CN113077729A - Display method of LED spherical screen - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an LED spherical screen display method, which relates to the technical field of LED spherical screen display, and is based on the human visual spatial resolution theory, and comprehensively considers a plurality of factors such as LED lamp bead size, LED lamp bead spacing, LED lamp bead arrangement mode and display spherical surface size, and establishes a mathematical relationship based on the factors, each LED lamp bead is defined as a pixel of an image to be displayed, the LED lamp beads are continuously arranged along the longitude and latitude lines of the spherical surface to form the spherical surface, so that the spherical surface has the function of displaying video images, the whole spherical surface is divided into a plurality of areas according to the top, the bottom and the side surface, a video image is generated by an image generation device according to the field angle parameters of each area, an image processing device corrects the image, an LED driving device drives the image and the like to complete the function of displaying the continuous video image by the whole spherical surface. The method enables the design of the LED spherical screen to have theoretical basis and enables human eyes to obtain more comfortable display effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of screen display methods, in particular to an LED spherical screen display method.
Background
The LED visual spherical screen display system mainly comprises an LED display system, a video processing system, a video transmission system, a mechanical structure assembly, a distributed power supply and the like, and has a visual spherical screen with a display function. The LED display screen body is mainly formed by splicing LED display modules, and the mechanical structure component comprises an LED lamp panel bearing body designed based on an aluminum die-casting structure, a glass steel framework designed based on a composite material, a shell decorative plate and the like; the spherical screen video processing system and the video transmission system are also important components of the spherical screen video processing system, the spherical screen video processing system is composed of components such as a graphic correction device, a video sending device and a video receiving card, the graphic correction device is arranged at a visual computer end and carries out graphic correction on a video signal output by the visual computer, the video signal is transmitted to the video sending device at the bottom of the spherical screen through an optical transmission device in the video transmission system, then is converted into a network signal through the video sending device and is transmitted to the video receiving card of the LED display module through a gigabit Ethernet, and the video signal is processed by the video receiving card to drive the LED lamp panel so as to realize LED display. Thus, the spherical screen video processing and video transmission system is capable of receiving a computer generated multi-channel image of an external view and processing it into a complete, continuous and distortion-free view image on a spherical LED display screen.
Chinese patent publication No. CN107481207A, published as 2017, 12 and 15, discloses a geometric correction method for video images, which includes: the digital camera shoots an image projected by each projector independently; processing and matrix transformation calculation are carried out on the image, and a projection area of each projector after distortion on the projection screen is obtained; calculating an outer enclosure box of the whole projection wall; calculating the relative position of the projection area of each projector in the outer bounding box according to the outer bounding box, and obtaining the position coordinates of the relative position; and mapping the video image to be displayed to the relative position according to the position coordinate, and correctly splicing the projected video image.
The geometric correction method for the video image disclosed in the patent document can perform geometric correction on the video image, and realize correct splicing of the projected video image automatically. However, when projection splicing is performed, there is a video image overlapping portion at the edge of the channel, so that the brightness and color of the image displayed in the edge region are different from those of other regions, and therefore, the method not only needs to perform geometric correction from plane to spherical surface on the image, but also needs to perform image fusion processing and display brightness and color consistency correction processing on the overlapping region; and because the existence of the common band, the pixel utilization rate of each channel is also reduced, the projector projects images from different directions, and the problem of uneven distribution of display pixels also exists, so that image deformation and uneven brightness and chromaticity can be caused, extra control and secondary correction processing are needed, and the common band also needs to be corrected again in each maintenance in the later period, so that the maintenance cost is high.
Chinese patent publication No. CN112702539A, published 2021, 4/23, discloses a method for driving an LED spherical screen, which relates to the technical field of LED display driving and comprises the following steps: step 1, dividing a display spherical surface into a top display area, a bottom display area and a plurality of side display areas, and calculating display parameters of each display area; step 2, generating a rectangular video image; step 3, performing plane-to-cambered surface geometric deformation on the rectangular video image in the step 2, and performing image compression processing after deformation; step 4, intercepting the video image compressed in the step 3; and 5, distributing the video images intercepted in the step 4 to the display areas divided in the step 1, and splicing the video images distributed to all the display areas into spherical video image pictures capable of being continuously displayed. In the conventional techniques represented by the above patent documents, methods for displaying and driving an LED spherical screen are proposed, which basically include dividing a plurality of display regions on the spherical screen to obtain display parameters or viewing angle parameters, generating a rectangular video image according to the display parameters or viewing angle parameters, then geometrically transforming the rectangular video image from a plane to a curved surface, and finally compressing the transformed video image and distributing the compressed video image to each display region for display, wherein each display region uses an LED bead as one basic pixel of the display image. However, in the practical application process, a certain size of the dome screen should adopt a plurality of sizes of LED lamp beads, the LED lamp beads should be arranged at any size interval, and how the LED lamp beads should be arranged on the dome screen can be matched with the size of the certain dome screen to achieve the best display effect, and finally achieve the technical effect of comfortable viewing by human eyes. In the prior art publications, no relevant reports are found. The prior art does not provide a complete set of LED spherical screen design method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect and the defect that the design of an LED spherical screen in the prior art lacks theoretical basis, and provides a display method of the LED spherical screen.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a display method of an LED spherical screen is characterized in that:
a, B, C are defined to respectively represent LED lamp beads arranged on an LED display spherical surface, the size of each LED lamp bead is dxd, and d represents the side length of each LED lamp bead; d1Representing the central chord length of two adjacent LED lamp beads A and B along the direction of the latitude line of the LED display spherical surface; d2The central chord length of two adjacent LED lamp beads B and C along the meridian direction of the LED display spherical surface is represented; o is the sphere center of the LED spherical screen; r is the radius of the LED spherical screen and is also equal to the distance from the center of the sphere to each LED lamp bead on the spherical surface; r is1And r2The distance from the center of sphere to the line segment AB and the center of sphere respectivelyThe distance to a line segment BC, alpha = AOB and beta = BOC are defined as spatial resolution angles; obtaining the spatial resolution of the weft direction according to the spatial resolution angle
And longitude spatial resolution
(ii) a Finally, obtaining a mathematical equation of the spatial resolution, the distance between the LED lamp beads and the radius of the spherical screen;
step 4, the image generation device generates a rectangular video image according to the field angle parameters of the top, bottom and side areas on the spherical surface;
and 6, the LED driving device maps the arc video image to the LED lamp beads according to pixels, so that the continuous video image is displayed on the whole spherical surface.
The human eye visual space resolution refers to the ability of human eyes to distinguish details of an observed object, and the human eye visual space resolution is quantitatively measured by adopting the spatial resolution.
The spatial resolution is measured by using a spatial resolution angle, defined as the size of the spatial resolution angle between two adjacent LED lamp beads, and the unit is arc minutes per pixel arcmin/pix, and the spatial resolution is less than 2 arcmin/pix. The smaller the value, the better, considering the distribution of human eye photoreceptor cells and the defects of the human eye photoreceptor cells, when the spatial resolution is less than 2arcmin/pix, the image pixels observed by the human eye are integrated, that is, the pixel particles cannot be distinguished.
In step 1, the spatial resolution angle α and the spatial resolution angle β are calculated by the following formula:
in step 1, obtaining the spatial resolution of the weft direction according to the spatial resolution angle
And longitude spatial resolution
Comprises the following steps:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
and
respectively representing the pixel points corresponding to the spatial resolution angle alpha and the spatial resolution angle beta, if the pixel points correspond to two adjacent pixel points, then
。
In the step 1, a gap is reserved between two adjacent LED lamp beads, namely the central chord length d of two adjacent LED lamp beads A and B along the direction of a spherical weft1The length d of the LED lamp beads is larger than the central chord length d of two adjacent LED lamp beads B and C along the meridian direction of the spherical surface2The side length d of the LED lamp bead is larger than the side length d of the LED lamp bead.
Further, set up
。
In step 1, the mathematical equation of the spatial resolution, the distance between the LED lamp beads and the radius of the spherical screen is obtained by: antithetical couplet formula (1) and (2), obtain spatial resolution and LED lamp pearl interval (pixel interval) and the mathematical equation of spherical curtain radius (viewing distance), as follows:
dividing the top area and the bottom area into arc surfaces, and defining the horizontal view field of the top area equal to the vertical view field equal to
Bottom region horizontal field of view equal to vertical field of view equal to
；
Dividing a plurality of side areas, wherein the side areas are formed by splicing a plurality of sub-areas, and the total number n of the sub-areas meets the condition that n is an odd number or n/2 is an odd number;
each subregion of the lateral surface region has a horizontal field angle of
(i =1,2,3 … n) and an upper field angle of vertical field angle of view of
With a lower field angle of
；
The side regions are either symmetrical up and down with respect to the equator, or the side regions have a meridian-wise midpoint higher than the equator, or the side regions have a meridian-wise midpoint lower than the equator.
When the image generation device generates a top image and a bottom image, pitch angle parameters are added for distinguishing, the pitch angle of a top area is 90 degrees, the pitch angle of a bottom area is-90 degrees, or the pitch angle of the top area is 0 degrees, the pitch angle of the bottom area is-180 degrees, or the pitch angle of the top area is 180 degrees, and the pitch angle of the bottom area is 0 degrees.
The image generation device generates the side subregion imageWhen the yaw angle parameter is increased to distinguish, the yaw angle of the ith sub-area is 0 degree by taking the first sub-area as the yaw angle
，（i=1,2,3…,n）。
The LED lamp beads in the top area and the bottom area are distributed and radially spread outwards by taking the north pole or the south pole as the center.
The LED lamp beads in the side area are distributed at equal intervals along the spherical warp or distributed at equal intervals along the spherical weft or distributed at equal intervals along the warp and weft, or the LED lamp beads in the side area are distributed at unequal intervals along the spherical warp or distributed at unequal intervals along the spherical weft or distributed at unequal intervals along the warp and weft.
The LED lamp beads at the upper edge of the side area and the LED lamp beads at the outermost ring of the top area are aligned or arranged at equal intervals or at unequal intervals along the direction of spherical warp, and the LED lamp beads at the lower edge of the side area and the LED lamp beads at the outermost ring of the bottom area are aligned or arranged at equal intervals or at unequal intervals along the direction of spherical warp.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a display method of an LED spherical screen based on establishing mathematical relations among the size, the distance, the arrangement mode and the size of a spherical screen of LED lamp beads meeting the visual space resolution of human eyes, so that the design of the LED spherical screen has theoretical basis, the design of the LED display screen is more rigorous and reasonable, and the video image display continuity of the whole spherical surface is better through the data verification of the verification example of the embodiment part, and the human eyes can obtain more comfortable display effect.
2. The invention adopts a specific and specific division mode of dividing the whole spherical surface into a plurality of areas according to the top, the bottom and the side surfaces, and refers to the data verification of the verification example of the embodiment part, thereby achieving the technical effects of reducing the number of the driven video channels and improving the pixel utilization rate of the driven video image in each display area.
3. In the invention, the technical scheme that the visual spatial resolution of human eyes is quantitatively measured by adopting the spatial resolution, the spatial resolution is measured by using a spatial resolution angle, the spatial resolution is defined as the size of the spatial resolution angle between two adjacent LED lamp beads, the unit is arc per pixel arcmin/pix, and the spatial resolution is less than 2 arcmin/pix' is adopted, the concepts of the spatial resolution angle, the spatial resolution and the visual spatial resolution are creatively provided and specifically defined, and the specific value of the spatial resolution less than 2arcmin/pix is determined, so that the LED spherical screen image pixels observed by the human eyes are integrated, the pixel particles can not be distinguished at all, and the sensory effect of the human eyes is optimal.
4. In the invention, a reserved gap between two adjacent LED lamp beads is adopted, namely the central chord length d of two adjacent LED lamp beads A and B along the direction of a spherical weft line1The length d of the LED lamp beads is larger than the central chord length d of two adjacent LED lamp beads B and C along the meridian direction of the spherical surface2Is greater than the side length d of the LED lamp bead and is provided with
The technical scheme fully considers that the LED display surface is firstly processed on the basis of a plane and then is deformed and spliced into a spherical surface, so that enough deformation gaps are reserved in advance, and the LED display surface is set through verification of actual effects
The best technical effect can be achieved.
5. In the invention, the mathematical equations of the spatial resolution, the LED lamp bead distance (pixel distance) and the spherical screen radius (viewing distance) are finally obtained by adopting the formulas (1), (2) and (3), the formula has extremely strong universality, a new design thought and a theoretical basis are creatively provided for the design of the LED spherical screen, and a better display technical effect is obtained through data verification of a verification example of the embodiment part.
6. According to the invention, each LED lamp bead is defined as a pixel of an image to be displayed, and the mapping relation between the LED lamp bead and the video image pixel is established, so that the display drive of the LED spherical display screen can be processed according to the graphics processing modes such as generation of a video image, graphics correction, transmission, cutting and splicing of a multi-channel video image and the like.
7. The invention divides the spherical screen main body according to the top area, the side area and the bottom area, so that the whole spherical surface can be produced, transmitted and driven according to a plurality of video image channels, and meanwhile, the dividing mode of the invention can reduce the number of display driving channels and has high utilization rate of channel picture pixels. The design of the consistency among the divided areas can also lead the channel parameters of the display drive to be reusable, and the image processing process is simple.
8. The spherical screen main body is divided according to the top area, the side area and the bottom area, so that the cutting of a display picture of the spherical screen main body is facilitated, the upper edge and the lower edge of the bottom area, the top area or the side area can be cut according to the requirement of a vertical field angle, and the sub-area or a part of the sub-area of the whole side area can be cut according to the requirement of a horizontal field angle. All clipping is clipping of physical pixels on the display surface without changing a driving program and driving parameters.
9. The invention is beneficial to the observer to locate the eyepoint at the center of one sub-area instead of the splicing position of two sub-areas, so that the observer can obtain the best observation effect. Meanwhile, the whole area is right in front of the observer, which is beneficial to video image processing in a single area, such as image superposition, fusion, zooming, rotation and the like.
10. According to the invention, the LED lamp beads in the top and bottom regions are radially arranged outwards by taking the pole as the circle center, and the LED lamp beads in the side regions are arranged at equal intervals along the longitude and latitude lines, so that the continuity of display pixels of the top and bottom regions and the side regions, namely the image continuous processing, is facilitated, and the regions are further subdivided, thereby designing the LED unit lamp panel capable of being produced. And the LED unit lamp panel is also favorable for driving and splicing the LED unit lamp panels in the later period.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps performed in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of spatial resolution calculation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the channel division of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an expanded view of the channel division plane of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a vertical view of a channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a horizontal view of a channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of LED lamp beads according to the present invention.
The labels in the figure are:
1. the LED display screen comprises a top area, 101, a north pole, 2, a bottom area, 201, a south pole, 3, a side area, 31, a first sub-area, 32, a second sub-area, 33, a third sub-area, 34, a fourth sub-area, 3i, an ith sub-area, 40, an equator line, 5, an LED display sphere, 501 and an LED lamp bead.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As a preferred implementation mode of the invention, the LED display technology is adopted to replace the original projector display technology, and the LED display screen module comprises an image generation device, a graphic processing device and an LED display screen. In general, the size of the LED beads 501 and the distance between the LED beads 501 of an LED display screen are usually designed by experience, and there is no strict theoretical support, and especially for a special-shaped screen such as a spherical LED display screen, more factors need to be considered. On the basis of the human visual spatial resolution theory, the invention comprehensively considers a plurality of factors such as the size of the LED lamp beads 501, the distance between the LED lamp beads 501, the arrangement mode of the LED lamp beads 501, the size of the display spherical surface and the like, and establishes a mathematical relation so that the LED display screen design has theoretical support; according to the invention, each LED lamp bead 501 is defined as a pixel of an image to be displayed, the LED lamp beads 501 are continuously arranged along the longitude and latitude lines of the spherical surface to form the spherical surface, so that the spherical surface has the function of displaying a video image, the whole spherical surface is divided into a plurality of areas according to the top, the bottom and the side surfaces, a video image is generated by an image generation device according to the angle of view parameter of each area, an image is corrected by an image processing device, an LED driving device drives the image and the like, so that the function of displaying the continuous video image by the whole spherical surface is completed. Each area is transmitted and driven by an independent video channel, the area division mode of the invention can reduce the number of the driven video channels, and the pixel utilization rate of each display area to the driven video image is higher. The method comprises the following steps:
definitions A, B, C respectively represent the LED lamp beads 501 arranged on the LED display spherical surface 5, the size of each LED lamp bead 501 is d x d, and d represents the side length of each LED lamp bead 501; d1The central chord lengths of two adjacent LED lamp beads 501A and B along the direction of the latitude line of the LED display spherical surface 5 are represented; d2The central chord lengths of two adjacent LED lamp beads 501B and C along the meridian direction of the LED display spherical surface 5 are shown; o is the sphere center of the LED spherical screen; r is the radius of the LED spherical screen and is also equal to the distance from the center of the sphere to each LED lamp bead 501 on the spherical surface; r is1And r2Respectively the distance from the sphere center to the line segment AB and the distance from the sphere center to the line segment BC, wherein alpha = AOB and beta = BOC are defined as spatial resolution angles; obtaining the spatial resolution of the weft direction according to the spatial resolution angle
And longitude spatial resolution
(ii) a Finally, a mathematical equation of the spatial resolution, the distance between the LED lamp beads 501 and the radius of the spherical screen is obtained;
step 4, the image generation device generates a rectangular video image according to the field angle parameters of the top, bottom and side areas 3 on the spherical surface;
and 6, the LED driving device maps the arc-shaped video image to the LED lamp beads 501 according to pixels, so that the continuous video image is displayed on the whole spherical surface.
In this example, the image generating apparatus, the image processing apparatus, and the LED driving apparatus, which are used, are conventionally disclosed in the related art represented by patent documents such as patent documents with publication numbers CN112702539A, CN112233048A, and CN 112259047A.
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, as a best mode for carrying out the present invention, the mathematical relationship in step 1 is shown in fig. 2:
definitions A, B, C respectively indicate LED beads 501 arranged on the LED display sphere 5, each LED bead 501 having a size of d × d, d1Represents the central chord length d of two adjacent LED lamp beads 501A and B along the direction of the spherical surface latitude line2Represents the central chord length of two adjacent LED lamp beads 501B and C along the meridian direction of the spherical surface, wherein O is the spherical center, R is the radius of the spherical screen and is also equal to the distance from the spherical center to each LED lamp bead 501 on the spherical surface, and R is1And r2The distance from the sphere center to the line segment AB and the distance from the sphere center to the line segment BC, respectively, where α = AOB and β = BOC are defined as spatial resolution angles.
The visual spatial resolution of the human eye refers to the ability of the human eye to distinguish details of an observed object, and is quantified by the ability to distinguish two points or two lines, and specifically can be measured by using a spatial resolution angle. In the invention, each LED lamp bead 501 is defined as an image pixel to be displayed, in order to ensure that an observer has no obvious pixel granular sensation when observing a displayed image, namely, the human eye cannot distinguish each LED lamp bead 501, the invention adopts the spatial resolution to quantitatively measure the visual spatial resolution capability of the human eye, and the spatial resolution capability is defined as the size of a spatial resolution angle between two adjacent pixels in space, the unit is arc minutes per pixel (arcmin/pix), the smaller the value is, the better the value is, the distribution of human eye photosensitive cells and the defects of the human eye photosensitive cells are considered, and when the spatial resolution is less than 2arcmin/pix, the image pixels observed by the human eye are integrated, namely, the pixel granules cannot be distinguished.
In practical application, the radius of the spherical curtain is far greater than the distance between two adjacent LED lamp beads 501, so that the distance d can be obtained1Approximately represents the arc length of the central points of two beads AB, and d2The arc length of the central points of the two beads of BC is approximately represented, and the spatial resolution angles alpha and beta can be calculated firstly.
Thereby obtaining the spatial resolution of the weft direction
And longitude spatial resolution
Comprises the following steps:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
and
respectively representing the pixel points corresponding to the spatial resolution angles alpha and beta, if the pixel points correspond to two adjacent pixel points, then
。
Considering that the LED display surface is first processed on a planar basis and then deformed and spliced into a spherical surface, a gap, i.e. d, must be reserved between two adjacent LED beads 5011＞d，d2D, in practice, set
Better effect can be obtained.
Unite vertical (1) and (2), can obtain spatial resolution and the mathematical equation of LED lamp pearl 501 interval (pixel interval) and spherical curtain radius (viewing distance), as follows:
in practical application, generally, the radius (viewing distance) of the spherical screen can be determined firstly, the spatial resolution can be pre-designed according to 2arcmin/pix, the spatial resolution is in direct proportion to the distance between the LED lamp beads 501, if a better viewing effect is needed, the spatial resolution can be reduced by reducing the distance between the LED lamp beads 501, and the size of the LED lamp beads 501 is determined after the distance between the LED lamp beads 501 is determined. Examples of designs are as follows:
given that the radius R =3500mm of the spherical screen, the LED lamp beads 501 are uniformly arranged along the longitude and latitude lines at equal intervals, namely d1=d2Simultaneously take out
Can be calculated from the formula (3)
At this time, it is selected
The size of the LED lamp bead 501. If a better display effect is required, the spatial resolution is reduced, and
can be calculated from the formula (3)
At this time, it is selected
A size LED bead 501.
Mapping each LED lamp bead 501 as a pixel of an image to be displayed, wherein the whole spherical image has a large resolution when the LED lamp beads 501 are arranged on the whole spherical surface to display the image, and the large resolution brings great pressure to an image generation device and image transmission, in order to solve the problem, the invention firstly performs region division on the whole spherical image according to the top, the side and the bottom, each divided region has a unique angle of view parameter on the spherical surface, the image generation device generates a corresponding rectangular video image according to the angle of view parameter of each region and outputs the rectangular video image in a multi-channel video image mode, a graphic processing device also performs real-time correction on the rectangular video image of each channel into an arc according to the angle of view parameter of each region, and finally an LED driving device of each region maps the arc video image corrected by the corresponding channel to each LED lamp bead 501 according to the pixel, and the video image display of the full sphere is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 5,6 and 7, the area division is divided according to a top area 1, a bottom area 2 and a side area 3, and the specific steps are as follows: the top area 1 and the bottom area 2 are arc surfaces, so that the horizontal view field of the top area 1 is equal to the vertical view field of the top area
Bottom region 2 horizontal field of view equals vertical field of view equals
。
When the image generation device generates a top image and a bottom image, pitch angle parameters are added for distinguishing, the pitch angle of a top area 1 is 90 degrees, the pitch angle of a bottom area 2 is-90 degrees, or the pitch angle of the top area 1 is 0 degree, the pitch angle of the bottom area 2 is-180 degrees, or the pitch angle of the top area 1 is 180 degrees, the pitch angle of the bottom area 2 is 0 degree, and the like.
The top region 1 and the bottom region 2 are of the same or different shape and size, i.e.
Or
。
The lateral area 3 is in turn formed by a plurality of sub-areas: 31. the first sub-region, 32, the second sub-region, 33, the third sub-region, 34, the fourth sub-region … … are spliced into the ith sub-region 3i, and the total number of the sub-regions n satisfies n% 2=1 or n/2%2=1 (the remainder of n to 2 is equal to 1 or the remainder of n to 2 is equal to 1). I.e. sub-region n is odd or n/2 is odd, such as n =1,3,5,6,7,9, 10.
Each sub-region of the side region 3 has a horizontal field angle of
(i =1,2,3 … n) and an upper field angle of vertical field angle of view of
With a lower field angle of
。
The horizontal angles of view of the plurality of subregions may be the same or different, and the upper angles of view and the lower angles of view of the plurality of subregions may be the same or different.
The lateral zones 3 are symmetrical up and down with respect to the equator 40, i.e. they are symmetrical
Or the longitudinal midpoints of the side regions 3 are higher than the equator 40, i.e.
Or the longitudinal midpoints of the side regions 3 are lower than the equator 40, i.e.
。
When the image generation device generates the side sub-region image, the yaw angle parameter is increased to distinguish, and if the first sub-region 31 is a yaw angle of 0 degree, the yaw angle of the ith sub-region 3i is a yaw angle
，（i=1,2,3…,n）。
The LED lamp beads 501 in the top region 1 and the bottom region 2 are distributed to spread radially outward with the north pole 101 or the south pole 201 as the center.
The LED lamp beads 501 of the side area 3 are distributed at equal intervals along the spherical longitude line or distributed at equal intervals along the spherical latitude line direction or distributed at equal intervals along the longitude and latitude line direction, or the LED lamp beads 501 of the side area 3 are distributed at unequal intervals along the spherical longitude line or distributed at unequal intervals along the spherical latitude line direction or distributed at unequal intervals along the longitude and latitude line direction,
the upper edge LED lamp beads 501 of the side area 3 and the outermost ring LED lamp beads 501 of the top area 1 are aligned or arranged at equal intervals or unequal intervals along the direction of spherical meridian, and the lower edge LED lamp beads 501 of the side area 3 and the outermost ring LED lamp beads 501 of the bottom area 2 are aligned or arranged at equal intervals or unequal intervals along the direction of spherical meridian.
Verification example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the following are marked: 1. the LED display screen comprises a top area, 101, a north pole, 2, a bottom area, 201, a south pole, 3, a side area, 31, a first sub-area, 32, a second sub-area, 33, a third sub-area, 34, a fourth sub-area, 3i, an ith sub-area, 40, an equator line, 5, an LED display sphere, 501 and an LED lamp bead.
1) The radius of the spherical screen is 3500 mm.
2) According to a mathematical formula, the radius R =3500mm of the known spherical screen is that the LED lamp beads are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the longitude and latitude lines, namely
Simultaneously take out
Can be calculated from the formula (3)
At this time, it is selected
The LED lamp bead with the size can be obtained.
3) Dividing the top, bottom and side regions, wherein the side is divided into 6 regions according to the same horizontal angle of view, so that each region has a horizontal angle of view
。
4) The top and bottom regions are designed with a 40 deg. field of view and the side regions all have equal vertical field of view, i.e. 140 deg..
5) The design side surface region is symmetrical about the equator, the upper and lower field angles are equal,
。
6) therefore, the image generation device needs to generate video images of 8 channels, which are respectively the top 1 area, the bottom 1 area and the side 6 area, and only two sets of parameters are needed for generating the images, namely 1 set of parameters is the same view angle parameters of the top and the bottom, and 1 set of parameters is the view angle parameters applicable to all the side areas. Wherein the pitch angle of the top image is 90 degrees, and the pitch angle of the bottom image is-90 degrees. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-regions 3i are 0 °, 60 °, 120 °, 180 °, 240 °, 300 °, respectively.
7) The graphics processing apparatus also needs to process video images of 8 channels, which are respectively 1 top region, 1 bottom region and 6 side regions, and the graphics processing also only needs two sets of parameters, that is, 1 set is the same view angle parameter for the top and the bottom, and 1 set is the view angle parameter suitable for all the side regions. Wherein the pitch angle of the top image is 90 degrees, and the pitch angle of the bottom image is-90 degrees. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-regions 3i are 0 °, 60 °, 120 °, 180 °, 240 °, 300 °, respectively.
8) Each area is provided with a set of LED driving device which respectively and independently drives the LED lamp beads according to the transmitted channel video images, and finally, the continuous video images displayed on the whole spherical surface are realized.
Verification example 2:
1) the radius of the spherical screen is 3500 mm.
2) According to a mathematical formula, the radius R =3500mm of the known spherical screen, and the LED lamp beads are equally spaced along the longitude and latitude linesAre uniformly spaced, i.e.
For better display effect, reducing spatial resolution, take
Can be calculated from the formula (3)
At this time, it is selected
LED lamp pearl of size.
3) Dividing the top, bottom and side regions, wherein the side is divided into 6 regions according to the same horizontal angle of view, so that each region has a horizontal angle of view
。
4) The top and bottom regions are designed with a 40 deg. field of view and the side regions all have equal vertical field of view, i.e. 140 deg..
5) The design side surface region is symmetrical about the equator, the upper and lower field angles are equal,
。
6) therefore, the image generation device needs to generate video images of 8 channels, which are respectively the top 1 area, the bottom 1 area and the side 6 area, and only two sets of parameters are needed for generating the images, namely 1 set of parameters is the same view angle parameters of the top and the bottom, and 1 set of parameters is the view angle parameters applicable to all the side areas. Wherein the pitch angle of the top image is 90 degrees, and the pitch angle of the bottom image is-90 degrees. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-regions 3i are 0 °, 60 °, 120 °, 180 °, 240 °, 300 °, respectively.
7) The graphics processing apparatus also needs to process video images of 8 channels, which are respectively 1 top region, 1 bottom region and 6 side regions, and the graphics processing also only needs two sets of parameters, that is, 1 set is the same view angle parameter for the top and the bottom, and 1 set is the view angle parameter suitable for all the side regions. Wherein the pitch angle of the top image is 90 degrees, and the pitch angle of the bottom image is-90 degrees. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-regions 3i are 0 °, 60 °, 120 °, 180 °, 240 °, 300 °, respectively.
8) Each area is provided with a set of LED driving device which respectively and independently drives the LED lamp beads according to the transmitted channel video images, and finally, the continuous video images displayed on the whole spherical surface are realized.
Verification example 3:
1) the radius of the spherical screen is 3500 mm.
2) According to a mathematical formula, the radius R =3500mm of the known spherical screen is that the LED lamp beads are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the longitude and latitude lines, namely
For better display effect, reducing spatial resolution, take
Can be calculated from the formula (3)
At this time, it is selected
LED lamp pearl of size.
3) For a smaller number of drive channels, the top, bottom and side areas are divided, wherein the side is divided into 5 areas with the same horizontal field angle, so that each area has a horizontal field angle
。
4) The top and bottom regions are designed with a 40 deg. field of view and the side regions all have equal vertical field of view, i.e. 140 deg..
5) The design side surface region is symmetrical about the equator, the upper and lower field angles are equal,
。
6) therefore, the image generation device needs to generate 7 channels of video images, which are respectively the top 1 area, the bottom 1 area and the side 5 area, and only two sets of parameters are needed for generating the images, namely 1 set of parameters is the same view angle parameters of the top and the bottom, and 1 set of parameters is the view angle parameters applicable to all the side areas. Wherein the pitch angle of the top image is 90 degrees, and the pitch angle of the bottom image is-90 degrees. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-region 3i are 0 °, 72 °, 144 °, 216 °, 288 °, respectively.
7) The graphics processing apparatus also needs to process video images of 7 channels, which are respectively 1 top region, 1 bottom region and 5 side regions, and the graphics processing also only needs two sets of parameters, that is, 1 set is the same view angle parameter for the top and the bottom, and 1 set is the view angle parameter suitable for all the side regions. Wherein the pitch angle of the top image is 90 degrees, and the pitch angle of the bottom image is-90 degrees. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-region 3i are 0 °, 72 °, 144 °, 216 °, 288 °, respectively.
8) Each area is provided with a set of LED driving device which respectively and independently drives the LED lamp beads according to the transmitted channel video images, and finally, the continuous video images displayed on the whole spherical surface are realized.
Verification example 4:
1) the radius of the spherical screen is 3500 mm.
2) According to a mathematical formula, the radius R =3500mm of the known spherical screen is that the LED lamp beads are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the longitude and latitude lines, namely
For better display effect, reducing spatial resolution, take
Can be calculated from the formula (3)
At this time, it is selected
LED lamp pearl of size.
3) For a smaller number of drive channels, the top, bottom and side areas are divided, wherein the side is divided into 5 areas with the same horizontal field angle, so that each area has a horizontal field angle
。
4) The top area is designed with a 30 deg. viewing angle and the bottom display area is eliminated and all vertical viewing angles of the side areas are equal and equal to 150 deg..
5) The design side area has an upper field angle greater than a lower field angle,
。
6) therefore, the image generation device needs to generate video images of 6 channels, which are respectively the top 1 area and the side 5 area, and only two sets of parameters are needed for generating the images, namely 1 set of parameters is the top angle of view parameters, and 1 set of parameters is the angle of view parameters applicable to all the side areas. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-region 3i are 0 °, 72 °, 144 °, 216 °, 288 °, respectively.
7) The graphics processing apparatus also needs to process video images of 6 channels, which are respectively 1 top area and 5 side areas, and the graphics processing also only needs two sets of parameters, namely 1 set of parameters is a top field angle parameter, and 1 set of parameters is a field angle parameter suitable for all the side areas. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-regions 3i are 0 °, 72 °, 144 °, 216 °, 288 °, respectively.
8) Each area is provided with a set of LED driving device which respectively and independently drives the LED lamp beads according to the transmitted channel video images, and finally, the continuous video images displayed on the whole spherical surface are realized.
Verification example 5:
1) the radius of the spherical screen is 3500 mm.
2) According to a mathematical formula, the radius R =3500mm of the known spherical screen is that the LED lamp beads are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the longitude and latitude lines, namely
For better display effect, reducing spatial resolution, take
Can be calculated from the formula (3)
At this time, it is selected
LED lamp pearl of size.
3) For a smaller number of drive channels, the top, bottom and side areas are divided, wherein the side is divided into 5 areas with the same horizontal field angle, so that each area has a horizontal field angle
。
4) The top area is designed with a 50 deg. viewing angle and the bottom display area is eliminated and all vertical viewing angles of the side areas are equal and equal to 150 deg..
5) The design side area upper field angle is smaller than the lower field angle,
。
6) therefore, the image generation device needs to generate video images of 6 channels, which are respectively the top 1 area and the side 5 area, and only two sets of parameters are needed for generating the images, namely 1 set of parameters is the top angle of view parameters, and 1 set of parameters is the angle of view parameters applicable to all the side areas. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-region 3i are 0 °, 72 °, 144 °, 216 °, 288 °, respectively.
7) The graphics processing apparatus also needs to process video images of 6 channels, which are respectively 1 top area and 5 side areas, and the graphics processing also only needs two sets of parameters, namely 1 set of parameters is a top field angle parameter, and 1 set of parameters is a field angle parameter suitable for all the side areas. The yaw angles of the images of the side sub-regions 3i are 0 °, 72 °, 144 °, 216 °, 288 °, respectively.
8) Each area is provided with a set of LED driving device which respectively and independently drives the LED lamp beads according to the transmitted channel video images, and finally, the continuous video images displayed on the whole spherical surface are realized.
Claims (10)
1. A display method of an LED spherical screen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, establishing mathematical relations among the size, the distance, the arrangement mode and the size of a ball screen of the LED lamp beads (501) which meet the visual spatial resolution of human eyes, wherein the mathematical relations are as follows:
definitions A, B, C respectively represent LED lamp beads (501) arranged on an LED display spherical surface (5), the size of each LED lamp bead (501) is d x d, and d represents the side length of each LED lamp bead (501); d1The center chord lengths of two adjacent LED lamp beads (501) A and B along the direction of the latitude line of the LED display spherical surface (5) are represented; d2The central chord length of two adjacent LED lamp beads (501) B and C along the meridian direction of the LED display spherical surface (5) is represented; o is the sphere center of the LED spherical screen; r is the radius of the LED spherical screen and is also equal to the distance from the center of the sphere to each LED lamp bead (501) on the spherical surface; r is1And r2Respectively the distance from the sphere center to the line segment AB and the distance from the sphere center to the line segment BC, wherein alpha = AOB and beta = BOC are defined as spatial resolution angles; obtaining the spatial resolution of the weft direction according to the spatial resolution angle
And longitude spatial resolution
(ii) a Finally, a mathematical equation of the spatial resolution, the distance between the LED lamp beads (501) and the radius of the spherical screen is obtained;
step 2, mapping each LED lamp bead (501) as a pixel of an image to be displayed, and continuously arranging the pixels on the inner surface of the spherical surface along the longitude and latitude lines of the spherical surface;
step 3, dividing the whole spherical surface into a plurality of areas according to the top, the bottom and the side surfaces;
step 4, the image generation device generates a rectangular video image according to the field angle parameters of the top, bottom and side areas (3) on the spherical surface;
step 5, the graphics processing device corrects the rectangular video image into an arc video image;
and 6, the LED driving device maps the arc video images to the LED lamp beads (501) according to pixels, so that the continuous video images are displayed on the whole spherical surface.
2. The method for displaying an LED spherical screen according to claim 1, wherein: the human eye visual space resolution refers to the ability of human eyes to distinguish details of an observed object, and the human eye visual space resolution is quantitatively measured by adopting the spatial resolution.
3. The method for displaying an LED spherical screen according to claim 2, wherein: the spatial resolution is measured by using a spatial resolution angle, and is defined as the size of the spatial resolution angle between two adjacent LED lamp beads (501), the unit is arc minutes per pixel arcmin/pix, and the spatial resolution is less than 2 arcmin/pix.
4. The method for displaying an LED spherical screen according to claim 3, wherein: in step 1, the spatial resolution angle α and the spatial resolution angle β are calculated by the following formula:
5. the method for displaying an LED spherical screen according to claim 4, wherein: in step 1, obtaining the spatial resolution of the weft direction according to the spatial resolution angle
And longitude spatial resolution
Comprises the following steps:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
and
respectively representing the pixel points corresponding to the spatial resolution angle alpha and the spatial resolution angle beta, if the pixel points correspond to two adjacent pixel points, then
。
6. The method for displaying an LED spherical screen according to claim 5, wherein: in the step 1, a gap is reserved between two adjacent LED lamp beads (501), and the central chord length d of the two adjacent LED lamp beads (501) A and B along the direction of the spherical weft line1The length d of the LED lamp beads (501) is greater than the central chord length d of two adjacent LED lamp beads (501) B and C along the meridian direction of the spherical surface2The side length d of the LED lamp bead (501) is larger than.
7. The method for displaying an LED spherical screen according to claim 6, wherein: is provided with
。
8. The method for displaying an LED spherical screen according to claim 5, wherein: in the step 1, the mathematical equation of the spatial resolution, the distance between the LED lamp beads (501) and the radius of the spherical screen is obtained by: united vertical (1) and (2) obtain spatial resolution and LED lamp pearl (501) interval and the radial mathematical equation of spherical screen, as follows:
9. the method for displaying an LED spherical screen according to claim 1, wherein: step 3, dividing the whole LED display spherical surface (5) into a plurality of areas according to the top, the bottom and the side surfaces, wherein the areas are as follows:
dividing the top area (1) and the bottom area (2) into arc surfaces, and defining the horizontal view field of the top area (1) to be equal to the vertical view field
The bottom area (2) horizontal field of view is equal to the vertical field of view
；
Dividing a plurality of side areas (3), wherein the side areas (3) are formed by splicing a plurality of sub-areas, and the total number n of the sub-areas meets the condition that n is an odd number or n/2 is an odd number;
each subregion of the lateral surface region (3) has a horizontal field angle of
(i =1,2,3 … n) and an upper field angle of vertical field angle of view of
With a lower field angle of
；
The side areas (3) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the equator, or the longitudinal middle points of the side areas (3) are higher than the equator, or the longitudinal middle points of the side areas (3) are lower than the equator.
10. According to claimThe display method of the LED spherical screen according to claim 1, wherein: when the image generation device generates a top image and a bottom image, pitch angle parameters are added for distinguishing, the pitch angle of a top area (1) is 90 degrees, the pitch angle of a bottom area (2) is-90 degrees, or the pitch angle of the top area (1) is 0 degree, the pitch angle of the bottom area (2) is-180 degrees, or the pitch angle of the top area (1) is 180 degrees, and the pitch angle of the bottom area (2) is 0 degree; when the image generation device generates the side sub-region image, the yaw angle parameter is increased to distinguish, and if the first sub-region is a yaw angle of 0 degree, the yaw angle of the ith sub-region is
，（i=1,2,3…,n）。
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Inventor after: Xie Jun Inventor after: Wang Jimin Inventor after: Zeng Yixiong Inventor after: Wang Wanqin Inventor before: Xie Jun Inventor before: Wang Jimin Inventor before: He Weidong Inventor before: Zeng Yixiong Inventor before: Wang Wanqin |