CN113074676A - Semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system and method based on automatic drilling and riveting - Google Patents
Semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system and method based on automatic drilling and riveting Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides a semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system and method based on automatic drilling and riveting, comprising the following steps: the on-line aperture measuring module measures and obtains the aperture size after drilling and is integrally installed on the inner riveting cylinder; the rivet diameter online measuring module acquires diameter data of a rivet currently participating in matching and is integrally installed on the rivet feeding unit; the force position data acquisition module acquires and obtains the press riveting force and press riveting displacement data in the rivet forming process, and the data are integrally installed on the outer riveting cylinder and the inner riveting cylinder; and the interference amount judging module reads data acquired by the aperture on-line measuring module, the rivet diameter on-line measuring module and the force position data acquiring module. The invention can acquire the aperture size and rivet pressing forming force position data information after hole making on line, thereby acquiring the size of the fit interference amount of the rivet hole and realizing automatic and nondestructive detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carrier rocket cabin body manufacturing, in particular to a semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system and method based on automatic drilling and riveting.
Background
Interference fit connection is a key connection technology adopted in aerospace components, and compared with traditional connection, the interference fit connection has higher requirements on assembly process and quality control. In addition to the basic connection characteristics, interference fit connections also focus on the amount of interference fit between the connection hole and the fastener. Similar to hole wall extrusion strengthening, the fatigue property of the connecting hole can be improved through interference fit riveting, and therefore the service life of the aircraft is prolonged. The interference fit riveting is one of interference fit connection, and besides prolonging the fatigue life, the interference fit riveting can greatly improve the sealing performance of the joint. Interference fit riveting is a key connection technology of aerospace wall plates with oil-tight or air-tight requirements, and is used for realizing sealed connection when no sealant is in a nail hole, for example, the outer wing wall plate of a civil aircraft is a wing structural member and a part of an oil tank, and the interference fit riveting occupies 80% of the riveting workload; as a new carrier rocket, the application of the interference seal riveting enables the carrier rocket to have the launching capability under the condition of moderate rain; the interference sealing riveting of the underwater launching missile is beneficial to long-time storage, and the watertight performance reduction caused by the drying of glue in the nail hole is avoided. Both the fatigue and sealing properties are dependent upon the amount of nail-hole interference fit at the rivet point after riveting, with too low an amount of interference allowing leak paths at the rivet point, while too high an amount of interference can lead to stress concentrations that can prematurely initiate cracking.
Therefore, the riveting point interference amount is an important index for detecting the quality of interference fit riveting. During interference fit, the diameter of the rivet is relatively fixed, so that the control of the interference amount is directly related to the aperture tolerance of the connecting hole; the interference amount of the riveting point dynamically changes along with the change of the rivet pressing amount, so that the control of the interference amount is closely related to the hole forming quality and the pressing riveting quality. Generally, the conventional interference amount detection methods are classified into two types: (1) direct measurement: one is to cut the test piece and take out the rivet, and measure the diameter of the deformation pin rod in sections; the other is to mill the riveted joint layer by layer along the length direction of the rivet at a specified depth and measure the rivet diameter at the nail-hole junction. (2) And (4) indirect measurement. The direct measurement method is measured by destructive tests, and cannot be applied to quality detection of riveting points in the process of assembling finished products. Therefore, the finished product assembly quality detection generally adopts an indirect measurement method, and the process is divided into two steps: firstly, detecting a rivet upset head by adopting a special go-stop caliper, wherein the maximum diameter and the maximum height of the upset head are required to be within an allowable range (namely the upset head can pass through the caliper); secondly, the finished product is subjected to an overall sealability test prior to delivery. Since indirect measurement uses qualitative measurements in the implementation, it was found in practice that a finished product approaching 1/3 could not be detected for overall sealability by the second round after being detected for the size of the first round upset.
The nondestructive quantitative measurement has more practical value for accurately and economically measuring the rivet-hole interference amount of the riveting point in the assembly process. The invention develops a semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system and method based on automatic drilling and riveting aiming at a semi-circular head rivet commonly used for a carrier rocket riveting rocket body structure, based on automatic drilling and riveting equipment and technology, can acquire key data information in the drilling and riveting process in real time, automatically acquires the interference amount, realizes the automatic and nondestructive acquisition of interference amount data, and avoids the defects of the traditional interference amount detection method.
Patent document CN102679923B (application number: 201210143536.X) discloses a nondestructive detection method for interference quantity of riveting structure of aviation aluminum alloy wall plate, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: first, the shank length, shank diameter, web thickness and fastening hole diameter were measured before riveting. Then, the rivet is put into the connecting hole of the connecting plate, and the connecting device provides riveting force to rivet. And detecting the inside diameter of the upset head, the maximum diameter of the upset head, the outside diameter of the upset head and the height of the upset head of the riveting structure. Calculating the volume of the nail rod before deformation; calculating the size of the upset head according to the detection data, calculating the thickness of the connecting plate after riveting deformation according to the extrusion force of the upset head on the connecting plate, calculating the volume of the nail rod in the connecting hole according to the volume invariance principle, and obtaining the diameter of the nail rod by combining the thickness of the deformed connecting plate.
At present, no explanation or report of the similar technology of the invention is found, and similar data at home and abroad are not collected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system and method based on automatic drilling and riveting.
The invention provides a semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system based on automatic drilling and riveting, which comprises:
the automatic drilling and riveting machine comprises an automatic drilling and riveting machine 1, an aperture online measuring module 2, a rivet diameter online measuring module 3, a force position data acquisition module 4 and an interference amount judging module 5;
the automatic drilling and riveting machine 1 comprises an outer upright 1-1, an inner upright 1-2, an outer riveting cylinder 1-3, an inner riveting cylinder 1-4, a hole making unit 1-5, a nail feeding unit 1-6, a control unit 1-7, a rotating disc 1-8 and a base body 1-9;
the aperture on-line measuring module 2 is used for measuring and obtaining the aperture size after drilling and is integrally installed on the inner riveting cylinder 1-4;
the rivet diameter online measuring module 3 acquires diameter data of rivets which currently participate in matching and is integrally installed on the rivet feeding units 1-6;
the force position data acquisition module 4 acquires and obtains riveting force and riveting displacement data in the rivet forming process, and the data are integrally installed on the outer riveting cylinder 1-3 and the inner riveting cylinder 1-4;
the interference amount judging module 5 respectively reads the acquired measured diameter, the aperture size, the riveting force and the riveting displacement, and calculates to obtain the size of the rivet hole fit interference amount at the current point position; the interference amount determination module 5 is integrally mounted on the control units 1 to 7.
Preferably, the aperture online measurement module 2 comprises an aperture measuring instrument 2-1, a calibration device 2-2, a compensation device 2-3, a displacement meter 2-4, a supporting device 2-5, a moving mechanism 2-6 and a mounting seat 2-7;
the calibrating device 2-2 is connected with the end part of the supporting device 2-5 and used for zeroing data and realizing the correction of measurement precision; the moving mechanism 2-6 is connected with the supporting device 2-5, and the moving mechanism 2-6 can move on the supporting device 2-5 in the horizontal direction;
the aperture measuring instrument 2-1 is connected with the displacement meter 2-4; the compensation device 2-3 is of an annular structure, is nested around the displacement meter 2-4 and is used for eliminating aperture measurement errors and enabling an aperture measuring instrument to accurately enter the aperture; the displacement meter 2-4 is arranged in the mounting seat 2-7; the mounting seat 2-7 is connected with the moving mechanism 2-6;
the displacement meter 2-4 is used for measuring deformation and transmitting data through a cable;
the aperture gauge 2-1 is used to measure the aperture size.
Preferably, the moving mechanism 2-6 is horizontally moved on the supporting device 2-5 by a screw and a guide rail.
Preferably, the interference amount determination module 5 is respectively communicated with the aperture online measurement module, the rivet diameter online measurement module and the force pull data acquisition module, so as to acquire information of each module online and determine the size of the aperture fit interference amount.
According to the method for detecting the interference quantity of the semi-circular head rivet based on automatic drilling and riveting, the system for detecting the interference quantity of the semi-circular head rivet based on automatic drilling and riveting is operated to execute the following steps:
step M1: assembling the cabin body, fixing and clamping, and having automatic drilling and riveting processing conditions;
step M2: operating a machining program of an automatic drilling and riveting machine, and drilling the cabin;
step M3: returning after hole making, executing an operation instruction by an aperture on-line measuring module, running to a machining point position, feeding into a hole, measuring to obtain an aperture size d2, and withdrawing;
step M4: conveying the rivet to a rivet clamping end through a flexible pipeline by a rivet conveying unit of an automatic drilling and riveting machine, feeding a rivet head on an outer riveting cylinder to insert the rivet into a hole, and locking the position of the outer rivet head; in the pipeline conveying process, the rivet diameter online measuring module measures and obtains the actually measured diameter d1 of the rivet;
step M5: the inner riveting cylinder moves, and under the matching action of the outer riveting cylinder, external force is applied to the rivet to enable the rivet to generate plastic deformation, so that connection of the interlayer at the current point is realized; in the forming process, a force position data acquisition module acquires a press riveting force F and a press riveting displacement P;
step M6: the interference amount judging module respectively reads the acquired measured diameter d1, the aperture size d2, the riveting force F and the riveting displacement P, and calculates to obtain the size of the matching interference amount of the nail hole at the current point position based on the plastic forming mechanical principle and the process standard; and (5) repeating the steps M2 to M6 to obtain interference data of all automatic drilling and riveting machining point positions of the cabin.
Preferably, the outer riveting cylinder and the inner riveting cylinder in the automatic drilling and riveting machine can provide a rivet forming external force; the drilling unit can drill and drill holes; the nail feeding unit can automatically feed nails.
Preferably, the rivet diameter on-line measuring module is integrated on a flexible pipeline of the nail feeding unit, and the rivet diameter dimension d1 is obtained by adopting a non-contact measuring method when the rivet passes through the pipeline.
Preferably, the force position data acquisition module 4 is connected with the riveting cylinder through a set PLC program module to perform real-time data transmission; acquiring three characteristic points A, B and C on a force position curve through a characteristic point extraction algorithm; the point A represents the displacement of a push rod of the riveting cylinder when a riveting die which is arranged at the end of the riveting cylinder and directly contacted with a rivet is contacted with a rivet rod; the point B represents the maximum value of the pressure riveting force and the displacement of a push rod of the riveting cylinder when the riveting is in place; c represents the state when the riveting die is withdrawn from contact with the upset head after the push rod of the riveting cylinder is withdrawn.
Preferably, the step M4 includes: the rivet is conveyed to the rivet clamping end through the flexible pipeline by a blow-off method through a rivet conveying unit of the automatic drilling and riveting machine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method can acquire key data information in the drilling and riveting process in real time, automatically acquire the interference amount, realize automatic and nondestructive acquisition of the interference amount data, avoid the defects of the traditional interference amount detection method, and have the advantages of high automatic measurement degree, no damage to products, high judgment accuracy and the like;
2. the invention can acquire the data information of the aperture and the forming force position of the rivet on line, thereby obtaining the data of the interference amount of the interference fit riveting of the half-round head rivet and realizing the automatic and nondestructive measurement of the interference amount.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a system framework and flow diagram of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an automatic drilling and riveting machine according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an on-line measurement aperture module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a force level data and a graph collected during a riveting process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows interference amount determination software according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Aiming at the requirements of high reliability and rainproof sealing of carrier rocket connection, the invention develops a complete system for acquiring nail and hole information and judging interference amount based on an automatic drilling and riveting machine tool, and provides a semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system and method based on automatic drilling and riveting. By utilizing the device and the method provided by the invention, the online acquisition of data such as the diameter of a rivet hole, the diameter of a rivet rod, the pressure riveting force, the pressure riveting displacement and the like in the rivet forming process can be completed, and the judgment of the size of the matching interference quantity of the semi-circular head rivet hole is realized.
The invention provides a semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system based on automatic drilling and riveting, which comprises:
the automatic drilling and riveting machine comprises an automatic drilling and riveting machine 1, an aperture online measuring module 2, a rivet diameter online measuring module 3, a force position data acquisition module 4 and an interference amount judging module 5;
the automatic drilling and riveting machine 1 comprises an outer upright 1-1, an inner upright 1-2, an outer riveting cylinder 1-3, an inner riveting cylinder 1-4, a hole making unit 1-5, a nail feeding unit 1-6, a control unit 1-7, a rotating disc 1-8 and a base body 1-9; wherein the outer riveting cylinder 1-3 and the inner riveting cylinder 1-4 are used for providing external force for rivet forming, the hole making unit 1-5 is used for drilling and making holes, and the nail feeding unit 1-6 is used for automatically feeding nails.
The aperture on-line measuring module 2 is used for measuring and obtaining the aperture size after drilling and is integrally installed on the inner riveting cylinder 1-4;
the rivet diameter online measuring module 3 acquires diameter data of rivets which currently participate in matching and is integrally installed on the rivet feeding units 1-6;
after the automatic drilling and riveting equipment performs a hole making process, the on-line measuring module 3 measures the whole module to move towards the hole direction through the moving mechanism 2-6, the aperture measuring instrument 2-1 extends into the hole, when the module cannot normally extend into the hole, the compensating device 2-3 performs posture adjustment to determine that the module enters the hole, the aperture measuring instrument 2-1 works, a measuring point of the aperture measuring instrument is in self-adaption jacking against the inner wall of the hole of the nail in a measuring range, the radial movement amount of the measuring point is converted into the axial expansion amount of a central measuring needle, then the displacement amount of the central measuring needle is measured through the high-precision displacement meter 2-4, the aperture size is obtained through conversion, and the displacement amount is transmitted to the interference amount judging module through a cable.
The force position data acquisition module 4 acquires and obtains riveting force and riveting displacement data in the rivet forming process, and the data are integrally installed on the outer riveting cylinder 1-3 and the inner riveting cylinder 1-4, and the interfaces are in communication matching;
the rivet pressing cylinder system is provided with a function block based on a field bus system, and internal data of a rivet pressing cylinder driver can be accessed. The force position data acquisition module 4 is provided with a PLC program for data reading, and is connected with the rivet pressing cylinder driver through the communication expansion module to read the force position data.
The interference amount judging module 5 respectively reads the acquired measured diameter, the aperture size, the riveting force and the riveting displacement, and calculates to obtain the size of the rivet hole fit interference amount at the current point position; the interference amount determination module 5 is integrally mounted on the control units 1 to 7.
Specifically, the aperture online measurement module 2 comprises an aperture measuring instrument 2-1, a calibration device 2-2, a compensation device 2-3, a displacement meter 2-4, a supporting device 2-5, a moving mechanism 2-6 and a mounting seat 2-7;
the calibration device 2-2 is arranged at the end part of the supporting device 2-5 through a pin and a bolt and is used for zeroing data and realizing the correction of measurement precision; the moving mechanism 2-6 is in horizontal moving connection on the supporting device 2-5 through a lead screw and a guide rail;
the aperture measuring instrument 2-1 is connected with the displacement meter 2-4; the compensation device 2-3 is of an annular structure, is nested around the displacement meter 2-4 and is used for eliminating aperture measurement errors and enabling an aperture measuring instrument to accurately enter the aperture; the displacement meter 2-4 is arranged in the mounting seat 2-7; the mounting seat 2-7 is connected with the moving mechanism 2-6 through a bolt;
the displacement meter 2-4 is used for measuring deformation and transmitting data through a cable;
the aperture gauge 2-1 is used to measure the aperture size.
The compensating device 2-3 is used for eliminating aperture measurement errors;
specifically, the moving mechanism 2-6 moves horizontally on the supporting device 2-5 through a screw and a guide rail.
Specifically, the interference amount determination module 5 is respectively communicated with the aperture online measurement module 2, the rivet diameter online measurement module 3 and the force pull data acquisition module 4, so as to acquire information of each module on line and determine the size of aperture fit interference amount.
According to the method for detecting the interference quantity of the semi-circular head rivet based on automatic drilling and riveting, the system for detecting the interference quantity of the semi-circular head rivet based on automatic drilling and riveting is operated to execute the following steps:
step M1: assembling the cabin body, fixing and clamping, and having automatic drilling and riveting processing conditions;
step M2: operating a machining program of an automatic drilling and riveting machine, and drilling the cabin;
step M3: returning after hole making, executing an operation instruction by an aperture on-line measuring module, running to a machining point position, feeding into a hole, measuring to obtain an aperture size d2, and withdrawing;
step M4: conveying the rivet to a rivet clamping end through a flexible pipeline by a rivet conveying unit of an automatic drilling and riveting machine, feeding a rivet head on an outer riveting cylinder to insert the rivet into a hole, and locking the position of the outer rivet head; in the pipeline conveying process, the rivet diameter online measuring module measures and obtains the actually measured diameter d1 of the rivet;
step M5: the inner riveting cylinder moves, and under the matching action of the outer riveting cylinder, external force is applied to the rivet to enable the rivet to generate plastic deformation, so that connection of the interlayer at the current point is realized; in the forming process, a force position data acquisition module acquires a press riveting force F and a press riveting displacement P;
step M6: the interference amount judging module respectively reads the acquired measured diameter d1, the aperture size d2, the riveting force F and the riveting displacement P, and calculates to obtain the size of the matching interference amount of the nail hole at the current point position based on the plastic forming mechanical principle and the process standard; and (5) repeating the steps M2 to M6 to obtain interference data of all automatic drilling and riveting machining point positions of the cabin.
Specifically, the outer riveting cylinder and the inner riveting cylinder in the automatic drilling and riveting machine can provide a rivet forming external force; the drilling unit can drill and drill holes; the nail feeding unit can automatically feed nails.
Specifically, the rivet diameter online measuring module is integrated on a flexible pipeline of the nail feeding unit, and a rivet diameter dimension d1 is obtained by adopting a non-contact measuring method when the rivet passes through the pipeline.
Specifically, the force position data acquisition module is connected with the riveting cylinder through a set PLC program module to perform real-time data transmission; acquiring three characteristic points A, B and C on a force position curve through a characteristic point extraction algorithm; the point A represents the displacement of a push rod of the riveting cylinder when a riveting die which is arranged at the end of the riveting cylinder and directly contacted with a rivet is contacted with a rivet rod; the point B represents the maximum value of the pressure riveting force and the displacement of a push rod of the riveting cylinder when the riveting is in place; c represents the state when the riveting die is withdrawn from contact with the upset head after the push rod of the riveting cylinder is withdrawn.
Specifically, the step M4 includes: the rivet is conveyed to the rivet clamping end through the flexible pipeline by a blow-off method through a rivet conveying unit of the automatic drilling and riveting machine.
Example 2
Example 2 is a modification of example 1
According to the plastic forming principle, the riveting process of the half-head rivet is divided into four stages: filling a nail hole, forming an upset head, maintaining pressure and rebounding. At the end of heading forming, the expansion rate of the nail hole caused by thickening of the nail rod tends to zero, and in order to simplify a calculation model, a mechanical model of a riveting process is approximate to cylinder free upsetting.
When the Coulomb friction coefficient, namely the Coulomb friction coefficient mu and the diameter-height ratio d/h of the upset head after the rivet is formed satisfy the formula (1), the contact surface shear stress distribution curve comprises two parts, namely a stagnation area and a sliding area.
The friction conditions in each zone are shown in the formula (2)
Wherein S is the material true stress and r represents the rivet upset radius.
Positive stress sigma on the contact surfacezThe expression of the distribution curve of (2) is shown in the formula (3),
through integral calculation, the expression of the riveting deformation force F is
Namely, it is
Accordingly, with the rivet deformation force F known, the upset diameter d can be solved numerically by newton's iteration using the inverse function of equation (4).
For accurate upset diameter calculation, the upset contact surface diameter and upset average diameter are distinguished and are respectively designated as d4And d. When the rivet, the riveting die and the stringer are combinedAfter the coefficient of friction between the two is determined, the mean diameter d and the diameter d of the contact surface4The relation expression between the average diameter d and the contact surface diameter d can be regarded as determined, and the simulation result surface4The approximation is linear. Accordingly, the clinching force F and the average diameter d of the upset4The relational expression of (c) is as follows.
On the other hand, the amount of nail-hole interference of a riveted joint depends on the amount of radial nail-hole expansion caused by the flow of rivet material into the nail hole. According to the law of volume invariance: in the press working process, as long as the density of the metal does not change, the volume before and after deformation does not change. Therefore, the material inflow (denoted as Δ V) in the nail hole is equal to the reduction of the outside shank volume before and after riveting, i.e., the difference between the outside shank volume before riveting and the upset volume after riveting, as shown in equation (7).
Wherein d is1The initial diameter of the rivet stem; l is the length of the rivet rod; t is t1The skin thickness; t is t2Is the stringer thickness; d is the diameter of the rivet upset head; h is the height of the rivet upset head.
Then, the average diameter d of the rivet stem after the deformation in the rivet hole3Can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein d is2Is the nail hole diameter measured by an on-line hole diameter measuring device.
The system framework and the implementation process (figure 1) of the invention are firstly assembled on the cabin body, fixed and clamped, and have automatic drilling and riveting processing conditions.
Under the instruction of a control unit of an automatic drilling and riveting machine (figure 2), operating an automatic drilling and riveting processing program, drilling a cabin, returning after drilling, executing an operation instruction by an aperture online measurement module (figure 3), operating to a machining point position, feeding into a hole, measuring to obtain an aperture size d2, and withdrawing;
the rivet is blown to the nail clamping device from the nail plate through the flexible pipeline rapidly, and in the blowing process, the rivet diameter measuring module detects and obtains the actually measured diameter d1 of the rivet;
the inner riveting cylinder moves, and under the matching action of the inner riveting cylinder and the outer riveting cylinder, external force is applied to the rivet to enable the rivet to be subjected to plastic deformation, so that connection of the interlayer at the point is realized; in the forming process, the force position data acquisition module acquires a press riveting force F and a press riveting displacement P (figure 4). Through algorithm development, three characteristic points A, B, C on the force potential curve are obtained. Wherein, point A represents the displacement (initial state) of the push rod of the riveting cylinder when the riveting die (which is arranged at the end of the riveting cylinder and directly contacted with the rivet) is contacted with the rivet rod; the characteristic point B represents the maximum value of the riveting force and the displacement of a push rod of the riveting cylinder when the riveting is in place (pressure maintaining stage); the characteristic point C represents the state when the riveting die is separated from the upset head after the push rod of the riveting cylinder is withdrawn. The upset height dimension h after riveting is equal to Pstart-Pend.
The interference amount judging module respectively reads the collected data of d1, d2, F, P and the like, and judges the size of the nail hole matching interference amount I (figure 5) at the point position through corresponding conversion calculation based on the plastic forming mechanical principle and the process standard.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof provided by the present invention in purely computer readable program code, the same procedures can be implemented entirely by logically programming method steps such that the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof are provided in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system, the device and the modules thereof provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the modules included in the system, the device and the modules thereof for implementing various programs can also be considered as structures in the hardware component; modules for performing various functions may also be considered to be both software programs for performing the methods and structures within hardware components.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a half round head rivet interference volume detecting system based on automatic brill is riveted which characterized in that includes:
the automatic drilling and riveting machine comprises an automatic drilling and riveting machine (1), an aperture online measuring module (2), a rivet diameter online measuring module (3), a force position data acquisition module (4) and an interference amount judging module (5);
the automatic drilling and riveting machine (1) comprises an outer upright post (1-1), an inner upright post (1-2), an outer riveting cylinder (1-3), an inner riveting cylinder (1-4), a hole making unit (1-5), a nail feeding unit (1-6), a control unit (1-7), a rotating disc (1-8) and a base body (1-9);
the aperture on-line measuring module (2) measures and obtains the aperture size after drilling and is integrally installed on the inner riveting cylinder (1-4);
the rivet diameter online measuring module (3) acquires diameter data of a rivet currently participating in matching and is integrally installed on the rivet feeding units (1-6);
the force position data acquisition module (4) acquires and obtains riveting force and riveting displacement data in the rivet forming process, and the data are integrally installed on the outer riveting cylinder (1-3) and the inner riveting cylinder (1-4);
the interference amount judging module (5) respectively reads the acquired measured diameter, the aperture size, the riveting force and the riveting displacement, and calculates to obtain the size of the fit interference amount of the nail hole at the current point position; the interference amount determination module (5) is integrally mounted on the control unit (1-7).
2. The automatic drilling and riveting-based half-round head rivet interference detection system is characterized in that the aperture online measurement module (2) comprises an aperture measuring instrument (2-1), a calibration device (2-2), a compensation device (2-3), a displacement meter (2-4), a supporting device (2-5), a moving mechanism (2-6) and a mounting seat (2-7);
the calibrating device (2-2) is connected with the end part of the supporting device (2-5) and is used for zeroing data and realizing the correction of measurement precision; the moving mechanism (2-6) is connected with the supporting device (2-5), and the moving mechanism (2-6) can move on the supporting device (2-5) in the horizontal direction;
the aperture measuring instrument (2-1) is connected with the displacement meter (2-4); the compensation device (2-3) is of an annular structure, is nested around the displacement meter (2-4) and is used for eliminating aperture measurement errors and enabling an aperture measuring instrument to accurately enter the hole; the displacement meter (2-4) is arranged in the mounting seat (2-7); the mounting seat (2-7) is connected with the moving mechanism (2-6);
the displacement meter (2-4) is used for measuring deformation and transmitting data through a cable;
the aperture gauge (2-1) is used for measuring the aperture size.
3. The automatic drilling and riveting-based half-head rivet interference amount detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that the moving mechanism (2-6) moves on the supporting device (2-5) in the horizontal direction through a screw rod and a guide rail.
4. The automatic drilling and riveting-based half-round head rivet interference amount detection system according to claim 1, wherein the interference amount determination module (5) is respectively communicated with the aperture online measurement module, the rivet diameter online measurement module and the force pulling data acquisition module, acquires information of each module online, and determines the size of aperture fit interference amount.
5. A semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection method based on automatic drilling and riveting is characterized in that the semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system based on automatic drilling and riveting, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 4, is operated to execute the following steps:
step M1: assembling the cabin body, fixing and clamping, and having automatic drilling and riveting processing conditions;
step M2: operating a machining program of an automatic drilling and riveting machine, and drilling the cabin;
step M3: returning after hole making, executing an operation instruction by an aperture on-line measuring module, running to a machining point position, feeding into a hole, measuring to obtain an aperture size d2, and withdrawing;
step M4: conveying the rivet to a rivet clamping end through a flexible pipeline by a rivet conveying unit of an automatic drilling and riveting machine, feeding a rivet head on an outer riveting cylinder to insert the rivet into a hole, and locking the position of the outer rivet head; in the pipeline conveying process, the rivet diameter online measuring module measures and obtains the actually measured diameter d1 of the rivet;
step M5: the inner riveting cylinder moves, and under the matching action of the outer riveting cylinder, external force is applied to the rivet to enable the rivet to generate plastic deformation, so that connection of the interlayer at the current point is realized; in the forming process, a force position data acquisition module acquires a press riveting force F and a press riveting displacement P;
step M6: the interference amount judging module respectively reads the acquired measured diameter d1, the aperture size d2, the riveting force F and the riveting displacement P, and calculates to obtain the size of the matching interference amount of the nail hole at the current point position based on the plastic forming mechanical principle and the process standard; and (5) repeating the steps M2 to M6 to obtain interference data of all automatic drilling and riveting machining point positions of the cabin.
6. The method for detecting the interference quantity of the automatic drilling and riveting-based half-round head rivet according to claim 5, wherein an outer riveting cylinder and an inner riveting cylinder in the automatic drilling and riveting machine can provide a rivet forming external force; the drilling unit can drill and drill holes; the nail feeding unit can automatically feed nails.
7. The automatic drilling and riveting-based half-head rivet interference amount detection system is characterized in that the rivet diameter online measurement module is integrated on a flexible pipeline of the rivet feeding unit, and a rivet diameter dimension d1 is obtained by a non-contact measurement method when the rivet passes through the pipeline.
8. The semi-circular head rivet interference amount detection system based on automatic drilling and riveting is characterized in that the force position data acquisition module (4) is connected with a riveting cylinder through a set PLC program module to perform real-time data transmission; acquiring three characteristic points A, B and C on a force position curve through a characteristic point extraction algorithm; the point A represents the displacement of a push rod of the riveting cylinder when a riveting die which is arranged at the end of the riveting cylinder and directly contacted with a rivet is contacted with a rivet rod; the point B represents the maximum value of the pressure riveting force and the displacement of a push rod of the riveting cylinder when the riveting is in place; c represents the state when the riveting die is withdrawn from contact with the upset head after the push rod of the riveting cylinder is withdrawn.
9. The system for detecting the interference of the automatic drilling and riveting-based half-head rivet according to claim 5, wherein the step M4 comprises the following steps: the rivet is conveyed to the rivet clamping end through the flexible pipeline by a blow-off method through a rivet conveying unit of the automatic drilling and riveting machine.
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