CN113063389A - Material wearing and tearing surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc polisher - Google Patents
Material wearing and tearing surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc polisher Download PDFInfo
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- CN113063389A CN113063389A CN202110279881.5A CN202110279881A CN113063389A CN 113063389 A CN113063389 A CN 113063389A CN 202110279881 A CN202110279881 A CN 202110279881A CN 113063389 A CN113063389 A CN 113063389A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/30—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
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- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a material wear surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc polisher, which comprises a driving group, a braking group, a polishing platform, a Z-direction moving group, an X-direction moving group, a clamp group, an electric control group and a shell group, wherein the driving group drives the polishing platform to rotate along with a main shaft, the Z-direction moving group and the X-direction moving group drive the clamp group clamping a test piece, and the test piece moves relative to the polishing platform in the Z direction and the X direction. Whole flow of polishing does not need manual operation, causes the injury to the experimenter hand when preventing the test piece to polish.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of experimental equipment, in particular to a disc grinding machine for a test piece for a material wear surface topography analysis experiment.
Background
With the development of science and technology, research and study of material properties are also deepened, and new materials become a hotspot for research and development of scientific research institutions and colleges, wherein a key point of research of the new material properties is material surface performance analysis, a common way of material surface performance analysis is to perform morphology analysis on a material wear surface, the morphology analysis on the material wear surface is an important means for researching the tribological properties of different materials and researching the surface properties of the materials, and the first step of performing the material wear surface morphology analysis experiment is to polish and polish a test piece.
At present, grinding of a test piece before a material abrasion surface morphology analysis experiment is carried out manually, an experimenter prepares abrasive paper with different meshes, holds the test piece by hand to carry out repeated friction on the abrasive paper, judges the grinding degree through experience and then replaces the abrasive paper with larger meshes to carry out repeated grinding, and because the whole test piece grinding process is manual operation, the experimenter can not necessarily ensure that the surface of the test piece is parallel to the surface of the abrasive paper to cause uneven grinding when grinding the test piece; the sand paper with the lower mesh number of the test piece is pressed with smaller strength, and hand-held grinding cannot keep the pressing strength on the test piece, so that the grinding is uneven; the test piece path of polishing should include as many directions as possible to the distance of polishing in every orientation should equal as far as possible, this is also that handheld polishing can not be guaranteed, and on the other hand long-time repeated polishing also causes the injury to experimenter's hand easily, and the not enough of test piece mode of polishing before the analysis experiment to material wear surface topography exists can be summarized as following four points to present:
(1) when a test piece is polished, the test piece cannot be guaranteed to be clamped correctly, so that the surface of the test piece is not parallel to the surface of the abrasive paper;
(2) when a test piece is polished, the pressing strength of the test piece with the proper current polishing mesh can not be ensured, so that the test piece is polished unevenly;
(3) when a test piece is polished, the polishing paths of the test piece cannot be guaranteed to be uniformly distributed in all directions, so that the test piece is polished unevenly;
(4) adopt handheld operation to cause the injury to the laboratory technician hand easily when the test piece is polished.
The precision and the effect of the material wearing surface appearance analysis experiment are directly influenced by the polishing effect of the test piece, and aiming at the problems, it becomes necessary to design a machine which can correctly clamp the test piece, can adjust the pressing intensity, can uniformly distribute the polishing path and can automatically polish.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test piece disc grinding machine for a material wear surface topography analysis experiment, which solves the problems in the prior art, can correctly clamp a test piece, can adjust the pressing degree, is uniformly distributed in grinding paths and can automatically grind the test piece.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a material wear surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc polisher which comprises a driving group, a braking group, a polishing platform, a Z-direction moving group, an X-direction moving group, a clamp group, an electric control group and a shell group, wherein the driving group is connected with the braking group;
the grinding platform is supported on the top of the base of the shell group through a main shaft, the driving group comprises a main motor, a transmission gear and the main shaft, the main motor drives the main shaft to rotate through the transmission gear so as to drive the grinding platform to rotate, the top of the grinding platform is provided with abrasive paper girdle belts with different mesh numbers, and the grinding platform grinds a test piece through rotation;
the brake set is connected with the main shaft, and the brake set brakes the grinding platform when the grinding machine stops by stopping the rotation of the main shaft;
the Z-direction moving group drives the test piece to move up and down through motor driving and screw transmission, and applies polishing positive pressure to the test piece;
the X-direction moving group drives the test piece to move left and right through motor driving and synchronous belt transmission, so that the test piece is polished by abrasive paper with different meshes;
the clamp group is fixed on the X-direction moving group and used for clamping the test piece to enable the test piece to move along with the X-direction moving group, a film pressure sensor is arranged between the clamp group and an X-direction moving platform of the X-direction moving group and used for collecting positive pressure when the test piece is polished;
and the electric control unit is used for receiving a touch screen instruction and a film pressure sensor signal and controlling the start, stop and rotating speed of all motors of the grinding machine.
Preferably, the shell group include the cylinder casing with the base, the base is used for supporting drive group, braking group, the platform of polishing, Z are to removing group, X to removing group and automatically controlled group, the cylinder casing set up in the top of base, drive group, braking group and automatically controlled group set up in the cylinder casing, the top of cylinder casing is provided with the circular slot, the platform of polishing install in the circular slot.
Preferably, drive gear of drive group includes primary gear and secondary gear, the drive group still includes thrust ball bearing and bearing frame, the primary gear with main motor passes through the key-type connection cooperation, the secondary gear with the meshing of primary gear, the secondary gear with the main shaft passes through the key-type connection cooperation, the main shaft with thrust ball bearing interference fit, thrust ball bearing with bearing frame interference fit, main motor, bearing frame all set up in the top of base.
Preferably, the main shaft sequentially comprises a first section, a second section, a shaft shoulder, a third section and a fourth section from top to bottom, the first section is matched with a polishing disc of the polishing platform through key connection, the second section is matched with the secondary gear through key connection, the shaft shoulder limits the secondary gear, the third section is matched with a brake shoe of the brake set through threaded connection, and the fourth section is in interference fit with the thrust ball bearing.
Preferably, the brake assembly comprises a brake shoe, a push rod, a slide way, a connecting rod, a crank turntable and a brake motor, the brake shoe is in threaded connection with the third section of the spindle, the brake shoe is in threaded connection with one end of the push rod, the middle part of the push rod is in sliding fit with the slide way, the other end of the push rod is hinged with one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the crank turntable, the crank turntable is in key connection with a rotating shaft of the brake motor, the brake assembly is a crank slider mechanism, the crank turntable is driven to rotate by the brake motor, the connecting rod is driven to swing by the crank turntable, the push rod is driven to translate along the slide way, the push rod translates to enable the brake shoe to be in contact with and separated from the brake shoe, and when the brake shoe is in contact with and compressed by, when the brake shoe is separated from the brake shoe, the friction braking force is not generated any more to block the rotation of the main shaft.
Preferably, the grinding platform comprises a grinding sheet, a grinding disc and a retaining clip; the polishing disc is a replaceable consumable, is formed by sequentially arranging and combining different-mesh abrasive papers in concentric rings, and gradually decreases from a peripheral ring to a circle center; the front surface of the polishing disc is a round platform and is used for placing the polishing disc, the back surface of the polishing disc is provided with a key groove hole shaft with a key groove hole, the key groove hole shaft is used for being matched with the first section of the main shaft, the key groove hole shaft is in interference fit with a thrust bearing, and the key groove hole shaft indirectly contacts the bottom of a round groove of a cylindrical shell of the shell group through the thrust bearing; the fixing clamp is in threaded connection with the back face of the polishing disc, the polishing disc can be placed into the fixing clamp after the fixing clamp is broken, the fixing clamp is clamped tightly through elastic force of the fixing clamp, and the polishing disc is fixed on the polishing disc.
Preferably, the Z-direction moving group comprises a Z-direction motor, a Z-direction screw, a Z-direction guide rod cap, Z-direction sliders, a Z-direction left platform and a Z-direction right platform, the Z-direction motor is arranged on a base of the housing group, the Z-direction motor drives the Z-direction screw which is vertically arranged to rotate, the Z-direction guide rods are four in number and are distributed at four corners of the base of the housing group, the Z-direction sliders are slidably connected with the Z-direction guide rod, the Z-direction left platform is connected between the two Z-direction sliders on the left side, the Z-direction right platform is connected between the two Z-direction sliders on the right side, the Z-direction left platform is in threaded fit with the Z-direction screw through a central threaded hole, the Z-direction screw is driven to rotate through the Z-;
the X-direction moving group comprises an X-direction motor, an action wheel, a synchronous belt, a driven wheel, a wheel carrier, an X-direction guide rod, an X-direction slider and an X-direction platform, the X-direction motor is arranged on the Z-direction platform, the X-direction motor is connected with the action wheel in a key mode, the driven wheel is arranged on the wheel carrier, the wheel carrier is arranged on the Z-direction platform, the synchronous belt is connected between the action wheel and the driven wheel, the X-direction slider at the front side is opposite to the two Z-direction sliders and the X-direction slider at the rear side is opposite to the two Z-direction sliders respectively through the X-direction guide rod, the two X-direction guide rods are respectively connected with the X-direction slider in a sliding mode, the X-direction platform is connected between the two X-direction sliders, the synchronous belt is connected with the X-direction platform, the action wheel is, and then the synchronous belt drives the X-direction platform to move left and right.
Preferably, the fixture set comprises a fixture seat, a clamping block, a clamping screw and a tightening knob, the back of the fixture seat is connected with the X-direction platform, the clamping block is in sliding fit with the fixture seat, the clamping screw is in threaded fit with a threaded hole at one end of the fixture seat, the clamping screw is in contact fit with the back of the clamping block, the tightening knob is a section of screw, the tightening knob is in threaded fit with a threaded through hole above the threaded hole of the fixture seat, the clamping block is in threaded fit with a test piece clamped at the other end of the fixture seat, the clamping screw is rotated to push the clamping block to move along the fixture seat to clamp the test piece in a translation manner, and after the test piece is clamped, the tightening knob is rotated to compress the clamping screw to prevent the clamping screw from loosening during polishing of the test piece.
Preferably, the electric control unit comprises an integrated control panel, a touch screen and a film pressure sensor, the integrated control panel integrates a single chip microcomputer, a motor drive, a touch chip and an electric element, the touch screen is installed on the side face of the cylindrical shell of the shell unit, the film pressure sensor is pasted in a matching gap between the clamp seat and the X-direction platform, the film pressure sensor collects positive pressure when a test piece is polished, the integrated control panel controls starting and stopping and rotating speeds of the main motor, the brake motor, the Z-direction motor and the X-direction motor, receives feedback signals of the film pressure sensor and the touch screen, and a user can perform instruction presetting and real-time control on the polishing machine through the touch screen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the test piece disc polisher for the material wear surface morphology analysis experiment, a test piece is clamped by the clamp during polishing, so that the test piece can be guaranteed to be kept in a correct clamping posture in the polishing process, and the surface of the test piece is parallel to the surface of abrasive paper.
2. According to the test piece disc polisher for the material abrasion surface topography analysis experiment, the polishing speed and the pressing strength of a test piece can be controlled when the test piece is polished on different mesh numbers of abrasive paper, the test piece is prevented from being scratched, and the test piece is uniformly polished.
3. According to the test piece disc polisher for the material abrasion surface morphology analysis experiment, provided by the invention, when a test piece is polished, polishing paths can be ensured to be uniformly distributed to cover all directions, so that the test piece is uniformly polished.
4. According to the material abrasion surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc polisher, a polishing process is automatically completed by the polisher through a preset instruction, and after a test piece is manually clamped on a clamp, the whole polishing process does not need manual operation, so that hands of a experimenter are prevented from being damaged when the test piece is polished.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a disc sander of a material wear surface topography analysis experiment test piece in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a forward structure of a disc sander of a material wear surface topography analysis experiment test piece in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bearing seat according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a thrust ball bearing according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a brake pack according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake motor with a crank turntable in the brake set of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a brake shoe of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the brake shoe of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a push rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the slide of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the polishing platform of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the polishing disc of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the Z-direction moving group in the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the Z-direction slider in the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the structure of the Z-direction platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the Z right stage of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-direction moving group according to the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the structure of the X-direction motor of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the driven wheel of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the structure of the X-direction slider in the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the structure of the X-direction platform of the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the structure of a timing belt in the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a clamp set according to the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical control unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 27 is a schematic structural view of a thin film pressure sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a touch screen according to the present invention;
FIG. 29 is a schematic view of the construction of the housing set of the present invention;
FIG. 30 is a schematic view of a theoretical lapping path provided by the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a driving group, 11-a main motor, 12-a primary gear, 13-a secondary gear, 14-a main shaft, 15-a thrust ball bearing and 16-a bearing seat;
2-brake group, 21-brake shoe, 22-brake shoe, 23-push rod, 24-slideway, 25-connecting rod, 26-crank turntable and 27-brake motor;
3-grinding platform, 31-grinding plate, 32-grinding plate and 33-fixing clamp;
a 4-Z direction moving group, a 41-Z direction motor, a 42-Z direction screw rod, a 43-Z direction guide rod, a 44-Z direction guide rod cap, a 45-Z direction sliding block, a 46-Z left platform and a 47-Z right platform;
a 5-X direction moving group, a 51-X direction motor, a 52-driving wheel, a 53-synchronous belt, a 54-driven wheel, a 55-wheel frame, a 56-X direction guide rod, a 57-X direction sliding block and a 58-X direction platform;
6-clamp group, 61-clamp seat, 62-clamp block, 63-clamping screw and 64-fastening knob;
7-an electric control unit, 71-an integrated control panel, 72-a touch screen and 73-a film pressure sensor;
8-case group, 81-cylindrical case, 82-base.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a material wear surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc polisher to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The material wear surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc polisher in the embodiment comprises a driving group 1, a braking group 2, a polishing platform 3, a Z-direction moving group 4, an X-direction moving group 5, a clamp group 6, an electric control group 7 and a shell group 8, as shown in fig. 1-2;
the grinding platform 3 is supported on the top of the base 82 of the shell group 8 through a main shaft 14, the driving group 1 comprises a main motor 11, a transmission gear and the main shaft 14, the main motor 11 drives the main shaft 14 to rotate through the transmission gear so as to drive the grinding platform 3 to rotate, abrasive paper girdle belts with different mesh numbers are arranged on the top of the grinding platform 3, and the grinding platform 3 grinds a test piece through rotation;
the braking group 2 is connected with the main shaft 14, and the braking group 2 brakes the polishing platform 3 when the polishing machine stops by stopping the rotation of the main shaft 14;
the Z-direction moving group 4 drives the test piece to move up and down through motor driving and screw transmission, and applies polishing positive pressure to the test piece;
the X-direction moving group 5 drives the test piece to move left and right through motor driving and synchronous belt 53 transmission, so that the test piece is polished by abrasive paper with different meshes;
the clamp group 6 is fixed on the X-direction moving group 5 and used for clamping a test piece so that the test piece moves along with the X-direction moving group 5, a film pressure sensor 73 is arranged between the clamp group 6 and an X-direction moving platform of the X-direction moving group 5, and the film pressure sensor 73 is used for acquiring positive pressure when the test piece is polished;
the electric control unit 7 is used for receiving the instruction of the touch screen 72 and the signal of the film pressure sensor 73 and controlling the start, stop and rotation speed of all motors of the grinding machine.
As shown in fig. 29, the housing group 8 includes a cylindrical housing 81 and a base 82, the base 82 is used for supporting the driving group 1, the braking group 2, the polishing platform 3, the Z-direction moving group 4, the X-direction moving group 5 and the electric control group 7, the cylindrical housing 81 is disposed on the top of the base 82, the driving group 1, the braking group 2 and the electric control group 7 are disposed in the cylindrical housing 81, the top end of the cylindrical housing 81 is provided with a circular groove, and the polishing platform 3 is mounted in the circular groove.
As shown in fig. 3-6, the transmission gear of the driving set 1 includes a primary gear 12 and a secondary gear 13, the driving set 1 further includes a thrust ball bearing 15 and a bearing seat 16, the primary gear 12 is in key connection with the main motor 11, the secondary gear 13 is engaged with the primary gear 12, the secondary gear 13 is in key connection with the main shaft 14, the main shaft 14 is in interference fit with the thrust ball bearing 15, the thrust ball bearing 15 is in interference fit with the bearing seat 16, and the main motor 11 and the bearing seat 16 are both fixed on the top of the base 82 through bolts.
The main shaft 14 sequentially comprises a first section, a second section, a shaft shoulder, a third section and a fourth section from top to bottom, the first section is matched with a polishing disc 32 of the polishing platform 3 through key connection, the second section is matched with the secondary gear 13 through key connection, the shaft shoulder limits the secondary gear 13, the third section is matched with a brake shoe 21 of the brake set 2 through threaded connection, and the fourth section is in interference fit with the thrust ball bearing 15.
As shown in fig. 7-12, the brake set 2 includes a brake shoe 21, a brake shoe 22, a push rod 23, a slide way 24, a connecting rod 25, a crank turntable 26, and a brake motor 27, the brake shoe 21 is connected with the third section of the spindle 14 by a screw thread, the brake shoe 22 is connected with one end of the push rod 23 by a screw thread, the middle part of the push rod 23 is in sliding fit with the slide way 24, the other end of the push rod 23 is hinged with one end of the connecting rod 25, the other end of the connecting rod 25 is hinged with the crank turntable 26, the crank turntable 26 is connected with a rotating shaft key of, the crank turntable 26 is driven to rotate by the brake motor 27, the connecting rod 25 is driven to swing by the crank turntable 26, the push rod 23 is driven by the connecting rod 25 to translate along the slideway 24, the brake shoe 22 is pressed and separated from the brake shoe 21 by the translation of the push rod 23, when the brake shoe 22 and the brake shoe 21 are pressed tightly, a friction braking force is generated to brake the main shaft 14 to stop rotating, when the brake shoe 22 is disengaged from the brake shoe 21, no frictional braking force is generated to prevent the spindle 14 from rotating.
As shown in fig. 13-14, the grinding table 3 includes a grinding sheet 31, a grinding disc 32, and a holding clip 33; the polishing sheet 31 is a replaceable consumable, the polishing sheet 31 is formed by sequentially arranging and combining different-mesh abrasive papers in concentric rings, and the mesh number of the abrasive papers from the peripheral ring to the circle center is gradually reduced; the front surface of the polishing disc 32 is a round platform for placing the polishing disc 31, the back surface of the polishing disc 32 is provided with a key slot hole shaft with a key slot hole, the key slot hole shaft is used for being matched with the first section of the main shaft 14, the key slot hole shaft is in interference fit with a thrust bearing, and indirectly contacts the bottom of a round slot of the cylindrical shell 81 of the shell group 8 through the thrust bearing; the fixing clamp 33 is in threaded connection with the back of the polishing disc 32, the polishing disc 31 can be placed in the fixing clamp 33 after the fixing clamp 33 is broken, and the fixing clamp is clamped by the elastic force of the fixing clamp 33, so that the polishing disc 31 is fixed on the polishing disc 32; the driving group 1 drives the main shaft 14 to rotate, the main shaft 14 drives the polishing disc 32 to rotate, the test piece is polished through the rotating motion of the polishing disc 31 relative to the test piece, and the test piece radially moves on the polishing disc 31 to cross over the abrasive paper with different meshes, so that polishing with different meshes is completed.
As shown in fig. 15-18, the Z-direction moving group 4 includes a Z-direction motor 41, a Z-direction screw 42, a Z-direction rod 43, a Z-direction rod cap 44, Z-direction sliders 45, a Z-direction left platform 46 and a Z-direction right platform 47, the Z-direction motor 41 is screwed to a base 82 of the housing group 8, the Z-direction motor 41 drives the Z-direction screw 42 vertically arranged to rotate, the Z-direction rods 43 have four total numbers and are distributed at four corners of the base 82 of the housing group 8, the Z-direction sliders 45 are slidably connected to the Z-direction rod 43, the two Z-direction sliders 45 at the left side are connected to the Z-direction left platform 46 through bolts, the two Z-direction sliders at the right side are connected to the Z-direction right platform 47 through bolts, the Z-direction left platform 46 is screwed to the Z-direction screw 42 through a central threaded hole, and the Z-direction motor 41;
as shown in fig. 19 to 24, the X-direction moving group 5 includes an X-direction motor 51, a driving wheel 52, a synchronous belt 53, a driven wheel 54, a wheel frame 55, an X-direction guide rod 56, an X-direction slider 57 and an X-direction platform 58, the X-direction motor 51 is fixed on the Z-direction left platform 46 by bolts, the X-direction motor 51 is connected with the driving wheel 52 by a key, the driven wheel 54 is mounted on the wheel frame 55, the wheel frame 55 is mounted on the Z-direction right platform 47 by bolts, the synchronous belt 53 is connected between the driving wheel 52 and the driven wheel 54, two Z-direction sliders 45 opposite to the X-direction on the front side and two Z-direction sliders 45 opposite to the X-direction on the rear side are respectively connected by the X-direction guide rod 56, an X-direction slider 57 is respectively connected with the two X-direction sliders 57 in a sliding manner, the X-direction platform 58 is connected between the two X-direction, the driving pulley 52 drives the synchronous belt 53 to rotate, and the synchronous belt 53 drives the X-direction platform 58 to move left and right.
As shown in fig. 25, the fixture set 6 includes a fixture seat 61, a clamping block 62, a clamping screw 63 and a tightening knob 64, the back of the fixture seat 61 is connected to the X-direction platform 58, the clamping block 62 is in sliding fit with the fixture seat 61, the clamping screw 63 is in threaded fit with a threaded hole at one end of the fixture seat 61, the clamping screw 63 is in contact fit with the back of the clamping block 62, the tightening knob 64 is a section of screw, the tightening knob 64 is in threaded fit with a threaded through hole above the threaded hole of the fixture seat 61, the clamping block 62 clamps the test piece with the other end of the fixture seat 61, the clamping screw 63 is rotated to push the clamping block 62 to translate along the fixture seat 61 to clamp the test piece, and after the test piece is clamped, the tightening knob 64 is rotated to press the clamping screw 63, so as.
As shown in fig. 26 to 28, the electronic control unit 7 includes an integrated control board 71, a touch screen 72 and a film pressure sensor 73, the integrated control board 71 integrates a single chip, a motor driver, a touch chip and electrical components, the touch screen 72 is installed on a side surface of a cylindrical housing 81 of the housing unit 8, the film pressure sensor 73 is adhered to a matching gap between the fixture base 61 and the X-direction platform 58, the film pressure sensor 73 collects a positive pressure when the test piece is ground, the integrated control board 71 controls start-stop and rotation speed of the main motor 11, the brake motor 27, the Z-direction motor 41 and the X-direction motor 51, receives feedback signals of the film pressure sensor 73 and the touch screen 72, and a user can preset and real-time control instructions of the grinding machine through the touch screen 72.
Fig. 30 shows a theoretical polishing path, and when the test piece is polished, the X-direction moving group 5 moves in a reciprocating variable speed manner within the range of the current peripheral ring abrasive paper, and the speed and the rotation speed of the polishing sheet 31 can be synthesized into any direction speed of the XY plane, so that the test piece polishing path can uniformly cover all directions.
The material abrasion surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc polisher in the invention has four motor drives, which are respectively a main motor 11, a brake motor 27, a Z-direction motor 41 and an X-direction motor 51, a driving group 1 is driven by the main motor 11 to drive a polishing platform 3, so that the polishing platform 3 rotates along with a main shaft 14, the Z-direction motor 41 and the X-direction motor 51 respectively drive a Z-direction moving group 4 and an X-direction moving group 5 to drive a clamp group 6 for clamping the test piece, so that the test piece moves in the Z direction and the X direction relative to the polishing platform 3, when polishing starts, the test piece controls to move an outermost ring of a polishing piece 31 by the X-direction moving group 5, then controls to move downwards by the Z-direction moving group 4 to contact the polishing piece 31 and generate a contact force, the Z-direction motor 41 is closed after the contact force detected by a film pressure sensor 73 reaches a preset value, and then the test piece starts polishing at the outermost ring of the polishing piece 31, after the preset time is finished, the Z-direction moving group 4 controls the upward movement to enable the test piece to be separated from the contact with the polishing piece 31, the X-direction moving group 5 controls the test piece to move to a second peripheral ring of the polishing piece 31, the Z-direction moving group 4 controls the downward movement to be in contact with the polishing piece 31 to generate a contact force, the film pressure sensor 73 detects that the contact force reaches a preset value, the Z-direction motor 41 is closed, the test piece starts to be polished at the second peripheral ring abrasive paper of the polishing piece 31 at the moment, after the preset time is finished, the process is repeated until the third peripheral ring abrasive paper is polished until all meshes of the test piece are polished;
further, when the test piece is polished, the X-direction moving group 5 always moves in a reciprocating variable speed manner within the range of the current peripheral ring abrasive paper, and the speed and the rotation speed of the polishing sheet 31 can be synthesized into any direction speed of an XY plane, so that the polishing path of the test piece uniformly covers all directions;
further, when a test piece is polished, when the test piece is polished at peripheral ring abrasive paper positions with different radiuses of the polishing piece 31, the rotating speed of the main motor 11 is different, the preset rotating speed value is smaller at the abrasive paper position with small mesh number, namely the peripheral ring abrasive paper position with large radius, so that the test piece is prevented from being scratched during rough grinding;
further, when the test piece is ground at peripheral ring abrasive paper positions with different radiuses of the grinding piece 31, contact force generated by the Z-direction moving group 4 through Z-direction displacement is different from that of the grinding piece 31, the preset value of the contact force is smaller at the abrasive paper position with small mesh number, namely the peripheral ring abrasive paper position with large radius, when the test piece is ground, the contact force is detected by the film pressure sensor 73, the preset value is reached under the control of the Z-direction moving group 4, and the test piece is prevented from being scratched deeply during rough grinding;
further, after the test piece is polished, the main motor 11 is turned off, and the braking group 2 is driven by the brake motor 27 to brake the main shaft 14, so that the polishing sheet 31 stops rotating rapidly, and the test piece is prevented from being polished excessively;
further, all the control of the main motor 11, the brake motor 27, the Z-direction motor 41 and the X-direction motor 51 and the control of the grinding process are completed by the electric control unit 7.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping understanding the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a material wearing and tearing surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc polisher which characterized in that: the device comprises a driving group, a braking group, a polishing platform, a Z-direction moving group, an X-direction moving group, a clamp group, an electric control group and a shell group;
the grinding platform is supported on the top of the base of the shell group through a main shaft, the driving group comprises a main motor, a transmission gear and the main shaft, the main motor drives the main shaft to rotate through the transmission gear so as to drive the grinding platform to rotate, the top of the grinding platform is provided with abrasive paper girdle belts with different mesh numbers, and the grinding platform grinds a test piece through rotation;
the brake set is connected with the main shaft, and the brake set brakes the grinding platform when the grinding machine stops by stopping the rotation of the main shaft;
the Z-direction moving group drives the test piece to move up and down through motor driving and screw transmission, and applies polishing positive pressure to the test piece;
the X-direction moving group drives the test piece to move left and right through motor driving and synchronous belt transmission, so that the test piece is polished by abrasive paper with different meshes;
the clamp group is fixed on the X-direction moving group and used for clamping the test piece to enable the test piece to move along with the X-direction moving group, a film pressure sensor is arranged between the clamp group and an X-direction moving platform of the X-direction moving group and used for collecting positive pressure when the test piece is polished;
and the electric control unit is used for receiving a touch screen instruction and a film pressure sensor signal and controlling the start, stop and rotating speed of all motors of the grinding machine.
2. The material wear surface topography analysis experiment test piece disc sander of claim 1, characterized in that: the shell group include the cylinder casing with the base, the base is used for supporting drive group, braking group, the platform of polishing, Z are to removing the group, X are to removing group and automatically controlled group, the cylinder casing set up in the top of base, drive group, braking group and automatically controlled group set up in the cylinder casing, the top of cylinder casing is provided with the circular slot, the platform of polishing install in the circular slot.
3. The material wear surface topography analysis experiment specimen disc sander of claim 2, characterized in that: drive gear of drive group includes primary gear and secondary gear, the drive group still includes thrust ball bearing and bearing frame, the primary gear with main motor passes through the key-type connection cooperation, the secondary gear with the meshing of primary gear, the secondary gear with the main shaft passes through the key-type connection cooperation, the main shaft with thrust ball bearing interference fit, thrust ball bearing with bearing frame interference fit, main motor, bearing frame all set up in the top of base.
4. The material wear surface topography analysis experiment specimen disc sander of claim 3, characterized by: the main shaft sequentially comprises a first section, a second section, a shaft shoulder, a third section and a fourth section from top to bottom, the first section is matched with a polishing disc of the polishing platform through key connection, the second section is matched with the secondary gear through key connection, the shaft shoulder limits the secondary gear, the third section is matched with a brake shoe of the brake set through threaded connection, and the fourth section is in interference fit with the thrust ball bearing.
5. The material wear surface topography analysis experiment specimen disc sander of claim 4, characterized in that: the brake set comprises a brake shoe, a push rod, a slide way, a connecting rod, a crank turntable and a brake motor, the brake shoe is in threaded connection with the third section of the spindle, the brake shoe is in threaded connection with one end of the push rod, the middle part of the push rod is in sliding fit with the slide way, the other end of the push rod is hinged with one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the crank turntable, the crank turntable is in key connection with a rotating shaft of the brake motor, the brake set is a crank slider mechanism, the crank turntable is driven by the brake motor to rotate, the crank turntable drives the connecting rod to swing, the connecting rod drives the push rod to translate along the slide way, the push rod translates to enable the brake shoe to be in contact with and separated from the brake shoe, and when the brake shoe is in contact with and compressed, when the brake shoe is separated from the brake shoe, the friction braking force is not generated any more to block the rotation of the main shaft.
6. The material wear surface topography analysis experiment specimen disc sander of claim 4, characterized in that: the polishing platform comprises a polishing sheet, a polishing disc and a fixing clamp; the polishing disc is a replaceable consumable, is formed by sequentially arranging and combining different-mesh abrasive papers in concentric rings, and gradually decreases from a peripheral ring to a circle center; the front surface of the polishing disc is a round platform and is used for placing the polishing disc, the back surface of the polishing disc is provided with a key groove hole shaft with a key groove hole, the key groove hole shaft is used for being matched with the first section of the main shaft, the key groove hole shaft is in interference fit with a thrust bearing, and the key groove hole shaft indirectly contacts the bottom of a round groove of a cylindrical shell of the shell group through the thrust bearing; the fixing clamp is in threaded connection with the back face of the polishing disc, the polishing disc can be placed into the fixing clamp after the fixing clamp is broken, the fixing clamp is clamped tightly through elastic force of the fixing clamp, and the polishing disc is fixed on the polishing disc.
7. The material wear surface topography analysis experiment specimen disc sander of claim 2, characterized in that: the Z-direction moving group comprises a Z-direction motor, a Z-direction screw rod, a Z-direction guide rod cap, Z-direction sliding blocks, a Z left platform and a Z right platform, the Z-direction motor is arranged on a base of the shell group and drives the Z-direction screw rod which is vertically arranged to rotate, the Z-direction guide rods are distributed at four corners of the base of the shell group in total, the Z-direction sliding blocks are connected with the Z-direction guide rod in a sliding mode, the Z left platform is connected between the two Z-direction sliding blocks on the left side, the Z right platform is connected between the two Z-direction sliding blocks on the right side, the Z left platform is in threaded fit with the Z-direction screw rod through a central threaded hole, the Z-direction screw rod is driven to rotate through the Z-direction motor, and the Z;
the X-direction moving group comprises an X-direction motor, an action wheel, a synchronous belt, a driven wheel, a wheel carrier, an X-direction guide rod, an X-direction slider and an X-direction platform, the X-direction motor is arranged on the Z-direction platform, the X-direction motor is connected with the action wheel in a key mode, the driven wheel is arranged on the wheel carrier, the wheel carrier is arranged on the Z-direction platform, the synchronous belt is connected between the action wheel and the driven wheel, the X-direction slider at the front side is opposite to the two Z-direction sliders and the X-direction slider at the rear side is opposite to the two Z-direction sliders respectively through the X-direction guide rod, the two X-direction guide rods are respectively connected with the X-direction slider in a sliding mode, the X-direction platform is connected between the two X-direction sliders, the synchronous belt is connected with the X-direction platform, the action wheel is, and then the synchronous belt drives the X-direction platform to move left and right.
8. The material wear surface topography analysis experiment specimen disc sander of claim 7, characterized by: the clamp group comprises a clamp seat, a clamping block, a clamping screw and a tightening knob, the back of the clamp seat is connected with the X-direction platform, the clamping block is in sliding fit with the clamp seat, the clamping screw is in threaded fit with a threaded hole at one end of the clamp seat, the clamping screw is in contact fit with the back of the clamping block, the tightening knob is one section of screw, the tightening knob is in threaded fit with a threaded through hole above the threaded hole of the clamp seat, the clamping block is in threaded fit with a test piece clamped at the other end of the clamp seat, the clamping screw pushes the clamping block to clamp the test piece in a translation mode, and when the test piece is clamped, the tightening knob is rotated to compress the clamping screw to prevent the clamping screw from loosening when the test piece is polished.
9. The material wear surface topography analysis experiment specimen disc sander of claim 8, characterized by: the electric control unit comprises an integrated control panel, a touch screen and a film pressure sensor, the integrated control panel integrates a single chip microcomputer, a motor drive, a touch chip and an electric element, the touch screen is installed on the side face of a cylindrical shell of the shell unit, the film pressure sensor is pasted on a clamp seat and an X-direction matching gap of a platform, the film pressure sensor collects positive pressure when a test piece is polished, the integrated control panel controls a main motor, a brake motor, a Z-direction motor and the X-direction motor to start, stop and rotate, receives feedback signals of the film pressure sensor and the touch screen, and a user can perform instruction presetting and real-time control on the polishing machine through the touch screen.
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Application publication date: 20210702 |