CN113065251A - Method and device for acquiring propagation amplitude of strongly coupled waveguide - Google Patents
Method and device for acquiring propagation amplitude of strongly coupled waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN113065251A CN113065251A CN202110353000.XA CN202110353000A CN113065251A CN 113065251 A CN113065251 A CN 113065251A CN 202110353000 A CN202110353000 A CN 202110353000A CN 113065251 A CN113065251 A CN 113065251A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a strong coupling waveguide propagation amplitude acquisition technology, and aims to solve the problem of low initial calculation accuracy in a simulation process in the strong coupling waveguide propagation amplitude acquisition process. The method for acquiring the propagation amplitude of the strongly coupled waveguide comprises the following steps: measuring a waveguide structure parameter; splitting a summation term of an energy intrinsic equation into two parts, wherein one part is the sum of all naked eigenvalues close to a to-be-solved variable of the energy intrinsic equation, and the other part is the sum of all naked eigenvalues far away from the to-be-solved variable of the energy intrinsic equation; substituting the new summation item into an energy eigen equation to solve, and substituting the obtained solution serving as an iteration initial value into an eigen value and an eigenvector in the energy eigen equation; and obtaining the propagation amplitude of the strong coupling waveguide according to the eigenvalue and the eigenvector. The invention discloses a strong coupling waveguide propagation amplitude acquisition device which comprises a summation item splitting module, an initial value acquisition module, an eigenvalue and eigenvector acquisition module and a propagation amplitude acquisition module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a strong coupling waveguide propagation amplitude acquisition technology, in particular to a semi-analytic simulation method for a superconducting qubit system in a strong coupling waveguide.
Background
The preparation and evolution of superconducting qubits is one of the core problems in the field of quantum information and quantum computing. The superconducting qubit system is arranged in the strong coupling waveguide, so that the interaction strength of the superconducting qubit and photons can be remarkably improved, the operation and the coherence of the superconducting qubit can be maintained, the superconducting qubit system is widely concerned by related researches, and the superconducting qubit system has guiding significance for the simulation of the superconducting qubit system in the strong coupling waveguide and the development of related equipment. The key to this simulation is solving the energy eigenproblems of the system, including calculating the corresponding eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and thus the propagation amplitudes characterizing the evolution of the system.
At present, in the process of simulating the propagation amplitude of the strongly coupled waveguide, the bare eigenvalue (including the bare continuous eigenvalue and the bare discrete eigenvalue, both of which are known) of the system is mostly used as the iteration initial value of the energy eigen equation to numerically solve the energy eigen equation of the system. Because the interval between adjacent bare continuous eigenvalues is extremely small (inversely proportional to the linearity of the system), when the equation to-be-solved variable is positioned near the bare continuous eigenvalue, the energy eigen equation changes violently, so that the first calculation accuracy of the simulation process is low, the iteration initial value needs to be adjusted frequently according to the first calculation result for recalculation, and the calculation efficiency of the propagation amplitude of the strong coupling waveguide is greatly reduced.
Therefore, in view of the above disadvantages, it is desirable to provide a new technique for obtaining the propagation amplitude of the strongly coupled waveguide.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that in the strong coupling waveguide propagation amplitude obtaining process, the first calculation accuracy of the simulation process is low, and provides a method and a device for obtaining the strong coupling waveguide propagation amplitude aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for obtaining propagation amplitude of a strongly coupled waveguide, including:
a measurement step: measuring waveguide linearity L and obtaining omegakAnd ωaValue of (a), ωaAnd ωkRespectively representing a state of dispersion from bare and a momentum ofCorresponding to the bare eigenvalues of the state vector of the bare continuous state,n=±1,±2,…;
and a summation item splitting step: splitting a summation term of an energy intrinsic equation into two parts, wherein one part is the sum of all naked eigenvalues close to a to-be-solved variable of the energy intrinsic equation, and the other part is the sum of all naked eigenvalues far away from the to-be-solved variable of the energy intrinsic equation, so as to obtain a new summation term of the energy intrinsic equation;
an initial value acquisition step: substituting the waveguide linearity L and the new summation item into the energy eigen equation to solve, and taking the obtained solution as an iteration initial value;
and an eigenvalue and eigenvector acquisition step: substituting the iteration initial value into the energy eigen equation to calculate an eigenvalue and an eigenvector of the energy eigen equation;
a propagation amplitude acquisition step: and obtaining the propagation amplitude of the strong coupling waveguide according to the eigenvalue and the eigenvector.
Optionally, the expression of the energy eigen equation is:
wherein Ω represents a variable to be solved, | a, of the energy eigen equation>Andrespectively representing a bare discrete state and a momentum ofThe state vector of the bare continuous state of,n=±1,±2,…,gkthe interaction of superconducting qubits with photons is characterized.
Optionally, the new summation term of the energy eigen equation in the summation term splitting step is:
where P represents the principal value integral.
Optionally, the initial value obtaining step includes:
substituting the waveguide linearity L and the new summation term into the energy eigen equation;
limit omega to omegaq<Ω<ωq+2π/L;
Will be described inAs the sum of the bare eigenvalues omegaqThe corresponding iteration initial value.
Optionally, the eigenvalue and eigenvector obtaining step includes:
substituting the iteration initial value into the energy eigen equation to calculate an eigen value of the energy eigen equation;
and substituting the eigenvalue into the eigenvector equation set to obtain an eigenvector.
Optionally, in the propagation amplitude obtaining step, the propagation amplitude p (t) is calculated by the following formula:
where < a > represents the dual state vector corresponding to | a >.
The invention also provides a strong coupling waveguide propagation amplitude acquisition device, which comprises:
a summation item splitting module configured to split a summation item of an energy eigen equation into two parts, wherein one part is the sum of all the bare eigenvalues close to the to-be-solved variable of the energy eigen equation, and the other part is the sum of all the bare eigenvalues far away from the to-be-solved variable of the energy eigen equation, so as to obtain a new summation item of the energy eigen equation;
an initial value acquisition module configured to substitute the waveguide linearity L and the new summation term into the energy eigen equation for solution, and take the obtained solution as an iteration initial value;
an eigenvalue and eigenvector acquisition module configured to calculate eigenvalues and eigenvectors of an energy eigen equation by substituting the iteration initial value into the energy eigen equation; and
a propagation amplitude acquisition module configured to obtain a propagation amplitude of the strongly coupled waveguide from the eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
Optionally, the expression of the energy eigen equation is:
wherein Ω represents a variable to be solved, | a, of the energy eigen equation>Andrespectively representing a bare discrete state and a momentum ofThe state vector of the bare continuous state of,n=±1,±2,…,ωaand ωkRespectively represent and | a>Andcorresponding bare eigenvalue, gkCharacterizing superconducting quantaBit-to-photon interactions.
Optionally, the new summation term of the energy eigen equation in the summation term splitting module is:
where P represents the principal value integral.
Optionally, the initial value obtaining module includes:
a substitution submodule configured to substitute the waveguide linearity L and the new summation term into the energy eigen equation;
a limit submodule configured to limit omega to omegaq<Ω<ωq+2π/L;
An iteration initial value obtaining submodule configured to obtain a unique solution by a numerical methodAnd combining the aboveAs the sum of the bare eigenvalues omegaqThe corresponding iteration initial value.
The implementation of the method and the device for acquiring the propagation amplitude of the strongly coupled waveguide has the following beneficial effects: and a proper iteration initial value is calculated by using a semi-analytic method, so that for each bare continuous eigenvalue, the corresponding continuous eigenvalue can be obtained by only one iteration calculation, and the simulation efficiency of the propagation amplitude of the strong coupling waveguide is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a strong coupling waveguide propagation amplitude acquisition method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a strong coupling waveguide propagation amplitude obtaining apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial value obtaining module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for obtaining a propagation amplitude of a strongly coupled waveguide, where the method includes the following steps S1 to S5.
Step S1, measurement step:
measuring structural parameters of the strong coupling waveguide, including waveguide linearity L and the like, and acquiring omega according to the structural parameters of the waveguidekAnd ωaThe value of (c).
Step S2, a summation item splitting step:
the root of the difficulty in numerical solution of the energy eigen equation is that the equation contains a summation term for a bare eigenvalue, the embodiment first approximately calculates an analytical expression of the summation term, specifically, the summation term is split into two parts, the first part contains summation for all bare eigenvalues close to a to-be-solved variable of the equation, the second part contains summation for all bare eigenvalues far away from the to-be-solved variable of the equation, then the upper and lower summation limits of the first part are respectively expanded to positive and negative infinity and the infinite number of the summation is performed, the second part is replaced by corresponding principal value integrals, and the sum of the two parts is the analytical expression of the summation term.
Taking the case of superconducting qubits as two-level atoms and no dissipation in the system as an example, the dynamics of the system are represented by HamiltonianDescription, in its general form:
where L is the system (waveguide) linearity, ωaAndrespectively, a bare discrete eigenvalue (characterizing the superconducting qubit excited state energy) and a bare continuous eigenvalue (characterizing the photon energy). | a>(characterizing the excited state of a superconducting qubit) and(characteristic photons) are respectively related to omegaaAnd ωkCorresponding state vector, ωaTaking a real number, ωkIs a real analytic function of k, is a continuous state,<a | andare the corresponding dual state vectors, gkCharacterizing the interaction of superconducting qubits with photons, ωkAnd gkThe dependency on k is given by the actual system.
The energy eigenequation for the system is written as:
where Ω is the variable to be solved for the energy eigenequation. When L is large, the energy eigen equation contains a summation termIn omega-omegaq Near (i.e. omega at omega)qNearby) changes dramatically, making equation solution difficult, so the present invention first approximates the analytical expression for the summation term. Specifically, the summation term is split into two parts: the first part comprises the summation of the naked continuous eigenvalues of all variables to be solved for the approach equation, and the second part comprises the summation of all variables to be solved for the departure equationSumming the bare continuous eigenvalues of the quantities; expanding the upper and lower summation limits of the first part into positive and negative infinity respectively, summing the infinite series, and replacing the second part with corresponding main value integrals; the sum of the two parts is an analytical expression of a summation term, because omegaaDo not correspond to a continuum, and are therefore not considered here. Each bare eigenvalue ωkAnalytical expressions each corresponding to a summation term:
g characterizes the interaction of the superconducting qubit with photons, and the lower subscript q corresponds to a particular value of k.
Step S3, initial value acquisition step:
substituting the analytical expressions of the waveguide linearity L and the summation term into an energy eigen equation to obtain a new energy eigen equation:
limit omega to omegaq<Ω<ωq+2π/LInsofar, the above equations can be uniquely solved by numerical methods (e.g., invoking Mathematica or MATLAB-ready functions) I.e. the sum of the bare eigenvalues omegaqThe corresponding iteration initial value.
Step S4, eigenvalue and eigenvector acquisition step:
to be provided withSubstituting the initial value of iteration into energy eigen equation to carry out numerical solution (such as calling Mathemica or MATLAB ready-made function) to obtain the value of ωqCorresponding continuous eigenvalue omegaq. Due to intrinsic energy equation inThe change of the neighborhood is gentle, and omega can be obtained through one-time calculationq. For each oneRepeating the above process to obtain all continuous eigenvalues.
Ω<min{ωkDirectly solving an energy eigen equation by using the region numerical value of the equation to obtain a discrete eigen value omegaa。
For each eigenvalue Ω, the corresponding eigenvector | Ω > is given by:
step S5, propagation amplitude acquisition step: obtaining the propagation amplitude P (t) of the strongly coupled waveguide from the eigenvalues and eigenvectors:
as shown in fig. 2, this embodiment further provides an apparatus for obtaining a propagation amplitude of a strongly coupled waveguide, where the apparatus includes:
a summation item splitting module 1 configured to split a summation item of an energy eigen equation into two parts, one part being a sum of all bare eigenvalues close to a to-be-solved variable of the energy eigen equation, and the other part being a sum of all bare eigenvalues far away from the to-be-solved variable of the energy eigen equation, so as to obtain a new summation item of the energy eigen equation;
an initial value obtaining module 2 configured to substitute the waveguide linearity L and the new summation term into the energy eigen equation to solve, and use the obtained solution as an iteration initial value;
an eigenvalue and eigenvector acquisition module 3 configured to calculate eigenvalues and eigenvectors of an energy eigen equation by substituting the iteration initial value into the energy eigen equation; and
a propagation amplitude obtaining module 4 configured to obtain a propagation amplitude of the strongly coupled waveguide from the eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the expression of the energy eigen equation is:
wherein Ω represents a variable to be solved, | a, of the energy eigen equation>Andrespectively representing a bare discrete state and a momentum ofThe state vector of the bare continuous state of,n=±1,±2,…,ωaand ωkRespectively represent and | a>Andcorresponding bare eigenvalue, gkRepresenting the interaction of the bare discrete state with the bare continuous state.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the new summation term of the energy eigen equation in the summation term splitting module 1 is:
where P represents the principal value integral.
As shown in fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the initial value obtaining module 2 includes:
a substitution submodule 21 configured to substitute the waveguide linearity L and the new summation term into the energy eigen equation;
a limit submodule 22 configured to limit omega to omegaq<Ω<ωq+2π/L(ii) a And
an iteration initial value obtaining submodule 23 configured to obtain a unique solution by a numerical methodAnd combining the aboveAs the sum of the bare eigenvalues omegaqThe corresponding iteration initial value.
The strong-coupling waveguide propagation amplitude obtaining apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application can implement steps S2 to S5 of the strong-coupling waveguide propagation amplitude obtaining method according to the embodiment of the present application, and the principle and effect thereof are not described herein again.
In summary, the method and the device for obtaining the propagation amplitude of the strongly coupled waveguide improve the semi-analytic simulation process of the superconducting qubit system in the strongly coupled waveguide, and solve the problem that the prior method has low calculation efficiency because the iteration initial value of the energy eigen equation needs to be frequently adjusted, the semi-analytic method is used for calculating the proper iteration initial value, so that for each bare continuous eigenvalue, the corresponding continuous eigenvalue can be obtained only by one-time iteration calculation, and the simulation efficiency of the propagation amplitude of the strongly coupled waveguide is greatly improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for obtaining propagation amplitude of a strongly coupled waveguide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a measurement step: measuring waveguide linearity L and obtaining omegakAnd ωaValue of (a), ωaAnd ωkRespectively representing a state of dispersion from bare and a momentum ofCorresponding to the bare eigenvalues of the state vector of the bare continuous state,
and a summation item splitting step: splitting a summation term of an energy intrinsic equation into two parts, wherein one part is the sum of all naked eigenvalues close to a to-be-solved variable of the energy intrinsic equation, and the other part is the sum of all naked eigenvalues far away from the to-be-solved variable of the energy intrinsic equation, so as to obtain a new summation term of the energy intrinsic equation;
an initial value acquisition step: substituting the waveguide linearity L and the new summation item into the energy eigen equation to solve, and taking the obtained solution as an iteration initial value;
and an eigenvalue and eigenvector acquisition step: substituting the iteration initial value into the energy eigen equation to calculate an eigenvalue and an eigenvector of the energy eigen equation;
a propagation amplitude acquisition step: and obtaining the propagation amplitude of the strong coupling waveguide according to the eigenvalue and the eigenvector.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the energy eigenequation is expressed as:
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the initial value obtaining step comprises:
substituting the waveguide linearity L and the new summation term into the energy eigen equation;
limit omega to omegaq<Ω<ωq+2π/L;
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the eigenvalue and eigenvector acquisition step comprises:
substituting the iteration initial value into the energy eigen equation to calculate an eigen value of the energy eigen equation;
and substituting the eigenvalue into the eigenvector equation set to obtain an eigenvector.
7. A strongly coupled waveguide propagation amplitude acquisition apparatus, comprising:
a summation item splitting module configured to split a summation item of an energy eigen equation into two parts, wherein one part is the sum of all the bare eigenvalues close to the to-be-solved variable of the energy eigen equation, and the other part is the sum of all the bare eigenvalues far away from the to-be-solved variable of the energy eigen equation, so as to obtain a new summation item of the energy eigen equation;
an initial value acquisition module configured to substitute the waveguide linearity L and the new summation term into the energy eigen equation for solution, and take the obtained solution as an iteration initial value;
an eigenvalue and eigenvector acquisition module configured to calculate eigenvalues and eigenvectors of an energy eigen equation by substituting the iteration initial value into the energy eigen equation; and
a propagation amplitude acquisition module configured to obtain a propagation amplitude of the strongly coupled waveguide from the eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the energy eigenequation is expressed as:
wherein Ω represents a variable to be solved, | a, of the energy eigen equation>Andrespectively representing a bare discrete state and a momentum ofThe state vector of the bare continuous state of, ωaand ωkRespectively represent and | a>Andcorresponding bare eigenvalue, gkThe interaction of superconducting qubits with photons is characterized.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the initial value obtaining module comprises:
a substitution submodule configured to substitute the waveguide linearity L and the new summation term into the energy eigen equation;
a limit submodule configured to limit omega to omegaq<Ω<ωq+2π/L;
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