CN113072039A - Method for preparing silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas - Google Patents
Method for preparing silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN113072039A CN113072039A CN202110332989.6A CN202110332989A CN113072039A CN 113072039 A CN113072039 A CN 113072039A CN 202110332989 A CN202110332989 A CN 202110332989A CN 113072039 A CN113072039 A CN 113072039A
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- tail gas
- silicon
- composite material
- carbon composite
- silane
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- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
- C01B33/021—Preparation
- C01B33/027—Preparation by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: s1: tail gas preheating: preparing silane tail gas for later use, and preheating the silane tail gas; s2: high-temperature heat treatment: conveying the preheated tail gas into a high-temperature kettle for heating, and carrying out heat treatment on the tail gas; s3: collecting silicon powder and carbon powder: collecting silicon powder and carbon powder in the gas through a dust collecting device during heat treatment; s4: mixing preparation: mixing the collected silicon powder with carbon powder to prepare a silicon-carbon composite material; the invention has the beneficial effects that: the preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite material has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency, low manufacturing cost, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of silicon-carbon composite materials, in particular to a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas.
Background
With the increasing exhaustion of fossil fuels and the rapid development of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, the research on new energy sources such as power source batteries has become a focus of global attention, and lithium ion batteries have been widely used due to their excellent characteristics of high energy density, high power density, good cycle performance, environmental friendliness, diversified structures, low price, and the like; in terms of the structure of the lithium ion battery, the lithium ion battery mainly comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a diaphragm and an electrolyte, and whether the electrode performance of a negative electrode material can be further improved becomes a determining factor for restricting the performance of the lithium ion battery; aiming at the development requirements of the lithium ion power battery, the negative electrode material is objectively required to have the characteristics of high capacity, rapid charge and discharge, high thermal stability, low manufacturing cost and the like.
The existing silicon-carbon composite material is generally prepared by physically mixing and compounding graphite and silicon powder; the silicon powder is usually made into nano silicon powder by utilizing micron silicon powder and ball milling by a sand mill, and then is mixed with graphite to form a silicon-carbon composite material; the existing silicon-carbon composite material has the disadvantages of complex preparation, higher cost, low production efficiency and great pollution to the environment.
When the silane is prepared at present, particularly when the low-grade silane is utilized to produce the high-grade silane, the tail gas of the silane production equipment usually contains about ten percent of silane and about ninety percent of ethane, propane and other components, and the tail gas of the silane production equipment cannot be utilized after the silane production equipment is used, so that the energy waste is serious; in order to solve the phenomenon, the applicant researches a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas, which is used for solving the problems of complex preparation and great environmental pollution of the currently prepared silicon-carbon composite material.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: tail gas preheating: preparing silane tail gas for later use, and preheating the silane tail gas;
s2: high-temperature heat treatment: conveying the preheated tail gas into a high-temperature kettle for heating, and carrying out heat treatment on the tail gas; wherein: thermally decomposing silane in the silane tail gas into silicon powder and hydrogen, and thermally decomposing ethane and propane into carbon powder and hydrogen;
s3: collecting silicon powder and carbon powder: collecting silicon powder and carbon powder in the gas through a dust collecting device during heat treatment;
s4: mixing preparation: and mixing the collected silicon powder with carbon powder to obtain the silicon-carbon composite material.
Preferably: the preheating temperature in the S1 is 200-400 ℃.
Preferably: the preheating temperature is 300 ℃.
Preferably: the temperature of the heat treatment is 1000-1200 ℃.
Preferably: the dust collecting device is a filtering device.
Preferably: the filtering device is a filter screen.
Preferably: s3 further includes a hydrogen gas collecting device for collecting the gas during collection of the silicon powder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, a heat treatment mode is adopted, in the high-temperature treatment, silicon-hydrogen bonds of silane are easy to break, the silicon-silicon bonds are easy to generate, powdery and a small amount of film-shaped fixed silicon can be formed, powdery solid silicon is silicon powder, the silicon powder is precipitated in the heat treatment process, and meanwhile, the silicon powder and carbon powder in the gas are filtered, intercepted and collected by using a filter screen; silane tail gas is treated, recycled and energy is saved, and silane tail gas is thermally decomposed into silicon powder and carbon powder to be collected, so that the silicon-carbon composite material is prepared, the process is simple and convenient, the production efficiency is improved, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the silicon-carbon composite material is energy-saving and environment-friendly; and hydrogen can be generated in the manufacturing process and can be recycled.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: tail gas preheating: preparing silane tail gas for later use, and preheating the silane tail gas at the preheating temperature of 300 ℃;
s2: high-temperature heat treatment: conveying the preheated tail gas to a high-temperature kettle for heating, and carrying out heat treatment on the tail gas, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 1000-1200 ℃; wherein: thermally decomposing silane in the silane tail gas into silicon powder and hydrogen, and thermally decomposing ethane and propane into carbon powder and hydrogen;
s3: collecting silicon powder and carbon powder: collecting silicon powder and carbon powder in the gas through a dust collecting device during heat treatment;
s4: mixing preparation: and mixing the collected silicon powder with carbon powder to obtain the silicon-carbon composite material.
In addition, hydrogen is generated in the process of preparing the silicon powder, a hydrogen collecting device for collecting the filtered (collected silicon powder) gas is also included, and the hydrogen can be directly discharged in other embodiments.
According to the technical scheme, in high-temperature treatment, silicon-hydrogen bonds of silane are easy to break, the silicon-silicon bonds are easy to generate, powdery and a small amount of film-shaped fixed silicon can be formed, powdery solid silicon is silicon powder, the silicon powder is precipitated in the heat treatment process, and meanwhile, the silicon powder in gas is filtered, intercepted and collected by using the filter screen; the silane tail gas is treated and recycled, so that energy is saved, silane, ethane and propane in the silane tail gas are fully utilized, and the silane tail gas is thermally decomposed into silicon powder and carbon powder to be collected, so that the silicon-carbon composite material is prepared, no additional material is required, the process is simple and convenient, the production efficiency is improved, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the silicon-carbon composite material is energy-saving and environment-friendly; and hydrogen can be generated in the manufacturing process and can be recycled.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: tail gas preheating: preparing silane tail gas for later use, and preheating the silane tail gas;
s2: high-temperature heat treatment: conveying the preheated tail gas into a high-temperature kettle for heating, and carrying out heat treatment on the tail gas;
s3: collecting silicon powder and carbon powder: collecting silicon powder and carbon powder in the gas through a dust collecting device during heat treatment;
s4: mixing preparation: and mixing the collected silicon powder with carbon powder to obtain the silicon-carbon composite material.
2. The method for preparing the silicon-carbon composite material by using the silane tail gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preheating temperature in the S1 is 200-400 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the silicon-carbon composite material by using the silane tail gas as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preheating temperature is 300 ℃.
4. The method for preparing the silicon-carbon composite material by using the silane tail gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature of the heat treatment is 1000-1200 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the silicon-carbon composite material by using the silane tail gas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the dust collecting device is a filtering device.
6. The method for preparing the silicon-carbon composite material by using the silane tail gas as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the filtering device is a filter screen.
7. The method for preparing the silicon-carbon composite material by using the silane tail gas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the S3 further includes a hydrogen collecting device for collecting gas when collecting silicon powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110332989.6A CN113072039A (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Method for preparing silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110332989.6A CN113072039A (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Method for preparing silicon-carbon composite material by using silane tail gas |
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| CN113072039A true CN113072039A (en) | 2021-07-06 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114225852A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 浙江中宁硅业有限公司 | Method and device for preparing silicon-carbon composite material based on gas phase decomposition method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3025702A1 (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-01 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | High purity, amorphous silicon powder, method for preparation of same and use of same |
| CN110526248A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江中宁硅业有限公司 | A kind of silane gas phase thermal decomposition prepares the method and device of high-purity nano grade silicon powder |
| CN111261861A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-06-09 | 金雪莉 | Method for continuously preparing high-purity carbon-silicon nano material |
| GB202017168D0 (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-12-16 | Cenate As | Predominantly amorphous silicon particles and use thereof as active anode material in secondary lithium ion batteries |
-
2021
- 2021-03-29 CN CN202110332989.6A patent/CN113072039A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3025702A1 (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-01 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | High purity, amorphous silicon powder, method for preparation of same and use of same |
| CN110526248A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江中宁硅业有限公司 | A kind of silane gas phase thermal decomposition prepares the method and device of high-purity nano grade silicon powder |
| CN111261861A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-06-09 | 金雪莉 | Method for continuously preparing high-purity carbon-silicon nano material |
| GB202017168D0 (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-12-16 | Cenate As | Predominantly amorphous silicon particles and use thereof as active anode material in secondary lithium ion batteries |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114225852A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 浙江中宁硅业有限公司 | Method and device for preparing silicon-carbon composite material based on gas phase decomposition method |
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