CN113074927B - Comprehensive basic test device and test method for fuel nozzle atomization characteristics - Google Patents
Comprehensive basic test device and test method for fuel nozzle atomization characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN113074927B CN113074927B CN202110358609.6A CN202110358609A CN113074927B CN 113074927 B CN113074927 B CN 113074927B CN 202110358609 A CN202110358609 A CN 202110358609A CN 113074927 B CN113074927 B CN 113074927B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
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Abstract
The utility model provides a basic test device is synthesized to fuel nozzle atomizing characteristic, includes: the fuel supply unit is used for supplying stable fuel to the nozzle to be tested; the air supply unit is used for supplying stable air to the nozzle to be tested; the atomization characteristic measuring table is used for spraying the nozzle to be tested; and the optical test unit is used for acquiring the fuel atomization characteristic information of the nozzle to be tested during atomization. The measurement of the atomization effect parameters of various fuel nozzles is realized, including a pressure atomization nozzle, a pre-film type air atomization nozzle and the like; the measurement of the omnibearing atomization effect parameters of the nozzles is completed on the same comprehensive test bed; the high-precision and high-reliability measurement of the atomization characteristic of the fuel nozzle is realized, and the evaluation requirement of the combined use effect of the nozzle and the swirler can be met. The disclosure also provides a comprehensive basic test method for the atomization characteristic of the fuel nozzle.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of fuel nozzle tests, in particular to a comprehensive basic test device and a test method for atomization characteristics of a fuel nozzle.
Background
The fuel nozzle is a key component of an aircraft engine, and the function of the fuel nozzle can be explained from two angles of macroscopic integration and local subtlety: from the perspective of macroscopic integration, the fuel nozzle is a key execution component in an engine fuel supply system, the flow coefficient of the nozzle influences the flow of a propellant sprayed into a combustion chamber, and further influences the fuel-air ratio and the combustion process of fuel and combustion air, so that the performance parameters of the engine such as power, temperature rise level and thrust are influenced; from a local fine perspective, the fuel nozzle mainly functions to atomize fuel oil, promote mixing of the fuel oil and air and formation of combustible mixed gas, the atomization performance of the nozzle directly influences the particle size and spatial distribution of the fuel oil, and further influences the uniformity and local combustion intensity of mixing of the fuel oil and the air, so that the combustion efficiency, turbine inlet temperature distribution, unit power oil consumption and exhaust pollutant levels (such as CO and NO) of an engine are influenced x ) And the like cause important influences. Therefore, in the manufacturing and operation maintenance work of the fuel nozzle, the inspection and the test of the flow rate, the atomization cone angle, the distribution unevenness and the atomization particle size of the fuel nozzle are important.
On the aircraft engines of the mature models, a considerable part of fuel nozzles are air-assisted atomizing nozzles and need to be matched with an air swirler for use. In addition, in the development trend, the combustion chamber of the civil aviation engine is mainly developed towards the direction of low pollution and low emission; military aircraft engines are developing towards high temperature rise, wide combustion boundaries. The main approach is to enhance the fuel-air mixing within the nozzle and at the head of the combustion chamber to form a kerosene-air lean premixed charge that is as homogeneous as possible prior to the ignition combustion, and therefore many of the premixing nozzles that are newly designed are manufactured by combining the fuel injection structure and the air swirler together as a single unit. However, the existing fuel nozzle test bench has the following defects:
in a host model factory, a part of factories which undertake aviation fuel nozzle processing are old flow measurement test beds in the last century, and the flow measurement test beds are low-end and open-type, the test precision of the test beds is low, the test beds are not closed, aviation kerosene is easy to evaporate into the air to pollute the environment, and the physical health of operators is also damaged.
Most of experiment tables can only measure the flow characteristic of the fuel nozzle to obtain a curve between the nozzle flow and the fuel supply pressure, and then calculate the flow coefficient of the nozzle; the atomization effect on the nozzle cannot be achieved: parameters such as spray particle size, atomization cone angle, distribution unevenness and the like are measured; or the measurement of all the parameters can not be completed on the same comprehensive test bed, and the separation and repeated construction of the test bed cause waste of resources.
Most fuel nozzle test benches cannot meet the measurement requirement at present, the fuel nozzles are usually considered and measured only as a single individual, and the effect of the air swirler cannot be fully evaluated. Good nozzle design is not only in the fuel nozzle itself, but also critically in the synergistic effect of the nozzle in combination with the swirler.
Therefore, how to realize the high-precision and high-reliability measurement of the flow and the atomization characteristics of the fuel nozzle through a set of novel fuel nozzle comprehensive test bed with high-precision control, and the evaluation requirement of the combined use effect of the nozzle and the swirler is a technical subject which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Based on the problems, the disclosure provides a comprehensive basic test device and a comprehensive basic test method for the atomization characteristic of a fuel nozzle, so as to relieve the technical problems of large pollution, low measurement precision, poor reliability and the like of fuel nozzle atomization characteristic acquisition equipment in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
The utility model provides a basic test device is synthesized to fuel nozzle atomizing characteristic, includes:
the fuel supply unit is used for supplying stable fuel to the nozzle to be tested;
the air supply unit is used for supplying stable air to the nozzle to be tested;
the atomization characteristic measuring table is used for spraying the nozzle to be tested;
and the optical test unit is used for acquiring the fuel atomization characteristic information of the nozzle to be tested during atomization.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fogging property measurement table includes:
a base;
the glass atomization chamber is arranged on the base and used for sealing the periphery and recycling fuel oil when the nozzle to be tested performs spraying operation;
and the nozzle clamping mechanism is arranged in the glass atomizing chamber and is used for clamping and adjusting the position of the fuel nozzle.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the glass atomization chamber includes:
the center of the bottom plate is provided with a suction and exhaust air port higher than the plane of the bottom plate;
the oil leakage hole is arranged on the bottom plate around the pumping and exhausting port;
and the isolation plate is arranged above the suction and exhaust air inlet and used for preventing the oil mist from being directly pumped away when the air is exhausted to influence an atomization field.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the atomization characteristic measurement table further includes:
the exhaust system is connected with the suction and exhaust air port and is used for exhausting oil mist in the glass atomization chamber; and
and the residual oil collecting cavity is connected with the oil leakage hole and used for recovering residual oil and conveying the residual oil to the oil supply unit after the residual oil is treated.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the nozzle clamping mechanism includes:
a nozzle mounting plate for mounting the nozzle;
the vertical displacement mechanism is fixedly connected with the nozzle mounting plate and is fixed on a sliding block of the horizontal displacement mechanism;
and the horizontal displacement mechanism is fixedly connected with the vertical displacement mechanism, and the horizontal displacement mechanism is arranged at the top of the glass atomization chamber.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical test unit includes:
the high-speed camera is used for capturing the atomization and crushing processes of oil drops;
the laser particle analyzer is used for acquiring the particle size of oil drops in the oil mist;
the tracer particle velocimeter is used for acquiring the velocity distribution of the oil drops in the glass atomization chamber; and
and the laser-induced fluorescence measuring equipment is used for collecting the spatial concentration distribution of the oil drops in the glass atomization chamber.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the oil supply unit includes:
the main oil way oil supply system and the auxiliary oil way oil supply system;
main oil circuit oil feeding system and vice oil circuit oil feeding system all include: the oil tank, the first-stage oil filter, the oil pump motor assembly, the second-stage oil filter, the oil supply electromagnetic valve, the oil supply flow regulating valve, the high-precision flowmeter, the energy accumulator and the fuel output interface are sequentially communicated through oil pipes.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the gas supply unit includes: the air compressor, the air storage tank, the dryer, the precision air filter, the pressure reducing valve, the flow regulating valve, the air heater, the flowmeter, the rectifying device and the air source flange interface are connected in sequence by pipelines;
the air compressor is a screw type or a piston type;
the dryer is one or a combination device of a freezing dryer and an adsorption dryer;
the gas storage tank is connected with a pressure gauge;
the flow regulating valve is an electric regulating valve;
the flowmeter is a vortex shedding flowmeter, a thermal flowmeter or a Coriolis flowmeter;
and the rectifying device is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
The present disclosure also provides a fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive foundation test method, which is based on the fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive foundation test device to perform a fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive foundation test, and the method includes:
operation S1: fixing a nozzle and a swirler on a nozzle mounting plate, then connecting a fuel nozzle with a fuel output interface through an oil pipe, and connecting the swirler with an air source flange interface through an air pipe;
operation S2: turning on a power switch of the laser particle analyzer, adjusting the positions and heights of the laser transmitter and the laser receiver to enable the laser transmitter and the laser receiver to be on the same horizontal straight line, and then adjusting the horizontal displacement mechanism to enable the central axis of the outlet of the nozzle to just penetrate through the laser beam, wherein the laser transmitter and the laser receiver form an orthogonal relation;
operation S3: opening an air supply system and an oil supply system, opening an oil return electromagnetic valve and an oil supply electromagnetic valve, starting an oil pump, and controlling an oil return flow regulating valve to be between set opening degrees;
operation S4: adjusting a flow regulating valve on an air supply system, and simultaneously observing the readings of a flowmeter or a pressure sensor until reaching an air target flow value or a target pressure value; adjusting a fuel supply flow regulating valve and an oil pump motor frequency converter on the fuel supply system until a set flow value or a set pressure value of the fuel is reached;
operation S5: starting an exhaust system on the atomization characteristic measuring table, and enabling the pumping exhaust air quantity to be matched with the oil gas quantity sprayed out by the nozzle and the swirler by adjusting the fan; starting an oil pump motor on the residual oil collecting pipeline to recover residual oil;
operation S6: and opening each optical test system, and measuring and recording the oil mist particle size, the oil mist velocity field, the spatial distribution of oil mist droplets and the crushing process of the fuel droplets.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the method for the comprehensive basic test of the atomization characteristic of the fuel nozzle further comprises the following steps:
operation S7: and (5) replacing different fuel nozzles and swirler structures, changing air and fuel parameters at the nozzle inlet, and then performing the operation S1 to the operation S6.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the comprehensive basic test device and the test method for the atomization characteristic of the fuel nozzle have at least one or one part of the following beneficial effects:
(1) The measurement of the atomization effect parameters of various fuel nozzles is realized, including a pressure atomization nozzle, a pre-film type air atomization nozzle and the like;
(2) The measurement of the omnibearing atomization effect parameters of the nozzles is completed on the same comprehensive test bed; and
(3) The high-precision and high-reliability measurement of the atomization characteristic of the fuel nozzle is realized, and the evaluation requirement of the combined use effect of the nozzle and the swirler can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a comprehensive basic test device for atomization characteristics of a fuel nozzle in an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an atomization characteristic measuring table of the fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test device in the embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for a comprehensive basic test method of fuel nozzle atomization characteristics according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a comprehensive basic test device for the atomization characteristic of a fuel nozzle, which realizes the measurement of the atomization effect parameter of the fuel nozzle; the device realizes the measurement of all atomization effect parameters on the same comprehensive test bed, and can overcome the main defects and shortcomings of the existing oil nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test device.
In the process of implementing the present disclosure, the inventor finds that in order to evaluate the atomization performance of the nozzle, a test stand is required which can supply fuel oil and air, and is also required to be provided with corresponding laser diagnosis means, such as a laser particle sizer, a PIV (particle velocity indicator), and a PLIF (laser induced fluorescence measurement device). Laser particle sizers are used to obtain the particle size of the fuel spray, PIV is used to obtain the velocity distribution of the spray droplets, and PLIF is used to obtain the spatial distribution of the spray droplets. On the contrary, through an atomization characteristic experiment, atomization characteristics such as a droplet breaking mechanism and particle size distribution of a fuel liquid film are analyzed and obtained, the influence rule of structural parameters of the nozzle and the swirler, oil supply pressure, air inlet conditions and the like on the atomization characteristics is mastered, and guidance can be provided for engineering design and iterative optimization of the nozzle. Therefore, the comprehensive basic test bed and the test method for the fuel nozzle flow and atomization characteristics are reasonable in structural design, adjustable in fuel injection starting pressure, variable in air intake parameters, strong in universality, high in test accuracy and comprehensive in measured parameters, and are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
For the purpose of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a comprehensive basic test device for atomization characteristics of a fuel nozzle is provided, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the device includes: the fuel supply unit is used for supplying stable fuel to the nozzle to be tested; the air supply unit is used for supplying stable air to the nozzle to be tested; the atomization characteristic measuring table is used for spraying the nozzle to be tested; and the optical test unit is used for acquiring the fuel atomization characteristic information of the nozzle to be tested during atomization.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fogging property measurement table includes: a base 3; the glass atomization chamber 2 is arranged on the base 3 and used for sealing the periphery and recycling fuel oil when the nozzle to be tested performs atomization operation; and the nozzle clamping mechanism 1 is arranged on the glass atomizing chamber 2 and is used for clamping and adjusting the position of the fuel nozzle.
In the disclosed embodiment, the glass atomization chamber 2 includes: the center of the bottom plate is provided with a suction and exhaust air port higher than the plane of the bottom plate; the oil leakage hole is arranged on the bottom plate around the pumping and exhausting air port; and the isolation plate is arranged above the suction and exhaust air port and used for preventing the oil mist from being directly pumped away to influence an atomization field during air exhaust.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the atomization characteristic measurement table further includes: the exhaust system 4 is connected with the suction and exhaust air port and is used for exhausting oil mist in the glass atomization chamber 2; and the residual oil collecting cavity is connected with the oil leakage hole and is used for recovering residual oil and conveying the residual oil to the oil supply unit after the residual oil is treated.
In the disclosed embodiment, the nozzle clamping mechanism 1 includes: a nozzle mounting plate for mounting the nozzle; the vertical displacement mechanism is fixedly connected with the nozzle mounting plate and is fixed on a sliding block of the horizontal displacement mechanism; and the horizontal displacement mechanism is fixedly connected with the vertical displacement mechanism, and the horizontal displacement mechanism is arranged at the top of the glass atomization chamber 2.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical test unit includes: the high-speed camera is used for capturing the atomization and crushing processes of oil drops; the laser particle analyzer is used for acquiring the particle size of oil drops in the oil mist; the tracer particle velocimeter is used for acquiring the velocity distribution of the oil drops in the glass atomization chamber 2; and the laser-induced fluorescence measuring equipment is used for collecting the spatial distribution of the oil drops in the glass atomization chamber 2.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the atomization characteristic measurement table includes a glass atomization chamber 2, a base 3, an exhaust system 4, and a nozzle holding mechanism 1, and the glass atomization chamber 2 is disposed on the base 3.
In the disclosed embodiment, the glass atomization chamber 2 is a square body having dimensions of 1000mm (length) x 800mm (width) x 700mm (height); high-white light-transmitting tempered glass is arranged on four side surfaces of the glass atomization chamber 2; the top of the glass atomization chamber 2 is provided with an open operation surface of at least 350mm multiplied by 500mm for installing a nozzle;
in the embodiment of the disclosure, the bottom plate of the glass atomization chamber 2 is made of a stainless steel plate material with the thickness not less than 1mm, the center of the bottom plate is provided with a suction and exhaust air inlet, and the diameter of the suction and exhaust air inlet is not less than 200mm.
Further, the lower end of the suction and exhaust air inlet is connected with the exhaust system 4.
Furthermore, a circle of oil leakage holes are uniformly formed in the bottom plate of the glass atomizing chamber 2 around the suction and exhaust air port, the diameter of each oil leakage hole is not less than 30mm, and the number of the oil leakage holes is not less than 10.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the upper part of the suction and exhaust port is provided with an oil mist isolation plate, the oil mist isolation plate is used for preventing oil mist from being directly sucked away by a fan to influence an atomization field, the distance between the oil mist isolation plate and the suction and exhaust port is 50-100 mm, and the size of the oil mist isolation plate is not less than 350 × 350mm.
Furthermore, the side wall of the suction and exhaust air port is 5-20 mm higher than the oil leakage hole (or the bottom plate of the glass atomization chamber 2).
Further, a honeycomb plate rectifying device is arranged inside the suction and exhaust air opening, and the thickness of the honeycomb plate is not less than 50mm.
Furthermore, a residual oil collecting cavity wrapping the oil leakage hole is arranged on the back of the bottom plate of the glass atomization chamber 2, and the residual oil collecting cavity is communicated with the oil tank of the oil supply unit through a residual oil recovery pipeline.
Further, the residual oil recovery pipeline comprises an oil filter assembly and an oil pump motor assembly.
Further, the base 3 is made of an aluminum profile, and preferably, the size thereof is 1000mm (length) x 800mm (width) x 700mm (height). The section size of the aluminum profile is not smaller than 40 x 40mm so as to meet the strength requirement.
Furthermore, four corners of the base 3 are provided with Fu horse wheels, and the Fu Ma Lunju has a locking function, so that the whole test bed is convenient to move and transport.
Further, the exhaust system 4 comprises an axial flow fan, a frequency conversion regulator, an exhaust pipe and a pipeline air door.
Furthermore, the axial flow fan has a frequency conversion function and performs anti-riot treatment.
In the disclosed embodiment, the nozzle clamping mechanism 1 includes a nozzle mounting plate, a horizontal displacement mechanism, and a vertical displacement mechanism. The nozzle mounting plate is fixed on the slide block of the vertical displacement mechanism, the vertical displacement mechanism is fixed on the slide block of the horizontal displacement mechanism, and the horizontal displacement mechanism is arranged on the top beam of the glass atomization chamber 2.
Further, the horizontal and vertical displacement mechanisms have two modes of manual and electric adjustment.
Further, the stroke of the horizontal displacement mechanism is not less than 200mm, and the control precision is 1mm; the stroke of the vertical displacement mechanism is not less than 300mm, and the control precision is 0.5mm.
Further, a mechanical scale is arranged on the displacement mechanism to indicate the spatial position of the nozzle.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the oil supply unit includes: the main oil way oil supply system and the auxiliary oil way oil supply system; main oil circuit oil feeding system and vice oil circuit oil feeding system all include: the oil tank, the first-stage oil filter, the oil pump motor assembly, the second-stage oil filter, the oil supply electromagnetic valve, the oil supply flow regulating valve, the high-precision flowmeter, the energy accumulator and the fuel output interface are sequentially communicated through oil pipes.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the oil supply unit includes: and the oil pump motor can set the oil supply of the flow rate through the rotation speed regulation of the oil pump motor.
Specifically, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the oil supply unit includes: the main oil way oil supply unit, the auxiliary oil way oil supply unit and the electric control cabinet.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the main oil path oil supply unit includes a main oil tank, a primary oil filter, an oil pump motor assembly, a secondary oil filter, an oil supply solenoid valve, an oil supply flow regulating valve, a high-precision flowmeter, an energy accumulator, and a fuel output interface, which are sequentially communicated through an oil pipe.
Further, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged upstream of the fuel output interface. The precision of the pressure sensor is not lower than 0.5 grade, and the measurement precision of the temperature sensor is within +/-1 ℃.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, a three-way pipe fitting and an oil return pipeline are further arranged on a connecting oil pipe between the oil pump motor assembly and the secondary oil filter, an oil return flow regulating valve and an oil return electromagnetic valve are arranged on the oil return pipeline, and the other end of the oil return pipeline is communicated with the main oil tank.
Further, the high-precision flowmeter can be a vortex shedding flowmeter or a Coriolis flowmeter, and the flowmeter precision is within +/-1.5%.
Further, the motor of the oil pump motor assembly is an explosion-proof variable-frequency motor, and the set rotating speed can be adjusted.
Furthermore, the first flow regulating valve and the second flow regulating valve are both pneumatic regulating valves, and the opening degree of the valves is controlled by 4-20 mA current.
Furthermore, the first-stage oil filter is a stainless steel mesh filter of 40-80 microns, the second-stage oil filter is a stainless steel mesh filter of 20-40 microns, and a differential pressure gauge is installed between an inlet and an outlet of the second-stage oil filter to display the blocking condition of the filtering device.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, in order to ensure the stable (0.1-10) MPa output pressure, an energy accumulator is configured, and the volume of the energy accumulator is not less than 5 liters.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration of the secondary oil path oil supply unit and the configuration of the primary oil path system may be the same or different, for example, the volume of the oil tank may be different, the motor power of the oil pump motor assembly may be different, and the range of the high-precision flowmeter may be different.
Furthermore, high liquid level sensors are arranged on the upper parts of the inner walls of the main oil tank and the auxiliary oil tank, and low liquid level sensors are arranged on the lower parts of the inner walls;
further, the fuel mediums of the main fuel tank and the auxiliary fuel tank can be the same or different, and preferably can be kerosene or diesel. Increasing the flexibility of the test.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the electrical control cabinet is provided with an industrial touch screen, and the industrial touch screen is connected with the oil pump motor, the electromagnetic valve, the flow regulating valve, the high-precision flowmeter, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor on the main oil path oil supply unit and the auxiliary oil path oil supply unit through a control line or a signal acquisition line. The control system can control the rotating speed, the switch and the opening of the oil pump motor, the electromagnetic valve and the flow regulating valve correspondingly, and can also acquire, display and store flow, pressure and temperature signals in real time.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, by setting a proper rotation speed of the oil pump motor, the pressure is adjusted by matching the oil supply flow regulating valve and the oil return flow regulating valve under the pressure maintaining effect of the energy accumulator, and the pressure value of the output fuel oil is obtained through the pressure sensor, so that the aviation kerosene is kept stable, and the pressure and flow parameters are output from the fuel oil output interface.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test device further includes: and the gas supply unit is connected with the nozzle mounting plate and is used for providing gas for the oil mist sprayed by the fuel nozzle.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the gas supply unit includes: and a swirler capable of causing the oil mist to be ejected from the fuel injection nozzle by a swirl of gas generated by the swirler.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the air supply unit includes an air compressor, an air storage tank, a dryer, a precision air filter, a pressure reducing valve, a flow regulating valve, an air heater, a flow meter, a rectifying device, and an air source flange interface, which are sequentially connected by a pipeline.
Further, the air compressor may be screw-type or piston-type.
Further, the dryer may be a freeze dryer or an adsorption dryer, or a combination of both.
Further, a pressure gauge is connected to the air storage tank.
Further, the flow control valve is an electric control valve.
Further, the flow meter may be a vortex shedding flow meter, a thermal flow meter, or a coriolis flow meter.
Further, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the rectifying device.
The method realizes high-precision and high-reliability measurement of the atomization characteristic of the fuel nozzle, and can meet the evaluation requirement of the combined use effect of the nozzle and the swirler.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, a method for a comprehensive basic test of atomization characteristics of a fuel nozzle is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:
starting an atomization characteristic measuring table, and spraying oil mist through a fuel nozzle;
and starting an optical testing unit to collect the atomization characteristic information of the oil mist.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for a comprehensive basic test of atomization characteristics of a fuel nozzle, as shown in fig. 3, includes:
operation S1: fixing a nozzle and a swirler on a nozzle mounting plate, then connecting a fuel nozzle with a fuel output interface through an oil pipe, and connecting the swirler with an air source flange interface through an air pipe;
operation S2: turning on a power switch of the laser particle analyzer, adjusting the positions and heights of the laser transmitter and the laser receiver to enable the laser transmitter and the laser receiver to be on the same horizontal straight line, and then adjusting the horizontal displacement mechanism to enable the central axis of the outlet of the nozzle to just penetrate through the laser beam, wherein the laser transmitter and the laser receiver form an orthogonal relation;
operation S3: opening the gas supply system and the oil supply system, opening the oil return electromagnetic valve and the oil supply electromagnetic valve, starting the oil pump, and controlling the oil return flow regulating valve to be between set opening degrees;
operation S4: adjusting a flow regulating valve on an air supply system, and simultaneously observing the readings of a flowmeter or a pressure sensor until reaching an air target flow value or a target pressure value; adjusting a fuel supply flow regulating valve and an oil pump motor frequency converter on the fuel supply system until a set flow value or a set pressure value of the fuel is reached;
operation S5: starting an exhaust system on the atomization characteristic measuring table, and enabling the pumping exhaust air quantity to be matched with the oil gas quantity sprayed out by the nozzle and the swirler by adjusting the fan; starting an oil pump motor on the residual oil collecting pipeline to recover residual oil;
operation S6: and opening each optical test system, and measuring and recording the oil mist particle size, the oil mist velocity field, the spatial distribution of oil mist droplets and the crushing process of the fuel droplets.
Operation S7: and (5) replacing different fuel nozzles and swirler structures, changing air and fuel parameters at the nozzle inlet, and then performing the operation S1 to the operation S6.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for the comprehensive basic test of the atomization characteristic of the fuel nozzle includes:
firstly, fixing a nozzle and a swirler on a nozzle mounting plate, then connecting a fuel nozzle with a fuel output interface through an oil pipe, and connecting the swirler with an air source flange interface through an air pipe;
turning on a power switch of the laser particle analyzer, adjusting the positions and heights of the laser transmitter and the laser receiver to enable the laser transmitter and the laser receiver to be on the same horizontal straight line, and then adjusting the horizontal displacement mechanism to enable the central axis of the outlet of the nozzle to just penetrate through the laser beam, wherein the laser transmitter and the laser receiver form an orthogonal relation; and then adjusting the vertical displacement mechanism to enable the distance between the laser beam and the outlet of the nozzle to meet the test requirement.
And opening an air compressor power supply and a dryer power supply of the air supply unit, opening an electrical appliance control cabinet power switch of the oil supply unit, opening an oil return electromagnetic valve and an oil supply electromagnetic valve on the industrial touch screen, starting an oil pump, and controlling an oil return flow regulating valve to be between 10 and 30 percent of opening degree.
Adjusting a flow regulating valve on the air supply unit, and simultaneously observing the readings of the flow meter or the pressure sensor until the target air flow value or the target pressure value is reached; and adjusting an oil supply flow regulating valve and an oil pump motor frequency converter on the oil supply unit, and simultaneously observing the readings of the high-precision flowmeter or the pressure sensor until the target flow value or the target pressure value of the fuel oil is reached.
Starting an exhaust system 4 on the atomization characteristic measuring table, and enabling the pumping exhaust air quantity to be matched with the oil gas quantity sprayed out by the nozzle and the swirler by adjusting a knob of a fan frequency converter; and starting an oil pump motor on the residual oil collecting pipeline to recover the residual oil.
And opening operating software of each optical test unit, and measuring and recording the oil mist particle size, the oil mist velocity field, the spatial distribution of oil mist droplets and the crushing process of the fuel droplets.
Multiple exploration tests were performed: different fuel nozzle and swirler structures are replaced, and air and fuel parameters at the inlet of the nozzle, such as air flow, air flow speed, air preheating temperature, fuel supply pressure and the like, are changed. And experimental data support is provided for iterative design and structural optimization of the nozzle.
So far, the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be noted that, in the attached drawings or in the description, the implementation modes not shown or described are all the modes known by the ordinary skilled person in the field of technology, and are not described in detail. Further, the above definitions of the various elements and methods are not limited to the various specific structures, shapes or arrangements of parts mentioned in the examples, which may be easily modified or substituted by those of ordinary skill in the art.
From the above description, those skilled in the art should clearly recognize that the fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test device and test method of the present disclosure are provided.
In conclusion, the present disclosure provides a comprehensive basic test device and a test method for the atomization characteristic of a fuel nozzle, which realize the measurement of the atomization effect parameter of the fuel nozzle; the measurement of all atomization effect parameters is completed on the same comprehensive test bed; the sparking and discharging phenomena of the detector during working can be effectively inhibited, so that the detector can stably work under high gain; the high-precision and high-reliability measurement of the atomization characteristic of the fuel nozzle is realized, and the evaluation requirement of the combined use effect of the nozzle and the swirler can be met.
It should also be noted that directional terms, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like, used in the embodiments are only directions referring to the drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, like elements are represented by like or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may obscure the understanding of the present disclosure.
And the shapes and sizes of the respective components in the drawings do not reflect actual sizes and proportions, but merely illustrate the contents of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
Unless otherwise indicated, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and attached claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present disclosure. In particular, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". In general, the meaning of the expression is meant to encompass variations of a specified number by ± 10% in some embodiments, by ± 5% in some embodiments, by ± 1% in some embodiments, by ± 0.5% in some embodiments.
Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.
The use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification and claims to modify a corresponding element does not by itself connote any ordinal number of the element or any ordering of one element from another or the order of manufacture, and the use of the ordinal numbers is only used to distinguish one element having a certain name from another element having a same name.
In addition, unless steps are specifically described or must occur in sequence, the order of the steps is not limited to that listed above and may be changed or rearranged as desired by the desired design. The embodiments described above may be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, i.e., technical features in different embodiments may be freely combined to form further embodiments.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Also in the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, various features of the disclosure are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various disclosed aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be construed to reflect the intent: rather, the present disclosure is directed to more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, disclosed aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this disclosure.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive foundation test device comprises:
the fuel supply unit is used for supplying stable fuel to the nozzle to be tested;
the air supply unit is used for supplying stable air to the nozzle to be tested;
the atomization characteristic measuring table is used for spraying the nozzle to be tested;
the optical test unit is used for acquiring fuel atomization characteristic information when the nozzle to be tested sprays;
wherein, the atomization characteristic measuring table comprises:
a base;
the glass atomization chamber is arranged on the base and used for sealing the periphery and recycling fuel oil when the nozzle to be detected carries out spraying operation; the glass atomization chamber comprises: the center of the bottom plate is provided with a suction and exhaust air port higher than the plane of the bottom plate; the oil leakage hole is arranged on the bottom plate around the pumping and exhausting air port; the isolation plate is arranged above the suction and exhaust air port and used for preventing oil mist from being directly sucked away during air exhaust to influence an atomization field;
the exhaust system is connected with the suction and exhaust air port and is used for exhausting oil mist in the glass atomization chamber;
the residual oil collecting cavity is connected with the oil leakage hole and used for recovering residual oil and conveying the residual oil to the oil supply unit after the residual oil is treated;
wherein the optical test unit comprises:
the tracer particle velocimeter is used for acquiring the velocity distribution of oil drops in the glass atomization chamber; and
and the laser-induced fluorescence measuring equipment is used for acquiring the spatial concentration distribution of the oil drops in the glass atomization chamber.
2. The fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test device according to claim 1, wherein the atomization characteristic measuring table further comprises:
and the nozzle clamping mechanism is arranged in the glass atomizing chamber and is used for clamping and adjusting the position of the fuel nozzle.
3. The fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test device according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle clamping mechanism includes:
a nozzle mounting plate for mounting the nozzle;
the vertical displacement mechanism is fixedly connected with the nozzle mounting plate and is fixed on a sliding block of the horizontal displacement mechanism;
and the horizontal displacement mechanism is fixedly connected with the vertical displacement mechanism, and the horizontal displacement mechanism is arranged at the top of the glass atomization chamber.
4. The fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test device according to claim 1, wherein the optical test unit further comprises:
the high-speed camera is used for capturing the atomizing and crushing processes of oil drops;
and the laser particle size analyzer is used for acquiring the particle size of oil drops in the oil mist.
5. The fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel supply unit includes:
the main oil way oil supply system and the auxiliary oil way oil supply system;
main oil circuit oil feeding system and vice oil circuit oil feeding system all include: the oil tank, the first-level oil filter, the oil pump motor assembly, the second-level oil filter, the oil supply electromagnetic valve, the oil supply flow regulating valve, the high-precision flowmeter, the energy accumulator and the fuel output interface are sequentially communicated through oil pipes.
6. The fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test device according to claim 1, wherein the air supply unit includes: an air compressor, an air storage tank, a dryer, a precision air filter, a pressure reducing valve, a flow regulating valve, an air heater, a flow meter, a rectifying device and an air source flange interface which are connected in sequence by pipelines;
the air compressor is a screw type or a piston type;
the dryer is one or a combination device of a freezing dryer and an adsorption dryer;
the gas storage tank is connected with a pressure gauge;
the flow regulating valve is an electric regulating valve;
the flowmeter is a vortex shedding flowmeter, a thermal flowmeter or a Coriolis flowmeter;
and the rectifying device is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
7. A fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive foundation test method which performs a fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive foundation test based on the fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive foundation test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
operation S1: fixing a nozzle to be tested and a swirler on a nozzle mounting plate of a nozzle holding mechanism, connecting the nozzle to be tested with a fuel output interface of an oil supply unit through an oil pipe, and connecting the swirler with a gas source flange interface of an air supply unit through an air pipe;
operation S2: opening a power switch of a laser particle analyzer of the optical testing unit, adjusting the positions and heights of a laser transmitter and a laser receiver of the laser particle analyzer to enable the laser transmitter and the laser receiver to be on the same horizontal straight line, and then adjusting a horizontal displacement mechanism of a nozzle clamping mechanism to enable the central axis of an outlet of a nozzle to just penetrate through a laser beam, wherein the laser beam and the laser beam form an orthogonal relation;
operation S3: opening an air supply unit and an oil supply system of a main oil way, opening an oil return electromagnetic valve and an oil supply electromagnetic valve, starting an oil pump motor assembly, and controlling an oil return flow regulating valve to be between set opening degrees;
operation S4: adjusting a flow regulating valve on the air supply unit, and simultaneously observing the readings of the flowmeter and the pressure sensor until the target air flow value and the target pressure value are reached; adjusting an oil supply flow regulating valve and an oil pump motor frequency converter on an oil supply unit until a set flow value or a set pressure value of the fuel oil is reached;
operation S5: starting an exhaust system on the atomization characteristic measuring table, and enabling the pumping exhaust air quantity to be matched with the oil gas quantity sprayed by the nozzle to be measured and the swirler by adjusting the fan; starting an oil pump motor on the residual oil collecting pipeline to recover residual oil;
operation S6: and (3) opening each part of the optical test unit, and measuring and recording the oil mist particle size, the oil mist velocity field, the spatial distribution of oil mist droplets and the crushing process of the fuel droplets.
8. The fuel nozzle atomization characteristic comprehensive basic test method according to claim 7, further comprising:
operation S7: and (5) replacing different structures of the nozzle to be tested and the swirler, changing air and fuel parameters at the inlet of the nozzle, and then performing the operation S1 to the operation S6.
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| CN113504049B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-21 | 南京理工大学 | Oil throwing disc type fuel atomization experiment system and operation method |
| CN114216672B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2024-03-19 | 中国航发贵阳发动机设计研究所 | Nozzle atomization characteristic test system and test method under air mixing state |
| CN114354203B (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-03 | 成都中科翼能科技有限公司 | Swirler and nozzle integration performance test device |
| CN115201151A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Fuel atomization performance testing device |
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| US7278294B2 (en) * | 2005-04-12 | 2007-10-09 | Durham Kenimer Giles | System and method for determining atomization characteristics of spray liquids |
| CN104807819A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Optical measurement test device for evaporation rate of fuel atomized by nozzles and measurement method |
| CN106338387A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-18 | 南京航健航空装备技术服务有限公司 | Fuel nozzle atomization detection device |
| CN110595761B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2024-02-13 | 楼蓝科技(江苏)有限公司 | Test system for performance test of fuel nozzle |
| CN211904645U (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-11-10 | 中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机有限公司 | Aircraft engine swirler tester |
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