CN113074574B - Wet cooling tower filler arrangement structure based on main wind direction - Google Patents
Wet cooling tower filler arrangement structure based on main wind direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN113074574B CN113074574B CN202110476021.0A CN202110476021A CN113074574B CN 113074574 B CN113074574 B CN 113074574B CN 202110476021 A CN202110476021 A CN 202110476021A CN 113074574 B CN113074574 B CN 113074574B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/08—Splashing boards or grids, e.g. for converting liquid sprays into liquid films; Elements or beds for increasing the area of the contact surface
Abstract
The invention discloses a filler arrangement structure of a wet cooling tower based on a main wind direction, which divides the interior of the tower into M fan-shaped areas, wherein the fan-shaped area corresponding to the main wind direction is a main fan-shaped area, the filler height in the main fan-shaped area is higher than that of other fan-shaped areas, or the filler distance of the main fan-shaped area is smaller than that of other fan-shaped areas. Through the arrangement, the resistance in the tower can be pertinently adjusted, so that the resistance is adapted to the wind direction and the wind frequency of the ground wind, a customized arrangement scheme is formed, the circumferential air inlet of the cooling tower is balanced, and the thermal performance of the cooling tower under the environment crosswind is further improved. The structure can improve the performance of the cooling tower under the environment crosswind to a certain extent, better utilize the heat and mass transfer capacity of the cooling tower and improve the operation economy of a power plant.
Description
[ technical field ] A
The invention belongs to the field of thermal power generation and atomic power generation, and relates to a filler arrangement structure of a wet cooling tower based on a main wind direction.
[ background of the invention ]
The cooling tower (The cooling tower) is a device which uses water as a circulating coolant, absorbs heat from a system and discharges The heat to The atmosphere so as to reduce The water temperature; the cold is an evaporation heat dissipation device which utilizes the principle that water and air flow to contact and then carry out heat exchange to generate steam, the steam volatilizes to take away heat to achieve evaporation heat dissipation, convection heat transfer, radiation heat transfer and the like to dissipate waste heat generated in industry or refrigeration air conditioners to reduce the water temperature, so as to ensure the normal operation of a system, and the device is generally barrel-shaped and is named as a cooling tower.
The filler is the most important part of the cooling tower, the filler has the functions of increasing heat dissipation capacity, prolonging the retention time of cooling water, increasing heat exchange area, increasing heat exchange capacity, distributing water uniformly and the like in the cooling tower, and the arrangement mode of the filler has direct influence on the performance of the cooling tower.
At present, various domestic power plants mainly adopt natural ventilation countercurrent to implement cooling towers, and the conventional design is that fillers are uniformly distributed, and the whole tower is equal in height and spacing. As the unit capacity increases, the area of the cooling tower is increased, and the area of the cooling tower of a 1000MW unit configuration reaches 13000m 2 . In order to improve the problem, non-uniform arrangement, non-uniform spacing arrangement and the like are proposed, however, the arrangement is still in a central symmetry manner which is the same as the conventional arrangement method, and the effect of the arrangement is necessarily reduced to a certain extent under the influence of ambient crosswind.
[ summary of the invention ]
The present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, and to provide a filler arrangement structure of a wet cooling tower based on a main wind direction, so as to reduce the influence of ambient crosswind on the cooling effect during the cooling process of the cooling tower.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a wet cooling tower filler arrangement structure based on a main wind direction is characterized in that the interior of a tower is divided into M sector areas along the circumferential direction of the tower, wherein the sector area of an outer arc edge corresponding to the main wind direction is a main sector area; the filler height in the main sector is higher than that in other sectors, or the filler spacing in the main sector is smaller than that in other sectors.
The invention is further improved in that:
preferably, the sector area opposite to the main sector area is a lower sector area, and the main sector area and the lower sector area are coaxial; the filler height in the lower sector is lower than that in the other sectors, or the filler spacing in the lower sector is larger than that in the other sectors.
Preferably, the filler spacing is equal in the remaining sectors except for the main sector and the lower sector.
Preferably, the filler level is equal in the remaining sectors, except for the main sector and the lower sector.
Preferably, the areas of the M sectors are equal.
Preferably, each sector of the M sectors is divided into an interior and an exterior, the interior being a region near the center of the tower and the exterior being a region near the outer wall of the tower; the inner packing spacing is greater than the outer packing spacing or the inner packing height is less than the outer packing height for each sector.
Preferably, the outer arc edges of adjacent inner portions are connected in sequence, and all inner portions form a circle.
Preferably, the outer arcs of adjacent inner portions are connected in series, and the shape of all inner portions is related to the shape of the wind rose where the cooling tower is located.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a filler arrangement structure of a wet cooling tower based on a main wind direction, which divides the interior of the tower into M asymmetrical fan-shaped areas, wherein the fan-shaped area corresponding to the main wind direction is a main fan-shaped area, the filler height in the main fan-shaped area is higher than that of other fan-shaped areas, or the filler distance of the main fan-shaped area is smaller than that of other fan-shaped areas. Through foretell asymmetric arrangement, can carry out the pertinence adjustment to the resistance in the tower, make the arrangement in the tower and local wind direction wind frequency suit, form the customization and arrange the scheme, balanced cooling tower circumference air inlet, and then improve the thermal performance of cooling tower under the environment crosswind. The structure can improve the performance of the cooling tower under the environment crosswind to a certain extent, better utilize the heat and mass transfer capacity of the cooling tower and improve the operation economy of a power plant.
Further, the lower sector is in the downwind direction of the local main wind direction, so that the cloth height of the lower sector is the lowest, or the cloth distance of the lower sector is the largest, and the resistance of the lower sector in the area is the smallest.
Further, all the other regions are close because of the influence of the outside wind received, and are all smaller than the main sector area and the lower sector area, so the cloth is similar in arrangement and convenient to construct and build.
Further, set up M as the even number for the cloth in the whole tower is except that the cloth of main sector and lower sector is asymmetric, and all the other regions are symmetrical, makes the resistance in the whole tower except that above-mentioned two special regional resistances are different as required, and holistic resistance is close, and the cloth atress in the tower is even.
Furthermore, M is preferably 8, so that the distribution in the whole tower is designed according to the actual situation, and the construction difficulty caused by excessive area division is avoided.
Furthermore, each sector is designed to have different height or packing density according to the distance of the tower wall in different areas, so that the distribution in the whole cooling tower is more uniform.
Furthermore, the area of inside constitution is according to local rose wind pattern design for whole cloth is more reasonable.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a wind rose plot of the location of a cooling tower;
FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic of an arrangement employing packing of unequal spacing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic of a complex arrangement using unequal spacing packing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optimized fit arrangement using unequal packing.
Wherein: n-true north direction; NE-northeast direction; e-east alignment; SE-southeast direction; s-true south direction; SW-southwest direction; w-true West direction; NW-northwest direction;
1-sector area; 2-a main sector; 3-lower sector; 4-interior; 5-exterior.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention discloses a filler arrangement structure of a wet cooling tower based on a dominant wind direction, aiming at the problem of performance reduction of a natural ventilation cooling tower under the condition of environmental crosswind.
The method is based on the local perennial dominant wind direction data of a newly-built or existing cooling tower, the targeted arrangement optimization is carried out on the filler in the tower, and the conventional central symmetrical arrangement of the filler in the tower is adjusted to be asymmetrical arrangement; according to the invention, the section area in the tower is divided into M sectors 1 along the circumferential direction, M is a natural number more than or equal to 1, M is preferably an even number and can be 4, 6 or 8, more preferably 8, and the radian of each sector 1 is 45 degrees, so that the arrangement and distribution of the sectors 1 in the tower can meet the distribution requirement in the tower, and the distribution cost is not too high. In the M sectors 1, the sector 1 corresponding to the local main wind direction is a main sector 2, the outer arc edge of the main sector 2 is over against the local main wind direction, the main wind direction is in a range of wind direction angle with the largest local wind frequency, and the sum of angle wind frequency is more than or equal to 30%; the distribution of the sector area 1 corresponds to a wind rose diagram, and the fillers in each area adopt different arrangement heights or different filler intervals.
The arrangement height of the fillers in the main sector 2 is the highest height of the fillers in the M sectors 1, or the filler distance is the smallest distance in the M sectors 1; the sector 1 opposite to the main sector 2 is a lower sector 3, the lower sector 3 is coaxial with the main sector 2, the height of the filler in the lower sector 3 in the downwind direction is the lowest, or the filler distance is larger than that of the fillers in other sectors 1; in the other sector areas except the main sector area 2 and the lower sector area 3, the filler can be arranged at the same conventional height as the uniform arrangement method or can be arranged at the common interval, and if the conditions allow, the filler can be further refined according to the size of the angular wind frequency.
Each sector 1 is divided into an inner part 4 and an outer part 5, wherein the inner part 4 is the area close to the central axis in the tower, the outer part 5 is the area close to the outer part of the tower, the outer arcs of adjacent inner parts 4 are connected in sequence, preferably, the dividing interface of the inner parts 4 and the outer parts 5 is a circular wall coaxial with the cooling tower, and the inner parts 4 of all sectors 1 form a circle and the outer parts 5 of all sectors 1 form a circular ring by describing the cross section in the tower. More preferably, the closed shape formed by the outer arcs of all the interiors 4 is associated with a local wind rose.
In sector 1 described above, since inner portion 4 is closer to the central region of the cooling tower, farthest from the tower wall, and therefore less affected by the outside wind with respect to its corresponding outer portion 5, the packing pitch of inner portion 4 can be greater and the packing height can be lower with respect to outer portion 5.
According to the above description, the optimal arrangement is a customized fit of the shape of the interior 4 of all sectors 1 according to the local wind rose diagram; the basic principle is that the positions of a main sector area 1 and other sector areas are determined according to the size of wind power in a wind direction rose diagram, the direction with the largest wind power corresponds to the main sector area 1, the direction with the smallest wind power corresponds to a lower sector area 3, and the rest are analogized in sequence; the material distribution rule in the cooling tower is as follows: the cloth height is taken as a variable, and the cloth height is sequentially from high to low: an outer part 5 of the main sector 1, an inner part 4 of the main sector 1, an outer part 5 of the remaining sectors 1, an inner part 4 of the remaining sectors 1, an outer part 5 of the lower sector 3, an inner part 4 of the lower sector 3. The cloth interval is used as a variable, and the cloth interval is sequentially from small to large: an outer portion 5 of main sector 1, an inner portion 4 of main sector 1, an outer portion 5 of the remaining sectors 1, an inner portion 4 of the remaining sectors 1, an outer portion 5 of lower sector 3, an inner portion 4 of lower sector 3.
The arrangement principle of the invention is as follows:
the process of absorbing moisture and heat is realized when the outside air enters the cooling tower. Viewed in the longitudinal direction, the air passes through the rain zone, the filling zone and the water distribution zone in this order from the air inlet, is already substantially in a saturated steam state and is subsequently discharged through the tower. Viewed from the radial direction, as the air goes deep into the center of the cooling tower along the radial direction, the humidity and the temperature of the air are gradually increased, and the resistance is gradually increased, namely the radial resistance distribution in the tower is uneven. Under the ideal windless condition, the air flow in the tower is axisymmetric, and no flow separation phenomenon exists, and the existence of the ambient side wind seriously affects the air flow field entering the tower, changes the pressure distribution of the inlet and the outlet of the cooling tower and destroys the symmetry of the inlet wind. By analyzing the local perennial wind direction data of the cooling tower, the arrangement height of the filler is increased or the filler spacing is reduced in the main sector 2 corresponding to the prevailing wind direction; in the lower sector area 2 with the opposite main wind direction, the packing is arranged at the lowest height or adopts the packing with large spacing; in other sectors 1, the filler can adopt the same conventional arrangement height as the uniform arrangement method, or adopt the ordinary interval filler, if the condition allows, can also carry out the refining according to the size of angle wind frequency further. Through the arrangement, the resistance in the tower can be pertinently adjusted, so that the resistance is adapted to the wind direction and the wind frequency of the ground, a customized arrangement scheme is formed, the circumferential air inlet of the cooling tower is balanced, and the thermal performance of the cooling tower under the environmental crosswind is further improved.
The embodiment is as follows:
the main wind direction in a certain place is NW, the rose wind direction in the place is shown in fig. 1, the air volume in the northwest direction (NW) is the largest, the corresponding NE direction and SW direction are the second, and the air volume in the southeast direction (SE) corresponding to the northwest direction is the smallest. There are several following arrangements:
(1) Simple arrangement
According to the wind rose diagram of fig. 1, see fig. 2, the cooling tower cross section is divided into 8 fan-shaped zones, named in the corresponding directions, i.e. N zone, NE zone, E zone, SE zone, S zone, SW zone, W zone, NW zone.
The main wind direction is NW-northwest direction, the corresponding NW area is the main sector area 2, small-distance fillers or higher filler heights are adopted, the filler height is the highest area in 8 sector areas or the area with the most dense filler spacing, so that when the main wind cools the cooling tower from the NW direction, the resistance in the NW direction is the largest, and the influence of the direction on the air flow field in the tower is reduced.
The downwind direction of the main wind direction is SE-southeast direction, the corresponding SE area is a lower sector area 3, and large-space filler or lower filler height is adopted; the packing height of the area is the lowest area or the area with the largest packing distance in the 8 fan-shaped areas, so that when ambient crosswind influences the fan-shaped areas, the resistance in the area is the smallest.
The wind frequency of the rest areas except the main sector area 2 and the lower sector area 3 is uniform, and standard interval fillers or conventional filler heights are uniformly adopted.
(2) Complex arrangement
Referring to fig. 3, on the basis of simple arrangement, 8 sectors 1 are further subdivided into an inner sub-area and an outer sub-area, each sector 1 includes an inner area and an outer area, wherein outer arc edges of the inner part 4 of all sectors 1 form a circle, and the outer part 5 forms a circular ring; the NW area is referred to as NW-inner area and NW-outer area.
The main wind direction is NW-northwest direction, the corresponding NW area is a main sector area 2, the filling space or filling height of the inner subarea and the outer subarea of the area is equal, and small-space filling or higher filling height is adopted; the height of the filler is higher than that of other areas, and the filler spacing is smaller than that of other areas.
The downwind direction of the main wind direction is SE-southeast direction, the corresponding SE area is a lower sector area 3, the inner part 4 of the area adopts large-interval packing or lower packing height, the packing interval is the maximum interval in all the areas, or the packing height is the lowest area in all the areas; the SE-outer zone adopts standard spacing filler or conventional filler height;
the wind frequency of the rest areas is uniform, the outer areas uniformly adopt small-spacing fillers or higher filler heights, and the inner areas uniformly adopt standard-spacing fillers or conventional filler heights.
(3) Optimizing fitting arrangements
On the basis of complex arrangement, further carrying out numerical simulation to obtain a more accurate arrangement scheme according to local meteorological conditions, wherein the shape formed by the outer arcs of all the inner parts 4 is related to a local rose wind diagram,
the reference arrangement is shown in fig. 4, the filler is selected as in "(2) complex arrangement", and the inner and outer partitions in each sector are based on the simulation results.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A filler arrangement structure of a wet cooling tower based on a main wind direction is characterized in that the interior of the tower is divided into M sectors (1) along the circumferential direction of the tower, wherein the sector (1) of which the outer arc side corresponds to the main wind direction is a main sector (2); the height of the filler in the main sector area (2) is higher than that of the filler in other sector areas (1), or the filler distance of the main sector area (2) is smaller than that of the filler in other sector areas (1);
the sector (1) opposite to the main sector (2) is a lower sector (3), and the main sector (2) and the lower sector (3) are coaxial; the height of the filler in the lower sector (3) is lower than that of the filler in other sectors (1), or the space between the fillers in the lower sector (3) is larger than that of the filler in other sectors (1);
each sector (1) of the M sectors (1) is divided into an inner part (4) and an outer part (5), the inner part (4) being the area close to the center of the tower and the outer part (5) being the area close to the outer wall of the tower; the packing spacing of the inner part (4) of each sector (1) is greater than the packing spacing of the outer part (5), or the packing height of the inner part (4) is lower than the packing height of the outer part (5);
the outer arc edges of the adjacent inner parts (4) are connected in sequence, and all the inner parts (4) form a circle;
the shape of all the internal components (4) is related to the shape of the rose of the wind direction at the location of the cooling tower.
2. Wet cooling tower packing arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the packing pitch of the sectors (1) is equal except for the main sector (2) and the lower sector (3).
3. Wet cooling tower packing arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the packing height of the sectors (1) is equal except for the main sector (2) and the lower sector (3).
4. A wet cooling tower packing arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the M sectors (1) are equal in area.
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| CN202110476021.0A CN113074574B (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Wet cooling tower filler arrangement structure based on main wind direction |
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| CN113375498B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2022-08-02 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Wet cooling tower core component arrangement method in wind direction stable area |
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| CN102607324A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-25 | 山东大学 | Novel arranging method for filler of wet cooling tower |
| CN203908389U (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-10-29 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System for optimized arrangement of packing in reverse-flow wet natural ventilation type cooling tower |
| CN206208091U (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 新昌县双彩乡亚飞轴承厂 | A kind of fan-shaped cooling tower gable stainless steel helices |
| CN209459452U (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-01 | 中国石化集团胜利石油管理局有限公司胜利发电厂 | A kind of wet cooling tower with falcate filler |
| US20190353425A1 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-11-21 | Cts Cooling Tower Solutions Gmbh | Packing For Heat and/or Mass Transfer |
| CN110686552A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-14 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Cooling tower filler arrangement optimization method based on cooling latent power |
-
2021
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202110476021.0A patent/CN113074574B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102607324A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-25 | 山东大学 | Novel arranging method for filler of wet cooling tower |
| CN203908389U (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-10-29 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System for optimized arrangement of packing in reverse-flow wet natural ventilation type cooling tower |
| CN206208091U (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 新昌县双彩乡亚飞轴承厂 | A kind of fan-shaped cooling tower gable stainless steel helices |
| US20190353425A1 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-11-21 | Cts Cooling Tower Solutions Gmbh | Packing For Heat and/or Mass Transfer |
| CN209459452U (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-01 | 中国石化集团胜利石油管理局有限公司胜利发电厂 | A kind of wet cooling tower with falcate filler |
| CN110686552A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-14 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Cooling tower filler arrangement optimization method based on cooling latent power |
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