CN113073224A - Preparation method of platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material - Google Patents
Preparation method of platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113073224A CN113073224A CN202110294719.0A CN202110294719A CN113073224A CN 113073224 A CN113073224 A CN 113073224A CN 202110294719 A CN202110294719 A CN 202110294719A CN 113073224 A CN113073224 A CN 113073224A
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- platinum group
- group metal
- strengthening material
- platinum
- metal dispersion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/17—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material, which comprises the following steps: mixing and smelting platinum group metals and a strengthening material to prepare an ingot, wherein the strengthening material comprises metal zirconium; then, the cast ingot is deformed along the specified direction of the crystal lattice, and the deformed cast ingot is processed into platinum group metal alloy powder; and sintering the platinum group metal alloy powder, and then carrying out stress-relief forming treatment to obtain the platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material. The invention also discloses a platinum group metal dispersion strengthened material prepared by the method. The preparation method of the platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, suitability for industrial production, low cost and the like, and the prepared platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material has excellent high-temperature mechanical properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material.
Background
Currently, platinum group metal materials (e.g., platinum or alloys thereof) are widely used in the glass industry and other fields due to their high melting point and excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance. However, the pure platinum material has the following disadvantages when applied in a high-temperature environment: the mechanical strength at high temperature is very low; excessive grain growth in the lattice structure; in the case of platinum group metal sheets, in extreme cases, the grain boundaries of a single grain may even extend to the thickness of an entire platinum sheet (see FIG. 1). The existence of these defects severely limits the further popularization and application of platinum group metals. With respect to such problems, many researchers in the industry believe that an alternative solution is to diffuse certain oxides (e.g., zirconia, yttria, etc.) between the platinum grain boundaries, completely preventing grain growth, to maintain the material's properties constant throughout the life cycle. One particular solution that exists is generally: the platinum group metal plate material formed by alternately laminating pure platinum group metals and Zr, etc. and then hot-pressing has an increased strength in the thickness direction, but has no significant improvement in the strength in the plane direction of the plate material. The other specific solution at present is to prepare platinum group metal powder, uniformly mix the platinum group metal powder with powder of Zr or oxides thereof, and then sequentially perform cold isostatic pressing, sintering and rolling treatment. However, the platinum group metal powder is substantially spherical particles, which results in weak bonding strength between particles, large internal stress during rolling, and anisotropy, and finally results in poor properties of the obtained product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of a platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material, which overcomes the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material, which comprises the following steps:
mixing and smelting platinum group metals and a strengthening material to prepare an ingot, wherein the strengthening material comprises metal zirconium;
deforming the cast ingot along the specified direction of the crystal lattice, and processing the deformed cast ingot into platinum group metal alloy powder;
and sintering the platinum group metal alloy powder, and then carrying out stress-relief forming treatment to obtain the platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material.
In some embodiments, the content of the strengthening material in the ingot is 0.01 wt% to 0.5 wt%.
In some embodiments, the platinum group metal comprises a platinum rhodium alloy.
In some embodiments, Rh content in the platinum rhodium alloy is 1 wt% to 30 wt%.
In some embodiments, the platinum group metal alloy powder has a particle size of 100 μm to 1 mm.
In some embodiments, the method of making comprises: and (3) deforming the ingot along the specified direction of the crystal lattice by rolling. Preferably, the rolling method used therein is cold rolling.
In some embodiments, the stress-relieved forming process comprises forging and rolling. Preferably, the forging method used therein is free forging. Preferably, the rolling method used therein is cold rolling.
Embodiments of the invention also provide platinum group metal dispersion-strengthened materials made by any of the foregoing methods.
In some embodiments, the platinum group metal dispersion-strengthened material is a sheet material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the preparation method of the platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material has the advantages of simple process, low cost and the like, and is suitable for industrial production;
2) the prepared platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material has excellent high-temperature mechanical property, the material characteristics are not attenuated in the life cycle under the high-temperature environment, the mechanical strength is increased by 4-8 times compared with the existing platinum-rhodium alloy material, the creep strength is increased by nearly 1000 times compared with metal platinum, and the corrosion resistance is also greatly enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic photograph of a metallic Pt rolled sheet prepared by a smelting process;
FIG. 2 is a creep rupture strength test chart of a platinum-rhodium alloy rolled plate prepared by the melting method in comparative example 1 at different temperatures;
FIG. 3 is a creep rupture strength test pattern at different temperatures for a platinum-rhodium alloy rolled plate prepared by the smelting method in comparative example 2;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic photograph of a platinum rhodium alloy dispersion strengthened material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a SEM photograph of a platinum-rhodium alloy dispersion-strengthened material prepared in example 1 after fracture;
FIG. 6 is a creep rupture strength test pattern at different temperatures for a platinum rhodium alloy dispersion strengthened material (rolled sheet) prepared in example 1;
FIG. 7 is a creep rupture strength test pattern at different temperatures for one of the platinum metal dispersion strengthened materials (rolled sheet) prepared in example 2;
FIG. 8 is a creep rupture strength test chart at 1400 ℃ for three platinum-rhodium alloy dispersion strengthened materials (rolled sheets) prepared in example 1 and one platinum-rhodium alloy rolled sheet prepared in comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to several embodiments as follows. It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, each raw material and equipment used in the following examples may be obtained by a commercially available method, and operations such as melting, casting, rolling, sintering, forging, and the like may be performed in a manner known in the art.
Comparative example 1: according to the method described in the literature (such as "platinum-rhodium alloy performance research" [ J ]. casting technology, 2010, 31 (11): 1439-1440), metal platinum and metal rhodium are mixed and smelted, and then directly rolled to obtain the smelting alloy PtRh10 plate with the thickness of about 1 mm.
Comparative example 2: according to the method described in the literature (such as "platinum-rhodium alloy performance research" [ J ]. casting technology, 2010, 31 (11): 1439-1440), metal platinum and metal rhodium are mixed and smelted, and then directly rolled to obtain the smelting alloy PtRh20 plate with the thickness of about 1 mm.
Examples 1-2 according to the formulation listed in table 1 below, a platinum-rhodium alloy, metallic platinum, metallic zirconium, etc. were mixed and melted to prepare an ingot, and then the ingot was cold-rolled to deform the ingot in a given direction of the lattice until the metallic crystal grains therein were oriented and arranged, and then the deformed ingot was processed into platinum group metal alloy powder having a particle size of 100 μm to 1mm, and then the platinum group metal alloy powder was sintered, and then free-forged and cold-rolled to obtain a platinum-rhodium alloy dispersion strengthened material rolled sheet having a thickness of about 0.5 to 2 mm.
Wherein the three rolled sheets prepared in example 1 were named separately
(the Zr content in the three samples gradually decreased). One rolled sheet prepared in example 2 was designated as
TABLE 1
Creep rupture strengths of the samples prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 at different temperatures were measured, and the results are shown in fig. 2, 3, 6, and 7, respectively.
The results of the creep rupture strength test at 1400 ℃ for the three samples prepared in example 1 are shown in FIG. 8.
The respective test data shown in fig. 2, 3, 6, 7, and 8 are average values of a plurality of samples of the same kind after a plurality of tests.
The fracture time of the smelting alloy PtRh10 plate and the smelting alloy PtRh20 plate is about 10 hours and about 20 hours respectively at the working temperature of 1400 ℃ and the working tension of 8 MPa.
The foregoing description of the invention
A sheet material,
The fracture time of the plate at the working temperature of 1400 ℃ and the working tension of 8MPa is about 200h and about 10000h respectively.
One prepared in example 1
The metallographic photograph of the sample is shown in fig. 4, the fracture time of the sample under the conditions of the working temperature of 1400 ℃ and the working tension of 17MPa is about 1200h, and the scanning electron micrograph after fracture is shown in fig. 5.
It should be understood that the foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and that numerous changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention and these are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing a platinum group metal dispersion-strengthened material, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing and smelting platinum group metals and a strengthening material to prepare an ingot, wherein the strengthening material comprises metal zirconium;
deforming the cast ingot along the specified direction of the crystal lattice, and processing the deformed cast ingot into platinum group metal alloy powder;
and sintering the platinum group metal alloy powder, and then carrying out stress-relief forming treatment to obtain the platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the content of the reinforced material in the cast ingot is 0.01 wt% -0.5 wt%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the platinum group metal includes a platinum rhodium alloy.
4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the content of Rh in the platinum-rhodium alloy is 1 wt% -30 wt%.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the platinum group metal alloy powder is 100 mu m-1 mm.
6. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: and (3) deforming the ingot along the specified direction of the crystal lattice by a cold rolling mode.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the stress-relieved forming process includes forging and rolling.
8. Platinum group metal dispersion strengthened material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The platinum group metal dispersion-strengthened material as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the platinum group metal dispersion strengthening material is a plate.
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Citations (12)
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| CN111004940A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-14 | 北京中创时代科技有限公司 | Platinum-rhodium alloy metal material for manufacturing wire drawing bushing with annual output of 20000t for basalt fiber |
| CN111519058A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 重庆国际复合材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of in-situ synthesized nano-oxide particle dispersion strengthened platinum-based alloy material |
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2021
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