CN113067525A - Gear control circuit and system of alternating current motor - Google Patents
Gear control circuit and system of alternating current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113067525A CN113067525A CN202110299653.4A CN202110299653A CN113067525A CN 113067525 A CN113067525 A CN 113067525A CN 202110299653 A CN202110299653 A CN 202110299653A CN 113067525 A CN113067525 A CN 113067525A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/0004—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
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Abstract
The application provides an alternating current motor's gear control circuit and system, this gear control circuit includes: a plurality of controllable switches; the detection unit is used for detecting the switch state of the corresponding controllable switch; a gear input unit for receiving an externally input target gear m; the control unit is connected with the gear input unit and used for acquiring a target gear m; the control unit is also connected with each controllable switch and the detection unit respectively to obtain the current gear n of the alternating current motor; if m is larger than n, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between n and m to be sequentially opened according to the sequence of gears from small to large, and closing the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i-1 after each controllable switch corresponding to the gear i is opened; and if m is smaller than n, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between m and n to be sequentially opened according to the sequence of gears from large to small, and closing the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i +1 after each controllable switch corresponding to the gear i is opened.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of gear control, in particular to a gear control circuit and a gear control system of an alternating current motor.
Background
The multi-gear motor refers to a motor with a plurality of operating gears, the rotating speed of the motor corresponding to each operating gear is different, the rotating speed of the motor is increased along with the increase of the gears, and the motor realizes the gear switching control by utilizing a plurality of connected controllable switches.
However, when the phase difference of the existing alternating current motor during gear switching is too large, a large impact current is generated to a controllable switch (such as a relay, an IGBT and the like) for controlling the gear to be turned on or turned off, so that the controllable switch is large in loss and low in service life.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide a gear control circuit and system of an alternating current motor, which are used for solving the problems that the existing alternating current motor can generate larger impact current to a controllable switch for controlling the gear to be turned on or turned off when the gear switching phase difference is too large, and further the loss of the controllable switch is larger and the service life is low.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a gear control circuit for an ac motor, the gear control circuit comprising: the controllable switches are respectively used for being connected with a live wire of an alternating current power supply and being respectively used for being connected with a plurality of gears of the alternating current motor in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the detection unit is respectively connected with each controllable switch and is used for detecting the switch state of the corresponding controllable switch; a gear input unit for receiving an externally input target gear m; the control unit is connected with the gear input unit and used for acquiring the target gear m; the control unit is further connected with each controllable switch and the detection unit respectively, and is used for obtaining the current gear n of the alternating current motor according to the switching state of each controllable switch; if m is larger than n, the control unit controls the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between n and m to be sequentially opened according to the sequence of gears from small to large, and closes the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i-1 after opening the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i; if m is smaller than n, the control unit controls the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between m and n to be sequentially turned on according to the sequence of gears from large to small, and the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i +1 is turned off after the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i is turned on.
In the designed gear control circuit, a control unit receives a target gear m transmitted by a gear input unit, determines a current gear n through the switch state of each controllable switch detected by a detection unit, then controls the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between n and m to be sequentially opened according to the sequence of gears from small to large under the condition that m is larger than n, and closes the controllable switch corresponding to a gear i-1 after opening the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i; under the condition that m is smaller than n, the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between m and n are controlled to be sequentially turned on from large to small according to the gear, and the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i +1 is turned off after the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i is turned on; through such design for when carrying out the gear switching, progressively switch over in proper order the gear for the switching of gear is more level and smooth, and the gear progressively switches over for once only adjusting to the gear that differs too much, can produce littleer impulse current, and then has reduced the loss to controllable switch, has improved controllable switch's life-span.
In an optional implementation manner of the first aspect, the detection unit includes a plurality of state detection circuits, and two input ends of each state detection circuit are respectively connected to an output end of a controllable switch and a zero line of an ac power supply to obtain a switching state of the corresponding connected controllable switch; and the control unit is connected with the output end of each state detection circuit and used for receiving the switching state of each controllable switch, and when only one controllable switch is determined to be in the closed state according to the switching state of each controllable switch, the gear corresponding to the controllable switch in the closed state is determined as the current gear n of the alternating current motor.
In an alternative embodiment of the first aspect, the control unit is further configured to determine that the ac machine is not started when it is determined that there is no controllable switch in the closed state.
In an optional implementation manner of the first aspect, each state detection circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a diode Q1, an optocoupler isolator D1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to an output end of a controllable switch of a corresponding gear, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to a first end of the resistor R2, a second end of the resistor R2 is connected to an anode of an emitting end of the optocoupler isolator D1, a first end of the resistor R3 is connected to a zero line of a power supply, a second end of the resistor R3 is connected to a cathode of the emitting end of the optocoupler isolator D1, an anode of the diode Q1 is connected to a first end of the resistor R3, a cathode of the diode Q1 is connected to a second end of the resistor R2, and a collector of a receiving end of the optocoupler isolator D1 is connected to the control unit through the resistor R4; a collector at the receiving end of the optocoupler isolator D1 is connected with a high level signal through the resistor R5; and an emitter of a receiving end of the optical coupling isolator D1 is grounded and is connected with the control unit through the capacitor C1.
In an alternative embodiment of the first aspect, the controllable switches are relays, and one end of each resistor R1 is connected to a normally open contact of the relay of the corresponding gear.
In an optional implementation manner of the first aspect, the detection unit further includes a power detection circuit, two input ends of the power detection circuit are respectively connected to a live line and a zero line of the ac power supply, an output end of the power detection circuit is connected to the control unit, the power detection circuit is configured to collect the power supply signal, and the power supply signal includes a power supply voltage signal and a power supply frequency signal; the control unit is further configured to determine whether the power supply is available according to the power supply voltage signal, and determine a time delay for controlling the controllable switch to be turned on according to the power supply frequency signal.
In an optional implementation manner of the first aspect, the power detection circuit includes a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a diode Q2, an opto-isolator D2, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, and a capacitor C2, one end of the resistor R6 is connected to a live line of the ac power supply, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to a first end of the resistor R7, a second end of the resistor R7 is connected to an anode of an emitting end of the opto-isolator D2, a first end of the resistor R8 is connected to a neutral line of the ac power supply, a second end of the resistor R8 is connected to a cathode of the emitting end of the opto-isolator D2, an anode of the diode Q2 is connected to the first end of the resistor R8, a cathode of the diode Q2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R7, and a collector of a receiving end of the opto-isolator D2 is connected to the control unit through the resistor R9; a collector at the receiving end of the optocoupler isolator D2 is connected with a high level signal through the resistor R10; and an emitter of a receiving end of the optical coupling isolator D2 is grounded and is connected with the control unit through the capacitor C2.
In an optional embodiment of the first aspect, the gear control circuit further comprises a rectifier, and the control unit is connected to the ac power source through the rectifier.
In an optional implementation manner of the first aspect, the gear control circuit further includes a filtering and anti-jamming unit, a ground wire of the ac power supply is connected to the ac motor through the filtering and anti-jamming unit, a zero line of the ac power supply is connected to the ac motor and the rectifier through the filtering and anti-jamming unit, and a live wire of the ac power supply is connected to the rectifier and the input end of the controllable switch through the filtering and anti-jamming unit.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a gear control system for an ac electric machine, the system comprising: alternating current power supply, alternating current motor and the gear control circuit of any optional implementation mode in the first aspect, alternating current motor includes a plurality of gears, and the motor rotational speed that each gear corresponds is different, each in the gear control circuit controllable switch is connected with alternating current power supply's live wire respectively and is connected with a plurality of gears one-to-one of alternating current motor respectively.
In the gear control system designed above, because the gear control circuit designed above is included, the control unit can receive the target gear m transmitted by the gear input unit, and determine the current gear n through the switch state of each controllable switch detected by the detection unit, then control the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between n and m to be sequentially turned on according to the sequence of gears from small to large when m is greater than n, and turn off the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i-1 after turning on the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i; under the condition that m is smaller than n, the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between m and n are controlled to be sequentially turned on from large to small according to the gear, and the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i +1 is turned off after the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i is turned on; through such design for when carrying out the gear switching, progressively switch over in proper order the gear for the switching of gear is more level and smooth, and the gear progressively switches over for once only adjusting to the gear that differs too much, can produce littleer impulse current, and then has reduced the loss to controllable switch, has improved controllable switch's life-span.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a first structural diagram of a shift position control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of a detection unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a specific structural diagram of a power detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a second structural diagram of a gear control circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a third structural diagram of a shift position control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: a-an alternating current motor; b-an alternating current power supply; an L-fire line; an N-zero line; e-ground wire; 10-a controllable switch; 20-a detection unit; 201-state detection circuitry; 202-power supply detection circuit; a 30-gear input unit; 40-a control unit; 50-a rectifying unit; 60-filtering anti-interference unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
First embodiment
The embodiment of the application provides a gear control circuit of an alternating current motor, the alternating current motor a has a plurality of gears, the rotating speeds of the alternating current motor a corresponding to different gears are different, for example, the plurality of gears of the alternating current motor can be divided into a low gear, a medium gear and a high gear from slow to fast according to the rotating speed of the alternating current motor; the gear control circuit designed in this application is shown in fig. 1, and includes a plurality of controllable switches 10, a detecting unit 20, a gear input unit 30, and a control unit 40, where the plurality of controllable switches 10 are respectively used for being connected to a live wire L of an ac power supply B and respectively used for being connected to a plurality of gears of an ac motor a in a one-to-one correspondence manner, as a possible implementation manner, the number of the plurality of controllable switches 10 is the same as the number of the gears of the ac motor, for example, when the gears of the ac motor are respectively a low gear, a medium gear, and a high gear, the number of the plurality of controllable switches 10 is three, and each gear is connected to one controllable switch 10.
The detection unit 20 is connected to each controllable switch 10, respectively, and is configured to detect a switching state of each controllable switch 10, that is, whether each controllable switch is turned on or off; the gear input unit 30 is used for receiving an externally input target gear m, the control unit 40 is connected with the gear input unit 30, and is connected with each controllable switch 10 and the detection unit 20, and the alternating current motor a is also connected with a zero line N and a ground line E of an alternating current power supply B.
In the gear control circuit designed above, when operating, the gear input unit 30 sends a target gear signal to the control unit 40, and assuming that the target gear sent at this time is m, the signal of the gear input unit 30 can be input by the operator operating the gear input unit 30; after the control unit 40 receives the target gear position m, the control unit 40 may identify the current gear position n of the ac motor based on the switch state of each controllable switch 10 sent by the detection unit 20, wherein the detection unit 20 may periodically feed back the detected switch state of each controllable switch 10 to the control unit 40.
After obtaining a target gear m and a current gear n, the control unit 40 may first determine the sizes of m and n, and if m is greater than n, it indicates that an upshift is currently required, at this time, the control unit 40 may control the controllable switches 10 corresponding to each gear between n and m to be sequentially turned on from small to large according to the sequence of gears, and after turning on the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i, turn off the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i-1; if m is smaller than n, it indicates that downshift is currently required, at this time, the control unit 40 may control the controllable switches 10 corresponding to each gear between m and n to be sequentially turned on according to the sequence of gears from large to small, and turn off the controllable switch 10 corresponding to the gear i +1 after turning on the controllable switch 10 corresponding to each gear i.
The above solution can be understood based on the following examples: when m is greater than n, assuming that n is 0 and m is 3, that is, the motor is not currently started, and the target gear is 3, the control unit may control the controllable switch 10 corresponding to each gear between 0 and 3, to be sequentially turned on in the order from small to large, that is, the controllable switch corresponding to 1, the controllable switch corresponding to 2, and the controllable switch corresponding to 3 are sequentially turned on, and after the controllable switch corresponding to 2 is turned on, the controllable switch corresponding to 1 is turned off; after the controllable switch corresponding to the 3 gear is turned on, the controllable switch corresponding to the 2 gear is turned off, so that the alternating current motor can be in a 3-gear state; when m is smaller than n, assuming that n is 3, n is 1, that is, the current gear of the ac motor is 3, and the target gear is 1, the control unit 40 controls the controllable switches 10 corresponding to each gear between 3 and 1, and sequentially opens the controllable switches corresponding to 2 and 1 in the order of gear from large to small, and closes the controllable switches corresponding to 3 after opening the controllable switches corresponding to 2, and closes the controllable switches corresponding to 2 after opening the controllable switches corresponding to 1.
In the designed gear control circuit, the control unit receives the target gear m transmitted by the gear input unit, determines the current gear n through the switch state of each controllable switch detected by the detection unit, then controls the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between n and m to be sequentially opened according to the sequence of gears from small to large under the condition that m is larger than n, and closes the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i-1 after opening the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i; under the condition that m is smaller than n, the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between m and n are controlled to be sequentially turned on from large to small according to the gear, and the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i +1 is turned off after the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i is turned on; through such design for when carrying out the gear switching, progressively switch over in proper order the gear for the switching of gear is more level and smooth, and the gear progressively switches over for once only adjusting to the gear that differs too much, can produce littleer impulse current, and then has reduced the loss to controllable switch, has improved controllable switch's life-span.
In an alternative embodiment of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the detecting unit 20 includes a plurality of state detecting circuits 201, the plurality of state detecting circuits 201 includes two input ends and one output end, the two input ends of the plurality of state detecting circuits 201 are respectively connected to a controllable switch 10 and a zero line N of an ac power source B to detect a switch state of the corresponding controllable switch 10, the control unit 40 is connected to the output end of each state detecting circuit 201 and is configured to receive each controllable switch to obtain a switch state, and when it is determined that only one controllable switch is in a closed state according to the switch state of each controllable switch, a gear corresponding to the controllable switch in the closed state is determined as a current gear N of the ac motor.
As a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 2, each state detection circuit 201 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a diode Q1, an opto-isolator D1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to an output end of the controllable switch corresponding to a gear, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to a first end of a resistor R2, a second end of the resistor R2 is connected to a positive electrode of an emitting end of the opto-isolator D1, a first end of the resistor R3 is connected to a neutral line N of a power supply, a second end of the resistor R3 is connected to a negative electrode of the emitting end of the opto-isolator D1, a positive electrode of the diode Q1 is connected to a first end of the resistor R3, a negative electrode of the diode Q1 is connected to a second end of the resistor R2, and a collector of a receiving end of; a collector at the receiving end of the optocoupler isolator D1 is connected with a high level signal through a resistor R5; an emitter of a receiving end of the optical coupler isolator D1 is grounded and is connected with the control unit 40 through a capacitor C1; as a possible implementation, the controllable switch 10 may be embodied as a relay, and one end of each resistor R1 is connected to a normally open contact of the relay of the corresponding gear; here, it should be noted that, in addition to the state detection circuit 201 implemented by the above circuit configuration, the state detection circuit 201 may be implemented by another conventional state detection configuration.
In the state detection circuit designed above, when the controllable switch 10 connected to the state detection circuit 201 is turned off, the optocoupler isolator D1 in the state detection circuit 201 is not turned on, and the state detection circuit 201 transmits a low level signal to the control unit 40; when the controllable switch 10 connected to the state detection circuit 201 is closed, the state detection circuit 201 may receive a high level signal from the output end of the controllable switch 10, and then the optical isolator D1 in the state detection circuit 201 is turned on, so that the state detection circuit 201 sends the high level signal to the control unit 40, and then the control unit 40 may know that the controllable switch correspondingly connected to the state detection circuit 201 is closed based on the high level signal. Based on the above principle, when performing current gear identification, the control unit 40 may obtain the level signal transmitted by each state detection circuit 201 to identify the switching state of the controllable switch correspondingly connected to each state detection circuit 201, and further determine the gear corresponding to the controllable switch in the closed state as the current gear n of the ac motor when determining that only one controllable switch 10 is in the closed state.
As a possible embodiment, after identifying the switch state of the controllable switch connected to each state detection circuit 201, the control unit 40 identifies that all the controllable switches 10 are in the off state, in which case the control unit 40 determines that the ac motor is not started; after the control unit 40 recognizes the switching state of the controllable switch correspondingly connected to each state detection circuit 201, it recognizes that two or more controllable switches 10 are in the long-time closed state, and in such a case, the control unit 40 determines that the operation of the ac electrode is failed, and then may perform automatic alarm.
In an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the detecting unit 20 further includes a power detecting circuit 202, where the structure of the power detecting circuit 202 is completely consistent with that of the state detecting circuit 201, and the method specifically includes: the circuit comprises a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a diode Q2, an optocoupler isolator D2, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C2, wherein one end of the resistor R6 is connected with a live wire L of an alternating current power supply B, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with a first end of a resistor R7, a second end of a resistor R7 is connected with a positive electrode of an emitting end of the optocoupler isolator D2, a first end of the resistor R8 is connected with a zero line N of the alternating current power supply B, a second end of a resistor R8 is connected with a negative electrode of an emitting end of the optocoupler isolator D2, a positive electrode of a diode Q2 is connected with a first end of a resistor R8, a negative electrode of the diode Q2 is connected with a second end of a resistor R7, and; a collector at the receiving end of the optocoupler isolator D2 is connected with a high level signal through a resistor R10; the emitter of the receiving end of the optical coupler isolator D2 is grounded and is connected with the control unit 40 through a capacitor C2.
The power detection circuit 202 is different from the state detection circuit 201 in that two input ends of the power detection circuit 202 are respectively connected to the live line L and the zero line N of the ac power supply B, and the power detection circuit 202 is configured to collect a power supply signal and transmit the power supply signal to the control unit 40, where the power supply signal includes a power supply frequency; the control unit 40 may determine whether the power supply is available or not based on the power supply signal transmitted by the power supply detection circuit 202, and determine the time delay for controlling the controllable switch 10 to be closed according to the power supply frequency, for example, when the gear is adjusted, the controllable switch of a certain gear needs to be controlled to be closed, since the power supply is the commercial power, i.e. the alternating current of 50HZ, the closing is preferably performed when the waveform of the commercial power passes through the abscissa, i.e. the abscissa is 0, and the damage to the controllable switch is minimal.
In an alternative embodiment of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the gear control circuit further includes a rectifying unit 50, and the control unit 40 is connected to the ac power supply B through the rectifying unit 50, so that the control unit 40 can convert the ac power of the ac power supply B into the dc power for its operation based on the rectifying unit 50; in addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the control unit 40 may be directly connected to a dc power source to supply power to the control unit 40, and as a possible embodiment, the rectifying unit 50 may be specifically a rectifier or other components capable of converting ac into dc.
As a possible embodiment, a farad C5 may be connected in parallel between the rectifying unit 50 and the control unit 40, as shown in fig. 4, so that the control unit 40 can maintain an alarm for a certain time in case of power failure of the external voltage.
In an alternative embodiment of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the gear control circuit further includes a filtering and jamming unit 60, the ground wire of the ac power supply B is connected to the ac motor a through the filtering and jamming unit 60, the zero line N of the ac power supply B is connected to the ac motor a and the rectifying unit 50 through the filtering and jamming unit 60, and the live line L of the ac power supply B is connected to the rectifying unit 50 and the input end of the controllable switch 10 through the filtering and jamming unit 60.
As a possible implementation, as shown in fig. 5, the filtering and anti-jamming unit 60 includes a fuse S1, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4, one end of the fuse S1 is connected to the live line L of the ac power supply B, the other end of the fuse S1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R11, the second end of the resistor R11 is connected to the rectifying unit 50 and the second end of the capacitor C3, the first end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the neutral line N of the ac power supply B, the neutral line N of the ac power supply B is connected to the ac motor a, the first end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C3, the second end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the ground line E of the ac power supply B, the first end of the resistor R12 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C3, and the second end of the resistor R12 is connected to the neutral line N of the ac power supply B through a resistor R13; in addition to the filtering and interference rejection unit 60 implemented by the above circuit structure, the filtering and interference rejection unit 60 may be implemented by another existing filtering and interference rejection structure.
In the above embodiment, the resistor R11 is a thermistor that functions as overcurrent protection and overheat detection in the circuit; the capacitor C3 is used for inhibiting EMI conductive interference, eliminating spark circuit and other functions; the resistor R12 and the resistor R13 can ensure that the voltage of the power plug in 1s is reduced to below 36V when the plug is pulled out, so that personal safety is protected.
Second embodiment
The application provides a gear control system of an alternating current motor, the system includes an alternating current power supply B, an alternating current electrode a and a gear control circuit described in any optional implementation manner in the first embodiment, each controllable switch 10 in the gear control circuit is respectively connected with a plurality of gears of the alternating current power supply B and the alternating current motor a in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the gear control system of this embodiment is consistent with the gear control circuit described in the first embodiment in principle, and details are not repeated here.
In the gear control system designed above, because the gear control circuit designed above is included, the control unit can receive the target gear m transmitted by the gear input unit, and determine the current gear n through the switch state of each controllable switch detected by the detection unit, then control the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between n and m to be sequentially turned on according to the sequence of gears from small to large when m is greater than n, and turn off the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i-1 after turning on the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i; under the condition that m is smaller than n, the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between m and n are controlled to be sequentially turned on from large to small according to the gear, and the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i +1 is turned off after the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i is turned on; through such design for when carrying out the gear switching, progressively switch over in proper order the gear for the switching of gear is more level and smooth, and the gear progressively switches over for once only adjusting to the gear that differs too much, can produce littleer impulse current, and then has reduced the loss to controllable switch, has improved controllable switch's life-span.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units through some communication interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
In addition, units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
Furthermore, the functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A gear control circuit for an ac motor, the gear control circuit comprising:
the controllable switches are respectively used for being connected with a live wire of an alternating current power supply and being respectively used for being connected with a plurality of gears of the alternating current motor in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the detection unit is respectively connected with each controllable switch and is used for detecting the switch state of the corresponding controllable switch;
a gear input unit for receiving an externally input target gear m;
the control unit is connected with the gear input unit and used for acquiring the target gear m; the control unit is further connected with each controllable switch and the detection unit respectively, and is used for obtaining the current gear n of the alternating current motor according to the switching state of each controllable switch; if m is larger than n, the control unit controls the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between n and m to be sequentially opened according to the sequence of gears from small to large, and closes the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i-1 after opening the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i; if m is smaller than n, the control unit controls the controllable switches corresponding to each gear between m and n to be sequentially turned on according to the sequence of gears from large to small, and the controllable switch corresponding to the gear i +1 is turned off after the controllable switch corresponding to each gear i is turned on.
2. The gear control circuit according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit comprises a plurality of state detection circuits, and two input ends of each state detection circuit are respectively connected with an output end of a controllable switch and a zero line of an alternating current power supply to obtain a switch state of the corresponding connected controllable switch;
the control unit is connected with the output end of each state detection circuit and used for receiving the switching state of each controllable switch, and when only one controllable switch is determined to be in the closed state according to the switching state of each controllable switch, the gear corresponding to the controllable switch in the closed state is determined as the current gear of the alternating current motor.
3. The range control circuit of claim 2, wherein the control unit is further configured to determine that the AC motor is not activated upon determining that no controllable switch is in the closed state.
4. The gear control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that each state detection circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a diode Q1, a light-coupling isolator D1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the output end of the controllable switch of the corresponding gear, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the transmitting end of the optical coupler isolator D1, the first end of the resistor R3 is connected with the zero line of a power supply, the second end of the resistor R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the emitting end of the optical coupler isolator D1, the positive electrode of the diode Q1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R3, the negative electrode of the diode Q1 is connected with the second end of the resistor R2, and the collector of the receiving end of the optocoupler isolator D1 is connected with the control unit through the resistor R4; a collector at the receiving end of the optocoupler isolator D1 is connected with a high level signal through the resistor R5; and an emitter of a receiving end of the optical coupling isolator D1 is grounded and is connected with the control unit through the capacitor C1.
5. The gear control circuit according to claim 4, wherein the controllable switches are relays, and one end of each resistor R1 is connected to a normally open contact of the relay of the corresponding gear.
6. The gear control circuit according to claim 2, wherein the detection unit further comprises a power detection circuit, two input terminals of the power detection circuit are respectively connected to the live line and the zero line of the ac power supply, an output terminal of the power detection circuit is connected to the control unit, the power detection circuit is configured to collect the power supply signal, and the power supply signal includes a power voltage signal and a power frequency signal;
and the control unit is also used for determining whether the power supply exists or not according to the power supply voltage signal and determining the time delay for controlling the controllable switch to be closed according to the power supply frequency signal.
7. The gear control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that the power supply detection circuit comprises a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a diode Q2, a light coupling isolator D2, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C2, one end of the resistor R6 is connected with the live wire of the alternating current power supply, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the first end of the resistor R7, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the transmitting end of the optical coupling isolator D2, the first end of the resistor R8 is connected with the zero line of the alternating current power supply, the second end of the resistor R8 is connected with the negative electrode of the emitting end of the optical coupler isolator D2, the positive electrode of the diode Q2 is connected with the first end of the resistor R8, the negative electrode of the diode Q2 is connected with the second end of the resistor R7, and the collector of the receiving end of the optocoupler isolator D2 is connected with the control unit through the resistor R9; a collector at the receiving end of the optocoupler isolator D2 is connected with a high level signal through the resistor R10; and an emitter of a receiving end of the optical coupling isolator D2 is grounded and is connected with the control unit through the capacitor C2.
8. The range control circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a rectifying unit, wherein the control unit is connected to the ac power source through the rectifying unit.
9. The gear control circuit according to claim 8, further comprising a filtering and anti-jamming unit, wherein a ground wire of the ac power supply is connected to the ac motor through the filtering and anti-jamming unit, a zero line of the ac power supply is connected to the ac motor and the rectifying unit through the filtering and anti-jamming unit, and a live wire of the ac power supply is connected to the rectifying unit and the input end of the controllable switch through the filtering and anti-jamming unit.
10. A gear control system for an ac electric machine, the system comprising: alternating current power supply, alternating current motor and claim 1-9 any gear control circuit, alternating current motor includes a plurality of gears, the motor rotational speed that each gear corresponds is different, each controllable switch in gear control circuit respectively with alternating current power supply's live wire be connected and respectively with a plurality of gears of alternating current motor one-to-one connection.
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110299653.4A CN113067525A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Gear control circuit and system of alternating current motor |
| PCT/CN2021/130361 WO2022193696A1 (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-12 | Gear control circuit for alternating current motor, system, switch controller, and electronic device |
| US17/794,610 US20230327590A1 (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-12 | Gear control circuit and system for alternating current motor, switch controller, and electronic device |
| GB2211053.0A GB2609316A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-12 | Gear control circuit for alternating current motor, system, switch controller and electronic device |
| KR1020227021180A KR20220131377A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-12 | AC motor gear control circuit and system, switch controller and electronic equipment |
| EP21920115.9A EP4087116A4 (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-12 | Gear control circuit for alternating current motor, system, switch controller, and electronic device |
| JP2022539075A JP7377982B2 (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-12 | AC motor gear control circuit and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110299653.4A CN113067525A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Gear control circuit and system of alternating current motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113067525A true CN113067525A (en) | 2021-07-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110299653.4A Pending CN113067525A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Gear control circuit and system of alternating current motor |
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| CN (1) | CN113067525A (en) |
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Application publication date: 20210702 |