CN113078843B - Friction nanometer generator based on folded structure MXene film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator based on a wrinkled structure MXene film. The preparation method of the triboelectric nanogenerator is as follows: firstly, a slurry A containing a single layer of MXene is evenly spread on the surface of a stretched elastic substrate After drying, the tension applied to the elastic substrate is released to obtain the elastic substrate of the MXene film with the wrinkled structure on the surface, and finally the electrodes are drawn out on the MXene film to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator; the prepared triboelectric nanogenerator includes the elastic substrate ; The surface of the elastic substrate is covered with an MXene film with a wrinkled structure. The preparation method of the triboelectric nanogenerator of the invention has the advantages of simple preparation method and easy realization of industrialized production; the prepared triboelectric generator has large output power and good stretchability, and can be well applied to the energy field and self-powered transmission. sense.

Description

Triboelectric nanogenerator based on wrinkled MXene film and its preparation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of novel energy devices, and relates to a triboelectric nanogenerator based on a wrinkled structure MXene film and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can convert the mechanical energy of human motion into electrical energy, so they are widely used in wearable device energy and self-powered pressure/touch sensors. In order to improve the energy conversion rate and enhance the device sensitivity, it is particularly important to select materials with high triboelectric properties. Two-dimensional carbide MXene (titanium carbide Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x , where T _x represents surface functional groups such as -O, -OH, and -F) is a class of conductive materials, which, due to the rich fluorine groups on the surface, are highly resistant to friction. It has a strong electron-absorbing ability in the process, which is very suitable for application in triboelectric nanogenerators.

There are many related researches in the prior art, such as document 1 (Ultra-stretchable triboelectricnanogenerator as high-sensitive and self-powered electronic skins for energyharvesting and tactile sensing. Nano Energy 2020, 70.) discloses based on multilayer reduced graphite oxide The linear elongation rate of ene/silver nanowire/thermoplastic polyurethane material is 200%, and the maximum output power is only 0.6μW/cm ² ; Literature 2 (A multifunctional and highly flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on MXene-enabled porous film integrated with laser- Induced grapheneelectrode. Nano Energy 2019, 66.) disclosed that the stretch rate of MXene and PDMS porous membrane was 34%; Literature 3 (Flexible and stretchable dual mode nanogenerator for rehabilitation monitoring and information interaction. Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2020, 8 ( 16), 3647-3654.) discloses that the stretch rate of polyvinylidene fluoride tape and silicone wire is 33.3%; Document 4 (Highly stretchable and transparent triboelectric nanogenerator based on multilayerstructured stable electrode for self-powered wearable sensor. Nano Energy 2020, 78 , 8.) discloses that the elongation rate of MXene-AgNWs-Mxene polyurethane nanofiber wire is 180%; Document 4 (Amultifunctional TENG yarn integrated into agrotextile for buildingintelligent agriculture. Nano Energy 2020, 74.) The elongation rate of MXene conductive wire is 180%. 100%.

There are also many studies to improve the surface stretch rate in the prior art, such as the paper 5 (Wearable and robusttriboelectric nanogenerator based on crumpled gold films. Nano Energy 2018, 46, 73-80.) The surface stretching of wrinkled gold films is disclosed The rate is 300%; document 6 (Biomimetic MXene Textures with Enhanced Light-to-Heat Conversion for Solar Steam Generation and Wearable Thermal Management. Advanced Energy Materials 2019, 9 (34).) discloses MXene nano-coating film surface on PS substrate The elongation ratio is 800%; the elongation ratio of the wrinkled graphene oxide nanomembrane surface is disclosed in document 7 (Wearable and Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Crumpled Nanofibrous Membranes. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2019, 11(13), 12452-12459.) ; Document 8 (Organogel electrode enables highly transparent and stretchable triboelectric nanogenerators of high power density for robust and reliable energy harvesting. Nano Energy 2020, 78, 10.) discloses that the stretch rate of the PDMS-wrapped organogel surface is 384%.

To sum up, the linear stretch rate of the triboelectric nanogenerator in the prior art is up to 200%, and the maximum surface stretch rate is 800%, which has the disadvantage that the stretch rate is still insufficient. The sensitivity of the sensor has an impact, limiting the application of triboelectric nanogenerator-based tactile sensors in multifunctional scenarios.

Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a triboelectric nanogenerator with good tensile properties and good output performance in the stretchable range.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator based on a wrinkled structure MXene film. In order to improve the conversion efficiency and sensing sensitivity of the device, the present invention adopts a simple method to construct a wrinkled structure MXene film, and uses the film to prepare a single-electrode mode triboelectric nanogenerator. The clever design of the wrinkled structure not only improves the energy conversion efficiency of the triboelectric nanogenerator (high energy conversion efficiency means high output power), but also gives it great stretchability. These excellent properties are beneficial to its wide application in the wearable field.

For achieving the above object, the scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

A triboelectric nanogenerator comprises an elastic substrate; the surface of the elastic substrate is covered with an MXene film with a wrinkled structure; and an electrode is drawn on the MXene film.

As the preferred technical solution:

A triboelectric nanogenerator as described above, the MXene film is composed of a single layer of MXene, and the molecular formula of the MXene is Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X , where x represents the number of functional groups (because the number of functional groups on the sheet is not detailed. number, so use x to represent the unknown number of functional groups), and T is -OH, =O, or -F (surface functional groups).

A triboelectric nanogenerator as described above, the surface stretch degree (also referred to as the wrinkle degree) of the MXene film with the wrinkled structure is 920% to 1141%, and the linear stretch degree (also referred to as the uniaxial stretch degree) is 920% to 1141%. ) is 500% or more.

The formula calculation of the degree of surface stretching (also called the degree of wrinkling): the degree of surface stretching = (A _s -A ₀ )/A ₀ × 100%; where As is the smeared area on the surface of the elastic substrate, and A ₀ is The coated area of the elastic substrate after releasing the tension applied to the elastic substrate.

Degree of line stretching=(L _s −L ₀ )/L ₀ ×100%, where L ₀ is the original length of the MXene film, and Ls is the length of the MXene film in a uniaxially stretched state.

In the above-mentioned triboelectric nanogenerator, the thickness of the MXene film is 568 μm˜580 μm, preferably 568 μm˜573 μm.

In the above-mentioned triboelectric nanogenerator, the surface stretch rate of the elastic substrate is 100%-1500% (such as a latex balloon), and the size is (0.5-4) cm×(0.5-4) cm; the The electrodes are copper wires.

A triboelectric nanogenerator as described above, wherein the triboelectric nanogenerator is a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator; the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator when not stretched is 0.18 μW/cm ² to 0.28 μW/ cm ² .

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator as described in any of the above. First, the slurry A containing a single layer of MXene is evenly spread on the surface of the stretched elastic substrate, and after drying, it is released and applied on the surface of the stretched elastic substrate. The tension of the elastic substrate is to obtain the elastic substrate of the MXene film covered with the wrinkled structure, and finally the electrode is drawn out on the MXene film, that is, the triboelectric nanogenerator is obtained.

As the preferred technical solution:

In the above-mentioned preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the concentration of the monolayer MXene in the slurry A is 11 mg/mL to 15.5 mg/mL, preferably 13.6 mg/mL to 15.5 mg/mL.

The above-mentioned preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, when smearing, the coating amount per unit area of the slurry A on the elastic substrate is 0.38mg/cm ² ～ 0.45mg/cm ² , and the drying time is 3h～5h, preferably For 3h ~ 4.5h.

The above-mentioned preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the preparation process of the slurry A containing monolayer MXene is:

(1) first add the MAX phase to the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and stir to obtain solution X; in the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, the volume ratio of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid is 6:1; the described In solution X, the mass-volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1:12;

MAX phase is a new type of processable ceramic material, which is widely used because of its unique nano-layered crystal structure and metal conductivity. The MAX phase used in the present invention is a commodity (400 mesh, 99.9% purity).

(2) take deionized water as dispersing solvent, add in solution X and carry out several times of centrifugation to obtain solution Z; after each centrifugation, remove the residual unreacted hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid in solution X, and hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid The Al element produced by acid etching the MAX phase; several times in step (2) are 2 to 3 times, the centrifugal speed of each time is 3500r/min, the time of each centrifugation is 3 to 5 minutes, and each time added Deionized water is 50-70mL;

(3) Lithium chloride is added to solution Z and mixed evenly (the purpose is to intercalate), and then centrifuged several times. After centrifugation, the upper layer of black-green solution is taken as slurry A containing monolayer MXene.

The number of times of centrifugation in step (3) is 4 to 5 times, the centrifugal speed of each time is 3500 r/min, the time of each centrifugation is 3 to 5 min, and lithium chloride is added once after step (2), chlorine The mass ratio of the added amount of lithium chloride to that of the MAX phase is 1:1. The purpose of each centrifugation is to remove residual unreacted lithium chloride and some impurities generated during the above reaction.

The principle of the present invention is:

The invention adopts the MXene film of wrinkled structure to make the triboelectric nanogenerator in the single-electrode mode, so that the triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention can utilize the coupling effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction under the contact of fingers or other objects, so that the finger or the The mechanical energy generated when other objects contact the triboelectric nanogenerator is converted into electrical energy.

Because the MXene phase has excellent metal conductivity and high electronegativity due to the -F, -O functional groups on the surface, and its triboelectronegativity is similar to the commonly used negative triboelectric material PTFE, this The invention brushes the MXene slurry with high negative charge on the pre-stretched elastic substrate to make the MXene film based on the wrinkled structure. Compared with the triboelectric nanogenerator based on the MXene flat film structure, the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator with the wrinkled structure is increased by 16 times, and the larger The output performance can also correspondingly improve the sensing sensitivity of the device. On the other hand, due to the existence of the pre-stretched wrinkle structure, the triboelectric nanogenerator has a higher stretch rate, the area stretch rate reaches 1141%, while the linear stretch rate can reach 500%, and with the stretching degree The output performance is also gradually improved, which can be well used in the energy field and self-powered sensing.

beneficial effect

(1) a preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention, the preparation method is simple, and is easy to realize industrialized production;

(2) The triboelectric nanogenerator of the wrinkled MXene film made by the present invention has excellent electrical output stability on the one hand and can effectively collect the neglected mechanical energy generated by our daily activities; on the other hand, due to its stretchability , which can effectively replace other micro energy devices as wearable triboelectric nanogenerators. Due to the clever design of the wrinkled structure, the maximum linear stretch rate of the device can reach 500%, and its maximum output power is 4 times higher than that of the planar structure device, reaching 0.28μWcm ^-2 ;

(3) In the field of energy collection and self-powered sensing, the present invention can collect low-frequency mechanical energy of human motion and convert it into electrical energy. The resulting single-electrode device can directly light up LCD screens or charge commercial capacitors and be applied in self-powered wireless pressure sensing systems. As a wearable green energy source and a self-powered sensor device, the present invention has a huge application market.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the structure of the single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator composed of MXene film in Example 1;

Figure 2: Scanning electron microscope picture of the wrinkled MXene film in Example 1;

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the short-circuit current of the MXene film high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator in Example 1;

Figure 4: Schematic diagram of lighting up the LCD screen and charging capacitors of different capacities in Example 1.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

The MAX phase described in the examples is a commodity (400 mesh, 99.9% purity) from Jilin Province 11 Technology Co., Ltd.

Example 1

A preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) First add the MAX phase to the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and stir evenly to obtain solution X; the mass volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1:12; Water was used as a dispersing solvent, added to solution X and centrifuged twice to obtain solution Z; the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500 r/min, the time of each centrifugation was 3 min, and the volume of deionized water added each time was 50 mL; then After adding lithium chloride to solution Z and mixing evenly, centrifugation was carried out for 4 times. The mass ratio of the added amount is 1:1; after the centrifugation, the upper layer of black-green solution is taken as slurry A containing monolayer MXene, wherein the concentration of monolayer MXene in slurry A is 15.5 mg/mL, MXene The molecular formula is Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X , where x represents the number of functional groups, and T is -OH;

(2) The slurry A containing a single layer of MXene is evenly spread on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, and the coating amount per unit area is 0.45 mg/cm ² , and after drying for 3 hours, the tension applied to the latex balloon is released, i.e. A latex balloon covered with a wrinkled-structured MXene film was obtained;

(3) The electrode (copper wire) is drawn out on the MXene film to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator.

The prepared triboelectric nanogenerator is a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, including a latex balloon with a surface stretch rate of 1141%; a MXene film with a wrinkled structure covered on the surface of the latex balloon; an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film; MXene The film is composed of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 568 μm; the surface stretching degree of the wrinkled MXene film is 1141%, and the linear stretching degree is 520%; when it is not stretched, the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator was 0.28 μW/cm ² .

The triboelectric nanogenerator under a single electrode is shown in Figure 1; due to the wrinkled structure of the MXene film, the triboelectric nanogenerator composed of it has strong electronegativity and ultra-high specific surface area. The scanning electron microscope of the wrinkled structure MXene film is as follows As shown in Figure 2; under the action of an external force of 10N and a frequency of 2HZ, the output short-circuit current is _2.74μA , as shown in Figure 3; The circuit design of the commercial capacitor charging is shown in Figure 4a, where ⅰ is the power generation part, that is, the single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator prepared by the present invention; ⅱ is the device that directly supplies power to the LCD, and the letter "SUES" is lit; ⅲ is the A bridge rectifier is used to convert the AC output signal into a DC signal; after iv rectification, the DC signal is used to charge the capacitor. In the charging curve shown in 4b, TENG can charge the 1μF capacitor from 0V to 2.0V within 100s; in addition, through the single electrode TENG of the finger, the pressing signal can also be wirelessly transmitted to the mobile phone terminal. It can be seen that TENG can not only directly light up the LCD screen and charge the capacitor, with good charging performance and good output performance, but also convert external mechanical energy into visual electrical signals through wireless transmission, which is also used in intelligent wireless transmission. Broad application prospects.

Example 2

A preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) First add the MAX phase to the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and stir evenly to obtain solution X; the mass volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1:12; Water was used as a dispersing solvent, added to solution X and centrifuged twice to obtain solution Z; the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500 r/min, the time of each centrifugation was 3 min, and the volume of deionized water added each time was 55 mL; then After adding lithium chloride to solution Z and mixing evenly, centrifugation was carried out for 4 times. The mass ratio of the added amount was 1:1; after the centrifugation, the upper layer of black-green solution was taken as slurry A containing monolayer MXene, wherein the concentration of monolayer MXene in slurry A was 11.6 mg/mL, MXene The molecular formula is Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X , where x represents the number of functional groups, and T is =O;

(2) The slurry A containing a single layer of MXene is evenly spread on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, and the coating amount per unit area is 0.39 mg/cm ² , and after drying for 3 hours, the tension applied to the latex balloon is released, namely A latex balloon covered with a wrinkled-structured MXene film was obtained;

(3) The electrode (copper wire) is drawn out on the MXene film to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator.

The prepared triboelectric nanogenerator is a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, including a latex balloon with a surface elongation rate of 1500%; an MXene film covered with a wrinkled structure on the surface of the latex balloon; a lead-out electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film; MXene The film is composed of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 570 μm; the surface stretching degree of the wrinkled MXene film is 1100%, and the linear stretching degree is 518%; when it is not stretched, the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator was 0.26 μW/cm ² .

Example 3

A preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) First add the MAX phase to the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and stir evenly to obtain solution X; the mass volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1:12; Water was used as a dispersing solvent, added to solution X and centrifuged twice to obtain solution Z; the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500r/min, the time of each centrifugation was 4min, and the volume of deionized water added each time was 55mL; then After adding lithium chloride to solution Z and mixing evenly, centrifugation was carried out for 4 times. The mass ratio of the added amount was 1:1; after the centrifugation, the upper layer of black-green solution was taken as slurry A containing monolayer MXene, wherein the concentration of monolayer MXene in slurry A was 12.3 mg/mL, MXene The molecular formula is Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X , where x represents the number of functional groups, and T is -F;

(2) The slurry A containing a single layer of MXene is evenly spread on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, and the coating amount per unit area is 0.4 mg/cm ² , and after drying for 3 hours, the tension applied to the latex balloon is released, namely A latex balloon covered with a wrinkled-structured MXene film was obtained;

(3) The electrode (copper wire) is drawn out on the MXene film to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator.

The prepared triboelectric nanogenerator is a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, including a latex balloon with a surface elongation rate of 1300%; an MXene film covered with a wrinkled structure on the surface of the latex balloon; a lead-out electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film; MXene The film is composed of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 572 μm; the surface stretching degree of the wrinkled MXene film is 1000%, and the linear stretching degree is 516%; when it is not stretched, the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator was 0.23 μW/cm ² .

Example 4

A preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) First add the MAX phase to the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and stir evenly to obtain solution X; the mass volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1:12; Water was used as a dispersing solvent, added to solution X and centrifuged 3 times to obtain solution Z; the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500 r/min, the time of each centrifugation was 4 min, and the volume of deionized water added each time was 60 mL; then After adding lithium chloride to solution Z and mixing evenly, centrifugation was carried out for 4 times. The mass ratio of the added amount was 1:1; after the centrifugation, the upper layer of black-green solution was taken as slurry A containing monolayer MXene, wherein the concentration of monolayer MXene in slurry A was 13.2 mg/mL, MXene The molecular formula is Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X , where x represents the number of functional groups, and T is -OH;

(2) The slurry A containing a single layer of MXene is evenly spread on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, and the coating amount per unit area is 0.41 mg/cm ² , and after drying for 4 hours, the tension applied to the latex balloon is released, namely A latex balloon covered with a wrinkled-structured MXene film was obtained;

(3) The electrode (copper wire) is drawn out on the MXene film to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator.

The prepared triboelectric nanogenerator is a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, including a latex balloon with a surface stretch rate of 1200%; an MXene film with a wrinkled structure covered on the surface of the latex balloon; an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film; MXene The film is composed of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 574 μm; the surface stretching degree of the wrinkled MXene film is 980%, and the linear stretching degree is 514%; when it is not stretched, the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator was 0.22 μW/cm ² .

Example 5

A preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) First add the MAX phase to the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and stir evenly to obtain solution X; the mass volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1:12; As the dispersing solvent, water was added to the solution X and centrifuged 3 times to obtain the solution Z; the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500 r/min, the time of each centrifugation was 4 min, and the volume of deionized water added each time was 65 mL; then After adding lithium chloride to the solution Z and mixing evenly, centrifugation was carried out for 5 times, the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500r/min, and the time of each centrifugation was 4min; The mass ratio of the added amount was 1:1; after the centrifugation, the upper layer of black-green solution was taken as slurry A containing monolayer MXene, wherein the concentration of monolayer MXene in slurry A was 14.1 mg/mL, MXene The molecular formula is Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X , where x represents the number of functional groups, and T is =O;

(2) The slurry A containing a single layer of MXene is evenly spread on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, and the coating amount per unit area is 0.42 mg/cm ² , and after drying for 4 hours, the tension applied to the latex balloon is released, namely A latex balloon covered with a wrinkled-structured MXene film was obtained;

(3) The electrode (copper wire) is drawn out on the MXene film to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator.

The prepared triboelectric nanogenerator is a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, including a latex balloon with a surface elongation rate of 1000%; an MXene film with a wrinkled structure covered on the surface of the latex balloon; an extraction electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film; MXene The film is composed of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 576 μm; the surface stretching degree of the wrinkled MXene film is 960%, and the linear stretching degree is 512%; when it is not stretched, the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator was 0.21 μW/cm ² .

Example 6

A preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) First add the MAX phase to the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and stir evenly to obtain solution X; the mass volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1:12; Water was used as a dispersing solvent, added to solution X and centrifuged 3 times to obtain solution Z; the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500r/min, the time of each centrifugation was 5min, and the volume of deionized water added each time was 65mL; then After adding lithium chloride to solution Z and mixing evenly, centrifugation was carried out for 5 times, the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500r/min, and the time of each centrifugation was 5min; The mass ratio of the added amount is 1:1; after the centrifugation, the upper layer of the black-green solution is taken as the slurry A containing a single layer of MXene, wherein the concentration of the single layer of MXene in the slurry A is 14.8 mg/mL, and the MXene The molecular formula is Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X , where x represents the number of functional groups, and T is -F;

(2) The slurry A containing a single layer of MXene is evenly spread on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, and the coating amount per unit area is 0.43 mg/cm ² , and after drying for 5 hours, the tension applied to the latex balloon is released, i.e. A latex balloon covered with a wrinkled-structured MXene film was obtained;

(3) The electrode (copper wire) is drawn out on the MXene film to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator.

The prepared triboelectric nanogenerator is a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, including a latex balloon with a surface elongation rate of 980%; an MXene film covered with a wrinkled structure on the surface of the latex balloon; the lead-out electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film; MXene The film is composed of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 578 μm; the surface stretching degree of the wrinkled MXene film is 940%, and the linear stretching degree is 510%; when not stretched, the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator is 0.2 μW/cm ² .

Example 7

A preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) First add the MAX phase to the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid with a volume ratio of 6:1, and stir evenly to obtain solution X; the mass volume ratio of the MAX phase to the mixed solution is 1:12; Water was used as a dispersing solvent, added to solution X and centrifuged 3 times to obtain solution Z; the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500 r/min, the time of each centrifugation was 5 min, and the volume of deionized water added each time was 70 mL; then After adding lithium chloride to solution Z and mixing evenly, centrifugation was carried out for 5 times, the centrifugal speed of each time was 3500r/min, and the time of each centrifugation was 5min; The mass ratio of the added amount is 1:1; after the centrifugation, the upper layer of black-green solution is taken as slurry A containing monolayer MXene, wherein the concentration of monolayer MXene in slurry A is 11 mg/mL, and the concentration of MXene in The molecular formula is Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X , where x represents the number of functional groups, and T is -OH;

(2) The slurry A containing a single layer of MXene is evenly spread on the surface of the stretched latex balloon, and the coating amount per unit area is 0.38 mg/cm ² , and after drying for 5 hours, the tension applied to the latex balloon is released, namely A latex balloon covered with a wrinkled-structured MXene film was obtained;

(3) The electrode (copper wire) is drawn out on the MXene film to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator.

The prepared triboelectric nanogenerator is a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, including a latex balloon with a surface stretch rate of 940%; an MXene film with a wrinkled structure covered on the surface of the latex balloon; an electrode (copper wire) on the MXene film; MXene The film is composed of a single layer of MXene; the thickness of the MXene film is 580 μm; the surface stretching degree of the wrinkled MXene film is 920%, and the linear stretching degree is 500%; when it is not stretched, the output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator was 0.18 μW/cm ² .

Claims (8)

1. A triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that: it comprises an elastic substrate; the surface of the elastic substrate is covered with an MXene film with a wrinkled structure; an electrode is drawn on the MXene film; the MXene film is composed of a single layer of MXene, and the The molecular formula of the MXene is Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X , wherein, T is -OH, =O or -F, and x represents the number of functional groups; The degree of wire stretch is more than 500%. 2 . The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the MXene film is 568 μm˜580 μm. 3 . 3 . The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2 , wherein the surface stretch rate of the elastic substrate is 100% to 1500%; and the electrode is a copper wire. 4 . 4. a kind of triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described triboelectric nanogenerator is single-electrode type triboelectric nanogenerator; The output power of described triboelectric nanogenerator when unstretched is 0.18μW/cm ² ~0.28μW/cm ² . 5. the preparation method of a kind of triboelectric nanogenerator as described in any one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: first the slurry A that contains the MXene of single layer is evenly spread on the stretched elastic substrate The surface, after drying, releases the tension applied to the elastic substrate to obtain an elastic substrate of MXene film covered with a wrinkled structure on the surface, and finally leads electrodes on the MXene film to obtain a triboelectric nanogenerator. 6 . The preparation method of a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5 , wherein the concentration of the monolayer of MXene in the slurry A is 11 mg/mL to 15.5 mg/mL. 7 . 7. the preparation method of a kind of triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5, is characterized in that, when smearing, the unit area coating amount of slurry A on elastic base is 0.38mg/cm ² ～0.45mg/cm ² , the drying time is 3h~5h. 8. the preparation method of a kind of triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the preparation process of the slurry A of the MXene containing monolayer is: (1) First add the MAX phase to the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and stir to obtain solution X; (2) Using deionized water as a dispersing solvent, adding it to solution X for several times of centrifugation to obtain solution Z; (3) Lithium chloride was added to solution Z and mixed evenly, and then centrifuged several times. After centrifugation, the upper layer of black-green solution was taken as slurry A containing monolayer MXene.

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