CN113073263B - Ultra-high-strength steel with fatigue limit of more than 600MPa for ocean engineering and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-high-strength steel with fatigue limit of more than 600MPa for ocean engineering and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of steel material preparation, and discloses an ultra-high strength steel with a fatigue limit of more than 600MPa for ocean engineering and a preparation method thereof. The chemical components by weight percentage are as follows: 0.08-0.11%, Si: 0.20 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.70-1.00%, Ni: 6.00-8.00%, Cr: 0.50-0.70%, Mo: 0.80-0.90%, V: 0.05-0.08%, P: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.001 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The manufacturing method of the steel plate of the ultrahigh-strength steel adopts a controlled rolling process, and then carries out quenching and tempering heat treatment processes on the steel plate, wherein the yield strength of the steel plate is more than or equal to 1000MPa, the fatigue limit is more than or equal to 600MPa, and the impact energy at minus 80 ℃ is more than or equal to 100J; the microstructure of the steel plate is tempered martensite and VC precipitated phase.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of steel material preparation, and particularly relates to ocean engineering ultrahigh-strength steel with high cycle fatigue limit of more than 600MPa and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The main steel members of ships and ocean engineering equipment are in service in severe ocean environments such as sea waves, sea tides, storms, cold running ice and the like, and most of the main steel members bear certain cycle or alternating load action, so that fatigue failure is one of the main failure modes. Fatigue failure is sudden due to no obvious macroscopic plastic deformation, and often causes catastrophic accidents, resulting in huge economic loss. Therefore, the fatigue resistance of the ultrahigh-strength steel for ocean engineering is improved, the safety of ocean equipment is ensured, and the method has great significance for developing ocean resources and ocean transportation industry.
At present, the yield strength grade of the traditional high-strength steel for ocean engineering is from 550MPa to 960MPa, and a quenching and tempering production process is adopted to form a tempered martensite microstructure. Their performance criteria are generally limited to meeting yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and impact toughness criteria. There is no requirement for fatigue life and fatigue limit in practical applications. From the current situation analysis, the fatigue design threshold for many large components is basically below 400MPa for material reasons. On the premise of ensuring the conventional mechanical properties, the excellent fatigue property is one of the main development directions of the ultrahigh-strength steel for ocean engineering.
The invention patent with publication number CN102618793B provides a steel plate with yield strength of 960MPa grade and a manufacturing method thereof. The steel plate is prepared by adding 0.1-3.0% of Cr, 0.02-0.06% of V, 0.003-0.04% of Ti and 0.0006-0.0025% of B into the steel plate, and the steel plate is produced by rolling, cooling, online tempering and air cooling, wherein the yield strength of the steel plate product reaches 960 MPa. The invention does not provide fatigue performance index.
The invention patent with publication number CN 108707822B provides high-strength steel with fatigue stress amplitude larger than or equal to 400MPa and a production method thereof. The steel comprises 0.12-0.18% of C, 0.05-0.2% of Ni and 0.045-0.1% of Nb + Ti + V + B, and the steel is produced by hot rolling, quenching heat treatment and tempering heat treatment, wherein the yield strength of the steel is 900-1000 MPa, and the fatigue limit is more than 400 MPa. The chemical composition design, the preparation process and the microstructure of the invention are all obviously different from the invention, and the composition range and the heat treatment temperature are not in the invention range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultra-high strength steel for ocean engineering with a fatigue limit of more than 600MPa and a preparation method thereof, which ensure that the steel plate does not have fatigue failure in a use environment with a fatigue stress limit of not more than 600 MPa. The steel plate of the invention can provide reliable safety under the condition of cyclic stress.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, a large amount of systematic experimental researches are carried out from the aspects of alloy element content, steel cleanliness control, process optimization and parameter selection, microstructure control and the like, and finally the alloy element proportion and the preparation process which can meet the purpose of the invention are determined.
The ultra-high strength steel for ocean engineering with the fatigue limit of more than 600MPa comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.08 to 0.11%, Si: 0.20 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.70-1.00%, Ni: 6.00-8.00%, Cr: 0.50-0.70%, Mo: 0.80-0.90%, V: 0.05-0.08%, P: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.001 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the manufacturing method of the steel plate of the ultrahigh-strength steel adopts a controlled rolling process, and then carries out quenching and tempering heat treatment processes on the steel plate, wherein the yield strength of the steel plate is more than or equal to 1000MPa, the fatigue limit is more than or equal to 600MPa, and the impact energy at minus 80 ℃ is more than or equal to 100J; the microstructure of the steel plate is tempered martensite and VC precipitated phase.
The thickness range of the steel plate finished product is 10-50 mm.
The preparation process of the marine engineering ultrahigh-strength steel with the fatigue limit of more than 600MPa comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the weight percentage of each chemical component, C: 0.08-0.11%, Si: 0.20 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.70-1.00%, Ni: 6.00-8.00%, Cr: 0.50-0.70%, Mo: 0.80-0.90%, V: 0.05-0.08%, P: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, S: smelting the alloy by adopting electroslag remelting with the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities being less than or equal to 0.001 percent to obtain an ingot blank with the thickness of 500-700 mm;
s2, heating the casting blank to 1100-1150 ℃;
s3, rolling the casting blank in two stages, wherein the rolling starting temperature of the first stage is 1000-1100 ℃, and the rolling starting temperature of the second stage is 880-950 ℃;
and S4, processing the steel plate by adopting a quenching and tempering heat treatment process.
In step S1, the non-metallic inclusions in the obtained casting slab satisfy: class A is less than 0.5, class B is less than 0.5, class C is less than 0.5, and class D is less than 0.5.
In step S4, the heat treatment process includes: the first step of quenching heat treatment, wherein the temperature is 800-850 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: cooling for 30-90 min by water; and (3) tempering heat treatment in the second step, wherein the temperature is 570-620 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: and (5) cooling for 60-120 min in an air cooling mode.
The effects of the alloy components in the steel according to the invention are illustrated below, wherein the% symbols represent the weight percentages:
c: is an essential element for ensuring the strength, has obvious effect on improving the strength of the steel through solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening, but has negative influence on the ductility and toughness of the steel, particularly the weldability through excessively high C content. From the viewpoint of economy and product performance, the C content is preferably controlled to 0.08 to 0.11%.
Si: is one of main elements for improving the strength, and simultaneously, the addition of Si can inhibit the formation of bainite, inhibit the precipitation and coarsening of cementite and improve the toughness, so that the content of Si is preferably 0.20-0.50%.
Mn: the Mn content is 0.70-1.00% in order to improve the toughness of the material.
P: the impurity elements in the steel can be segregated in the central part of the slab and aggregated in the grain boundary, etc. to damage the toughness and fatigue performance of the steel plate, and the P content of the material is controlled to be not higher than 0.003%.
S: is an impurity element in steel, can form sulfide inclusion and become a crack source, and the range of S of the material is controlled to be not higher than 0.001 percent.
Ni: the Ni-based steel is a solid solution strengthening element in steel, and can reduce the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the steel, ensure the low-temperature toughness of the steel plate and improve the fatigue performance, wherein the Ni content is controlled to be 6.0-8.0%.
Mo: the element for improving hardenability expands a gamma phase region, plays an important role in controlling a phase change structure and can effectively improve the strength of the material; because Mo has high melting point, the diffusion of crystal inward to crystal boundary is not easy to occur, the creep property is ensured when the alloy is subjected to fatigue stress, the fatigue life is prolonged, and the content of Mo is controlled to be 0.8-0.9%.
V: effectively refines the grain size of the steel, and simultaneously forms a nano-scale precipitated phase and dislocation action in the steel to obviously improve the strength. A large number of experiments prove that the strength of the steel can be effectively improved by the V content of 0.05-0.08%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that (1) the weldability of the steel plate is ensured by low C content, the low-temperature toughness is ensured by adding high Ni content, the fatigue performance is improved, and the nano-size precipitated phase (VC) can be formed by adding the microalloy element V to improve the strength; the contents of sulfur, phosphorus and non-metallic inclusions are controlled, and the influence of impurity elements and inclusions on the fatigue performance is reduced. Adopting a controlled rolling method and a quenching and tempering heat treatment process to finally obtain a tempered martensite structure; the strength of the steel can be obviously improved through the VC precipitated phase precipitated after tempering. The ultra-high strength steel for ocean engineering with excellent fatigue performance can be obtained by combining chemical components and a preparation process.
(2) The yield strength of the steel is more than or equal to 1000MPa, the fatigue limit is more than or equal to 600MPa, and the impact energy at minus 80 ℃ is more than or equal to 100J.
(3) The manufacturing process of the product is easy to realize, the product performance is stable, and the yield is high.
The chemical components designed by the invention are combined with the controlled rolling, quenching and tempering heat treatment processes, so that the production of the steel plate with high strength, high fatigue limit and excellent low-temperature toughness is realized, and the steel plate with high yield and stable strength and low-temperature toughness is obtained. The steel plate has the characteristics of ultrahigh strength (yield strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa), high fatigue limit (more than or equal to 600MPa), and excellent low-temperature toughness (impact energy at minus 80 ℃ is more than or equal to 100J).
Detailed Description
The chemical components of the steel of the embodiment of the invention are shown in table 1, the steel smelting process of the embodiment of the invention is shown in table 2, the steel rolling process of the embodiment of the invention is shown in table 3, the heat treatment process is shown in table 4, and the mechanical properties are shown in table 5.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of steel of examples of the invention
Examples | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | V |
1 | 0.10 | 0.27 | 0.88 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.62 | 6.80 | 0.80 | 0.06 |
2 | 0.08 | 0.35 | 0.95 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.50 | 7.50 | 0.85 | 0.05 |
3 | 0.09 | 0.20 | 0.75 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.55 | 6.00 | 0.90 | 0.08 |
4 | 0.11 | 0.45 | 0.70 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.70 | 7.00 | 0.87 | 0.07 |
5 | 0.08 | 0.50 | 0.85 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.52 | 5.90 | 0.83 | 0.06 |
6 | 0.09 | 0.41 | 0.88 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.66 | 6.40 | 0.86 | 0.08 |
7 | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.80 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.57 | 8.00 | 0.88 | 0.06 |
8 | 0.09 | 0.37 | 1.00 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.68 | 7.80 | 0.87 | 0.07 |
TABLE 2 non-metallic inclusion control in steel smelting of examples of the invention
TABLE 3 controlled Rolling of steels according to examples of the invention
TABLE 4 Heat treatment Process for steels of examples of the invention
TABLE 5 Steel strength, fatigue Properties and Low temperature toughness of inventive examples
Claims (3)
1. The preparation process of the ultra-high strength steel with the fatigue limit of more than 600MPa for the ocean engineering is characterized in that the manufacturing method of the steel plate of the ultra-high strength steel adopts a controlled rolling process, and then the quenching and tempering heat treatment process is carried out on the steel plate, wherein the yield strength of the steel plate is more than or equal to 1000MPa, the fatigue limit is more than or equal to 600MPa, and the impact energy at minus 80 ℃ is more than or equal to 100J; the microstructure of the steel plate is tempered martensite and VC precipitated phase; the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the weight percentage of each chemical component, C: 0.08 to 0.11%, Si: 0.20 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.70-1.00%, Ni: 6.00-8.00%, Cr: 0.50 to 0.70%, Mo: 0.80-0.90%, V: 0.05-0.08%, P: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, S: smelting with the weight percent of less than or equal to 0.001 percent and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities by adopting electroslag remelting to obtain a casting blank with the thickness of 500-700 mm;
s2, heating the casting blank to 1100-1150 ℃;
s3, rolling the casting blank in two stages, wherein the rolling starting temperature of the first stage is 1000-1100 ℃, and the rolling starting temperature of the second stage is 880-950 ℃;
s4, processing the steel plate by adopting a quenching and tempering heat treatment process; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: the first step of quenching heat treatment, wherein the temperature is 800-850 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: cooling for 30-90 min by water; and (3) tempering heat treatment in the second step, wherein the temperature is 570-620 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: and (5) cooling for 60-120 min in an air cooling mode.
2. The preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the finished steel plate is 10-50 mm.
3. The production process according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the non-metallic inclusions in the obtained ingot satisfy: class A is less than 0.5, class B is less than 0.5, class C is less than 0.5, and class D is less than 0.5.
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