CN113073260A - Steel for high-plasticity cold-roll forming with tensile strength of 500MPa and production method thereof - Google Patents
Steel for high-plasticity cold-roll forming with tensile strength of 500MPa and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113073260A CN113073260A CN202110280681.1A CN202110280681A CN113073260A CN 113073260 A CN113073260 A CN 113073260A CN 202110280681 A CN202110280681 A CN 202110280681A CN 113073260 A CN113073260 A CN 113073260A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
Abstract
A steel for cold-roll forming with high plasticity and tensile strength of 500MPa comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.085-0.18%, Si is less than or equal to 0.10%, Mn: 0.50-0.90%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S is less than or equal to 0.020%, Al: 0.010-0.040%, Ti: 0.020-0.060%; the production method comprises the following steps: argon blowing treatment is carried out on the tundish after smelting in a converter; continuously casting into a blank; heating a casting blank; rough rolling; fine rolling; and (4) coiling. The invention ensures that the tensile strength is 500-570 MPa, the yield strength is 370-420 MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 30 percent20℃KV2On the premise of 82J or more, the core bend diameter d in the cold bending test is the thickness a of the test sample, and no crack is generated when the cold bending angle is 180 °.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to steel for cold roll forming and a production method thereof, in particular to high-plasticity steel for cold roll forming with 500MPa of tensile strength and a production method thereof.
Background
Downstream enterprises in the steel industry often need to further process steel materials, and the steel materials can be put into use after being manufactured into engineering structural members, and cold roll forming is one of the most common processing modes. Cold-formed steel is produced into a steel product having a specific cross section by continuously bending a steel strip transversely at normal temperature by means of a plurality of pass forming rolls arranged in sequence. The cold-formed section steel has the advantages of high dimensional accuracy, high strength, light weight, high metal utilization rate, reasonable section shape, flexible supply and the like, is energy-saving and efficient economic section steel, and is widely applied to multiple fields of national economy. The cold-formed steel in China accounts for 1.5 percent of the total weight of steel, is far lower than 5 percent of that in foreign countries, and has a great development space.
The most used amount in the cold-bending section steel industry is low-alloy structural steel with 500 MPa-level tensile strength, such as Q355 series steel, corresponding standards such as GB/T1591 are always cited for the steel, but the standards cannot reflect the special requirements of a cold-bending forming process on raw materials, the mechanical properties of cold-bending formed products are changed compared with the raw materials, and the cold-bending formed products have residual stress due to cold work hardening; if the cold roll forming performance of the raw materials is poor, the cold roll forming processing is difficult, even the size precision of a cold roll product is influenced, and the cold roll forming processing cannot be used by an end user. The hot continuous rolling steel belt selected according to the existing standard has the defects of cracking, distortion and the like in the cold roll forming process, and great waste of social resources and natural resources is caused. Meanwhile, considering that the use amount of the 500 MPa-level low-alloy structural steel is the largest in the cold-formed steel industry, the production cost of the steel is also considered; the impact property requirement is provided for steel, and the application field and the region of cold-formed steel products can be expanded.
Prior to the present invention, those skilled in the art have not solved the existing problems and proposed many technical solutions, such as through the following searches:
chinese patent application No. CN201010597659.1 discloses 'a hot-rolled weldable fine-grained structural steel S355ML steel plate and a production method thereof', the contents of Si and Mn in the steel are 0.20-0.50% and 1.20-1.60%, respectively, in a smelting process, ladle furnace refining and vacuum refining are required, the yield strength of the steel is 390-450 MPa, the tensile strength is 520-570 MPa, the elongation is 25-28%, and the performance margin is large. The steel plate needs to be added with a noble element Nb, and a ladle furnace and vacuum treatment are adopted in the refining process, so that the production cost is increased; the elongation is 25-28%, the plastic allowance is not large, and only low d is 3a and the bending angle is 180 degrees are adopted as evaluation standards for cold bending performance.
Chinese patent application No. CN201019000011.9 discloses a 'production method of steel for LQ380G wheels', the proportion of C, Si and Mn is adjusted, trace Ti alloy elements are added, the C, Ti content is 0.06-0.08% and 0.005-0.015% respectively, and the elongation of the steel for LQ380G wheels is improved by adjusting the temperature system, namely reducing the heating temperature of a billet and increasing the finish rolling temperature and the coiling temperature. The thickness range of the steel plate related to the patent is only less than or equal to 7mm, and strict limits are also made on the heating temperature of the steel billet, the rough rolling finishing temperature, the finish rolling finishing temperature and the coiling temperature, so that the production difficulty is increased; the content of the mentioned effects in the content of the file is more, and the description of the smelting process and the rolling process, especially the actual performance, is not enough.
Chinese patent application No. CN201010017998.8 discloses a production process of Nb-containing hot-rolled narrow strip steel for automobiles, wherein the contents of Mn and Nb are 0.90-1.25% and 0.03-0.05%, and the hot-rolled narrow strip steel for automobiles is produced by preparing smelting raw materials, smelting in an electric arc furnace, refining in a ladle furnace and in vacuum, and controlling electromagnetic stirring and hot continuous rolling processes in the continuous casting process. The patent requires that a ladle furnace and vacuum treatment are adopted in the refining process except adding the noble element Nb, especially strict limitation is made on the vacuum degree, the process difficulty and the production cost are increased, and the mechanical property and the cold bending property of the product are not introduced.
A publication (Guchunyang, saddle steel SM490A hot rolled strip steel structure performance control research, saddle steel technology 2004, (1):19-22) analyzes and researches the problems of cold bending cracks, low elongation and the like of SM490A hot rolled strip steel, determines a reasonable chemical component range and a rolling process system, has a chemical component Mn content of 1.00-1.13%, and improves the comprehensive performance of the steel through Nb. The disadvantages that the production cost is increased by adding the noble element Nb; the heating temperature, the rough rolling outlet temperature, the final rolling temperature and the coiling temperature of the steel billet are strictly limited, the production process window is narrow, and the production difficulty is increased; the impact properties of the steel are not described.
Also, as disclosed in U.S. patent No. US20090866382, "a high-strength hot-rolled steel strip and a method for manufacturing the same" strictly limit the content relationship of Ti and N in the steel, increasing the difficulty of production control. U.S. Pat. No. 20080934039 discloses a "hot-rolled steel strip with excellent fatigue performance and ductility and a manufacturing method thereof", which adopts a design concept of ultra-low carbon (0.015-0.040%), has a Mn content of 0.90-1.80%, also puts requirements on Ti and C contents and a Ti/C ratio, and increases production cost and production control difficulty. A cold bending test study is carried out on steel With different compositions by a publication (Birzer, F. sheet purification Specifications and Tests With requirement to Manufacturing process. sheet Metal Working'84.1984(7-8Nov):51-80), and the proposal that the size of carbide is controlled within a certain range to obtain good extensibility, and a group of steel used in the test contains 0.061% of Al and 0.18% of Ti, so the proposal leads to high production control difficulty and low composition hit rate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provide a novel high-strength high-elongation-toughness high-tenacity high-2On the premise of being more than or equal to 82J, the bending core diameter d in the cold bending test is the thickness a of the test sample, and cracks are not generated when the cold bending angle is 180 degrees.
The measures for realizing the aim are as follows:
a steel for high plasticity cold roll forming with 500MPa of tensile strength comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.085-0.18%, Si is less than or equal to 0.10%, Mn: 0.50-0.90%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S is less than or equal to 0.020%, Al: 0.010-0.040%, Ti: 0.020 to 0.060%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably: the weight percentage of Ti is 0.026-0.056%.
A production method of steel for high plasticity cold roll forming with 500MPa of tensile strength comprises the following steps:
1) after smelting in a converter, argon blowing treatment is carried out in a tundish, and the argon blowing time is not less than 5min
2) Continuously casting into a blank, and controlling the superheat degree of molten steel to be less than or equal to 22 ℃;
3) heating the casting blank, and controlling the heating temperature of the casting blank to be 1170-1230 ℃;
3) carrying out rough rolling, and controlling the outlet temperature of the rough rolling not to exceed 1100 ℃;
4) carrying out finish rolling, and controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 780-880 ℃;
5) coiling is carried out, and the coiling temperature is controlled to be 550-650 ℃.
Preferably: the superheat degree of the molten steel is less than or equal to 19 ℃.
The mechanism and action of each element and main process of the invention
C: c exists in the steel in the form of interstitial atoms, can effectively improve the strength of steel, is the most economic strengthening element, and has the lower limit of 0.085 percent in order to ensure that the strength of the steel reaches the design requirement and embody the low-cost idea; as the carbon content in the steel increases, the elongation and impact toughness of the steel decrease, considering that the steel of the present invention is mainly used as a raw material for cold roll forming, high ductility is the most important performance requirement of the inventive steel, and meanwhile, most cold roll formed products are in a closed shape and need to be formed by a high frequency welding process, therefore, the weldability of the steel is also considered, so the C content cannot be too high, and therefore, the upper limit of the C content is 0.18%.
Si: si exists in ferrite or austenite in a solid solution state in steel, so that the yield strength of the steel is obviously improved, the plasticity and the toughness of the steel are reduced, and the cold-roll forming processing is not facilitated; the process of using silicon as deoxidizer in the steel-making process is mature, and the cost is low, so the upper limit of the Si content is 0.10%.
Mn: mn is dissolved in ferrite and austenite in a solid manner, so that the austenite region is enlarged, the phase change point of the steel in the cooling process is reduced, the hardenability of the steel is improved, the yield strength and the tensile strength of the steel can be improved, and the ductility is not obviously influenced; mn and S in the steel form MnS with a higher melting point, so that a FeS film is prevented from being formed on a crystal boundary, and the hot brittleness of the steel is eliminated, so that the lower limit of the Mn content is 0.50%; however, when the content of Mn is too high, difficulty is brought to cold roll forming processing, so that a cold roll formed product has large residual stress, even the dimensional accuracy of the cold roll formed product is affected, the use performance is affected, and the welding performance is adversely affected by too high content of Mn, with the upper limit of Mn content being 0.90%.
P: p is a harmful element in steel, increases the cold brittleness of steel, reduces the plasticity, deteriorates the welding performance, reduces the cold bending performance, and reduces the P content, which increases the production cost, so the phosphorus content in the steel is required to be less than or equal to 0.025 percent.
S: s is also a harmful element in steel, so that the steel generates hot brittleness, the ductility and the toughness of the steel are reduced, the steel generates anisotropy, the welding performance is also unfavorable, the production cost is increased by reducing the S content, and the upper limit of the S content is 0.020%.
A1: a1 is the most economical and effective deoxidizing element in the steel-making process, and A1 with a certain content can also refine the crystal grains of steel and improve the strength and toughness of the steel, so the lower limit of the Al content is 0.010%; however, the high Al content is likely to increase the inclusion in the steel, which is detrimental to the plasticity, particularly cold bending property of the steel, and the steel of the present invention also requires Ti to form oxides and nitrides in the steel to improve the cold bending formability of the steel, so the upper limit of the Al content is controlled to be 0.040%.
Ti: ti is a strong carbide and nitride forming element, TiN, Ti (C, N) and other particles formed in steel are very stable, can effectively pin grain boundaries and prevent austenite grains from growing, so that grains can be refined, the toughness and the strength of steel can be improved, meanwhile, most cold-formed products need to be formed into a closed shape by adopting a high-frequency welding process, and the lower limit is 0.020% because the welding performance can be improved by adding a proper amount of Ti. The ductility of the steel is reduced by refining the grain reinforced steel, and the addition of excessive Ti causes the increase of inclusions in the steel, and reduces the toughness and ductility, so that the upper limit of Ti is 0.060%, and preferably, the weight percentage of Ti is 0.026-0.056%.
The invention controls the superheat degree of the molten steel to be less than or equal to 22 ℃, preferably the superheat degree of the molten steel to be less than or equal to 19 ℃, and lays a foundation for obtaining steel with excellent cold bending formability because the superheat degree of the molten steel is reduced during continuous casting, and the low-melting-point solute atoms and the segregation of inclusions in the center of a casting blank are reduced through rapid and uniform solidification to obtain a homogenized casting blank.
The casting blank heating temperature is controlled to be 1170-1230 ℃, so that Ti is fully dissolved in high-temperature austenite, conditions are created for promoting Ti carbide to disperse and separate out in a ferrite matrix in the subsequent rolling stage by controlled rolling and controlled cooling, and the comprehensive mechanical property and the process property of the invention steel are deteriorated due to poor structure caused by excessive growth of austenite at high temperature.
The invention controls the outlet temperature of rough rolling not to exceed 1100 ℃, because the rough rolling is only rolled in a high-temperature austenite recrystallization region, and fine austenite grains are obtained through repeated deformation and recrystallization for many times, thereby providing a required structure for the controlled rolling in the finish rolling stage.
The invention controls the finish rolling temperature to be 780-880 ℃, because enough deformation is obtained by ensuring rolling in an austenite non-recrystallization region so as to play a role of strain accumulation on grain refinement.
The coiling temperature is controlled to be 550-650 ℃, because the ferrite phase transformation is completed in the temperature range, Ti carbide is most favorably dispersed and precipitated in a ferrite matrix, the ferrite matrix is strengthened, and the microalloying effect of Ti is fully exerted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can further improve the toughness and the strength of steel products and can also improve the welding performance of the steel products by thinning the crystal grains by Ti; because the invention only carries out the external refining process of argon blowing after tapping, the production cost is reduced; because the supercooling degree is controlled in the continuous casting process, a homogenized casting blank is obtained, and a foundation is laid for obtaining steel with excellent cold bending formability. The steel has good plasticity, excellent impact property at minus 20 ℃ and excellent cold bending property, the bending core diameter of a cold bending test is d equal to the thickness a of a test sample, and when the bending angle is 180 degrees, no crack exists on the outer surface of the bent test sample; the thin-specification long-strip-shaped cold-formed product does not generate distortion, has high dimensional precision and is suitable for manufacturing cold-formed steel products with complex sections.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram (ferrite grain size 12 grade) of the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples:
table 1 is a list of values of the components of each example and comparative example of the present invention;
table 2 is a list of values of main process parameters of each example and comparative example of the present invention;
table 3 is a table of the results of the performance tests of the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) after smelting in a converter, argon blowing treatment is carried out in a tundish, and the argon blowing time is not less than 5min
2) Continuously casting into a blank, and controlling the superheat degree of molten steel to be less than or equal to 22 ℃;
3) heating the casting blank, and controlling the heating temperature of the casting blank to be 1170-1230 ℃;
3) carrying out rough rolling, and controlling the outlet temperature of the rough rolling not to exceed 1100 ℃;
4) carrying out finish rolling, and controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 780-880 ℃;
5) coiling is carried out, and the coiling temperature is controlled to be 550-650 ℃.
TABLE 1 chemical composition List for inventive and comparative examples
TABLE 2 List of the main process parameters for the examples of the invention and the comparative examples
TABLE 3 test results of mechanical Properties of examples and comparative examples of the present invention
Description of the drawings: in the context of Table 3, the following examples are,
1. the impact power value is the conversion value of a standard sample, and the average value is shown in brackets;
2. d is the bending core diameter in the cold bending test, and a is the thickness of the sample.
As can be seen from Table 3, the tensile strength of the steel is 500-570 MPa, the yield strength is 370-420 MPa, the elongation A after fracture is more than or equal to 30%, and the steel has good plasticity and is suitable for cold bending processing; the steel has excellent impact property at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, and the application field and the region of the steel cold-formed steel product are expanded; the steel has excellent cold bending performance, the bending core diameter d of a cold bending test is equal to the thickness a of the test sample, when the bending angle is 180 degrees, the outer surface of the bent test sample has no crack, and the cold bending performance result is evaluated to be 'good'. The steel has good comprehensive performance, particularly cold-bending forming performance, the cold-bent product does not crack, the thin-specification long-strip-shaped cold-bent product does not generate distortion, the cold-bent product has high dimensional precision, and the steel is most suitable for manufacturing cold-bent section steel products with complex sections.
The embodiments of the present invention are merely preferred examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A steel for high plasticity cold roll forming with 500MPa of tensile strength comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.085-0.18%, Si is less than or equal to 0.10%, Mn: 0.50-0.90%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S is less than or equal to 0.020%, Al: 0.010-0.040%, Ti: 0.020 to 0.060%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The steel for high plasticity cold roll forming with 500MPa level tensile strength according to claim 1, wherein: the weight percentage of Ti is 0.026-0.056%.
3. The production method of a high plasticity cold roll forming steel with 500MPa of tensile strength according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) after smelting in a converter, argon blowing treatment is carried out in a tundish, and the argon blowing time is not less than 5min
2) Continuously casting into a blank, and controlling the superheat degree of molten steel to be less than or equal to 22 ℃;
3) heating the casting blank, and controlling the heating temperature of the casting blank to be 1170-1230 ℃;
3) carrying out rough rolling, and controlling the outlet temperature of the rough rolling not to exceed 1100 ℃;
4) carrying out finish rolling, and controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 780-880 ℃;
5) coiling is carried out, and the coiling temperature is controlled to be 550-650 ℃.
4. The method for producing a high plasticity cold roll forming steel with a tensile strength of 500MPa according to claim 3, wherein: the superheat degree of the molten steel is less than or equal to 19 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115233097A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-25 | 嘉兴恒冠汽车部件有限公司 | 500MPa spoke steel and production method thereof |
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| CN110343960A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-18 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of high cold-bending property automobile steel and its manufacturing method |
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2021
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| JPH07188748A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-07-25 | Nkk Corp | Production of steel tube having high strength and low yield ratio for construction use |
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Application publication date: 20210706 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |