/min each time, and the centrifugation time is 5min each time; the mass ratio of the addition amount of lithium chloride to the addition amount of the MAX phase is 1: 1; after the centrifugation is finished, taking the upper layer of black-green solution to obtain slurry A containing single-layer MXene, wherein the concentration of the single-layer MXene in the slurry A is 11mg/mL, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T X Wherein x represents the number of functional groups and T is-OH;
(2) uniformly coating slurry A containing single layer of MXene on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, wherein the coating amount per unit area is 0.38mg/cm 2 Then drying for 5h, and releasing the tension applied to the latex balloon to obtain the latex balloon with the MXene film of the wrinkled structure on the surface;
(3) and leading out an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film to obtain the friction nano generator.
The prepared friction nano generator is a single-electrode friction nano generator and comprises a latex balloon with the surface stretch rate of 940 percent; the surface of the latex balloon is covered with an MXene film with a fold structure; an electrode (copper wire) is led out from the MXene film; the MXene film consists of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 580 μm; the surface stretching degree of the MXene film with the folded structure is 920%, and the line stretching degree is 500%; when not stretched, the output power of the friction nano generator is 0.18 mu W/cm 2 。
Claims (8)
1. A friction nanometer generator is characterized in that: comprises an elastic substrate; the surface of the elastic substrate is covered with an MXene film with a fold structure; an electrode is led out from the MXene film; the MXene film consists of a single layer of MXene, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T X Wherein, T is-OH, = O or-F, and x represents the number of functional groups; the fold structureThe surface stretching degree of the MXene film is 920-1141%, and the line stretching degree is more than 500%.
2. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the MXene film is 568 to 580 μm.
3. The triboelectric nanogenerator of claim 2, wherein the elastic substrate has a face stretch of 100% to 1500%; the electrode is a copper wire.
4. The triboelectric nanogenerator of claim 3, wherein the triboelectric nanogenerator is a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator; the output power of the friction nano generator when not stretched is 0.18 mu W/cm 2 ~0.28μW/cm 2 。
5. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: uniformly coating slurry A containing single-layer MXene on the surface of a stretched elastic substrate, releasing tension applied to the elastic substrate after drying to obtain the elastic substrate with the MXene film of a wrinkled structure covered on the surface, and finally leading out an electrode on the MXene film to obtain the friction nano generator.
6. The method for preparing a friction nanogenerator according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of MXene in a single layer in the slurry A is 11 mg/mL-15.5 mg/mL.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the coating amount of the slurry A per unit area on the elastic substrate is 0.38mg/cm when coating 2 ~0.45mg/cm 2 And the drying time is 3-5 h.
8. The method for preparing a friction nanogenerator according to claim 5, wherein the slurry A containing single layer of MXene is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding the MAX phase into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution X;
(2) adding deionized water serving as a dispersing solvent into the solution X, and centrifuging for a plurality of times to obtain a solution Z;
(3) and (3) adding lithium chloride into the solution Z, uniformly mixing, centrifuging for several times, and taking the upper black green solution after the centrifugation is finished, namely the slurry A containing the single-layer MXene.
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