CN113078287A - Electrochemical device and electronic device - Google Patents

Electrochemical device and electronic device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113078287A
CN113078287A CN202110334775.2A CN202110334775A CN113078287A CN 113078287 A CN113078287 A CN 113078287A CN 202110334775 A CN202110334775 A CN 202110334775A CN 113078287 A CN113078287 A CN 113078287A
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protective coating
blocking agent
electrochemical device
core
active material
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CN113078287B (en
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程相阳
肖利
关晓静
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present application provides an electrochemical device and an electronic device. The electrochemical device comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and an isolating membrane arranged between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece. The electrochemical device satisfies at least one of the following conditions (a) to (d): (a) a protective coating is arranged on the surface of at least one side of the isolating membrane, and the protective coating comprises a blocking agent; (b) the isolating membrane comprises a blocking agent; (c) the negative pole piece comprises a negative active material layer, and a protective coating is arranged on the surface of the negative active material layer; (d) the negative electrode active material layer comprises core-shell structure particles, the shell of the core-shell structure particles comprises at least one of inorganic materials or polymers, and the core of the core-shell structure particles comprises the blocking agent. The blocking agent comprises at least one of red phosphorus, sulfur, iodine or selenium. The embodiment of the application can reduce the risk of lithium precipitation and improve the cycle performance and the safety performance of the electrochemical device.

Description

Electrochemical device and electronic device
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage, and more particularly to electrochemical devices and electronic devices.
Background
When an electrochemical device (for example, a lithium ion battery) is charged at a high rate or at a low temperature, a lithium precipitation phenomenon easily occurs in a negative electrode sheet. Once lithium deposition occurs, the reaction with the electrolyte accelerates the degradation of the performance of the electrochemical device, and if the grown lithium dendrite breaks through the separator, an internal short circuit of the electrochemical device is caused, which easily causes accidents such as fire explosion. In order to alleviate the influence of lithium dendrites, two layers of separators may be used between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and an absorption layer comprising graphite or the like is provided between the two layers of separators to absorb part of the formed lithium metal. However, the arrangement of graphite or the like between the two layers of the isolation films reduces the electrical insulation capacity of the isolation films and increases the risk of short circuit, and the lithium storage capacity of lithium ion-releasing materials such as graphite is small, so that the generated lithium metal is difficult to be completely absorbed; in addition, the sandwich structure has a large thickness, which is not beneficial to improving the energy density of the electrochemical device.
Disclosure of Invention
An embodiment of the application provides an electrochemical device, and the electrochemical device includes positive pole piece, negative pole piece and setting at the positive pole piece and the barrier film between the negative pole piece. The electrochemical device satisfies at least one of the following conditions (a) to (d): (a) a protective coating is arranged on the surface of at least one side of the isolating membrane, and the protective coating comprises a blocking agent; (b) the isolating membrane comprises a blocking agent; (c) the negative pole piece comprises a negative active material layer, and a protective coating is arranged on the surface of the negative active material layer; (d) the negative electrode active material layer comprises core-shell structure particles, the shell of the core-shell structure particles comprises at least one of inorganic materials or polymers, and the core of the core-shell structure particles comprises the blocking agent. The blocking agent comprises at least one of red phosphorus, sulfur, iodine or selenium.
In some embodiments, the protective coating further comprises a binder comprising at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). In some embodiments, the protective coating on the surface of the release film satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the conductivity of the protective coating was 10-14S/cm to 10-12S/cm; the particle size of the blocking agent is less than 2 mu m; protective coatingThe blocking agent in the layer has a content of 0.0019mg/mm per unit area2To 0.0031mg/mm2. In some embodiments, the blocking agent in the separator satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the particle size of the blocking agent is less than or equal to 100 nm; the unit area content of the blocking agent in the isolating membrane is more than 0.0025mg/mm2. In some embodiments, the protective coating layer on the surface of the anode active material layer satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the particle size of the blocking agent is 1-3 μm; the protective coating has a conductivity of 10 or less-14S/cm; the blocking agent in the protective coating has a content of 0.0014mg/mm per unit area2To 0.0024mg/mm2. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the shell to the core of the core-shell structure is less than or equal to 0.1. In some embodiments, the inorganic material comprises Al2O3、AlPO4Or SiO2The polymer comprises a gel material. In some embodiments, the blocking agent in the protective coating is 80% to 99% by mass. In some embodiments, the protective coating further comprises a binder, and the mass content of the binder in the protective coating is 1% to 20%.
Further embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device including any of the electrochemical devices described above.
Embodiments of the present application may reduce the risk of lithium precipitation and improve the cycle performance and safety performance of an electrochemical device by providing a protective coating including a blocking agent in at least one of a surface of a separator, an interior of the separator, a surface of a negative active material layer, and an interior of the negative active material layer, wherein the blocking agent includes at least one of red phosphorus, sulfur, iodine, or selenium, since these blocking agent materials may react with lithium metal and have poor electron conductivity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical device according to some embodiments of the present application taken along a plane defined by its width and thickness directions.
Fig. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical device according to some embodiments of the present application taken along a plane defined by a width and thickness direction thereof.
Fig. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical device according to some embodiments of the present application taken along a plane defined by a width and thickness direction thereof.
Fig. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical device according to some embodiments of the present application taken along a plane defined by a width and thickness direction thereof.
Fig. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical device according to some embodiments of the present application taken along a plane defined by a width and thickness direction thereof.
Fig. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical device according to some embodiments of the present application taken along a plane defined by a width and thickness direction thereof.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present application and are not intended to limit the present application in any way.
Fig. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical device according to some embodiments of the present application taken along a plane defined by its width and thickness directions. It should be understood that if the electrochemical device is a wound structure, fig. 1 is a sectional view of the wound structure of the electrochemical device after it is spread flat. As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrochemical device including a positive electrode tab 101, a negative electrode tab 102, and a separator 103 disposed between the positive electrode tab 101 and the negative electrode tab 102.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-3, at least one side of the release film 103 is provided with a protective coating 104 on a surface thereof. That is, the protective coating 104 may be provided between the positive electrode tab 102 and the separator 103 and/or between the negative electrode tab 102 and the separator 103. In some embodiments, the protective coating 104 includes a blocking agent that includes at least one of red phosphorus, sulfur, iodine, or selenium. The blockers do not react with lithium ions, because the lithium ions are products of lithium metal losing electrons, the blockers have stable structure and poor reducibility, and the blockers have strong oxidability and need to obtain electrons when the blockers react, so that the blockers and the lithium ions do not react, because the blockers need to be added with external electrons for carrying out electrochemical reaction, but the electronic conductivity of the blockers is poor, and the external electrons hardly enter a reaction system of the blockers and the lithium ions; however, these blocking agents can chemically react with lithium metal because lithium metal is a high reducing substance, and these blocking agents can react with lithium metal to form an alloy, thereby passivating lithium metal, blocking the growth of lithium dendrites, and improving the safety performance of the electrochemical device. In addition, since these blockers have poor electron conductivity, they do not affect the capacity of the electrochemical device. In addition, the blocking agents have strong lithium storage capacity, and a small amount of the blocking agents can block a large amount of lithium analysis. In addition, because the electrochemical device of the application can only have one layer of isolating membrane, the energy density of the electrochemical device is improved compared with a structure adopting two layers of isolating membranes. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the formation of the protective coating 104 introduces a large number of pores, facilitating wetting of the separator 103.
In some embodiments, the protective coating 104 further includes a binder including at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The adhesive may allow the blocking agent to form a stable layer and ensure good adhesion between the protective coating 104 and the release film 103. In some embodiments, the blocking agent in the protective coating 104 is 80% to 99% by mass. In some embodiments, the binder in the protective coating 104 is present in an amount of 1% to 20% by mass. If the mass content of the binder in the protective coating 104 is too small, the stability of the protective coating 104 and the good adhesion between the protective coating 104 and the separator 103 are not facilitated. If the mass content of the binder in the protective coating 104 is too large, the mass content of the blocking agent in the protective coating 104 is made too small, reducing the effect of the blocking agent in suppressing lithium dendrites.
In some embodiments, the protective coating 104 has an electrical conductivity of 10-14S/cm to 10-12S/cm. If the conductivity of the protective coating 104 is greater than 10-12S/cm due to blocking agentThe lithium intercalation capability is easy to cause the blocking agent to obtain electrons to cause lithium intercalation of the protective coating 104, and the effect of blocking lithium precipitation is influenced. When the conductivity of the protective coating 104 is at 10-14S/cm to 10-12And when the concentration of the lithium ion is S/cm, the electronic insulation property of the blocking agent is strong enough, and the blocking agent is ensured not to obtain the lithium intercalation reaction of electrons. On the other hand, if the conductivity of the protective coating 104 is too low, the electrical performance of the electrochemical device may be affected.
In some embodiments, the particle size of the blocking agent is less than 2 μm. The gap between the blocking agents (e.g., red phosphorus) is usually 0.5 μm to 2 μm, which does not affect lithium ion transport, and when the particle size of the blocking agent is greater than 2 μm, the thickness of the protective coating 104 may reach 3 μm to 4 μm during the actual coating process, and the thickness of the protective coating 104 is large, which is not favorable for increasing the energy density of the electrochemical device.
In some embodiments, the blocker in the protective coating 104 is present in an amount of 0.0019mg/mm per unit area2To 0.0031mg/mm2. When the amount of blocking agent per unit area in the protective coating 104 is less than 0.0019mg/mm2When the amount of the blocking agent is such that it is difficult to ensure that the blocking agent maintains the entire life cycle of the electrochemical device, the blocking agent content per unit area in the protective coating 104 is greater than 0.0031mg/mm2When the coating layer 104 is too thick, the energy density of the electrochemical device or the air permeability and porosity of the separator may be affected.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, a blocking agent 105 is included in the separator 103, the blocking agent 105 including at least one of red phosphorus, sulfur, iodine, or selenium. The blocking agent 105 in the separation film 103 can perform the same function as the blocking agent described above, and can be used to react with lithium dendrite, and for the sake of simplicity, the description will not be repeated here.
In some embodiments, the particle size of the blocking agent 105 is 100nm or less. As such, the blocking agent 105 can be made to exist relatively easily in the pores in the separator 103. In some embodiments, the blocker 105 content per unit area in the release film 103 is greater than 0.0025mg/mm2. In this manner, it is ensured that the blocking agent 105 is substantially distributed in the pores of the separation film 103, thereby achieving better effectsThe effect of suppressing lithium dendrites.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the negative electrode tab 102 includes a negative active material layer 1021, and a surface of the negative active material layer 1021 is provided with the protective coating 114. In some embodiments, the negative electrode tab 102 may further include a negative electrode current collector, the negative active material layer 1021 being located on one or both sides of the negative electrode current collector. In some embodiments, the surface of the negative active material layer 1021 facing the separator 103 is provided with the protective coating 114. In some embodiments, the protective coating 114 includes a blocking agent that includes at least one of red phosphorus, sulfur, iodine, or selenium. The blocking agent in the protective coating 114 can perform the same function as the blocking agent described above, and can be used to react with lithium dendrites, and for simplicity, the description will not be repeated here. In some embodiments, the formation of the protective coating 114 introduces a large number of pores, facilitating the wetting of the negative active material layer 1021 in contact with the protective coating 114.
In some embodiments, the protective coating 114 further includes a binder including at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The binder may make the blocking agent form a stable layer and ensure good adhesion between the protective coating 114 and the negative electrode active material layer 1021. In some embodiments, the blocking agent in the protective coating 114 is 80% to 99% by mass. In some embodiments, the binder in the protective coating 114 is present in an amount of 1% to 20% by mass. If the mass content of the binder in the protective coating 114 is too small, the stability of the protective coating 114 and the good adhesion between the protective coating 114 and the anode active material layer 1021 are not facilitated. If the mass content of the binder in the protective coating 114 is too large, the mass content of the blocking agent in the protective coating 114 is made too small, reducing the effect of the blocking agent in suppressing lithium dendrites.
In some embodiments, the particle size of the blocking agent in the protective coating 114 is 1 μm to 3 μm. In some embodiments, the protective coating 114 has a conductivity of 10 or less-14S/cm, to prevent intercalation of the blocking agent. Since the negative electrode tab is used to receive lithium ions deintercalated from the positive electrode tab, the negative electrode tab is used to receive lithium ions deintercalated from the positive electrode tabThe protective coating 114 is more susceptible to lithium intercalation and, therefore, the control of the conductivity of the protective coating 114 is more stringent.
In some embodiments, the blocker in the protective coating 114 is present in an amount of 0.0014mg/mm per unit area2To 0.0024mg/mm2. When the amount of blocking agent per unit area in the protective coating 114 is less than 0.0014mg/mm2When the amount of blocking agent is such that it is difficult to ensure that the blocking agent maintains the entire life cycle of the electrochemical device, the blocking agent is present in the protective coating 114 in an amount greater than 0.0024mg/mm per unit area2When the coating layer 114 is too thick, the energy density of the electrochemical device or the air permeability and porosity of the separator may be affected. In addition, if the content of the blocking agent in the protective coating 114 per unit area is too large, the adhesive in the protective coating 114 cannot adhere the blocking agent to the surface of the negative electrode plate and diffuses into the negative electrode plate, which may affect the conductivity of the negative electrode plate.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the core-shell structured particles 106 are included in the anode active material layer 1021. In some embodiments, the core-shell structured particles 106 include a shell 1061 and a core 1062. In some embodiments, the shell 1061 of the core-shell structured particles 106 comprises at least one of an inorganic material or a polymer. In some embodiments, the core 1062 of the core-shell structured particles 106 includes a blocking agent including at least one of red phosphorus, sulfur, iodine, or selenium. It should be understood that the dimensions of the drawings in the present application are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to be limiting. In some embodiments, the inorganic material comprises Al2O3、AlPO4Or SiO2At least one of (1). In some embodiments, the polymer comprises a gel material.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the shell 1061 to the core 1062 of the core-shell structured particles 106 may be less than 1: 10, i.e., the casing 1061 is thin, and can respond more promptly when lithium deposition starts to occur in the negative electrode tab 102, and can prevent the core 1062 (i.e., the blocking agent) from causing an unnecessary side reaction with the material in the negative electrode active material layer 1021 when lithium deposition does not occur. The larger the mass content of the shell 1061 is, the conductivity of the core-shell structure particles 106 tends to decrease, but the feedback sensitivity of the core-shell structure particles 106 to lithium deposition also tends to decrease. Preferably, the mass ratio of the shell 1061 to the core 1062 of the core-shell structure particle 106 is 1: 10, the electrical conductivity of the core-shell structure particles 106 is ensured to be low, and the quick response to lithium precipitation can be realized.
In some embodiments, the positive electrode tab 101 includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer on one or both sides of the positive electrode current collector. In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material including at least one of lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, lithium nickel cobalt manganate, lithium nickel manganate, or the like. In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer may further include a conductive agent. In some embodiments, the conductive agent in the positive electrode active material layer may include at least one of conductive carbon black, ketjen black, flake graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, or carbon fibers. In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer may further include a binder, and the binder in the positive electrode active material layer may include at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyaniline, polyimide, polyamideimide, polysiloxane, styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, or polyfluorene. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent and the binder in the positive electrode active material layer may be (78-99): (0.1-10): (0.1-10). In some embodiments, the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer may be 10 μm to 200 μm. It should be understood that the above description is merely an example, and any other suitable material, thickness, and mass ratio may be employed for the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode.
In some embodiments, the positive current collector may be an Al foil, but other current collectors commonly used in the art may also be used. In some embodiments, the thickness of the positive electrode current collector may be 1 μm to 200 μm. In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer may be coated only on a partial area of the positive electrode current collector of the positive electrode.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode tab 102 includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative active material layer 1021 on one or both sides of the negative electrode current collector. In some embodiments, the negative active material layer 1021 negative active material. In some embodiments, the negative active material may include at least one of graphite, hard carbon, silicon oxide, or silicone. In some embodiments, a conductive agent and a binder may also be included in the negative active material layer. In some embodiments, the conductive agent in the negative active material layer may include at least one of conductive carbon black, ketjen black, flake graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, or carbon fibers. In some embodiments, the binder in the negative active material layer may include at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyaniline, polyimide, polyamideimide, polysiloxane, styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, or polyfluorene. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the negative active material, the conductive agent, and the binder in the negative active material layer may be (78 to 98.5): (0.1 to 10): (0.1 to 10). It will be appreciated that the above description is merely exemplary and that any other suitable materials and mass ratios may be employed. In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector of the negative electrode may employ at least one of a copper foil, a nickel foil, or a carbon-based current collector.
In some embodiments, the separator comprises at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, or aramid. For example, the polyethylene includes at least one selected from high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, or ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. Particularly polyethylene and polypropylene, which have a good effect on preventing short circuits and can improve the stability of the battery through a shutdown effect. In some embodiments, the thickness of the isolation film is in the range of about 5 μm to 50 μm.
In some embodiments, the surface of the separator may further include a porous layer disposed on at least one surface of the separator, the porous layer including inorganic particles selected from alumina (Al) and a binder2O3) Silicon oxide (SiO)2) Magnesium oxide (MgO), titanium oxide (TiO)2) Hafnium oxide (HfO)2) Tin oxide (SnO)2) Cerium oxide(CeO2) Nickel oxide (NiO), zinc oxide (ZnO), calcium oxide (CaO), zirconium oxide (ZrO)2) Yttrium oxide (Y)2O3) At least one of silicon carbide (SiC), boehmite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or barium sulfate. In some embodiments, the pores of the separator film have a diameter in the range of about 0.01 μm to 1 μm. The binder of the porous layer is at least one selected from polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyhexafluoropropylene. The porous layer on the surface of the isolating membrane can improve the heat resistance, the oxidation resistance and the electrolyte infiltration performance of the isolating membrane and enhance the adhesion between the isolating membrane and the pole piece.
In some embodiments, the electrochemical device comprises a lithium ion battery, but the application is not so limited. In some embodiments, the electrochemical device may further include an electrolyte. The electrolyte may be one or more of a gel electrolyte, a solid electrolyte, and an electrolytic solution including a lithium salt and a non-aqueous solvent. The lithium salt is selected from LiPF6、LiBF4、LiAsF6、LiClO4、LiB(C6H5)4、LiCH3SO3、LiCF3SO3、LiN(SO2CF3)2、LiC(SO2CF3)3、LiSiF6One or more of LiBOB or lithium difluoroborate. For example, LiPF is selected as lithium salt6Because it has high ionic conductivity and can improve cycle characteristics.
The non-aqueous solvent may be a carbonate compound, a carboxylate compound, an ether compound, other organic solvent, or a combination thereof.
The carbonate compound may be a chain carbonate compound, a cyclic carbonate compound, a fluoro carbonate compound, or a combination thereof.
Examples of the chain carbonate compound are diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), Methyl Propyl Carbonate (MPC), Ethyl Propyl Carbonate (EPC), Methyl Ethyl Carbonate (MEC), and combinations thereof. Examples of the cyclic carbonate compound are Ethylene Carbonate (EC), Propylene Carbonate (PC), Butylene Carbonate (BC), Vinyl Ethylene Carbonate (VEC), or a combination thereof. Examples of the fluoro carbonate compound are fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), 1, 2-difluoroethylene carbonate, 1, 2-trifluoroethylene carbonate, 1,2, 2-tetrafluoroethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-1-methylethylene carbonate, 1, 2-difluoro-1-methylethylene carbonate, 1, 2-trifluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, trifluoromethylethylene carbonate, or a combination thereof.
Examples of carboxylate compounds are methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, t-butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, γ -butyrolactone, decalactone, valerolactone, mevalonic lactone, caprolactone, methyl formate, or combinations thereof.
Examples of the ether compound are dibutyl ether, tetraglyme, diglyme, 1, 2-dimethoxyethane, 1, 2-diethoxyethane, ethoxymethoxyethane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, or a combination thereof.
Examples of other organic solvents are dimethylsulfoxide, 1, 2-dioxolane, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, formamide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, and phosphate esters or combinations thereof.
In some embodiments of the present application, taking a lithium ion battery as an example, a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode are sequentially wound or stacked to form an electrode member, and then the electrode member is placed in, for example, an aluminum plastic film for packaging, and an electrolyte is injected into the electrode member for formation and packaging, so as to form the lithium ion battery. And then, performing performance test on the prepared lithium ion battery.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described methods of making electrochemical devices (e.g., lithium ion batteries) are merely examples. Other methods commonly used in the art may be employed without departing from the disclosure herein.
Embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device including the electrochemical device described above. The electronic device of the embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited, and may be any electronic device known in the art. In some embodiments, the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, a notebook computer, a pen-input computer, a mobile computer, an electronic book player, a portable phone, a portable facsimile machine, a portable copier, a portable printer, a headphone, a video recorder, a liquid crystal television, a handheld cleaner, a portable CD player, a mini-disc, a transceiver, an electronic organizer, a calculator, a memory card, a portable recorder, a radio, a backup power source, an electric motor, an automobile, a motorcycle, a power-assisted bicycle, a lighting fixture, a toy, a game machine, a clock, an electric tool, a flashlight, a camera, a large household battery, a lithium ion capacitor, and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the disclosure herein is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other combinations of features described above or equivalents thereof. For example, the above features and the technical features having similar functions disclosed in the present application are mutually replaced to form the technical solution.

Claims (10)

1. An electrochemical device, comprising:
a positive electrode plate;
a negative pole piece;
the isolating film is arranged between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece;
wherein the electrochemical device satisfies at least one of the following conditions (a) to (d):
(a) a protective coating is arranged on the surface of at least one side of the isolating membrane, and the protective coating comprises a blocking agent;
(b) the barrier film comprises the blocking agent therein;
(c) the negative pole piece comprises a negative active material layer, and the surface of the negative active material layer is provided with the protective coating;
(d) the negative electrode active material layer comprises core-shell structure particles, the shell of each core-shell structure particle comprises at least one of an inorganic material or a polymer, and the core of each core-shell structure particle comprises the blocking agent;
wherein the blocking agent comprises at least one of red phosphorus, sulfur, iodine, or selenium.
2. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein the protective coating further comprises a binder comprising at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene butadiene rubber, or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
3. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the protective coating layer on the surface of the separation film satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
the protective coating has an electrical conductivity of 10-14S/cm to 10-12S/cm；
The particle size of the blocking agent is less than 2 mu m;
the unit area content of the blocking agent in the protective coating is 0.0019mg/mm2To 0.0031mg/mm2。
4. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the blocking agent in the separation film satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
the particle size of the blocking agent is less than or equal to 100 nm;
the blocking agent in the isolating membrane has a unit area content of more than 0.0025mg/mm2。
5. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the protective coating layer on the surface of the anode active material layer satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
the particle size of the blocking agent is 1-3 mu m;
the protective coating has a conductivity of 10 or less-14S/cm；
The unit area content of the blocking agent in the protective coating is 0.0014mg/mm2To 0.0024mg/mm2。
6. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein a mass ratio of the shell to the core of the core-shell structure is 0.1 or less.
7. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein the inorganic material comprises Al2O3、AlPO4Or SiO2The polymer comprises a gel material.
8. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the blocking agent is contained in the protective coating layer in an amount of 80 to 99% by mass.
9. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein the protective coating further comprises a binder, and the binder is present in the protective coating in an amount of 1 to 20% by mass.
10. An electronic device comprising the electrochemical device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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