CN113070287B - Method and device for removing paint in water - Google Patents
Method and device for removing paint in water Download PDFInfo
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- CN113070287B CN113070287B CN202110312638.9A CN202110312638A CN113070287B CN 113070287 B CN113070287 B CN 113070287B CN 202110312638 A CN202110312638 A CN 202110312638A CN 113070287 B CN113070287 B CN 113070287B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
- B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cleaning, in particular to a method and a device for removing paint in water. The method comprises the following steps: determining the peak impact force intensity of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water according to the acoustic impedance parameter of the laser pulse in water; determining the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water based on the momentum conservation law; the energy density range of the laser pulse is determined from the coefficients of the water and paint contact surfaces and the coefficients of the paint and substrate contact surfaces. In practical applications, the laser pulse can be used to remove the lacquer layer of the water with high efficiency and quality as long as the selected laser energy density is within a certain laser pulse energy density range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cleaning, in particular to a method and a device for removing paint in water.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of optical technology and the increasing performance of lasers, it has become possible to remove large-area lacquer layers using lasers.
For some objects which are in water for a long time, such as ships, large bridges and the like, the surface coating is usually stripped due to the corrosion of water, and regular repair and maintenance are required. In order not to affect the quality of the new paint layer, the original paint layer must be cleaned and removed, and the cleanliness of the substrate can even seriously affect the service life of the steel product.
In the process of removing paint from underwater objects by laser, the selection of laser parameters can greatly influence the removal efficiency and effect of paint layers. The effect is got rid of in order promoting lacquer layer, often adds the liquid confined layer in the one side that the lacquer layer is close to water, grope through a large amount of experiments and obtain suitable laser parameter that is used for lacquer layer to get rid of, wastes time and energy, and efficiency is very low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method and a device for removing paint in water. Based on respective acoustic impedance and physical properties of water, the paint layer and the substrate material, the optimal energy density range of laser when the paint layer is removed is calculated, and high-quality and high-efficiency removal of the paint layer in water can be realized by selecting laser pulses with energy densities within the optimal energy density range.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
an in-water paint removal method comprising:
determining the peak impact force intensity of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water according to the acoustic impedance parameter of the laser pulse in water;
determining the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water based on the momentum conservation law;
determining the energy density range of the laser pulse according to the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate;
and (3) realizing paint removal in water by using laser pulses with energy density within the energy density range.
Optionally, determining the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water according to the acoustic impedance parameter of the laser pulse in water, specifically including:
and determining the peak impact force intensity of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water according to the acoustic impedance of the water and the acoustic impedance of the paint layer.
Optionally, the coefficient of the water and paint contacting surface comprises a reflection coefficient of the water and paint contacting surface and a transmission coefficient of the water and paint contacting surface.
Optionally, the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate comprises the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate.
Optionally, based on the law of conservation of momentum, determining the coefficient of the contact surface between the water and the paint layer according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water, specifically including:
determining parameters of mass points in water and parameters of mass points in the paint layer according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water;
and determining the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer based on the momentum conservation law according to the particle parameters in the water and the particle parameters in the paint layer.
Optionally, calculating a particle speed of an incident wave and a particle speed of a reflected wave in the paint layer according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water;
determining the particle stress and the particle speed of the paint layer according to the particle speed of the incident wave and the particle speed of the reflected wave;
determining particle stress and particle velocity of the water according to the acoustic impedance of the water;
and determining the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer based on the momentum conservation law according to the particle stress and the particle speed of the paint layer and the particle stress and the particle speed of the water.
Optionally, based on the law of conservation of momentum, determining the coefficient of the contact surface between the paint layer and the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water, specifically including:
determining a mass point parameter in the paint layer and a mass point parameter in the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water;
and determining the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate based on the momentum conservation law according to the parameters of the particles in the paint layer and the parameters of the particles in the substrate.
Optionally, calculating a particle speed of an incident wave and a particle speed of a reflected wave in the paint layer according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water;
determining the particle stress and the particle speed of the paint layer according to the particle speed of the incident wave and the particle speed of the reflected wave;
determining the particle stress and the particle speed of the substrate according to the acoustic impedance of the substrate;
and determining the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate based on the momentum conservation law according to the particle stress and the particle speed of the paint layer and the particle stress and the particle speed of the substrate.
Optionally, determining the energy density range of the laser pulse according to the coefficient of the contact surface between the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface between the paint layer and the substrate includes:
the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer, the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate and the peak impact strength of the laser pulse in the water have a first correlation with the tensile strength of the paint layer and a second correlation with the compressive strength of the substrate;
determining a lower energy density bound of the laser pulse according to the first incidence relation;
determining an upper energy density bound of the laser pulse according to the second incidence relation;
determining an energy density range of the laser pulse according to the upper energy density bound and the lower energy density bound.
The invention also provides a paint removing device in water, which comprises:
the first calculation module is used for determining the peak impact force intensity of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water according to the acoustic impedance parameter of the laser pulse in water;
the second calculation module is used for determining the coefficient of the contact surface between the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface between the paint layer and the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water based on the momentum conservation law;
a third calculation module for determining the energy density range of the laser pulse according to the coefficients of the water and paint contacting surfaces and the coefficients of the paint and substrate contacting surfaces;
and the laser applying module is used for realizing paint removal in water by utilizing the laser pulse with the energy density within the energy density range.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention considers that in the process of removing paint in water by using laser pulse, laser needs to pass through a water layer and a paint layer in sequence and finally irradiates a substrate covered by the paint layer. Namely, the contact surface of the water and the paint layer exists between the water and the paint layer, and the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate exists between the paint layer and the substrate. The invention considers that the physical properties of the water layer, the paint layer and the substrate are different, and determines the optimal energy density range of laser pulses required by realizing efficient and high-quality paint removal by utilizing the acoustic impedance of water, the acoustic impedance of the paint layer and the acoustic impedance of the substrate based on the momentum conservation law. The optimum energy density range is related to the acoustic impedance of water, the acoustic impedance of the paint layer, the acoustic impedance of the substrate, the tensile strength of the paint layer, and the compressive strength of the substrate. If the energy density of the selected laser pulse is within the optimal energy density range, the laser pulse can not damage the original substrate structure, and can effectively remove the paint layer coated on the surface of the substrate, so that the problems that the paint layer in the water is not easy to remove and the removal quality is not high in the prior art are effectively solved, and the efficient and high-quality removal of the paint layer in the water can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for removing paint from water in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an underwater paint remover in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of the symbols:
1-a first calculation module, 2-a second calculation module, 3-a third calculation module, 4-a laser application module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the problems of low paint removing efficiency and low paint removing quality in the existing water, the peak impact strength of the laser pulse in the water, namely the acting force of the impact wave, is calculated on the basis of the acoustic impedances of the water, the paint and the base material. And then, respectively calculating three parameters of the intensity of the shock wave reflected to the paint layer and the intensity of the shock wave transmitted to the substrate on the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate, the contact surface of the water and the paint layer according to the acoustic impedances of the three parameters. And further respectively calculating particle velocity parameters and stress parameters of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate according to the momentum conservation law. And finally, determining the energy density range of laser pulse for removing paint in water according to the three calculated parameters of the shock wave intensity reflected to the paint film and the shock wave intensity transmitted to the substrate by the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate, the contact surface of the water layer and the paint layer, and the particle speed parameter and the stress parameter at the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate, and the staff can directly set the laser pulse parameter according to the energy density range of the laser pulse, thereby realizing the high-efficiency and high-quality removal of the paint layer in water.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1:
as shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a method for removing paint from water in example 1, wherein S1-S4 correspond to each step of the method. The method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the peak impact force intensity of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water according to the acoustic impedance parameter of the laser pulse in water;
s2, determining the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water based on the momentum conservation law;
s3, determining the energy density range of the laser pulse according to the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate;
and S4, utilizing the laser pulse with the energy density within the energy density range to realize paint removal in water.
The above steps are explained in detail as follows:
determining the acoustic impedance z of waterCAcoustic impedance z of paint layerAAnd the acoustic impedance z of the substrateB. And determining a proportionality coefficient alpha of the thermal energy in the plasma shock wave and the pulse width tau of the laser.
And the acoustic impedance of the water, the acoustic impedance of the paint layer and the acoustic impedance of the substrate are physical properties corresponding to respective materials. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
acoustic impedance z of waterC＝ρCcCAcoustic impedance z of paint layerA＝ρAcAAcoustic impedance of the substrate zB＝ρBcB。
Where ρ isC、ρAAnd ρBRespectively representing the density of water, the density of the paint layer and the density of the substrate; c. CC、cAAnd cBRepresenting the propagation speed of the laser pulse in water, in the paint layer and in the substrate, respectively.
When the paint layer is irradiated from water by using laser pulses, the evaporation of steam is limited due to the constraint of water, and simultaneously, a large number of laser pulses are coupled in the plasma shock wave of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer, and the pressure of the plasma shock wave on the contact surface of the water and the paint layer is greatly increased compared with the pressure of the plasma shock wave in the air. The peak impact strength σ of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water is determined, and the calculated peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water is used for calculating the energy density range of the subsequent laser pulse.
Peak impact strength of laser pulses coupled into the paint layer in water:
wherein sigma represents the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water, and the unit is Pa; alpha represents the proportionality coefficient of heat energy to internal energy in the plasma shock wave, and is 0.1 in the embodiment.
Wherein Z represents the acoustic impedance Z of waterCAnd acoustic impedance z of the paint layerATotal acoustic impedance of the structure is Kg.m-2·s-1(ii) a I represents the energy density of the laser pulse and has the unit of J.m < -2 >; τ denotes the pulse width of the laser pulse, in units s,
has the unit of W/m2。
The law of propagation of the laser pulses in water in three media, water, paint and substrate, was then analysed: the calculated peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water is the impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer, the impact wave coupled into the paint layer can be reflected and transmitted through the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate, one part of the impact wave is reflected back to the paint layer, and the other part of the impact wave is transmitted to the substrate. Wherein the reflection intensity is sigmaRTransmission intensity of σT(ii) a The shock wave reflected back into the paint layer is reflected back into the paint layer through the contact surface of the water and the paint layer for the second time, and the intensity of the second reflection is sigma'R。
The stresses and velocities of the particles at the interface between the water and paint layers and at the interface between the paint and substrate are then analyzed from a microscopic perspective according to the law of conservation of momentum.
Based on the above-mentioned findings, it is possible to,particles located within the layer of paint include particles that are reflected into the layer of paint from the point of incidence into the layer of paint and from the interface of the layer of paint and the substrate. The velocities of the two particles are v1And v'1. Wherein:
v1representing the velocity of a particle incident into the paint layer; sigma represents the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water; z is a radical ofARepresenting the acoustic impedance of the paint layer; v'1Representing the velocity of particles reflected into the paint layer from the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate; sigmaRWhich indicates the intensity of the contact surface of the lacquer layer and the substrate at which the laser pulse produces a reflection of the laser pulse to the lacquer layer.
The waves in the paint layer are superposed, so that the stress and the velocity of the particles in the superposed wave of the incident wave coupled into the paint layer in the paint layer and the reflected wave reflected into the paint layer from the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate are respectively sigmaAAnd vA。
Wherein:
σA＝σ+σR，
σArepresenting the stress of particles in the superposition wave; v. ofARepresenting the velocity of the particles in the superposition wave.
After analyzing the stress and velocity of the particles in the paint layer, the stress and velocity of the particles in the substrate were analyzed: since only the laser pulses transmitted by the contact surface of the lacquer layer and the substrate are present in the substrate, the stress and velocity of the particles in the substrate are only related to the relevant parameters of the substrate.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
σB＝σT，
wherein σBRepresenting the stress of a particle in the substrate; v. ofBRepresenting the velocity of a particle in the substrate; sigmaTRepresenting the intensity of the contact surface of the lacquer layer and the substrate to the transmission of the laser pulse to the substrate by the laser pulse; z is a radical ofBRepresenting the acoustic impedance of the substrate.
Then, according to the law of conservation of momentum, the stress and velocity of the particles in the superposition wave and the stress and velocity of the particles in the substrate are correspondingly continuous, that is, sigmaA＝σB，vA＝vB。
The following system of equations can thus be constructed:
the intensity σ of the reflection of the laser pulse to the paint layer of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate produced by the laser pulse can be determined from this equationRContact surface with paint layer and substrate has intensity sigma of transmission action generated by laser pulse and transmitting laser pulse to substrateT。
And due to sigmaRAnd σTThe following relationships exist respectively with the peak impact strength σ of the laser pulse in water:
σR＝Rσ，σT＝Tσ
wherein R represents the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate, and T represents the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate.
By combining the formula with the equation system, the reflection coefficient of the contact surface between the paint layer and the substrate and the relation between the transmission coefficient and the acoustic impedance of the contact surface between the paint layer and the substrate can be obtained:
wherein z isARepresenting the acoustic impedance, z, of the paint layerBRepresenting the acoustic impedance of the substrate.
Calculating the reflection coefficient of the contact surface between the paint layer and the substrate and the paintAfter the transmission coefficients of the contact surfaces of the layer and the substrate are respectively in relation with the acoustic impedance of the paint layer and the acoustic impedance of the substrate, the acoustic impedance z of the substrate in the formula can be directly adjustedBAcoustic impedance z replaced by waterCAnd obtaining the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer:
wherein R' represents the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer; t' represents the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of water and the paint layer; z is a radical ofARepresenting the acoustic impedance of the paint layer; z is a radical ofCRepresenting the acoustic impedance of water.
After determining the reflection coefficient of the contact surface between water and paint, the transmission coefficient of the contact surface between water and paint, the reflection coefficient of the contact surface between paint and substrate and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface between paint and substrate, the intensity σ of the reflection of the laser pulse to the paint generated by the contact surface between paint and substrate can be determined on the basis of these parametersRThe contact surface of water and paint layer faces the intensity σ 'of the reflection produced by the laser pulse that reflects the laser pulse to the paint layer'RAnd the contact surface of the lacquer layer and the substrate has an intensity sigma of a transmission effect of the laser pulse to the substrateTAnd determining the energy density range of the laser pulse based on the calculated intensity parameters. After the energy density range is determined, a worker can directly select laser pulses with any energy density in the energy density range, the laser pulses are utilized to carry out paint removal operation in water, and the laser pulses in the energy density range can realize efficient and high-quality removal of a paint layer on the surface of the substrate in water.
The specific principle for determining the energy density range is as follows:
the acoustic impedance of water, the acoustic impedance of the paint layer and the acoustic impedance of the substrate have the following relationships: acoustic impedance of water < acoustic impedance of paint layer < acoustic impedance of substrate.
The plasma shock wave of the laser pulse entering the paint layer from the water breakdown water and paint layer contact surface is the incident wave, specifically, the incident wave is the compression wave. Reflection and transmission occur when an incident wave propagates to the surface where the paint layer and substrate contact. Since the acoustic impedance of the paint layer is smaller than that of the substrate, the reflected wave and the transmitted wave remain compression waves, and the transmitted wave is increased compared to the incident wave. When the compression wave reflected to the paint layer propagates to the contact surface between the water and the paint layer, the reflected wave will become a tensile stress wave, since the acoustic impedance of the paint layer is greater than the acoustic impedance of the water.
If the tensile stress is greater than the tensile strength of the paint layer, the tensile stress can cause the paint layer to be broken, so that the high-pressure plasma is sprayed outwards to release the pressure, and the paint layer can be effectively removed. At the same time, the base material has a compressive strength, and if the compressive stress transmitted to the base material is greater than the compressive strength of the base material, the compressive stress will damage the base material, so that the base material is damaged while the paint layer is removed, and the paint layer removal effect is affected.
Therefore, to ensure laser paint removal, the tensile stress is greater than the tensile strength of the paint layer, while the compressive stress is less than the compressive strength of the substrate. The tensile strength of the paint layer and the compressive strength of the substrate are respectively equal to the peak impact strength sigma of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water, and the strength sigma of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate to the reflection action generated by the laser pulse and reflecting the laser pulse to the paint layerRThe contact surface of water and paint layer faces the intensity σ 'of the reflection produced by the laser pulse that reflects the laser pulse to the paint layer'RAnd the contact surface of the lacquer layer and the substrate has an intensity sigma of a transmission effect of the laser pulse to the substrateTIn this regard, these parameters are calculated based on the acoustic impedance of the water, the acoustic impedance of the paint layer and the acoustic impedance of the substrate, so that the energy density range of the laser pulse can be calculated based on the acoustic impedance of the water, the acoustic impedance of the paint layer, the acoustic impedance of the substrate, the tensile strength of the paint layer and the compressive strength of the substrate. The specific calculation process is as follows:
firstly, the tensile stress should be greater than the tensile strength of the paint layer:
wherein, σ'RRepresents the intensity of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer to the reflection action of the laser pulse to the paint layer, i.e. the tensile stress; r represents the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate; r' represents the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer; sigma represents the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water; z is a radical ofARepresenting the acoustic impedance of the paint layer; z is a radical ofBRepresenting the acoustic impedance of the substrate; z is a radical ofCRepresenting the acoustic impedance of water; sigmapIndicating the tensile strength of the paint layer.
Secondly, the compressive stress should be less than the compressive strength of the substrate:
wherein σTRepresents the intensity of the contact surface of the lacquer layer and the substrate to the transmission effect of the laser pulse to the substrate, i.e. the compressive stress; t represents the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate; sigmasIndicating the compressive strength of the substrate.
The transformation of equation (5) yields:
substituting equation (7) into equation (3) yields:
further modification of equation (8) yields:
namely:
thus defining a lower bound for laser fluence.
Similarly, the transformation of equation (6) yields:
substituting equation (11) into equation (3) yields:
further modification of equation (12) yields:
thus defining an upper bound for laser fluence.
Finally, the optimal energy density range of the laser pulse for underwater paint removal can be obtained by combining the formula (10) and the formula (13):
based on the above, the invention considers that in the process of removing paint in water by laser, the laser needs to pass through a water layer and a paint layer in sequence and finally irradiates a substrate covered by the paint layer. Namely, the contact surface of the water and the paint layer exists between the water and the paint layer, and the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate exists between the paint layer and the substrate. The invention considers that the physical properties of the water layer, the paint layer and the substrate are different, and determines the optimal energy density range of laser pulses required by realizing efficient and high-quality paint removal by utilizing the acoustic impedance of water, the acoustic impedance of the paint layer and the acoustic impedance of the substrate based on the momentum conservation law. The optimum energy density range is related to the acoustic impedance of water, the acoustic impedance of the paint layer, the acoustic impedance of the substrate, the tensile strength of the paint layer, and the compressive strength of the substrate. If the energy density of the selected laser pulse is within the optimal energy density range, the laser pulse can not damage the original substrate structure, and can effectively remove the paint layer coated on the surface of the substrate, so that the problems that the paint layer in the water is not easy to remove and the removal quality is not high in the prior art are effectively solved, and the efficient and high-quality removal of the paint layer in the water can be realized.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides an underwater paint removal apparatus in embodiment 2, which is implemented based on the underwater paint removal method described in embodiment 1, and includes:
a first calculating module 1, a second calculating module 2, a third calculating module 3 and a laser applying module 4.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first calculation module 1 is used for determining the peak impact force intensity of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water according to the acoustic impedance parameter of the laser pulse in water;
the second calculation module 2 is used for determining the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water based on the momentum conservation law;
the third calculating module 3 is used for determining the energy density range of the laser pulse according to the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate;
the laser application module 4 is used to achieve underwater paint removal using laser pulses with an energy density in the energy density range.
The underwater paint removal device described in embodiment 2 of the present invention is a specific implementation of the underwater paint removal method. Firstly, a relational expression of acoustic impedance and peak impact strength of an underwater coupling paint inlet layer laser pulse shown in formula (3) in embodiment 1 is constructed by using a first calculation module of the underwater paint removal device, and then subsequent calculation is performed based on the calculated peak impact force of the underwater coupling paint inlet layer laser pulse. In the subsequent calculation, the second calculation module is used for carrying out microscopic analysis on the process that the laser pulses sequentially enter the paint layer and the substrate from water, the coefficients of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficients of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate are respectively calculated based on the momentum conservation law, and then the third calculation module determines the optimal energy density range of the laser pulses in the water according to the coefficients, wherein the optimal energy density range is shown as a formula (14) in the embodiment 1. Finally, as long as the energy density of the laser pulse selected and applied by the laser applying module is within the optimal energy density range, the paint layer can be effectively removed, meanwhile, the substrate structure coated with the paint layer on the surface is prevented from being damaged, and the efficient and high-quality removal of the paint layer material in the water is realized. Can effectively solve the problems of complex paint removing process, low efficiency and poor paint removing effect in water in the prior art.
The principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained in the present text by applying specific examples, and the above description of the examples is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An underwater paint removal method, comprising:
determining the peak impact force intensity of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water according to the acoustic impedance parameter of the laser pulse in water;
determining the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water based on the momentum conservation law;
determining the energy density range of the laser pulse according to the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate; the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer comprises the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer; the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate comprises the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate;
and (3) realizing paint removal in water by using laser pulses with energy density within the energy density range.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water based on the acoustic impedance parameter of the laser pulse in water comprises:
and determining the peak impact force intensity of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water according to the acoustic impedance of the water and the acoustic impedance of the paint layer.
3. The method for removing paint from water according to claim 1, wherein the determining the coefficient of the contact surface between the water and the paint layer according to the intensity of the peak impact force of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water based on the law of conservation of momentum specifically comprises:
determining parameters of mass points in water and parameters of mass points in the paint layer according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water;
and determining the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer based on the momentum conservation law according to the particle parameters in the water and the particle parameters in the paint layer.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the paint is removed from the water,
calculating the particle speed of incident waves and the particle speed of reflected waves in the paint layer according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water;
determining the particle stress and the particle speed of the paint layer according to the particle speed of the incident wave and the particle speed of the reflected wave;
determining particle stress and particle velocity of the water according to the acoustic impedance of the water;
and determining the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer based on the momentum conservation law according to the particle stress and the particle speed of the paint layer and the particle stress and the particle speed of the water.
5. The method for removing paint from water according to claim 1, wherein the determining the coefficient of the contact surface between the paint layer and the substrate according to the intensity of the peak impact force of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water based on the law of conservation of momentum specifically comprises:
determining a mass point parameter in the paint layer and a mass point parameter in the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water;
and determining the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate based on the momentum conservation law according to the parameters of the particles in the paint layer and the parameters of the particles in the substrate.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the paint is removed from the water,
determining the particle stress and the particle speed of the substrate according to the acoustic impedance of the substrate;
and determining the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate based on the momentum conservation law according to the particle stress and the particle speed of the paint layer and the particle stress and the particle speed of the substrate.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the energy density range of the laser pulse based on the coefficients of the water-to-paint interface and the paint-to-substrate interface comprises:
the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer, the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate and the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water have a first correlation relationship with the tensile strength of the paint layer and a second correlation relationship with the compressive strength of the substrate;
determining a lower energy density bound of the laser pulse according to the first incidence relation;
determining an upper energy density bound of the laser pulse according to the second incidence relation;
determining an energy density range of the laser pulse according to the upper energy density bound and the lower energy density bound.
8. An underwater paint removal device, comprising:
the first calculation module is used for determining the peak impact force intensity of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in water according to the acoustic impedance parameter of the laser pulse in water;
the second calculation module is used for determining the coefficient of the contact surface between the water and the paint layer and the coefficient of the contact surface between the paint layer and the substrate according to the peak impact strength of the laser pulse coupled into the paint layer in the water based on the momentum conservation law;
a third calculation module for determining the energy density range of the laser pulse according to the coefficients of the water and paint contacting surfaces and the coefficients of the paint and substrate contacting surfaces; the coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer comprises the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the water and the paint layer; the coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate comprises the reflection coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate and the transmission coefficient of the contact surface of the paint layer and the substrate;
and the laser applying module is used for realizing paint removal in water by utilizing the laser pulse with the energy density within the energy density range.
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| CN106001928A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-10-12 | 四川大学 | Selection method of laser parameters of laser paint removal |
| WO2019002847A1 (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2019-01-03 | Andritz Powerlase Ltd | Method of removing a coating with pulsed laser, computer readable medium and laser |
| CN109719088A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-07 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser cleaner |
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| CN106001928A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-10-12 | 四川大学 | Selection method of laser parameters of laser paint removal |
| WO2019002847A1 (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2019-01-03 | Andritz Powerlase Ltd | Method of removing a coating with pulsed laser, computer readable medium and laser |
| CN109719088A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-07 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser cleaner |
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