CN113067128B - Liquid corner reflector antenna with reconfigurable frequency and adjustable lobe width - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid angle reflector antenna with reconfigurable frequency and adjustable lobe width, which mainly solves the problems that the existing technology cannot reconfigure the antenna resonance frequency and cannot adjust the horizontal lobe width of the antenna. It includes a metal base plate, two passive vibrator arms fixed on the upper surface of the metal base plate, and an active vibrator located within the angle formed by the two passive vibrator arms; The source vibrator is composed; the passive vibrator includes a hollow tube and an insulating device, and some of the hollow tubes are filled with conductive liquid. Adjustment; the active vibrator includes a liquid collecting hollow tube, an insulating device, a conductive liquid and a feeding device; by adjusting the height of the conductive liquid in the active vibrator, the reconfiguration of the antenna resonant frequency is realized. Compared with the prior art, the present invention broadens the function of the antenna and can be used for receiving and transmitting signals in a wireless communication system.

Description

A liquid corner reflector antenna with reconfigurable frequency and adjustable lobe width

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave communication devices, in particular to a liquid corner reflector antenna, which can be used for receiving and transmitting signals in a wireless communication system.

Background technique

The corner reflector antenna is an antenna system formed by placing a plane or grating reflector behind the radiation unit. Its working principle is: place a reflector in one direction of the radiation unit, and the reflector will radiate the radiation unit to the electromagnetic wave in this direction. It is reflected back, so that the antenna can radiate in a direction; because this antenna system uses the structure of the reflector, the gain of the antenna is improved, and the front-to-back ratio of the field strength is large, so it has been widely used in television reception, communication and radar. Wide range of applications. With the development of science and technology and social progress, people have new requirements for the corner reflector antenna, such as frequency reconfigurability, pattern reconfiguration and lobe width adjustment. However, because the traditional corner reflector antenna itself uses solid metal Structural constraints make it unable to meet one or more of the above requirements at the same time.

In order to realize the reconfigurable characteristics of the pattern, researchers have made many attempts in different ways. For example, the patent with the authorization announcement number CN110190377B and the title of 'a pattern reconfigurable liquid antenna' discloses a pattern reconfigurable liquid antenna. The liquid corner reflector antenna constructed by the antenna includes a liquid monopole, a liquid reflecting surface, a ground plate and a feeding structure. It utilizes the principle of a corner reflector and injects conductive liquid to form different liquids by selecting a specific position of the liquid reflecting surface. The reflective surface achieves the effect of reconfigurable pattern. The above invention utilizes the liquidity and fluidity of the conductive liquid to enable the antenna to achieve the effect of reconfigurability of the directional pattern, but the disadvantages are that the frequency cannot be reconfigured, and the lobe width cannot be adjusted.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and to propose a liquid angle reflector antenna with reconfigurable frequency and adjustable lobe width, aiming at realizing the reconfiguration of the resonant frequency of the antenna and the detection of the horizontal wave of the antenna. Adjustment of flap width.

For realizing the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is realized like this:

A liquid corner reflector antenna with reconfigurable frequency and adjustable lobe width, comprising a metal base plate, two passive oscillator arms and active oscillators, each passive oscillator arm is composed of a plurality of collinear passive oscillators , the bottom end of the active vibrator is provided with a feeding device, these vibrators are fixed on the upper surface of the metal base plate, and the vibrator is filled with conductive liquid, which is characterized in that:

The two passive vibrator arms are respectively fixed on two sides of the metal base plate, and are mirror-symmetrical about the angle bisector of the included angle formed by them, and the distances between adjacent passive vibrators are equal; The passive vibrator part in the arm contains the conductive liquid, and at least three passive vibrators containing the conductive liquid are arranged adjacently or at intervals, and the passive vibrators containing the conductive liquid on the two passive vibrator arms are placed symmetrically. The two passive vibrator arms contain the number of conductive liquid passive vibrators to adjust the horizontal lobe width of the antenna;

The active vibrator is located on the bisector of the included angle formed by the two passive vibrator arms which is smaller than the flat angle. By adjusting the height of the conductive liquid in the active vibrator, the reconfiguration of the antenna resonant frequency is realized.

Further, each passive vibrator includes a hollow tube and a first insulating device, the hollow tube is perpendicular to the metal floor, and the first insulating device is sealed at the bottom of the hollow tube.

Further, the active vibrator includes a liquid collecting hollow tube and a second insulating device, the liquid collecting hollow tube is perpendicular to the metal floor, and the second insulating device is sealed at the bottom of the liquid collecting hollow tube and inlaid with the feeding device.

Further, the height of the insulating device in the passive vibrator and the insulating device in the active vibrator can be adjusted. By adjusting the heights of the two insulating devices, the impedance of the antenna can be changed to realize the matching of the impedance of the antenna and the feeder.

Further, the feeding device includes a feeding base plate, a connector, and a feeding probe, the feeding base plate is fixed on the upper surface of the second insulating device, the connector is located on the lower surface of the metal base plate, and the feeding probe is insulated from the metal base plate, One end is connected to the feeding base plate, and the other end is connected to the connector through the metal base plate. The connection point of the feed probe and the feed base is located in the center of the feed base.

Further, the reconfiguration of the resonant frequency of the antenna is realized by adjusting the height of the conductive liquid in the active vibrator, which is based on the radius of the liquid collection hollow tube, the relative permittivity and conductivity of the conductive liquid, in the liquid collection. The height of the conductive liquid corresponding to the resonant frequency of the antenna is set in the empty pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The present invention utilizes the principle that the physical length of the antenna vibrator affects the resonant frequency of the antenna, and the height of the conductive liquid contained in the active vibrator liquid collecting hollow tube realizes the reconfigurable characteristic of the antenna frequency, compared with the prior art. , effectively broadening the function of the antenna.

2. The present invention utilizes the principle that the passive vibrator of the angular reflector antenna will affect the pattern of the antenna, and controls the passive vibrator by controlling the presence or absence of the conductive liquid contained in the partial liquid collecting hollow tubes in the two passive vibrator arms. The influence of the number on the antenna pattern, so as to achieve the effect that the antenna lobe width can be adjusted, and compared with the prior art, the function of the antenna is further broadened.

3. In the present invention, since the insulating device is set in the active vibrator and the passive vibrator, the feeding base plate and the metal base plate can form a capacitor similar to the loading medium in the active vibrator, and the conductive liquid and the metal can be formed in the passive vibrator. The bottom plate forms a capacitor similar to a loaded medium. By adjusting the height of the passive vibrator insulation device and the active vibrator insulation device, the impedance of these two capacitors can be adjusted, so as to change the antenna impedance and match the impedance of the antenna and the feeder. There is no need to design a matching network, which simplifies the complexity of the antenna structure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the feeding device in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the S ₁₁ curve diagram corresponding to different conductive liquid heights of the active vibrator liquid collecting hollow tube in the present invention;

4 is a comparison diagram of the H-plane gain corresponding to different numbers of passive oscillators at 190 MHz in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a graph of _S11 corresponding to different heights of the first insulating device and the second insulating device in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

Referring to FIG. 1, this example includes a metal base plate 1, an active oscillator 2 and two passive oscillator arms, each passive oscillator arm is composed of N passive oscillators 3, in this example, N≥3, these passive oscillators 3 They are respectively fixed on the two sides of the metal base plate 1, and are mirror-symmetrical about the angular bisector of the angle formed by the two passive vibrator arms, and the distances between adjacent passive vibrators 3 are equal; the active vibrator 2 is located on the two On the bisector of the angle formed by the passive vibrator arms.

Each of the passive vibrators 3 includes a hollow tube 31 and a first insulating device 32. The liquid hollow tube 31 is perpendicular to the metal bottom plate 1. The first insulating device 32 is sealed at the bottom of the hollow tube 31 and is partially hollow. The tube 31 is filled with conductive liquid, and on each passive vibrator arm, at least three hollow tubes 31 are selected according to adjacent or spaced intervals to contain the conductive liquid. The antenna is placed symmetrically above, and the uniform adjustment of the horizontal lobe width of the antenna is realized by adjusting the number of the passive vibrators filled with conductive liquid on the two passive vibrator arms.

The active vibrator 2 includes a liquid collecting hollow tube 21 , a second insulating device 22 and a conductive liquid. The liquid collecting hollow tube 21 is perpendicular to the metal bottom plate 1 , and the second insulating device 22 is sealed in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 . The bottom is inlaid with the feeding device 4 , and the conductive liquid is contained in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 . According to the radius of the liquid collecting hollow tube 21, the relative permittivity and conductivity of the conductive liquid, the height of the conductive liquid corresponding to the antenna resonance frequency is set in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21, so as to realize the reconfiguration of the antenna resonance frequency .

The heights of the insulating device 32 in the passive vibrator 3 and the insulating device 22 in the active vibrator 2 can be adjusted. By adjusting the heights of the two insulating devices, the antenna impedance can be changed and the impedance of the antenna and the feeder can be matched.

The conductive liquid in the above-mentioned passive vibrator 3 and active vibrator 2 adopts liquid metal or seawater or sodium chloride solution. This example adopts but is not limited to seawater with a relative permittivity of 81, and its conductivity is 4 Siemens/meter.

The feeding device 4 includes a feeding base plate 41, a connector 42 and a feeding probe 43, the feeding base plate 41 is fixed on the upper surface of the second insulating device 22, the connector 42 is located on the lower surface of the metal base plate 1, and the feeding probe is The pin 43 is insulated from the metal base plate 1 , one end of the needle 43 is connected to the feeding base plate 41 , and the other end is connected to the connector 42 through the metal base plate 1 . The connection point between the feeding probe 43 and the feeding base plate 41 is located at the center of the feeding base plate 41 .

The metal base plate 1 is used as the ground of the antenna. The metal base plate 1 of this example is made of a square plate, made of iron material, the side length is 2000mm, and the thickness is 2mm. A round hole is punched on the metal base plate 1. The center of the hole is on the diagonal line of the metal base plate, the length from the two sides of the metal base plate 1 is 600mm, and the diameter of the hole is 8mm. connection, and to prevent short circuit between the feeding probe 43 and the metal base plate 1 .

The hollow tubes 31 are equidistantly fixed on both sides of the metal base plate 1, and their arrangement is symmetrical about the angular bisector of the angle formed by the two passive vibrator arms, so that the antenna lobe is about the clip formed by the two passive vibrator arms. The angular bisector of the angle is symmetrical, which is convenient to adjust the lobe width evenly; the hollow tube 31 is made of but not limited to PVC material with a relative permittivity of about 4, the shape is a circle, its inner diameter is 50mm, and its height is 1100mm, the thickness is 2mm, and the height of the conductive liquid contained is 600mm. In this example, the number of hollow tubes 31 is set to be nine, and one is selected to be placed at the intersection of the two passive vibrator arms. On the corner closest to the circular hole on the metal base plate 1, the distance from the center to the two sides of the metal base plate 1 is 77mm, and the remaining eight hollow tubes 31 are arranged according to the rules of symmetrical distribution on the two passive vibrator arms , the included angle of the two passive vibrator arms is 90 degrees, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent hollow tubes 31 is 350 mm. The first insulating device 32 arranged in the hollow tube 31 is used to prevent short circuit between the conductive liquid contained in the hollow tube and the metal base plate 1 . The first insulating device 32 in this example is made of, but not limited to, Teflon material with a relative permittivity of about 2.1, the shape is a cylinder, the height is 10 mm, and the diameter is 50 mm; each first insulating device is fixed on the hollow tube 31, the lower surface of which is in contact with the upper surface of the metal base plate 1.

The liquid collecting hollow tube 21 is fixed on the bisector of the angle formed by the two passive vibrator arms, so that the antenna lobe is symmetrical with respect to the angular bisector of the angle formed by the two passive vibrator arms; The liquid collecting hollow tube 21 is made of, but not limited to, PVC material with a relative permittivity of about 4, and is circular in shape, with an inner diameter of 50 mm, a height of 1100 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm. The height of the conductive liquid contained therein is 300 mm. ; The liquid collecting hollow tube 21 is vertically fixed on the metal base plate 1, and its center coincides with the center of the hole on the metal base plate 1. The second insulating device 22 in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 is used to prevent the conductive liquid in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 from short-circuiting with the metal base plate 1 . This example is made of but not limited to Teflon material with a relative permittivity of about 2.1, the shape is a cylinder, the height is 10mm, and the diameter is 50mm; a circular hole is punched in the center of the second insulating device 22, The diameter is equal to the diameter of the feeding probe 43 , and the size is 4 mm. The function of the circular hole is to allow the feeding probe 43 to pass therethrough to facilitate connection to the feeding base plate 41 . The second insulating device 22 is fixed on the bottom of the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 , the center of the circular hole on it coincides with the center of the hole on the metal base plate 1 , and the lower surface of the second insulating device 22 is the upper surface of the metal base plate 1 . touch;

Referring to FIG. 2 , the function of the power feeding device 4 is to feed the conductive liquid to the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 of the active vibrator. The function of the power feeding base plate 41 in the device is to directly contact the conductive liquid in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 for power feeding, which is made of but not limited to copper, the shape is circular, the thickness D is 2mm, and the diameter R ₁ is 50mm; the connector in the device adopts an N-type connector; the function of the feeding probe 43 in the device is to transmit the feeding signal fed from the connector 42 to the feeding base plate 41, which adopts but is not limited to Made _of copper, it is cylindrical in shape, its length H1 is 12mm, and its diameter _R2 is 4mm.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the connector 42 transmits the feeding signal to the feeding base plate 41 through the feeding probe 43, so that the conductive liquid in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 of the active vibrator is charged. It becomes a radiator; the energy radiated by the charged conductive liquid in the liquid collector hollow tube 21 is coupled to the conductive liquid in the hollow tube 31 of the passive vibrator, so that the conductive liquid is charged, and the passive vibrator becomes radiation Then, by adjusting the height of the conductive liquid contained in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21, the physical height of the active vibrator is controlled, thereby affecting the resonant frequency of the antenna and realizing the reconfiguration of the resonant frequency of the antenna; by controlling the two passive The presence or absence of conductive liquid in the hollow tube 31 of the vibrator arm part controls the number of passive vibrators 3, thereby affecting the antenna pattern and adjusting the horizontal lobe width of the antenna.

Several simulation examples of adjusting the horizontal lobe width of the antenna of the present invention and reconfiguring the resonant frequency of the antenna are given below to further illustrate the advantages of the present invention.

Simulation example 1, reconfigurable antenna resonant frequency:

In this example, the commercial software HFSS is used for simulation. The heights of the first insulating device 32 and the second insulating device 22 are both 30 mm, and the 9 hollow tubes of the two passive vibrator arms are filled with conductive liquid. In 21, the resonant frequency of the antenna is simulated under the four cases where the height of the conductive liquid is 250mm, 280mm, 310mm, and 340mm. The results are shown in Figure 3, where the ordinate represents the return loss S ₁₁ of the antenna, and the abscissa represents the frequency , in MHz.

As can be seen from Figure 3, when the height of the conductive liquid in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 of the active vibrator is 250mm, the corresponding antenna resonance frequency is 208MHz; when the height of the conductive liquid is 280mm, the corresponding antenna resonance frequency is 195MHz; When the height of the conductive liquid is 310mm, the corresponding antenna resonance frequency is 184MHz; when the height of the conductive liquid is 340mm, the corresponding antenna resonance frequency is 175MHz. The results show that the different heights of the conductive liquid in the liquid collecting hollow tube 21 correspond to different resonant frequencies of the antenna, and the antenna frequency can be reconfigured by adjusting the height of the conductive liquid of the active oscillator 2 .

Simulation example 2, adjustment of horizontal lobe width.

In this example, the commercial software HFSS is used for simulation, and the resonant frequency of the antenna is set to 190 MHz, the height of the first insulating device 32 and the second insulating device 22 is 30 mm, and three passive vibrators containing conductive liquid are respectively set, and five are equipped with conductive liquid. There are 7 passive oscillators containing conductive liquid and 9 passive oscillators containing conductive liquid. In these four cases, the H-plane gain of the antenna is simulated. Among them, three passive oscillators containing conductive liquid are located at The intersection of the two passive vibrator arms and their adjacent positions; five passive vibrators containing conductive liquid are located at the intersection of the two passive vibrator arms and their adjacent 4 positions; the other two cases are analogous, and the simulation results are as follows As shown in FIG. 4 , the ordinate represents the H-plane gain of the antenna, and the unit is dBi.

In Fig. 4, curve A represents the H-plane gain result of the antenna when three passive vibrators containing conductive liquid are set. At this time, the 3dB lobe width of the antenna gain is about 201 degrees; curve B represents that five passive vibrators containing conductive liquid are set. The H-plane gain result of the antenna when the vibrator is used, the 3dB lobe width of the antenna gain is about 94 degrees at this time; the curve C represents the H-plane gain result of the antenna when seven passive vibrators containing conductive liquid are set, and the antenna gain 3dB lobe at this time The width is about 61 degrees; the curve D represents the result of the H-plane gain of the antenna when nine passive vibrators containing conductive liquid are set. At this time, the 3dB lobe width of the antenna gain is about 52 degrees; it can be seen from these four results that by adjusting the two The number of passive vibrators 2 equipped with conductive liquid on each passive vibrator arm can realize the adjustment of the lobe width.

Simulation example 3, verification of antenna impedance matching.

In this example, the commercial software HFSS is used for simulation. It is assumed that the heights of the first insulating device 32 and the second insulating device 22 are always equal during the simulation process of this example. The heights of the first insulating device 32 and the second insulating device 22 are 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, and 30mm. The resonant frequencies of the antenna are simulated in these four cases, and the results are shown in Figure 5, where the ordinate represents the return of the antenna. Wave loss S ₁₁ , the abscissa represents frequency, and the unit is MHz.

It can be seen from FIG. 5 that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is about 164 MHz to 219 MHz. As the heights of the first insulating device 32 and the second insulating device 22 increase continuously, the return loss of the antenna gradually decreases. This result shows that the impedance matching of the antenna is achieved by adjusting the heights of the first insulating device 32 and the second insulating device 22 .

The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not only limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, some modifications and improvements made on the premise of not departing from the innovative concept of the present invention , all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A liquid corner reflector antenna with reconfigurable frequency and adjustable lobe width, comprising a metal base plate (1), two passive dipole arms and an active dipole (2), each passive dipole arm consisting of multiple It is composed of two collinear passive vibrators (3), the bottom end of the active vibrator is provided with a feeding device (4), and these vibrators are fixed on the upper surface of the metal base plate (1), and are characterized in that: The two passive vibrator arms are respectively fixed on two sides of the metal base plate (1), and are mirror-symmetrical about the bisector of the included angle formed by them, and the distances between adjacent passive vibrators are equal; The part of the passive vibrator (3) in the passive vibrator arm contains conductive liquid, and at least three passive vibrators containing conductive liquid are arranged adjacently or at intervals, and two passive vibrator arms contain passive vibrators containing conductive liquid. The oscillators are placed symmetrically, and the horizontal lobe width of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the number of passive oscillators filled with conductive liquid on the two passive oscillator arms; The active vibrator (2) is located on the angular bisector of the included angle formed by the two passive vibrator arms, which is smaller than the flat angle, and a conductive liquid is contained therein. By adjusting the height of the conductive liquid in the active vibrator, the antenna is realized Reconfigurable resonant frequency; Each passive vibrator (3) includes a hollow tube (31) and a first insulating device (32), the hollow tube (31) is perpendicular to the metal bottom plate (1), and the first insulating device (32) is sealed in the the bottom of the hollow tube (31); part of the hollow tube (31) is filled with conductive liquid; The active vibrator (2) comprises a liquid collecting hollow tube (21) and a second insulating device (22), the liquid collecting hollow tube (21) is perpendicular to the metal base plate (1), and the second insulating device (22) is sealed at the bottom of the liquid collecting hollow tube (21), and inlaid with the feeding device; the conductive liquid is contained in the liquid collecting hollow tube (21); The height of the conductive liquid corresponding to the resonant frequency of the antenna is set in the liquid collecting hollow tube (21), so as to realize the reconfiguration of the resonant frequency of the antenna, and the first insulating device (32) and the active vibrator in the passive vibrator (3) The height of the second insulating device (22) in (2) can be adjusted. By adjusting the heights of the two insulating devices, the impedance of the antenna can be changed, and the impedance matching between the antenna and the feeder can be realized. 2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feeding device (4) comprises a feeding base plate (41), a connector (42), a feeding probe (43), and the feeding base plate (41) Fixed on the upper surface of the second insulating device (22), the connector (42) is located on the lower surface of the metal base plate (1), the feeding probe (43) is insulated from the metal base plate (1), and one end of the connector (42) is connected to the feeding base plate (41) The other end is connected to the connector (42) through the metal base plate (1); the connection point between the feeding probe (43) and the feeding base plate (41) is located in the center of the feeding base plate (41). 3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, by adjusting the height of the conductive liquid in the active vibrator, the reconfiguration of the antenna resonant frequency is realized, which is based on the radius of the liquid collecting hollow tube (21), the conductive For the relative permittivity and conductivity of the liquid, the height of the conductive liquid corresponding to the resonant frequency of the antenna is set in the liquid collecting hollow tube (21).

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