CN113068142A - Wireless communication method based on LoRa and smoke collection and exhaust machine system - Google Patents
Wireless communication method based on LoRa and smoke collection and exhaust machine system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113068142A CN113068142A CN202110335190.2A CN202110335190A CN113068142A CN 113068142 A CN113068142 A CN 113068142A CN 202110335190 A CN202110335190 A CN 202110335190A CN 113068142 A CN113068142 A CN 113068142A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/33—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for indoor environments, e.g. buildings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
- F24C15/2021—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/0289—Congestion control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless communication method based on LoRa and a smoke exhaust collection system, wherein the wireless communication method based on LoRa is applied to LoRa nodes, and at least four network communication cycles are set for each LoRa node: maintaining time slices, heartbeat time slices, burst time slices and broadcast time slices; each time slice has the same or different duration and is switched alternately according to a preset rule; in each time slice, the primary LoRa node and the secondary LoRa node communicate according to a preset mode, so that the smoke exhaust collection and exhaust machine system based on the communication method has dynamic adaptive capacity, can adapt to complex wireless communication environments in buildings, and particularly meets high-capacity point-to-point communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a smoke exhaust collecting system, in particular to a wireless communication method based on LoRa and a smoke exhaust collecting system.
Background
In the application of the smoke exhaust ventilator system, due to the complex wireless environment of buildings, the attenuation of wireless signals is very large, and multi-stage relays are often needed to realize wireless communication, so that a wireless communication network with low cost, low power, long distance, large capacity, and medium communication speed is needed.
At present, the capacity of a common wireless module is small; building communication distance based on ZIGBEE is small, 4G modules are high in cost, and limitation is also caused in building wireless networking; and Long Range Radio (Long Range Radio) wireless communication has the characteristics of Long communication distance and small transmission power, generally forms a star network, has low implementation cost, and is a relatively ideal choice.
However, the smoke exhaust collecting and discharging machine system has high requirement on data real-time performance and large capacity, and needs multi-level relays for communication in high-rise buildings; and when adopting LoRa star connection network, when faced with large capacity, high burst communication, the point-to-point connection is easy to conflict, the real-time is weak, can not satisfy the actual requirement, needs to improve and optimize urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the wireless communication method based on the LoRa and the smoke exhaust collection and exhaust system, which can be applied to a building wireless communication environment, occupy less wireless resources, can meet high-capacity point-to-point communication and can dynamically meet the wireless communication requirement under a complex environment.
A wireless communication method based on LoRa is characterized in that the wireless communication method based on LoRa is applied to a LoRa node and comprises the following steps:
at least four network communication cycles are set for each LoRa node: maintaining time slices, heartbeat time slices, burst time slices and broadcast time slices; each time slice has the same or different duration and is switched alternately according to a preset rule;
in the maintenance time slice, the main LoRa node collects network maintenance information on the sub-LoRa nodes in a query mode, and a skip rule is formulated according to the network maintenance information;
in the heartbeat time slice, the main LoRa node sends heartbeat information to the sub-LoRa node in a polling or heartbeat transmission mode, and the online state of the sub-LoRa node is obtained;
in the burst time slice, the sub-LoRa node sends reporting information to the main LoRa node, and random time is adopted to avoid retransmission when sending conflict occurs;
in the broadcast time slice, the main LoRa node sends broadcast information to the sub-LoRa node;
the main LoRa node dynamically appoints the skip node through the skip rule, and the skip node forwards the broadcast information to the sub-LoRa node for multi-level information forwarding.
A LoRa-based smoke collection and discharge machine system, comprising:
the main controller is arranged at the top of the floor and connected with the main fan and the main LoRa node;
the main fan is connected with the main controller and is used for controlling the inlet and outlet of a main air port;
the user side is deployed on a floor outside the top of the floor and comprises an opening valve and a smoke machine; the opening valve is connected with a sub LoRa node;
the master and slave LoRa nodes communicate by adopting the LoRa-based wireless communication method.
The wireless communication method based on the LoRa provided by the invention sets at least four fixed network communication cycles for each LoRa node: maintaining time slices, heartbeat time slices, burst time slices and broadcast time slices; each time slice has the same or different duration and is alternately switched according to a preset rule; namely, the communication coordination and synchronization among LoRa nodes are facilitated by dividing time slices; meanwhile, the maintenance time slice is used for uniformly maintaining the network state of the whole LoRa node by the main LoRa node; the heartbeat time slice is used for confirming the online state and the node change situation of each network node at regular time or irregular time; the burst time slice is used for responding to the burst event by each LoRa node and reporting the fault to the main LoRa node in time, so that the occupied resource is less, the network capacity is increased, particularly, the problem of collision of reported information can be avoided through a random backoff retransmission mechanism, and a user can monitor each node conveniently; and the broadcast time slice is used for uniformly sending messages by each secondary node under the main LoRa node.
Compared with the existing LoRa scheme, the problem of congestion and conflict caused by the disorder of data sent by the nodes in the face of high-capacity communication is avoided, and the nodes can be flexibly accessed and deleted under the noninductive condition by utilizing the maintenance time slice, so that the dynamic maintenance is facilitated and the complex wireless communication environment is adapted.
The LoRa-based smoke collection and exhaust machine system is characterized in that a main LoRa node is deployed on a main controller, a sub-LoRa node is deployed on a user terminal, and the LoRa-based wireless communication method is utilized to facilitate the main controller to collect information of each user terminal, control the power of a main fan according to the acquired information and determine the optimal air volume; meanwhile, the information of each floor is notified to the user side, and the user side determines the opening valve angle according to the distribution information of the starting floors of the cigarette machine, so that the air quantity of each floor is ensured to be uniform, and the situation that low-level users cannot exhaust smoke or the effect is poor is prevented.
Compared with the existing smoke collecting and exhausting machine system adopting the LoRa star networking mode, the system has the advantages of less occupied wireless resources, high communication efficiency, difficult conflict when the user side carries out point-to-point communication, high real-time performance and capability of meeting the requirements of more user sides.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a wireless communication method based on LoRa according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method based on LoRa according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a sub LoRa node snooping network in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a process in which a master LoRa node sends heartbeat information to a slave LoRa node in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a frame diagram of a wireless communication range hood assembly system based on LoRa in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A wireless communication method based on LoRa is applied to LoRa nodes and can be applied to the application environment shown in figure 1. Wherein, having arranged main loRa node and corresponding the main fan of collection cigarette machine system on the roof, having arranged sub-loRa node and corresponding the cigarette machine of collection cigarette machine system on other floors, communicating through wireless network between the node for main fan can adjust according to the operation conditions of each cigarette machine, and controls the running state of each cigarette machine, and is even in order to guarantee each floor amount of wind, prevents that the low-rise user can't discharge fume or the effect is not good etc..
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, there is provided a wireless communication method based on LoRa, applied to an LoRa node, and including the following steps:
s1: at least four network communication cycles are set for each LoRa node: maintaining time slices, heartbeat time slices, burst time slices and broadcast time slices; each time slice has the same or different duration and is alternately switched according to a preset rule.
S2: and in the maintenance time slice, the main LoRa node collects the network maintenance information on the sub-LoRa nodes in a query mode, and a jump rule is formulated according to the network maintenance information.
S3: in the heartbeat time slice, the main LoRa node sends heartbeat information to the sub-LoRa nodes in a polling or heartbeat transmission mode, and the online states of the sub-LoRa nodes are obtained.
S4: in the burst time slice, the sub-LoRa node sends the report information to the main LoRa node, and avoids retransmission by adopting random time when meeting sending conflict.
S5: in the broadcast time slice, the main LoRa node sends broadcast information to the sub-LoRa node; the main LoRa node dynamically appoints the skip node through the skip rule, and the skip node forwards the broadcast information to the sub-LoRa node for multi-level information forwarding.
Each LoRa node takes a hardware IC as a carrier, the position of each node is predetermined, each node address is configured in advance or stored in the network, and a skip node and a child node are automatically adapted according to rules; and appointing at least four network communication cycles in the communication protocols of each other, namely a maintenance time slice, a heartbeat time slice, a burst time slice and a broadcast time slice. Each time slice can correspond to the same or different time duration, for example, the heartbeat time slice takes 10 minutes and half an hour as a period; the maintenance time slice takes 24 hours as a period; the burst time slice takes 10 seconds as a period; the airtime slices are in seconds, and so on. In a certain time range, for example, every 1 hour, each node switches according to the sequence of the broadcast time slice, the burst time slice and the heartbeat time slice, and enters a maintenance period after the time set by the maintenance time slice is reached.
A tree or network structure is formed among the nodes, and the several names of the LoRa nodes are distinguished as follows: the master LoRa node is used as a control node and is a LoRa node playing a main control role; the child loRa nodes are loRa nodes for receiving information and reporting the information in an emergency, can be child nodes of the main loRa node and also can be father nodes of other child loRa nodes, and therefore a plurality of groups of father-son node relationships are formed; the node between the main node and the child node is an intermediate node; more than one intermediate node is used, wherein the intermediate node plays a forwarding role and is a skip node; the hop node is determined according to the hop rule and can be a certain sub-LoRa node.
Specifically, the maintenance time slice refers to some preset specific times; and in the maintenance time slice, the main LoRa node is used for carrying out network maintenance on the whole network, and the collected network maintenance information comprises but is not limited to node communication success/failure times, node communication signal strength, network communication quality and the like. The master LoRa node collects the information and can inform each node of time synchronization; setting an optimal forwarding distance or performing fault alarm according to the communication signal strength or the network quality; reconfiguring node transmission signal strength, communication rate, communication channel and the like; wherein, the optimal forwarding distance corresponds to the skip rule.
And the heartbeat time slice is used for determining the survival state of other nodes. The heartbeat time slice can avoid the defects of a broadcasting mode, and for some nodes, the problem that data cannot be uploaded due to the fact that information cannot be received due to the interference problem is solved. And when the system time operation of the node has deviation, the time deviation is corrected in a heartbeat mode, so that the time slice deviation is ensured, and the communication failure caused by the overlapping of the broadcast time and the burst time is avoided.
And the burst time slice is used for reporting information and the like of each sub-LoRa node. Each sub-LoRa node can freely transmit information to a main node or a forwarding node (forwarding node, namely, a node responsible for forwarding messages between the main node and the sub-node and between byte points according to a skip rule and neighbor information, each node can be dynamically specified through the rule and the neighbor information, and the skip node can specify a next-stage skip node so as to realize multi-stage skip transmission), so that the condition of simultaneous transmission conflict is caused; therefore, in order to increase the success rate, a random time avoidance retransmission mechanism is adopted, namely, when the information needs to be reported, the reported information is sent according to the heartbeat or broadcast skip rule and the information of the neighbor node; and stopping sending after receiving the message of successful sending, otherwise, retransmitting at random time in the burst period to avoid collision.
And the broadcast time slice is initiated by the main LoRa node and is used for sending broadcast information to other nodes to form one-transmission multi-reception so as to inform or control each node. Specifically, when the master node has information to broadcast, the master node may directly broadcast, or may designate a jumping node (other node) to forward. When the jumping node contains the child node as the bottom node, the forwarding is not carried out.
Preferably, the master LoRa node sends broadcast information to other child LoRa nodes for multiple times within a preset time range; the main LoRa node dynamically appoints the jump node according to the jump rule and the neighbor information of the node, and the jump node dynamically appoints the next-stage jump node according to the jump rule and the neighbor information of the node, so as to realize multi-stage broadcasting. Namely, the messages are sent for multiple times so as to ensure that each child node can reliably receive the messages as much as possible; by dynamically and flexibly appointing the skip nodes and the next-stage skip nodes of the skip nodes, the multi-stage broadcast can be relayed, and the effects of less occupied resources and timely response are achieved.
In this embodiment, by dividing the time slices, each LoRa node communicates by using point-to-point, common channel, and common rate, and reasonably matches each time slice, thereby avoiding the conflict between uplink and downlink communications, and particularly solving the problems of low rate of LoRa node and easy conflict between point-to-point during large capacity communication; meanwhile, the communication mechanism is suitable for application environments with complex communication environments or ultra-long communication distances, and large-capacity installation can be realized in a multi-level networking mode.
Further, in an embodiment, the optimizing the above scheme, as shown in fig. 3, in a burst time slice, that is, for step S4, further includes:
s41: before the sub-LoRa node sends the report information to the main LoRa node, if the fact that the main LoRa node carries out network communication is monitored, the report information is sent in a delayed mode;
s42: after the sub-LoRa node sends the report information to the main LoRa node, if the response message of the main LoRa node or the feedback message of the hop node is monitored, it indicates that the sending is successful and the retransmission is not performed.
In this embodiment, the sub-LoRa nodes will monitor the network status before and after reporting the information, including whether the main LoRa node is communicating and whether a response message or a feedback message is received; and a strategy of delaying sending or stopping resending in time is adopted to further reduce network congestion and improve communication efficiency.
Further, in an embodiment, on each sub LoRa node, the method further includes:
the sub-LoRa node does not receive the broadcast information sent by the main LoRa node within the preset time or does not receive the heartbeat information sent by the main LoRa node within the preset time, and then the sub-LoRa node is reset to the initial state; and only receives the non-transmission information until the broadcast information or the heartbeat information is received.
In this embodiment, the sub LoRa node has an automatic reset function, and automatically resets to an initial state when not receiving the heartbeat information for a long time, so as to synchronize with the main LoRa node again after waiting for the broadcast information or the heartbeat information sent by the main LoRa node to make the sub LoRa node more robust and less prone to downtime.
Further, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, for step S3, the method for sending heartbeat information to other sub-LoRa nodes by polling or passing heartbeats includes the following steps:
s31: the main LoRa node sends heartbeat information to all the sub-LoRa nodes until the heartbeat information reaches the sub-LoRa nodes which are bottom nodes; each sub-LoRa node which receives the heartbeat information returns heartbeat response information to the main LoRa node;
s32: the main LoRa node sends heartbeat information to the designated node, and the LoRa node between the main LoRa node and the designated node serves as a skip node to forward the heartbeat information until the designated node is reached; the appointed node returns heartbeat response information to the main LoRa node;
s33: the skip node appoints the next-level skip node according to the skip rule until reaching the appointed node; the designated node returns heartbeat response information to the master LoRa node.
Wherein, the designated node refers to a specific node; in this embodiment, the master LoRa node may send the heartbeat information in a depth or breadth traversal manner until reaching the child LoRa node at the bottom of the network tree; the main LoRa node can also carry out information forwarding by appointing the jump node, the jump node is arranged between the main LoRa node and the target sub-LoRa node and used for transmitting and forwarding information, and multi-level jump is realized through the jump rule, so that the super-long distance or high-rise information transmission between the main node and the nodes is realized, and the communication efficiency of the main LoRa node is optimized.
Further, in an embodiment, in the maintenance, heartbeat, and broadcast time slices, the sub LoRa nodes synchronize the real-time of the main LoRa node, that is, the system time of the main LoRa node is used as the standard time, in order to prevent the time difference of each node during the operation and further affect the switching of the time slices, in other time slices except the burst time slice, synchronization signals can be transmitted, so that each sub LoRa node and the main LoRa node can perform clock synchronization.
Further, in an embodiment, in a heartbeat time slice, information is synchronized and network neighbor information is updated, that is, in the heartbeat time slice, data, especially states of neighboring father and son nodes of each node, can be synchronized without being limited to confirmation of online states of the son nodes, so that the master LoRa node can monitor the number of nodes, states and the like of the whole network conveniently.
Further, in an embodiment, after the master LoRa node collects the network maintenance information on the child LoRa node through a query method, the method further includes:
and accessing or deleting the sub-LoRa node according to the network maintenance information.
That is, when a new node joins the network or shields a failed node, the master LoRa node can dynamically update the state of the entire network by using the maintenance time slice, and the overall shutdown maintenance is not needed, so that the maintainability is high.
A LoRa-based smoke collector and exhauster system, as shown in figure 5, and which is applicable in the environment of use shown in figure 1. This collection smoke exhauster system based on loRa includes:
the main controller 101 is arranged at the top of a floor and is connected with the main fan and the main LoRa node 102;
the main fan 201 is connected with the main controller and used for controlling the inlet and outlet of the main air port;
a user terminal 301 deployed on a floor other than the top of the floor and comprising an opening valve 302 and a smoke machine 303; the open valve is connected with the sub-LoRa node 304;
the main controller is used for controlling the main fan, is connected with the main LoRa node and has the function equivalent to that of the main LoRa node; the user side mainly comprises an opening valve and a cigarette machine, wherein the opening valve is used for adjusting and controlling the cigarette machine, is connected with the sub LoRa node and has the function equivalent to that of the sub LoRa node; the master and the slave LoRa nodes communicate by adopting the wireless communication method based on LoRa.
This collection smoke exhaust machine system based on loRa's working process as follows: when the user opens the cigarette machine, the opening valve is in an open state. The opening valve is communicated with the main LoRa node through the sub LoRa node, and the starting information of the cigarette machine and the like are uploaded to the main controller; the main controller collects the information of each user side, controls the power of the main fan according to the total amount of the users and determines the optimal air volume. Meanwhile, the information of each floor is notified to the user side, and the user side determines the opening valve angle according to the distribution information of the starting floors of the cigarette machine, so that the air quantity of each floor is ensured to be uniform, and the problems that low-level users cannot exhaust smoke or the effect is poor and the like are solved.
Further, in an embodiment, the master controller further includes a 4G module; the smoke exhauster collecting communication system further comprises a cloud server 401, and the main LoRa node is connected with the cloud server through a 4G network. The cloud server is a computer device and is used for remote communication between background management personnel and the master controller through the 4G network, and maintenance and management are facilitated.
The above is the explanation of the wireless communication method based on LoRa of the present invention, which is used to help understanding the present invention; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are intended to be equivalent replacements within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wireless communication method based on LoRa is characterized in that the wireless communication method based on LoRa is applied to a LoRa node and comprises the following steps:
at least four network communication cycles are set for each LoRa node: maintaining time slices, heartbeat time slices, burst time slices and broadcast time slices; each time slice has the same or different duration and is switched alternately according to a preset rule;
in the maintenance time slice, the main LoRa node collects network maintenance information on the sub-LoRa nodes in a query mode, and a skip rule is formulated according to the network maintenance information;
in the heartbeat time slice, the main LoRa node sends heartbeat information to the sub-LoRa node in a polling or heartbeat transmission mode, and the online state of the sub-LoRa node is obtained;
in the burst time slice, the sub-LoRa node sends reporting information to the main LoRa node, and random time is adopted to avoid retransmission when sending conflict occurs;
in the broadcast time slice, the main LoRa node sends broadcast information to the sub-LoRa node; the main LoRa node dynamically appoints the skip node through the skip rule, and the skip node forwards the broadcast information to the sub-LoRa node for multi-level information forwarding.
2. The LoRa-based wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein within the burst timeslice, further comprising:
before the sub-LoRa node sends the report information to the main LoRa node, if the fact that the main LoRa node carries out network communication is monitored, the report information is sent in a delayed mode;
after the sub-LoRa node sends the report information to the main LoRa node, if the response message of the main LoRa node or the feedback message of the hop node is monitored, it indicates that the sending is successful and the retransmission is not performed.
3. The LoRa-based wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the sub-LoRa node does not receive the broadcast message sent by the master LoRa node within a first preset time, or does not receive the heartbeat message sent by the master LoRa node within a second preset time, and then resets to the initial state; and the sub-LoRa node only receives the non-transmission information until receiving the broadcast information or the heartbeat information.
4. The LoRa-based wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the sending of the heartbeat information from the master LoRa node to the slave LoRa nodes by polling or passing the heartbeat includes:
the main LoRa node sends heartbeat information to all the sub-LoRa nodes until the sub-LoRa nodes reached by the heartbeat information are bottom nodes; each sub-LoRa node which receives the heartbeat information returns heartbeat response information to the main LoRa node;
the main LoRa node sends heartbeat information to the designated node, and an intermediate node between the main LoRa node and the designated node is used as a skip node to forward the heartbeat information;
the skip node appoints the next-level skip node according to the skip rule until reaching the appointed node; and the designated node returns heartbeat response information to the main LoRa node.
5. The LoRa-based wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the sub-LoRa nodes synchronize real time of the master LoRa node within the maintenance, heartbeat, and broadcast timeslice.
6. The LoRa-based wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein within the heartbeat timeslice, information is synchronized and network neighbor information is updated.
7. The LoRa-based wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein after the master LoRa node collects the network maintenance information on the child LoRa nodes in a query manner, the method further comprises:
and accessing or deleting the sub-LoRa node according to the network maintenance information.
8. The LoRa-based wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the sending broadcast information by the master LoRa node to the child LoRa nodes comprises:
the main LoRa node sends broadcast information to the sub-LoRa nodes for multiple times within a preset time range;
the main LoRa node dynamically appoints the jump node according to the jump rule and the neighbor information of the node, and the jump node dynamically appoints the next-stage jump node according to the jump rule and the neighbor information of the node so as to realize multi-stage broadcasting.
9. A LoRa-based smoke collection and discharge machine system, comprising:
the main controller is arranged at the top of the floor and connected with the main fan and the main LoRa node;
the main fan is connected with the main controller and is used for controlling the inlet and outlet of a main air port;
the user side is deployed on a floor outside the top of the floor and comprises an opening valve and a smoke machine; the opening valve is connected with a sub LoRa node;
the main and sub LoRa nodes communicate by adopting the LoRa-based wireless communication method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. The LoRa-based smoke gathering and discharging machine system of claim 9,
the master controller also comprises a 4G module;
the smoke exhaust ventilator collection communication system further comprises a cloud server, and the main LoRa node is connected with the cloud server through a 4G network.
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| CN114025406A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-08 | 杭州老板电器股份有限公司 | Communication method and device of smoke exhaust system and smoke exhaust system |
| CN114501578A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-05-13 | 华帝股份有限公司 | Information transmission method of smoke exhaust collecting machine and smoke exhaust collecting machine |
| CN114928847A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-19 | 广州磐钴智能科技有限公司 | Relay method for dynamic expansion of LoRa communication range |
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