CN113067381B - Multi-lithium battery protection system - Google Patents
Multi-lithium battery protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113067381B CN113067381B CN202110328255.0A CN202110328255A CN113067381B CN 113067381 B CN113067381 B CN 113067381B CN 202110328255 A CN202110328255 A CN 202110328255A CN 113067381 B CN113067381 B CN 113067381B
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-lithium battery protection system, which comprises N lithium batteries, temperature acquisition modules, control modules and detection modules, wherein each lithium battery and each control module are in one-to-one correspondence with each temperature acquisition module, the control modules are connected with the N lithium batteries and the temperature acquisition modules, each detection module comprises an overvoltage detection unit, an overtemperature detection unit and an overcurrent detection unit with N input ports, each detection module comprises N main control chips connected to two ends of each lithium battery, each main control chip is respectively connected with the corresponding input ports of the overvoltage detection unit, the overtemperature detection unit and the overcurrent detection unit, N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, the control modules are used for collecting real-time signals of the lithium batteries and outputting corresponding electric signals to the detection modules, and the detection modules receive the electric signals for processing, so that the circuit design is simplified, the applicability is strong, and the working stability of the lithium batteries in a charging and discharging circuit can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power electronics, in particular to a multi-lithium battery protection system.
Background
The lithium battery has the advantages of small volume, high energy density, no memory effect, high voltage, low self-discharge rate and the like, and can be applied to a plurality of electronic devices, such as mobile phones, electric vehicles, bluetooth devices and the like, and the lithium battery is adopted as a main power supply.
At present, two modes are generally adopted in a management system and a protection device of a lithium ion battery in the market, and one mode is a digital battery management system based on battery management chips produced by companies such as TI, meilin and the like, and the digital battery management system has strong functions, but is complex in technology and high in price, so that the digital battery management system is limited to be widely applied in practice. The other is a lithium ion battery protection board based on a battery protection chip, and has a basic function. However, no system has protection to the voltage, current, over-temperature and the like of the battery, so that the battery generates over-temperature, over-current, over-voltage and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a multi-lithium battery protection system with overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and overtemperature protection, which solves the above technical problems, and is specifically implemented by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a multi-lithium battery protection system, which comprises N lithium batteries, temperature acquisition modules, control modules and detection modules, wherein each lithium battery and each control module are correspondingly connected with each temperature acquisition module one by one, the control modules are connected with the N lithium batteries and the temperature acquisition modules, the detection modules comprise overvoltage detection units of N input ports, over-temperature detection units of N input ports and over-current detection units of N input ports, the control modules comprise N main control chips connected to two ends of each lithium battery, each main control chip is respectively connected with the corresponding input ports of the overvoltage detection units, the over-temperature detection units and the over-current detection units, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and each lithium battery is connected in series;
the control module is used for collecting real-time signals of the lithium battery and outputting corresponding electric signals to the detection module, the detection module is used for receiving the electric signals for processing, the real-time signals comprise real-time temperatures of the lithium battery collected by the temperature collection module, and voltage signals or current signals of the lithium battery collected by the control module.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, when N is 3, the N lithium batteries include a first lithium battery, a second lithium battery and a third lithium battery connected in series, the control module includes a first main control chip, a second main control chip and a third main control chip connected in parallel, and the temperature acquisition module includes a first temperature acquisition circuit, a second temperature acquisition circuit and a third temperature acquisition circuit connected in parallel;
the first lithium battery and the first main control chip are connected with the first temperature acquisition circuit, the first lithium battery is connected with the input end of the first main control chip and the grounding end of the first main control chip, the first input port of the overvoltage detection unit is connected with the first output port of the first main control chip, the first input port of the over-temperature detection unit is connected with the second output port of the first main control chip, and the first input port of the over-current detection unit is connected with the third output port of the first main control chip;
the second lithium battery and the second main control chip are connected with the second temperature acquisition circuit, the second lithium battery is connected with the input end of the second main control chip and the grounding end of the second main control chip, the second input port of the overvoltage detection unit is connected with the first output port of the second main control chip, the second input port of the over-temperature detection unit is connected with the second output port of the second main control chip, and the second input port of the over-current detection unit is connected with the third output port of the second main control chip;
the third lithium battery is connected with the third temperature acquisition circuit, the third lithium battery is connected with the input end of the third main control chip and the output end of the third main control chip, the third input port of the overvoltage detection unit is connected with the first output port of the third main control chip, the third input port of the over-temperature detection unit is connected with the second output port of the third main control chip, and the third input port of the over-current detection unit is connected with the third output port of the third main control chip.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first temperature acquisition circuit includes a first thermocouple, a first resistor, a first triode, a first diode and a second resistor, where the first thermocouple is connected with the first lithium battery and the first resistor, the first resistor is connected with the base electrode of the first triode, the collector electrode of the first triode is connected with the cathode of the first diode, the emitter electrode of the first triode is grounded, and the anode of the first triode is connected with the second resistor;
the second temperature acquisition circuit comprises a second thermocouple, a third resistor, a second triode, a second diode and a fourth resistor, wherein the second thermocouple is connected with the second lithium battery and the third resistor, the third resistor is connected with a base electrode of the second triode, a collector electrode of the second triode is connected with a cathode of the second diode, an emitter electrode of the second triode is grounded, and an anode of the second triode is connected with the fourth resistor;
the third temperature acquisition circuit comprises a third thermocouple, a fifth resistor, a third triode, a third diode and a sixth resistor, wherein the third thermocouple is connected with the third lithium battery and the fifth resistor, the fifth resistor is connected with a base electrode of the third triode, a collector electrode of the third triode is connected with a cathode of the third diode, an emitter electrode of the third triode is grounded, and an anode of the third triode is connected with the sixth resistor.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the overvoltage detection unit includes a first voltage detection circuit, a second voltage detection circuit, and a third voltage detection circuit, where the first voltage detection circuit, the second voltage detection circuit, and the third voltage detection circuit are correspondingly connected to each input port of the overvoltage detection unit;
the first voltage detection circuit comprises a seventh resistor, a first switch tube, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a fourth triode and an eighth resistor, wherein the seventh resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first switch tube, the source electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the anode of the fourth diode, the cathode of the fifth diode are connected with the base electrode of the fourth triode, the emitter of the fourth triode is connected with the anode of the fifth diode, and the collector of the fourth triode is connected with the eighth resistor;
the second voltage detection circuit comprises a ninth resistor, a second switch tube, a sixth diode, a seventh diode, a fifth triode and a tenth resistor, wherein the ninth resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the second switch tube, the source electrode of the second switch tube is connected with the anode of the sixth diode, the cathode of the seventh diode are connected with the base electrode of the fifth triode, the emitter of the fifth triode is connected with the anode of the seventh diode, and the collector of the fifth triode is connected with the tenth resistor;
the third voltage detection circuit comprises an eleventh resistor, a third switch tube, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a sixth triode and a twelfth resistor, wherein the eleventh resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the third switch tube, the source electrode of the third switch tube is connected with the anode of the eighth diode, the cathode of the ninth diode is connected with the base electrode of the sixth triode, the emitter of the sixth triode is connected with the anode of the ninth diode, and the collector of the sixth triode is connected with the twelfth resistor.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the first switching tube, the second switching tube and the third switching tube are MOS tubes, and the fourth triode, the fifth triode and the sixth triode are amplifying triodes.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the multi-lithium battery protection system further includes:
the three communication buses are respectively connected with the overvoltage detection circuit, the over-temperature protection circuit and the over-current protection circuit and used for transmitting the real-time signals;
and the display module is connected with the three communication buses and used for displaying the real-time signals.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the display module includes:
the judging unit is connected with the communication bus and is used for judging whether the real-time signal exceeds a preset threshold value and generating a detection result;
and the adjusting unit is connected with the judging unit and is used for adjusting the circuit where the lithium battery is positioned according to the detection result.
The invention provides a multi-lithium battery protection system, which has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The lithium battery is connected with the temperature acquisition module and the control module, so that the temperature of the lithium battery can be detected in real time, and the control module is respectively connected with the overvoltage detection unit, the overtemperature detection unit and the overcurrent detection unit, so that the lithium battery or a circuit where the lithium battery is located can be effectively protected from abnormal conditions.
(2) The overvoltage detection unit, the overcurrent detection unit and the overtemperature detection unit are connected to the output end of each main control chip, the number of output ports of the overvoltage detection unit, the overcurrent detection unit and the overtemperature detection unit can be set according to the number of lithium batteries, the circuit design is simplified, and the applicability is strong.
(3) The integrated system of overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and over-temperature protection is adopted, so that the working stability of the lithium battery in a charging and discharging circuit can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the cost is low, and the lithium battery is easy to popularize on a large scale.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-lithium battery protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a multi-section lithium battery protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a temperature acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an overvoltage detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of main reference numerals:
100-a multi-lithium battery protection system; a 110-lithium battery; 120-a temperature acquisition module; 130-a control module; 140-a detection module; 150-an over-temperature detection unit; 160-an overpressure detection unit; 170-an overcurrent detection unit; 180-a first lithium battery; 181-a second lithium battery; 182-third lithium battery; 183-a first master control chip; 184-a second main control chip; 185-a third main control chip; 193-a first temperature acquisition circuit; 194-a second temperature acquisition circuit; 195-a third temperature acquisition circuit; 196-a first voltage detection circuit; 197-a second voltage detection circuit; 198-a third voltage detection circuit; 200-a multi-lithium battery protection system; 210-a communication bus; 220-a display module; 230-a judging unit; 240-an adjustment unit.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a multi-lithium battery protection system 100, which includes N lithium batteries 110, a temperature acquisition module 120, a control module 130 and a detection module 140, each lithium battery 110 and each control module 130 are connected with each temperature acquisition module 120 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the control module 130 is connected with the N lithium batteries 110 and the temperature acquisition module 120, the detection module 140 includes an overvoltage detection unit 160 with N input ports, an over-temperature detection unit 150 with N input ports and an over-current detection unit 170 with N input ports, the control module 130 includes N master control chips connected at two ends of each lithium battery 110, each master control chip is respectively connected with the corresponding input ports of the overvoltage detection unit 160, the over-temperature detection unit 150 and the over-current detection unit 170, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and each lithium battery 110 is connected in series;
the control module 130 is configured to collect real-time signals of the lithium battery 110 and output corresponding electrical signals to the detection module 140, the detection module 140 is configured to receive the electrical signals for processing, the real-time signals include real-time temperature of the lithium battery 110 collected by the temperature collection module 120, and voltage signals or current signals of the lithium battery 110 collected by the control module 130.
In this embodiment, the lithium battery is a battery using a nonaqueous electrolyte solution, which is made of lithium metal or a lithium alloy as a positive-negative electrode material, and has two shapes: the battery is formed by adopting a spiral winding structure in the cylindrical and square battery and using a very fine polyethylene film isolating material with very strong permeability to separate the positive electrode from the negative electrode. The positive electrode comprises a current collector composed of lithium cobaltate (or nickel cobalt lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate and the like) and aluminum foil. The negative electrode is composed of a current collector composed of graphitized carbon material and copper foil, and the battery is filled with organic electrolyte solution. In addition, a safety valve and a PTC element (partially cylindrical use) are provided to protect the battery from damage in an abnormal state and an output short circuit. The voltage of a single lithium battery is 3.7V (3.2V of the positive electrode of lithium iron phosphate), the capacity of the battery cannot be infinitely large, and the single lithium battery is often subjected to series-parallel connection treatment so as to meet the requirements of different occasions. The temperature acquisition module can be that temperature sensor is connected with every lithium cell for gather the temperature condition that the lithium cell inserts in the circuit in real time, control module is connected to temperature detection module and lithium cell, control module promptly, temperature acquisition module and lithium cell one-to-one set up, control module is control chip such as MCU, the input port quantity of overvoltage detection unit, overtemperature detection unit and overcurrent detection unit is the same with the quantity of lithium cell that inserts, and the quantity of overvoltage detection unit, overtemperature detection unit and overcurrent detection unit is one respectively, carry out overvoltage, overtemperature and overcurrent real-time detection and provide the protection to every lithium cell on the circuit, the circuit design has been simplified, the job stabilization nature of lithium cell circuit has been improved.
The reasons for the overcurrent include an overload current and a short-circuit current, and the overload current refers to overload of the electrical circuit caused by excessive electric equipment or overload of the supplied equipment, such as excessive mechanical load of the connected motor. The short circuit current refers to the fact that when the circuit insulation is damaged due to various reasons including overload, conductors with unequal potential are conducted through fault points with negligible impedance, the paths of the short circuit are all metal paths, the short circuit current value can reach hundreds to thousands times of the current carrying capacity of the circuit conductors, abnormal high temperature or huge mechanical stress can be generated, and various disasters are caused. Abrupt changes in circuit state and electromagnetic state in the power system are the root cause of the generation of overvoltage. Overvoltage is divided into two main types, external overvoltage and internal overvoltage. The cause of various overvoltage in the power system is studied, and measures are taken to limit, so that the premise of determining the insulation fit of the power system is provided.
When N is 3, the N lithium batteries 110 include a first lithium battery 180, a second lithium battery 181, and a third lithium battery 182 that are connected in series, the control module 130 includes a first main control chip 183, a second main control chip 184, and a third main control chip 185 that are connected in parallel, and the temperature acquisition module 120 includes a first temperature acquisition circuit 193, a second temperature acquisition circuit 194, and a third temperature acquisition circuit 195 that are connected in parallel;
the first lithium battery 180 and the first main control chip 183 are connected to the first temperature acquisition circuit 193, the first lithium battery 180 is connected to an input end of the first main control chip 183 and a ground end of the first main control chip 183, a first input port of the overvoltage detection unit 160 is connected to a first output port of the first main control chip 183, a first input port of the over-temperature detection unit 150 is connected to a second output port of the first main control chip 183, and a first input port of the over-current detection unit 170 is connected to a third output port of the first main control chip 183;
the second lithium battery 181 and the second main control chip 184 are connected to the second temperature acquisition circuit 194, the second lithium battery 181 is connected to an input end of the second main control chip 184 and a ground end of the second main control chip 184, a second input port of the overvoltage detection unit 160 is connected to a first output port of the second main control chip 184, a second input port of the over-temperature detection unit 150 is connected to a second output port of the second main control chip 184, and a second input port of the over-current detection unit 170 is connected to a third output port of the second main control chip 184;
the third lithium battery 182, the third main control chip 185, the third lithium battery, the input end of the third main control chip 185, the output end of the third main control chip 185, the third input port of the overvoltage detection unit 160, the first output port of the third main control chip 185, the third input port of the over-temperature detection unit 150, the second output port of the third main control chip 185, and the third input port of the over-current detection unit 170.
It should be understood that the control module collects real-time signals of the lithium battery and outputs corresponding electric signals to the detection module, the detection module receives the electric signals for processing, the real-time signals include real-time temperatures of the lithium battery collected by the temperature collection module, when the real-time temperatures on the judgment circuit exceed preset temperatures, the control module collects voltage or current signals of the lithium battery, and the voltage or current in the circuits of the over-temperature detection unit, the over-current detection unit and the over-voltage detection unit is protected, for example, voltage division or current division can be achieved, and normal charging or discharging processes of the lithium battery can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 4, optionally, the first temperature acquisition circuit 193 includes a first thermocouple, a first resistor R1, a first triode B1, a first diode D1, and a second resistor R2, where the first thermocouple is connected to the first lithium battery K1 and the first resistor, the first resistor is connected to a base of the first triode, a collector of the first triode is connected to a cathode of the first diode, an emitter of the first triode is grounded, and an anode of the first triode is connected to the second resistor;
the second temperature acquisition circuit 194 includes a second thermocouple, a third resistor R3, a second triode B2, a second diode D2, and a fourth resistor R4, where the second thermocouple is connected with the second lithium battery and the third resistor, the third resistor is connected with the base of the second triode, the collector of the second triode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the emitter of the second triode is grounded, and the anode of the second triode is connected with the fourth resistor;
the third temperature acquisition circuit 195 includes a third thermocouple, a fifth resistor R5, a third triode B3, a third diode D3, and a sixth resistor R6, where the third thermocouple is connected with the third lithium battery and the fifth resistor, the fifth resistor is connected with the base of the third triode, the collector of the third triode is connected with the cathode of the third diode, the emitter of the third triode is grounded, and the anode of the third triode is connected with the sixth resistor.
In this embodiment, the thermocouple is a measurement element commonly used in a temperature measurement meter, directly measures temperature, converts a temperature signal into a thermoelectromotive signal, and converts the thermoelectromotive signal into the temperature of a medium to be measured through an electrical meter. The thermocouple is physically connected with the corresponding lithium battery and is used for detecting the temperature of the battery in real time and outputting detection current. The resistors are voltage stabilizing resistors, and the triode is used for amplifying output current so as to improve the detection accuracy of each lithium battery.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 5, the overvoltage detection unit 160 includes a first voltage detection circuit 196, a second voltage detection circuit 197, and a third voltage detection circuit 198, where the first voltage detection circuit 196, the second voltage detection circuit 197, and the third voltage detection circuit 198 are correspondingly connected to each input port of the overvoltage detection unit 190;
the first voltage detection circuit 196 includes a seventh resistor R7, a first switch tube M1, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a fourth triode B4, and an eighth resistor R8, where the seventh resistor is connected to the gate of the first switch tube, the source of the first switch tube is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, the cathode of the fifth diode are connected to the base of the fourth triode, the emitter of the fourth triode is connected to the anode of the fifth diode, and the collector of the fourth triode is connected to the eighth resistor;
the second voltage detection circuit 197 includes a ninth resistor R9, a second switch tube M2, a sixth diode D6, a seventh diode D7, a fifth triode B5, and a tenth resistor R10, where the ninth resistor is connected to the gate of the second switch tube, the source of the second switch tube is connected to the anode of the sixth diode, the cathode of the seventh diode are connected to the base of the fifth triode, the emitter of the fifth triode is connected to the anode of the seventh diode, and the collector of the fifth triode is connected to the tenth resistor;
the third voltage detection circuit 198 includes an eleventh resistor R11, a third switch tube M3, an eighth diode D8, a ninth diode R9, a sixth triode B6, and a twelfth resistor R12, where the eleventh resistor is connected to the gate of the third switch tube, the source of the third switch tube is connected to the anode of the eighth diode, the cathode of the ninth diode is connected to the base of the sixth triode, the emitter of the sixth triode is connected to the anode of the ninth diode, and the collector of the sixth triode is connected to the twelfth resistor.
In this embodiment, the circuit structures of the first voltage detection circuit, the second voltage detection circuit and the third voltage detection circuit are the same, each voltage detection circuit is composed of two voltage stabilizing resistors, and the principles of the overvoltage detection circuit, the overcurrent detection circuit and the overtemperature detection circuit are the same. The first switching tube, the second switching tube and the third switching tube are MOS tubes, and the fourth triode, the fifth triode and the sixth triode are amplifying triodes so as to realize overvoltage detection and protection of a circuit.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the multi-lithium battery protection system 200 further includes:
three communication buses 210 respectively connected with the overvoltage detection circuit, the over-temperature protection circuit and the over-current protection circuit for transmitting the real-time signals;
and the display module 220 is connected with the three communication buses and is used for displaying the real-time signals.
In this embodiment, the display module 220 includes a judging module 230 and an adjusting module 240, where the judging module is connected to the communication bus and is used for judging whether the real-time signal exceeds a preset threshold value and generating a detection result, and the adjusting module is connected to the judging unit and is used for adjusting a circuit where the lithium battery is located according to the detection result. The display module may be a display screen, and the communication bus may be an RS485 bus. When the real-time signal exceeds the preset threshold value, a detection result is generated, and the adjusting unit adjusts a circuit in which the lithium battery is positioned according to the detection result, if overvoltage and overcurrent occur, the input voltage is required to be adjusted, or the output current is required to be adjusted. To improve the operational stability of the circuit.
According to the multi-lithium battery protection system, the lithium battery is connected with the temperature acquisition module and the control module, so that the temperature of the lithium battery can be detected in real time, and the control module is respectively connected with the overvoltage detection unit, the over-temperature detection unit and the over-current detection unit, so that the lithium battery or the circuit where the lithium battery is located can be effectively protected from abnormal conditions. The overvoltage detection unit, the overcurrent detection unit and the overtemperature detection unit are connected to the output end of each main control chip, the number of output ports of the overvoltage detection unit, the overcurrent detection unit and the overtemperature detection unit can be set according to the number of lithium batteries, the circuit design is simplified, and the applicability is strong. The integrated system of overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and over-temperature protection is adopted, so that the working stability of the lithium battery in a charging and discharging circuit can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the cost is low, and the lithium battery is easy to popularize on a large scale.
Any particular values in all examples shown and described herein are to be construed as merely illustrative and not a limitation, and thus other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The lithium battery protection system is characterized by comprising N lithium batteries, a temperature acquisition module, a control module and a detection module, wherein each lithium battery and each control module are in one-to-one correspondence with each temperature acquisition module, the control module is connected with the N lithium batteries and the temperature acquisition module, the detection module comprises an overvoltage detection unit with N input ports, an overtemperature detection unit with N input ports and an overcurrent detection unit with N input ports, the control module comprises N main control chips connected to two ends of each lithium battery, each main control chip is respectively connected with the corresponding input ports of the overvoltage detection unit, the overtemperature detection unit and the overcurrent detection unit, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and each lithium battery is connected in series;
the control module is used for collecting real-time signals of the lithium battery and outputting corresponding electric signals to the detection module, the detection module is used for receiving the electric signals for processing, the real-time signals comprise real-time temperatures of the lithium battery collected by the temperature collection module, and voltage signals or current signals of the lithium battery collected by the control module;
when N is 3, the N lithium batteries comprise a first lithium battery, a second lithium battery and a third lithium battery which are connected in series, the control module comprises a first main control chip, a second main control chip and a third main control chip which are connected in parallel, and the temperature acquisition module comprises a first temperature acquisition circuit, a second temperature acquisition circuit and a third temperature acquisition circuit which are connected in parallel;
the first lithium battery and the first main control chip are connected with the first temperature acquisition circuit, the first lithium battery is connected with the input end of the first main control chip and the grounding end of the first main control chip, the first input port of the overvoltage detection unit is connected with the first output port of the first main control chip, the first input port of the over-temperature detection unit is connected with the second output port of the first main control chip, and the first input port of the over-current detection unit is connected with the third output port of the first main control chip;
the second lithium battery and the second main control chip are connected with the second temperature acquisition circuit, the second lithium battery is connected with the input end of the second main control chip and the grounding end of the second main control chip, the second input port of the overvoltage detection unit is connected with the first output port of the second main control chip, the second input port of the over-temperature detection unit is connected with the second output port of the second main control chip, and the second input port of the over-current detection unit is connected with the third output port of the second main control chip;
the third lithium battery is connected with the third temperature acquisition circuit, the third lithium battery is connected with the input end of the third main control chip and the output end of the third main control chip, the third input port of the overvoltage detection unit is connected with the first output port of the third main control chip, the third input port of the over-temperature detection unit is connected with the second output port of the third main control chip, and the third input port of the over-current detection unit is connected with the third output port of the third main control chip.
2. The lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, wherein the first temperature acquisition circuit comprises a first thermocouple, a first resistor, a first triode, a first diode and a second resistor, the first thermocouple is connected with the first lithium battery and the first resistor, the first resistor is connected with a base electrode of the first triode, a collector electrode of the first triode is connected with a cathode electrode of the first diode, an emitter electrode of the first triode is grounded, and an anode electrode of the first triode is connected with the second resistor;
the second temperature acquisition circuit comprises a second thermocouple, a third resistor, a second triode, a second diode and a fourth resistor, wherein the second thermocouple is connected with the second lithium battery and the third resistor, the third resistor is connected with a base electrode of the second triode, a collector electrode of the second triode is connected with a cathode of the second diode, an emitter electrode of the second triode is grounded, and an anode of the second triode is connected with the fourth resistor;
the third temperature acquisition circuit comprises a third thermocouple, a fifth resistor, a third triode, a third diode and a sixth resistor, wherein the third thermocouple is connected with the third lithium battery and the fifth resistor, the fifth resistor is connected with a base electrode of the third triode, a collector electrode of the third triode is connected with a cathode of the third diode, an emitter electrode of the third triode is grounded, and an anode of the third triode is connected with the sixth resistor.
3. The multi-lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, wherein the overvoltage detection unit includes a first voltage detection circuit, a second voltage detection circuit, and a third voltage detection circuit, the first voltage detection circuit, the second voltage detection circuit, and the third voltage detection circuit being correspondingly connected to each input port of the overvoltage detection unit;
the first voltage detection circuit comprises a seventh resistor, a first switch tube, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a fourth triode and an eighth resistor, wherein the seventh resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first switch tube, the source electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the anode of the fourth diode, the cathode of the fifth diode are connected with the base electrode of the fourth triode, the emitter of the fourth triode is connected with the anode of the fifth diode, and the collector of the fourth triode is connected with the eighth resistor;
the second voltage detection circuit comprises a ninth resistor, a second switch tube, a sixth diode, a seventh diode, a fifth triode and a tenth resistor, wherein the ninth resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the second switch tube, the source electrode of the second switch tube is connected with the anode of the sixth diode, the cathode of the seventh diode are connected with the base electrode of the fifth triode, the emitter of the fifth triode is connected with the anode of the seventh diode, and the collector of the fifth triode is connected with the tenth resistor;
the third voltage detection circuit comprises an eleventh resistor, a third switch tube, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a sixth triode and a twelfth resistor, wherein the eleventh resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the third switch tube, the source electrode of the third switch tube is connected with the anode of the eighth diode, the cathode of the ninth diode is connected with the base electrode of the sixth triode, the emitter of the sixth triode is connected with the anode of the ninth diode, and the collector of the sixth triode is connected with the twelfth resistor.
4. The lithium battery protection system of claim 3, wherein the first, second, and third switching transistors are MOS transistors, and the fourth, fifth, and sixth transistors are amplifying transistors.
5. The multi-cell lithium battery protection system of claim 1, further comprising:
the three communication buses are respectively connected with the overvoltage detection unit, the overtemperature detection unit and the overcurrent detection unit and used for transmitting the real-time signals;
and the display module is connected with the three communication buses and used for displaying the real-time signals.
6. The multi-cell lithium battery protection system of claim 5, wherein the display module comprises:
the judging unit is connected with the communication bus and is used for judging whether the real-time signal exceeds a preset threshold value and generating a detection result;
and the adjusting unit is connected with the judging unit and is used for adjusting the circuit where the lithium battery is positioned according to the detection result.
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