CN113063663B

CN113063663B - Tensile test mechanics experimental facilities

Info

Publication number: CN113063663B
Application number: CN202110311907.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何晓晨; 朱建国; 邵静怡; 杨栋; 朱奇
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2021-03-24
Filing date: 2021-03-24
Publication date: 2023-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-24
Also published as: CN113063663A

Abstract

The invention discloses tensile test mechanical experiment equipment which comprises a fixed base, wherein auxiliary rods which are correspondingly arranged are arranged on two sides of the top of the fixed base, fixed rods are arranged between the top of the fixed base and the auxiliary rods, a movable frame is connected between the tops of the fixed rods, an electric pressure rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame, a clamping device is arranged at the bottom of the electric pressure rod, a fixed table is arranged at the top of the fixed base and corresponds to the clamping device, and the fixed table is positioned between the fixed rods.

Description

Tensile test mechanics experimental equipment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tensile testing machines, and particularly relates to tensile testing mechanical experimental equipment.

Background

Tensile test refers to a test method for measuring the properties of a material under an axial tensile load. The data obtained from the tensile test can be used to determine the elastic limit, elongation, elastic modulus, proportional limit, area reduction, tensile strength, yield point, yield strength and other tensile property indexes of the material. The tensile test can determine a series of strength indexes and plasticity indexes of the material. Strength generally refers to the ability of a material to resist elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and fracture under an external force. When a material is subjected to a tensile load, the phenomenon in which the load does not increase but significant plastic deformation continues is called yielding. The stress at yield, known as the yield point or physical yield strength, is expressed in σ S (pascal). There are many materials in engineering that do not have a significant yield point, and the yield strength is usually the stress value at which the material undergoes a residual plastic deformation of 0.2%, referred to as the yield limit or yield strength, and expressed as σ 0.2. The maximum stress value reached by the material before fracture, called the tensile strength or strength limit, expressed as σ b (Pa)

But most of current tensile testing machine are too bulky, and very loaded down with trivial details when using, and current tensile testing machine needs to carry out corresponding part to the tensile object of difference and changes moreover, and simultaneously, the stress point of some tensile article needs comparatively evenly, otherwise just makes article damage easily when can't measuring tensile strength. Therefore, the structure of the tensile testing machine needs to be improved, and meanwhile, a tensile testing mechanical experiment device is provided, so that the problems are better solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: in order to solve the problems, a tensile test mechanical experiment device is provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a tensile test mechanical experiment device comprises a fixed base, auxiliary rods which are correspondingly arranged are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top of the fixed base, a fixed rod is fixedly arranged between the top of the fixed base and the auxiliary rods, a moving frame is connected between the tops of the fixed rods, a positive and negative motor is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed rod, an electric pressure rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving frame, a clamping device is arranged at the bottom of the electric pressure rod, the inner part of the fixed rod is a cavity, a first threaded rod penetrates through the top of the fixed rod in a movable mode, the top of the first threaded rod is fixedly connected with the positive and negative motor, the bottom of the first threaded rod is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed rod through a bearing, a moving block is connected to the first threaded rod in a threaded mode, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the moving block, and a moving groove is formed in the opposite surface of the fixed rod, the connecting block is positioned in the moving groove, the two ends of the moving frame are fixedly connected with the connecting block, the fixed rod is movably sleeved with the lifting block, one surface, close to the clamping device, of the lifting block is fixedly provided with an electric telescopic rod, the opposite surface of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with an extrusion plate, the extrusion plate is positioned on the outer side of the clamping device, a fixing part is arranged at the top of the fixed base relative to the position of the clamping device and is positioned between the fixed rods, a threaded column is connected between the auxiliary rod and the top of the fixed rod, one end of the threaded column is connected with the fixed rod, the right end of the threaded column is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fixed rod through a bearing, the threaded column is meshed with the first threaded rod, the left end of the threaded column movably penetrates through the left wall of the fixed rod and the right wall of the auxiliary rod, and one end extending into the auxiliary rod is fixedly connected with a first gear, bearing fixed mounting has the second threaded rod at both ends about the inner wall of auxiliary rod, and the top fixed mounting of second threaded rod has the second gear, first gear meshes with the second gear mutually, threaded connection has the driven piece on the second threaded rod, and the driven piece passes through connecting piece fixedly connected with elevator, the shifting chute has been seted up to the one side that the auxiliary rod is close to the dead lever, and the driven piece is located the shifting chute.

In a preferred embodiment, the clamping device is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic rod, a connecting plate and a clamping plate, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electric pressure rod, and the connecting plate which is correspondingly arranged is fixedly connected to the upper end and the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder.

In a preferred embodiment, the left end and the right end of the hydraulic cylinder are fixedly connected with correspondingly arranged hydraulic rods, one end of each hydraulic rod, far away from the hydraulic cylinder, is fixedly connected with a clamping plate, and the hydraulic rods are located between the two connecting plates.

In a preferred embodiment, the electric pressure lever is provided with a buffer spring, the top of the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the electric pressure lever, and the bottom of the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder.

In a preferred embodiment, the fixed part comprises a fixed platform, a fixed plate, a third threaded rod, a rotating rod and a motor, the fixed platform is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the fixed base, and the fixed platform is located between the fixed rods.

In a preferred embodiment, a transverse T-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the fixing table, and fixing plates arranged correspondingly are slidably mounted on two sides of the T-shaped groove.

In a preferred embodiment, two third threaded rods which are correspondingly arranged are movably penetrated through the fixed plate, the left end of each third threaded rod is fixedly connected with the fixed plate through a bearing, and the right end of each third threaded rod movably penetrates through the right wall of the fixed plate.

In a preferred embodiment, bearing fixedly connected with dwang is passed through in the middle part of the right wall of fixed station, and the dwang sets up and lies in between two third threaded rods with the third threaded rod is corresponding, the right-hand member fixed mounting of dwang and third threaded rod has the pulley, and surrounds on the pulley and be provided with driving belt, the right-hand member fixedly connected with motor of dwang.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the positive and negative motors drive the first threaded rod to rotate so as to drive the threaded column to rotate, so that the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod are kept to synchronously rotate, the movable frame and the electric telescopic rod can synchronously move, the uniform stress of a clamped stretched article is accurately ensured, the data precision of a stretching experiment is further improved, and meanwhile, due to the double stretching of the movable frame and the electric compression rod, the stretching force is strengthened on the side surface, so that the limit experiment on the article is more facilitated.

2. According to the invention, the clamping device can be used for carrying out common clamping on an article, when the article is a tubular article, the clamping plate can be extruded on the inner wall by using the hydraulic rod from the inside of the tubular article, then the electric telescopic rod is started, and the outer wall of the tubular article is fixed by the extrusion plate, so that the stress points are dispersed, and a higher stabilizing effect is achieved in a stretching experiment.

3. According to the invention, the fixing plate on the fixing table fixes the articles by using the T-shaped groove, the third threaded rod can be rotated only by starting the motor, so that the fixing plate is driven to move to clamp the articles, the fixing plate can be taken down at any time according to different stretched articles for replacement, and the clamping can be completed without too many tools, so that the clamping is very convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an auxiliary rod and a fixing rod according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the stationary platen of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the stationary platen of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the clamping device of the present invention.

The mark in the figure is: 1-fixed base, 2-auxiliary rod, 3-fixed rod, 4-moving frame, 5-positive and negative motor, 6-electric pressure rod, 7-clamping device, 8-first threaded rod, 9-moving block, 10-connecting block, 11-lifting block, 12-electric telescopic rod, 13-extruding plate, 14-fixing piece, 15-threaded column, 16-hydraulic cylinder, 17-hydraulic rod, 18-connecting plate, 19-clamping plate, 20-fixing table, 21-fixing plate, 22-third threaded rod, 23-rotating rod, 24-motor, 25-first gear, 26-second threaded rod and 27-second gear.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a tensile test mechanical experiment device, comprising a fixed base 1, auxiliary rods 2 are fixedly installed at two sides of the top of the fixed base 1, and a fixed rod 3 is fixedly installed between the top of the fixed base 1 and the auxiliary rods 2, a movable frame 4 is connected between the tops of the fixed rods 3, and the top of the fixed rod 3 is fixedly connected with a positive and negative motor 5, the positive and negative motor 5 drives a first threaded rod 8 to rotate, and further drives a threaded post 15 to rotate, so that the first threaded rod and a second threaded rod 8 are synchronously rotated, and the movable frame 4 and an electric telescopic rod 12 can also synchronously move, so as to accurately ensure that the stress of a clamped tensile object is uniform, further improve the data precision of a tensile test, meanwhile, because the double tensile force of the movable frame 4 and the electric compression rod 6 is enhanced on the side, the tensile force is more beneficial to the experiment of the limit of the object, the bottom of the movable frame 4 is fixedly connected with the electric compression rod 6, and the bottom of the electric compression rod 6 is installed with a clamping device 7, the clamping device 7 is composed of a hydraulic cylinder 16, a hydraulic rod 17, a connecting plate 19, a buffer spring 16 is connected between the fixed compression rod 16 and a spring 16 is connected with a buffer spring 16, and a buffer spring 16 is connected with a buffer device which is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 16, and is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 17, and a buffer spring 16 which is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 17, and is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 17, and the top is movably penetrated with a first threaded rod 8, the top of the first threaded rod 8 is fixedly connected with a positive and negative motor 5, and the bottom of the first threaded rod 8 is fixedly connected with the bottom of a fixed rod 3 through a bearing, a moving block 9 is in threaded connection with the first threaded rod 8, and the inner side of the moving block 9 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 10, the opposite surface of the fixed rod 3 is provided with a moving groove, and the connecting block 10 is positioned inside the moving groove, the two ends of a moving frame 4 are fixedly connected with the connecting block 10, a lifting block 11 is movably sleeved on the fixed rod 3, and one surface of the lifting block 11 close to a clamping device 7 is fixedly provided with an electric telescopic rod 12, the opposite surface of the electric telescopic rod 12 is fixedly connected with a squeezing plate 13, and the squeezing plate 13 is positioned outside the clamping device 7, a fixing member 14 is installed at the top of a fixed base 1 corresponding to the clamping device 7, and the fixing member 14 is positioned between the fixed rods 3, the fixed base 14 is composed of a fixed table 20, a fixed table 21, a third threaded rod 22, a rotating rod 23 and a motor 24, the fixed table 20 is installed at the middle part of the fixed table 20, and the fixed table 21 can be conveniently used for replacing a third threaded rod 21, and the fixed plate 21 is installed at two movable grooves of a fixed plate 21, and the fixed plate 21 is capable of replacing a fixed plate 21 corresponding to a left article, and the fixed plate 21 is conveniently operated by a sliding groove, the right end activity runs through the right wall of fixed plate 21, bearing fixedly connected with dwang 23 is passed through at the right wall middle part of fixed station 20, and dwang 23 and the corresponding setting of third threaded rod 22 are located between two third threaded rod 22, dwang 23 and the right-hand member fixed mounting of third threaded rod 22 have the pulley, and the winding is provided with driving belt on the pulley, the right-hand member fixedly connected with motor 24 of dwang 23, be connected with threaded post 15 between the top of auxiliary rod 2 and dead lever 3, threaded post 15's right-hand member passes through the bearing and the inner wall fixed connection of dead lever 3, and threaded post 15 meshes with first threaded rod 8 mutually, the left end activity of threaded post 15 runs through the left wall of dead lever 3 and the right wall of auxiliary rod 2, and extend to the inside one end fixedly connected with first gear 25 of auxiliary rod 2, the upper and lower both ends of the inner wall of auxiliary rod 2 have second gear 26 through bearing fixed mounting, and the top fixed mounting of second gear 27 of second threaded post 26, first gear 25 meshes with second gear 27, be connected with the threaded rod 26 is connected with the thread piece on the second threaded rod 26, and the thread piece is connected with lift threaded rod piece through connecting piece fixed threaded rod 11, the auxiliary rod 2 is offered and is close to the follower block of dead lever 3, and is located in the removal groove.

The working principle is as follows: in this application, put on fixed station 20 with the article that need stretch, convenient starter motor 24, and then drive dwang 23 and rotate, the pulley just can then rotate this moment, and then drives third threaded rod 22 and rotate under drive belt's effect to make fixed plate 21 fix the centre gripping to article on the T type groove of fixed station 20.

In this application, when the article bottom is fixed, start positive and negative motor 5 and control 8 rotations of first threaded rod, and then make the movable block 9 drive connecting block 10 and descend, the movable rack 4 then descends this moment, nimble application hydraulic stem 17 of shape according to tensile article is fixed to it, and simultaneously, because 8 rotations of first threaded rod, and then drive threaded column 15 and rotate, make first gear 25 drive second gear 26 and rotate, second gear 27 drives second threaded rod 26 and rotates, and then control elevator 11 descends, it is fixed once more to the outer wall of article this moment through stripper plate 13 on electric telescopic handle 12, thereby the dispersion stress point, after whole fixed, it can to start electric compression bar 6 or positive and negative motor 5 and carry out tensile experiment.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tensile test mechanics experimental facilities, includes unable adjustment base (1), its characterized in that: auxiliary rods (2) which are correspondingly arranged are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top of the fixed base (1), a fixed rod (3) is fixedly arranged between the top of the fixed base (1) and the auxiliary rods (2), a movable frame (4) is connected between the tops of the fixed rods (3), a positive and negative motor (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed rod (3), an electric pressure rod (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame (4), a clamping device (7) is arranged at the bottom of the electric pressure rod (6), a cavity is arranged inside the fixed rod (3), a first threaded rod (8) penetrates through the top of the fixed rod (3) in a movable mode, the top of the first threaded rod (8) is fixedly connected with the positive and negative motor (5), the bottom of the first threaded rod (8) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed rod (3) through a bearing, a movable block (9) is connected to the first threaded rod (8), a connecting block (10) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable block (9), a movable groove is formed in the opposite surface of the fixed rod (3), the connecting block (10) is located inside the movable groove, two ends of the movable frame (4) are connected with the fixed rod (10), a lifting block (11) and a lifting block (11) is arranged near the fixed rod (7), the opposite surface of the electric telescopic rod (12) is fixedly connected with an extrusion plate (13), the extrusion plate (13) is positioned at the outer side of the clamping device (7), a fixing piece (14) is arranged at the top of the fixed base (1) corresponding to the position of the clamping device (7), the fixing piece (14) is positioned between the fixed rods (3), a threaded column (15) is connected between the auxiliary rod (2) and the top of the fixed rod (3), the right end of the threaded column (15) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fixed rod (3) through a bearing, the threaded column (15) is meshed with the first threaded rod (8), the left end of the threaded column (15) movably penetrates through the left wall of the fixed rod (3) and the right wall of the auxiliary rod (2), and one end extending to the inside of the auxiliary rod (2) is fixedly connected with a first gear (25), the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the auxiliary rod (2) are fixedly provided with a second threaded rod (26) through a bearing, a second gear (27) is fixedly arranged above the second threaded rod (26), the first gear (25) is meshed with a second gear (27), a driven block is connected to the second threaded rod (26) in a threaded manner, and the driven block is fixedly connected with a lifting block (11) through a connecting piece, a moving groove is formed in one surface, close to the fixed rod (3), of the auxiliary rod (2), and the driven block is located in the moving groove.

2. A tensile testing mechanical experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: clamping device (7) comprise pneumatic cylinder (16), hydraulic stem (17), connecting plate (18) and grip block (19), the bottom fixedly connected with pneumatic cylinder (16) of electronic depression bar (6), and the corresponding connecting plate (18) that sets up of upper and lower both ends fixedly connected with of pneumatic cylinder (16).

3. A tensile testing mechanical experimental apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: both ends fixedly connected with hydraulic stem (17) corresponding setting about pneumatic cylinder (16), and hydraulic stem (17) keep away from one end fixedly connected with grip block (19) of pneumatic cylinder (16), hydraulic stem (17) are located between two connecting plates (18).

4. A tensile testing mechanical experimental apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: and the electric pressure lever (6) is provided with a buffer spring, the top of the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the electric pressure lever (6), and the bottom of the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder (16).

5. A tensile testing mechanical experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: mounting (14) comprise fixed station (20), fixed plate (21), third threaded rod (22), dwang (23) and motor (24), the bottom fixed mounting of unable adjustment base (1) has fixed station (20), and fixed station (20) are located between dead lever (3).

6. The tensile testing mechanical experimental facility of claim 5, wherein: a transverse T-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the fixing table (20), and fixing plates (21) which are correspondingly arranged are slidably mounted on two sides of the T-shaped groove.

7. A tensile testing mechanical experimental facility according to claim 6, wherein: the fixed plate (21) is movably provided with two third threaded rods (22) which are correspondingly arranged in a penetrating manner, the left ends of the third threaded rods (22) are fixedly connected with the fixed plate (21) through bearings, and the right ends of the third threaded rods movably penetrate through the right wall of the fixed plate (21).

8. A tensile testing mechanical experimental facility according to claim 7, wherein: bearing fixedly connected with dwang (23) is passed through at the right wall middle part of fixed station (20), and dwang (23) and third threaded rod (22) corresponding setting and lie in between two third threaded rod (22), the right-hand member fixed mounting of dwang (23) and third threaded rod (22) has the pulley, and surrounds on the pulley and is provided with driving belt, the right-hand member fixedly connected with motor (24) of dwang (23).